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Hossein Dargahi, Farugh Nomani, Mohammad Rahim Ghohestani,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Volume 15, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Managers’ sufficient awareness about rules and regulations and the legal issues of health system may lead to their optimal performance in organizations. Therefore, this study is conducted to determine senior managers’ level of knowledge about legal rules and regulations related to the health system in Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS).
Materials and Methods: The present descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017. The sample consisted of 75 senior managers. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose face validity was confirmed using the opinions of 7 specialists and experts in the field of medical law, health care and medical services management; besides, regarding its reliability, Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability coefficients were 0.89 and 0.79, respectively. With SPSS software, data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics including absolute and relative frequency and inferential statistics including Pearson and Ka-square correlation tests.
Results: The level of knowledge of the studied managers was below average in most legal areas and legal standards related to the health system. There was a significant inverse relationship between the level of knowledge of organizational, financial and transactional areas, and administrative and employment of managers with passing relevant training courses (P=0.01 and P=0.04).
Conclusion: TUMS senior managers' level of knowledge in the three areas of organizational, financial, and rules and regulations is at medium and lower than medium levels. To raise the awareness of managers, necessary arrangements such as holding training courses with new methods such as simulation, screenwriting, case study and experimentation and using new technologies such as hybrid knowledge management and technology integration are suggested. Also, creating managers' strategic competency system at the levels of general and specific skills, along with continuous training and monitoring the accountability and feedback provided in management processes, will ensure future reforms.
Materials and Methods: The present descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017. The sample consisted of 75 senior managers. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose face validity was confirmed using the opinions of 7 specialists and experts in the field of medical law, health care and medical services management; besides, regarding its reliability, Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability coefficients were 0.89 and 0.79, respectively. With SPSS software, data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics including absolute and relative frequency and inferential statistics including Pearson and Ka-square correlation tests.
Results: The level of knowledge of the studied managers was below average in most legal areas and legal standards related to the health system. There was a significant inverse relationship between the level of knowledge of organizational, financial and transactional areas, and administrative and employment of managers with passing relevant training courses (P=0.01 and P=0.04).
Conclusion: TUMS senior managers' level of knowledge in the three areas of organizational, financial, and rules and regulations is at medium and lower than medium levels. To raise the awareness of managers, necessary arrangements such as holding training courses with new methods such as simulation, screenwriting, case study and experimentation and using new technologies such as hybrid knowledge management and technology integration are suggested. Also, creating managers' strategic competency system at the levels of general and specific skills, along with continuous training and monitoring the accountability and feedback provided in management processes, will ensure future reforms.
Simin Momenzadeh, Atefeh Zarei, Phd Seyed Ali Akbar Famil Rouhany, Leila Dehghani,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Volume 15, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: This study aimed to propose a consistent architecture to design integrated and flexible information systems for the Vice-Chancellor for Research and Technology of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS).
Materials and Methods: This applied research employed an integrated design based on business system planning (BSP) and James Martin's model for the design of information systems. The statistical population of this study included 27 managers and experts of AJUMS Vice-Chancellorship department for Research and Technology. Data collection was carried out using structured interview, observation, and document analysis. A contrast matrix was then used for data analysis.
Results: In total, 53 processes and 60 data classes were identified. Using a multi-layered architectural model (presentation, process, data and infrastructure), the results were presented in the form of a proposed architecture. In the proposed architecture, 12 subsystems and the relationships among them were identified; such subsystems as library, research activities, sabbatical leave, conference, fellowship, publication, innovation and technology, laboratory information, theses, budget and planning, social subsystem and knowledge-management networks. The results also showed that the level of coverage of the processes, data classes, and objectives by existing information systems were 53%, 50%, and 55%, respectively, and increased to full coverage in proposed or optimal modes.
Conclusion: By identifying the required information systems, it is possible to accurately plan and successfully use these systems in this study. The results of the present study can be used to implement the architecture of information systems of Research and Technology Departments of other universities of medical sciences (UMSs) in Iran, which can have a significant effect on saving cost and time.
Materials and Methods: This applied research employed an integrated design based on business system planning (BSP) and James Martin's model for the design of information systems. The statistical population of this study included 27 managers and experts of AJUMS Vice-Chancellorship department for Research and Technology. Data collection was carried out using structured interview, observation, and document analysis. A contrast matrix was then used for data analysis.
Results: In total, 53 processes and 60 data classes were identified. Using a multi-layered architectural model (presentation, process, data and infrastructure), the results were presented in the form of a proposed architecture. In the proposed architecture, 12 subsystems and the relationships among them were identified; such subsystems as library, research activities, sabbatical leave, conference, fellowship, publication, innovation and technology, laboratory information, theses, budget and planning, social subsystem and knowledge-management networks. The results also showed that the level of coverage of the processes, data classes, and objectives by existing information systems were 53%, 50%, and 55%, respectively, and increased to full coverage in proposed or optimal modes.
Conclusion: By identifying the required information systems, it is possible to accurately plan and successfully use these systems in this study. The results of the present study can be used to implement the architecture of information systems of Research and Technology Departments of other universities of medical sciences (UMSs) in Iran, which can have a significant effect on saving cost and time.
Arman Bahari, Behnoosh Moody,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (10-2021)
Volume 15, Issue 4 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Increasing the use of smartphones, improving the state of World Wide Web, and also the need for flexibility in the education process have made the implementation of e-learning in human society inevitable, eliminated time and space limitations, and provided equal education. However, the pace of its creation and development, especially in universities and higher education centers in developing countries such as Iran, is very slow. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the factors affecting the creation and development of e-learning from the viewpoint of students of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: This is an applied and descriptive-survey study. The sample includes 313 students studying at Zahedan University of Medical Sciences during 2016-2017, who were selected by simple random sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed using statistical tests and SPSS software.
Results: The findings show that the six selected factors of this study affect the creation and development of e-learning from the viewpoint of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences students. From the highest to the lowest effect, these factors include the quality of information and content (4.25), learners’ willingness (4.11), system quality (4.10), facilitators (4.05), student-professor interaction (3.98) and professor quality (3.84).
Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that policy makers and university administrators, considering the importance of each factor, invest and develop e-learning to provide better services to students and faculty.
Materials and Methods: This is an applied and descriptive-survey study. The sample includes 313 students studying at Zahedan University of Medical Sciences during 2016-2017, who were selected by simple random sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed using statistical tests and SPSS software.
Results: The findings show that the six selected factors of this study affect the creation and development of e-learning from the viewpoint of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences students. From the highest to the lowest effect, these factors include the quality of information and content (4.25), learners’ willingness (4.11), system quality (4.10), facilitators (4.05), student-professor interaction (3.98) and professor quality (3.84).
Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that policy makers and university administrators, considering the importance of each factor, invest and develop e-learning to provide better services to students and faculty.
Seyed Amir Reza Nejat, Mahmoud Bigler, Seyedeh Bahareh Kashian,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Volume 16, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Intellectual capital, with its basic knowledge nature, is an intangible, strategic, unique and competitive advantage resource. The purpose of this study is to investigate the current state of intellectual capital maturity in the field of management and planning of Tehran university of medical sciences.
Materials and Methods: This research was applied in terms of purpose and with a quantitative approach in 1400 and a questionnaire was used to collect information. The statistical population is the middle and basic managers of the Vice Chancellor for Resource Management Development and Planning. Using Morgan table, 57 people were randomly selected and analyzed by t-test and non-parametric statistical tests using SPSS software. Has been. The content validity of the questionnaire was obtained by examining the research background and obtaining the opinions of experts, and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to assess the reliability, the value of which was 0.874.
Results: Statistical tests show that the five levels of intellectual capital management maturity follow a nonlinear pattern and the level of realization of the initial level characteristics, ie lack of intellectual capital structure, is higher than acceptable, but the statistical test of other levels of maturity Included; Managed, defined, quantified and optimal management is not significant at the significance level of 0.05.
Conclusion: The current situation of intellectual capital in the study population indicates that management is unaware of the importance of intellectual capital and no action has been taken to implement the knowledge capital management process. Although there is a lot of necessary infrastructure in the Vice Chancellor, however, insufficient understanding of the capabilities of intellectual capital management as a strategic resource is evident in this research. To reach the defined level and the next levels, the organization needs to identify, activate and direct the intangible source and then quantify, standardize and manage quantitatively and analyze the strengths and weaknesses and finally the continuous improvement of processes and Focus on innovation.
Materials and Methods: This research was applied in terms of purpose and with a quantitative approach in 1400 and a questionnaire was used to collect information. The statistical population is the middle and basic managers of the Vice Chancellor for Resource Management Development and Planning. Using Morgan table, 57 people were randomly selected and analyzed by t-test and non-parametric statistical tests using SPSS software. Has been. The content validity of the questionnaire was obtained by examining the research background and obtaining the opinions of experts, and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to assess the reliability, the value of which was 0.874.
Results: Statistical tests show that the five levels of intellectual capital management maturity follow a nonlinear pattern and the level of realization of the initial level characteristics, ie lack of intellectual capital structure, is higher than acceptable, but the statistical test of other levels of maturity Included; Managed, defined, quantified and optimal management is not significant at the significance level of 0.05.
Conclusion: The current situation of intellectual capital in the study population indicates that management is unaware of the importance of intellectual capital and no action has been taken to implement the knowledge capital management process. Although there is a lot of necessary infrastructure in the Vice Chancellor, however, insufficient understanding of the capabilities of intellectual capital management as a strategic resource is evident in this research. To reach the defined level and the next levels, the organization needs to identify, activate and direct the intangible source and then quantify, standardize and manage quantitatively and analyze the strengths and weaknesses and finally the continuous improvement of processes and Focus on innovation.
Zahra Otroj, Firoozeh Zare-Farashbandi, Fatemeh Rastegari,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (5-2022)
Volume 16, Issue 2 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Health information seeking behavior can be influenced by several factors and variables such as personality traits, beliefs, values, tendencies, contextual factors and personal emotions. Health information has a direct relationship with the quality of life of people in society, it can be influential in decisions related to personal and social health and improve people’s performance in this field. This study aimed to determine the relationship between personality types of graduate students of Isfahan University of medical Sciences (IUMS) and their health information seeking behavior based on the Miller model.
Materials and Methods: This was an applied survey study. The study population was all graduate students of IUMS. The sample size was determined using the Morgan table of 297 people. Data collection tools are Neo Five Personality Factor Questionnaire and Miller Information Behavior Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: The results showed that there is an inverse relationship between personality type “Psychotic” and the component of “active search for health information”. Also there is a direct relationship between persons who are “Eager for new experiences” and “conscientiousness” with the component of “active search for health information”. But there is no significant relationship between personality types “extroversion” and “agreeability” with the components of health informing behavior. The studied students are not responsible and conscientious in terms of personality type, they often prefer solitude and are introverted and conservative. But more than half of them are balanced in the dimension of “agreeability”.
Conclusion: This study showed that people who are eager for new experiences and conscientious, search health information actively, but Psychotic persons are not willing to be active in seeking health information This means that the more responsible and conscientious people are, or the more eager they are for new experiences, the more actively they search for health information. Therefore, it is better for health policy makers to plan in such a way that the necessary health information is provided to them interactively based on the personality of the people.
Materials and Methods: This was an applied survey study. The study population was all graduate students of IUMS. The sample size was determined using the Morgan table of 297 people. Data collection tools are Neo Five Personality Factor Questionnaire and Miller Information Behavior Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: The results showed that there is an inverse relationship between personality type “Psychotic” and the component of “active search for health information”. Also there is a direct relationship between persons who are “Eager for new experiences” and “conscientiousness” with the component of “active search for health information”. But there is no significant relationship between personality types “extroversion” and “agreeability” with the components of health informing behavior. The studied students are not responsible and conscientious in terms of personality type, they often prefer solitude and are introverted and conservative. But more than half of them are balanced in the dimension of “agreeability”.
Conclusion: This study showed that people who are eager for new experiences and conscientious, search health information actively, but Psychotic persons are not willing to be active in seeking health information This means that the more responsible and conscientious people are, or the more eager they are for new experiences, the more actively they search for health information. Therefore, it is better for health policy makers to plan in such a way that the necessary health information is provided to them interactively based on the personality of the people.
Zainab Sadat Noorbakhsh, Fatemeh Sheikhshoaei, Dariush Matlabi, Farzaneh Fazli,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (8-2022)
Volume 16, Issue 3 (8-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Medical resources are directly related to health of society and the book as one of the main sources has great importance. This study has been conducted to investigate pathology of medical sciences books publishing status and also identification of content, cultural and technical production challenges of these books in Iran from the viewpoint of publishers.
Materials and Methods: The present study in terms of purpose, approach, and method is applicable, qualitative and phenomenology. The research tool has been semi - structured interview and community were publishers of medical sciences books in two sections academic (Five) and private (eight) publishers. The interviews continued until the data saturation stage (13 interviews). First, open and axial coding was performed, which finally extracted 402 codes and then was categorized into 74 categories, which were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.
Results: The field of content production faced the most important challenges (53%), in which policy making absence (24 repetitions, 16%), no domestic high percentage of medical publication (23 repetitions, 16%), and the lack of expertise in medical publishers (11 repetitions, 7%), were declared by publishers. The problems of cultural production were in the second place with 39% and respectively include specialized and costly editing of the book, the lack of professional referees and the lack of structured review rules with 22 repetitions equivalent to 46%, 8 repetitions equivalent to 17% and 6 repetitions equivalent to 13%. The challenges of the technical production sector are reflected with a number equal to 8% of the total problems, which include the problems of raw materials printing and publishing (11 repetitions, 48%), lack of printing and publishing technology (5 repetitions, 23%) and the lack of technical expertise staff (3 repetitions, 13 percent).
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study and the revealed funds of damages in the medical publishing industry, it can be concluded that many publishing challenges in Iran are rooted in general policies, rules and culture. Therefore, more serious attention to the professional field of medical publishing from the government and unbiased policy making in order to divert the concerns of publishers can solve many obstacles and difficulties.
Materials and Methods: The present study in terms of purpose, approach, and method is applicable, qualitative and phenomenology. The research tool has been semi - structured interview and community were publishers of medical sciences books in two sections academic (Five) and private (eight) publishers. The interviews continued until the data saturation stage (13 interviews). First, open and axial coding was performed, which finally extracted 402 codes and then was categorized into 74 categories, which were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.
Results: The field of content production faced the most important challenges (53%), in which policy making absence (24 repetitions, 16%), no domestic high percentage of medical publication (23 repetitions, 16%), and the lack of expertise in medical publishers (11 repetitions, 7%), were declared by publishers. The problems of cultural production were in the second place with 39% and respectively include specialized and costly editing of the book, the lack of professional referees and the lack of structured review rules with 22 repetitions equivalent to 46%, 8 repetitions equivalent to 17% and 6 repetitions equivalent to 13%. The challenges of the technical production sector are reflected with a number equal to 8% of the total problems, which include the problems of raw materials printing and publishing (11 repetitions, 48%), lack of printing and publishing technology (5 repetitions, 23%) and the lack of technical expertise staff (3 repetitions, 13 percent).
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study and the revealed funds of damages in the medical publishing industry, it can be concluded that many publishing challenges in Iran are rooted in general policies, rules and culture. Therefore, more serious attention to the professional field of medical publishing from the government and unbiased policy making in order to divert the concerns of publishers can solve many obstacles and difficulties.
Fatemeh Mohabati, Maryam Tajvar, Bahram Mohaghegh, Seyedpouria Hedayati, Mohammad Arab,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (10-2022)
Volume 16, Issue 4 (10-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Reforming the structure of medical universities and its continuous adaptation to the mission of the organization and new functions is an undeniable necessity. The purpose of this article was to explain how to implement this policy.
Materials and Methods: The current qualitative study was conducted in 2020 retrospectively based on Kingdon’s multiple streams model. Data collection was done using two methods: individual interviews and document review. Sampling of the managers and experts of the administrative development and transformation centers of the Ministry of Health and 12 universities of Medical Sciences as well as vice-chancellors of the universities was done in a purposeful and snowball method until data saturation was reached by conducting 19 individual interviews. Data analysis were done with framework and content analysis methods, and using MAXQDA 2020 software.
Results: The low of structural problems included quantitative and qualitative changes in new tasks in the environmental units of universities, interference and parallel work in the tasks of university units, and bargainings for restructuring by universities. The policy low included the obligation to make structural changes in the upstream laws and documents, including the Fifth Development Plan, and the cooperation of all stakeholders. The political process included the implementation of the Health Transformation and the Family Physician Plan, and the support of relevant policymakers and the approval of the law of becoming a university trustee in the law of the fifth plan of economic development and also gaining the all-round support of the stakeholders.
Conclusion: The medical sciences universities, as the headquarters arm of the Ministry of Health at the provincial level, need to have flexible structure in line with the needs of their surrounding units. In luential context factors in policy-making the reform of the structure of the headquarters of universities/colleges, in addition to the stream of structural problems, the main of which was the change in the duties of the units, along with the political determination created in the Ministry of Health, led to the simultaneous occurrence of three streams of problems, Politics and politics and finally opening the window of opportunity and changing the structure and organization of the headquarters of medical sciences universities.
Materials and Methods: The current qualitative study was conducted in 2020 retrospectively based on Kingdon’s multiple streams model. Data collection was done using two methods: individual interviews and document review. Sampling of the managers and experts of the administrative development and transformation centers of the Ministry of Health and 12 universities of Medical Sciences as well as vice-chancellors of the universities was done in a purposeful and snowball method until data saturation was reached by conducting 19 individual interviews. Data analysis were done with framework and content analysis methods, and using MAXQDA 2020 software.
Results: The low of structural problems included quantitative and qualitative changes in new tasks in the environmental units of universities, interference and parallel work in the tasks of university units, and bargainings for restructuring by universities. The policy low included the obligation to make structural changes in the upstream laws and documents, including the Fifth Development Plan, and the cooperation of all stakeholders. The political process included the implementation of the Health Transformation and the Family Physician Plan, and the support of relevant policymakers and the approval of the law of becoming a university trustee in the law of the fifth plan of economic development and also gaining the all-round support of the stakeholders.
Conclusion: The medical sciences universities, as the headquarters arm of the Ministry of Health at the provincial level, need to have flexible structure in line with the needs of their surrounding units. In luential context factors in policy-making the reform of the structure of the headquarters of universities/colleges, in addition to the stream of structural problems, the main of which was the change in the duties of the units, along with the political determination created in the Ministry of Health, led to the simultaneous occurrence of three streams of problems, Politics and politics and finally opening the window of opportunity and changing the structure and organization of the headquarters of medical sciences universities.
Ashraf Dehghani, Maryam Ghanbari Khoshnood, Somayeh Amini Sarteshnizi, Arezoo Farhadi,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The emergence and continuity of Corona has forced universities and higher education centers to change their educational strategy to take appropriate and consistent action to improve their educational programs. Due to the importance of e-learning and e-learning in response to these conditions, the present study investigated the experience of students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences from e-learning in the Covid-19 crisis condition.
Materials and Methods: This was a qualitative research with an interpretive phenomenological approach. The purposeful sampling method was used. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. After the thirteenth interview, the theoretical saturation of the data was achieved and the interview process with the sixteenth person was completed. In order to analyze the text of the interviews, the Colaizzi method was used.
Results: From the analysis of the obtained data, three main themes: “Communication and interaction” with five sub-themes (lack of proper interaction between student/professor and student/student, lack of motivation, security and mental health, knowledge sharing and efficiency atmosphere in time and cost), “Management of time and learning style” with six sub-themes (low quality of teaching, stress, access and provision of resources, exam health, gaining experience and skills and opportunity to learn again and innovation in education) and “Infrastructure and technical facilities” were extracted with three sub-themes (weak support, ignoring educational equality and promoting media literacy). Weak interaction between professor and student, increasing level of anxiety and individual responsibility to achieve success in learning and weak technical and management infrastructure were the main challenges obtained from these three themes. Providing a platform for research, self-regulation and self-management in learning, increasing the knowledge and skills of information and communication technology are among the opportunities that are included in these themes.
Conclusion: The results of the current research require attention to the approach of interaction and communication between the learner and the learner, to review the methods of teaching and skill-learning, to improve the quality of electronic learning and to prepare suitable infrastructures for optimal use of electronic learning.
Materials and Methods: This was a qualitative research with an interpretive phenomenological approach. The purposeful sampling method was used. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. After the thirteenth interview, the theoretical saturation of the data was achieved and the interview process with the sixteenth person was completed. In order to analyze the text of the interviews, the Colaizzi method was used.
Results: From the analysis of the obtained data, three main themes: “Communication and interaction” with five sub-themes (lack of proper interaction between student/professor and student/student, lack of motivation, security and mental health, knowledge sharing and efficiency atmosphere in time and cost), “Management of time and learning style” with six sub-themes (low quality of teaching, stress, access and provision of resources, exam health, gaining experience and skills and opportunity to learn again and innovation in education) and “Infrastructure and technical facilities” were extracted with three sub-themes (weak support, ignoring educational equality and promoting media literacy). Weak interaction between professor and student, increasing level of anxiety and individual responsibility to achieve success in learning and weak technical and management infrastructure were the main challenges obtained from these three themes. Providing a platform for research, self-regulation and self-management in learning, increasing the knowledge and skills of information and communication technology are among the opportunities that are included in these themes.
Conclusion: The results of the current research require attention to the approach of interaction and communication between the learner and the learner, to review the methods of teaching and skill-learning, to improve the quality of electronic learning and to prepare suitable infrastructures for optimal use of electronic learning.
- Zeinab Hashemzadeh, Farhad Habibi, Hossein Dargahi, Mohammad Arab,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Home care is an alternative method of hospitalization, especially for chronic patients and is an innovative approach to improve care and reduce the costs of hospital readmissions. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the benefits and challenges of implementing the home care plan after being discharged from the hospital considering the perspective of health service recipients and providers at Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2021.
Material and Methods: The present study is an applied research that was conducted qualitatively using structured and semi-structured interviews. The research sample was those responsible for the implementation of this project at the ministry and university level, the implementers of this project in 4 hospitals, 5 institutions providing home care services, and family of patients. Twenty-eight people from the research community were included in the study using the purposeful and snowball sampling method. Content analysis method was used to analyze the interview data. MAXQDA2020 software was used for data classification.
Results: The results were classified into two categories: benefits and challenges of the home care plan after discharge. A total of 61 open codes were extracted from the analysis of research interviews, so that 27 codes led to the identification of 5 themes (Including improving service delivery, reducing costs, achieving health goals, cultural and social benefits, providing the necessary infrastructure) in the benefits and 34 codes led to the identification of 7 themes (including policy-making, legal and ethical, economic, manpower, cultural-social-communication, service provision limitations and time and place limitations) in the challenges.
Conclusion: The result of this research showed that home care services after being discharged from the hospital play an important role in completing the provision of healthcare services. Home care services after being discharged from the hospital improves service delivery, reduces costs, and helps in achieving health goals. It also benefits patients, society and the government in various cultural and social fields. On the other hand, it seems that there are challenges in the political, legal, economic and cultural fields in the way of the optimal implementation of this plan. Therefore, planning to evaluate and solve the problems facing these services is essential.
Material and Methods: The present study is an applied research that was conducted qualitatively using structured and semi-structured interviews. The research sample was those responsible for the implementation of this project at the ministry and university level, the implementers of this project in 4 hospitals, 5 institutions providing home care services, and family of patients. Twenty-eight people from the research community were included in the study using the purposeful and snowball sampling method. Content analysis method was used to analyze the interview data. MAXQDA2020 software was used for data classification.
Results: The results were classified into two categories: benefits and challenges of the home care plan after discharge. A total of 61 open codes were extracted from the analysis of research interviews, so that 27 codes led to the identification of 5 themes (Including improving service delivery, reducing costs, achieving health goals, cultural and social benefits, providing the necessary infrastructure) in the benefits and 34 codes led to the identification of 7 themes (including policy-making, legal and ethical, economic, manpower, cultural-social-communication, service provision limitations and time and place limitations) in the challenges.
Conclusion: The result of this research showed that home care services after being discharged from the hospital play an important role in completing the provision of healthcare services. Home care services after being discharged from the hospital improves service delivery, reduces costs, and helps in achieving health goals. It also benefits patients, society and the government in various cultural and social fields. On the other hand, it seems that there are challenges in the political, legal, economic and cultural fields in the way of the optimal implementation of this plan. Therefore, planning to evaluate and solve the problems facing these services is essential.
Mashallah Torabi, Sara Naeimi, Elnaz Vahedi, Hamideh Hamidi,
Volume 17, Issue 6 (2-2024)
Volume 17, Issue 6 (2-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Educating the audience is one of the things that can affect their mental perception of the usefulness and ease of utilizing technology. Due to the lack of knowledge about the unique features and ease of use of Tehran University of Medical Sciences website, some audiences prefer to use the old website and do not accept the changes on the university website well. This research was conducted with the aim of comparing the two methods of face-to-face training and clip training in accepting information technology changes on the university website and evaluating the audience’s awareness of branding features on the web.
Materials and Methods: There were 90 people who participated in this study, 45 of whom received face-to-face training and 45 of them received training about site changes through video clips. Research data collection was done based on Davis questionnaire and data analysis was done using SPSS and Padprism graph software. To compare a quantitative variable in more than two groups, one-way analysis of variance test or Kruskal-Wallis test and also, and also, one-way ANCOVA test were used to check the difference between groups before and after training.
Results: In face-to-face training, variables such as awareness, usefulness and perceived ease of use, as well as attitude and performance regarding the use of information technology before and after face-to-face training or clip did not have significant differences.
Conclusion: Examining the effectiveness of the teaching methods in this project will help the public relations of the university to act quickly for the changes that will occur in the field of web branding in the future, in terms of preparing and accompanying the audience.
Elham Shakiba, Mahboobeh Sadat Fadavi, Mohammad Ali Nadi,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (11-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 5 (11-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Smart power is the solidarity between science, knowledge and communication. With the advancement of technology, new space has been created in medical sciences. The aim of this research is Explaining the concept of Smart power and identifying its components in Universities of Medical Sciences
Materials and Methods: The current research was done qualitatively in 2023 using the grounded theory method. Deep and semi-structured interview was done with 13 faculty members of Medical Sciences Universities of the country selected through the purposeful and snowball sampling method and reached theoretical saturation. Strauss -Corbin method based on open, axial and selective coding was used for data analysis. To determine the accuracy and validity of the data, after coding the data, the opinions of six interview participants and six university professors who were familiar with the subject and method of the present research were sought.
Results: After the initial concepts were formulated, 77 open codes, 15 core codes, and five selective codes were identified for smart power. Strengthening artificial intelligence, e-health transformation, cross-border activities together constitute health technological responsiveness, are causal factors that affect the phenomenon of smart power. Actions that should be taken for smart power in medical universities, as strategies include technological innovation that is carried out with systematic technology, technological education, and research capacity building. Cyber management with technology-based performance, communication capability enhancement, information management are contextual factors that create special conditions for effective strategies. The conflict between tradition and modernization, information anxiety as organizational risks are intervention factors that interfere with and limit strategies. If the special conditions of strategies are provided and intervention factors are controlled, the outcome of strategies will be technological progress, development of communication network, integration of hard and soft power, and overall comprehensive health.
Conclusion: Using and developing this power, the policy makers of the health system will be able to solve problems such as the non-uniformity of health facilities in different regions, also the use of virtual university and electronic education, which will remove the time and place limitations and provide the opportunity for education to applicants in different parts of the country.
Materials and Methods: The current research was done qualitatively in 2023 using the grounded theory method. Deep and semi-structured interview was done with 13 faculty members of Medical Sciences Universities of the country selected through the purposeful and snowball sampling method and reached theoretical saturation. Strauss -Corbin method based on open, axial and selective coding was used for data analysis. To determine the accuracy and validity of the data, after coding the data, the opinions of six interview participants and six university professors who were familiar with the subject and method of the present research were sought.
Results: After the initial concepts were formulated, 77 open codes, 15 core codes, and five selective codes were identified for smart power. Strengthening artificial intelligence, e-health transformation, cross-border activities together constitute health technological responsiveness, are causal factors that affect the phenomenon of smart power. Actions that should be taken for smart power in medical universities, as strategies include technological innovation that is carried out with systematic technology, technological education, and research capacity building. Cyber management with technology-based performance, communication capability enhancement, information management are contextual factors that create special conditions for effective strategies. The conflict between tradition and modernization, information anxiety as organizational risks are intervention factors that interfere with and limit strategies. If the special conditions of strategies are provided and intervention factors are controlled, the outcome of strategies will be technological progress, development of communication network, integration of hard and soft power, and overall comprehensive health.
Conclusion: Using and developing this power, the policy makers of the health system will be able to solve problems such as the non-uniformity of health facilities in different regions, also the use of virtual university and electronic education, which will remove the time and place limitations and provide the opportunity for education to applicants in different parts of the country.
Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan, Seyed Farshad Allameh, Neda Alizadeh, Tahereh Sharifi,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Retention of faculty members is one of the fundamental challenges of the country’s health system. Therefore, this study aimed was conducted with the aim of providing strategies for retaining faculty members in the health field.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in a combined manner in three stages in 2024. In a field review, related articles were reviewed from the Magiran, SID, PubMed databases and using the Google scholar search engine. Out of 18,977 identified studies, 37 articles were selected and reviewed after several stages of screening. In the second stage, 12 semi-structured interviews were conducted with relevant experts and managers using an inductive approach based on the rules of directional content analysis to identify the factors of retention of faculty members in the health field. Accordingly, the human resource management framework, which includes 5 stages of familiarization with the data, identification of the thematic framework, indexing, display with a diagram, and interpretation of the results, was used for data analysis in this study. MAXQDA-2020 software was used to analyze the research data. Finally, in the third stage, using a prioritization matrix, the solutions were scored and prioritized by 17 experts.
Results: Strategies were identified and classified into 10 areas based on the human resources management cycle, including recruitment, selection and hiring, growth and development, performance evaluation, compensation, organizational culture, improving working conditions, motivation, termination of employment, and external factors. Then, those in each area were prioritized based on their level of efficacy, with the highest priority solutions including improvement of the country’s financial and economic conditions (mean score=4.92 out of 5), an increase in faculty members’ salaries (4.90), removal of the salary cap (4.88), establishment of housing cooperatives (4.82), respect for the dignity and social status of retired professors (4.80), provision of recreational facilities for faculty members (4.79), enhancement of transparency, accountability, and adherence to the rule of law in the country (4.79), and increased faculty participation in decision-making processes (4.47).
Conclusion: Given the results, strategies such as focusing on improving the financial situation, promoting transparency, and increasing the well-being of faculty members can be effective in increasing the motivation and retention of faculty members in the health sector. Therefore, the implementation of these strategies by policymakers and education administrators is expected to improve the retention of faculty members in this sector.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in a combined manner in three stages in 2024. In a field review, related articles were reviewed from the Magiran, SID, PubMed databases and using the Google scholar search engine. Out of 18,977 identified studies, 37 articles were selected and reviewed after several stages of screening. In the second stage, 12 semi-structured interviews were conducted with relevant experts and managers using an inductive approach based on the rules of directional content analysis to identify the factors of retention of faculty members in the health field. Accordingly, the human resource management framework, which includes 5 stages of familiarization with the data, identification of the thematic framework, indexing, display with a diagram, and interpretation of the results, was used for data analysis in this study. MAXQDA-2020 software was used to analyze the research data. Finally, in the third stage, using a prioritization matrix, the solutions were scored and prioritized by 17 experts.
Results: Strategies were identified and classified into 10 areas based on the human resources management cycle, including recruitment, selection and hiring, growth and development, performance evaluation, compensation, organizational culture, improving working conditions, motivation, termination of employment, and external factors. Then, those in each area were prioritized based on their level of efficacy, with the highest priority solutions including improvement of the country’s financial and economic conditions (mean score=4.92 out of 5), an increase in faculty members’ salaries (4.90), removal of the salary cap (4.88), establishment of housing cooperatives (4.82), respect for the dignity and social status of retired professors (4.80), provision of recreational facilities for faculty members (4.79), enhancement of transparency, accountability, and adherence to the rule of law in the country (4.79), and increased faculty participation in decision-making processes (4.47).
Conclusion: Given the results, strategies such as focusing on improving the financial situation, promoting transparency, and increasing the well-being of faculty members can be effective in increasing the motivation and retention of faculty members in the health sector. Therefore, the implementation of these strategies by policymakers and education administrators is expected to improve the retention of faculty members in this sector.
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