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Showing 41 results for Mohammadi
Sokaineh Falsafin, Samaneh Khavidaki, Mahdi Mohammadi,
Volume 12, Issue 5 (Dec & Jan 2019)
Volume 12, Issue 5 (Dec & Jan 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The purpose of this study is the analysis of articles published about the evaluation of medical scientific products in Web of Science database.
Materials and Methods: This is a quantitative research that is based on literature review. The population of the study consists of 55 articles published in valid national scientific journals on the review of medical scientific products of Iran in Web of Science.
Results: The findings show that during 2006-2016, about 35 articles reviewed the scientific outputs of medical universities and the others examined the scientific outputs of a particular subject area, among which pharmaceutical and surgical fields had the most studies. Some 60.6% of the studies were published by specialists in the field of knowledge and information science, and 39.4% by medical specialists. Among universities, Iran University of Medical Sciences, and among individuals, Hafez Mohammad Hassanzadeh Asfijani were recognized as the most prolific. Most researches have been published using Scientometric Approach, and among scientific software, Pajek has been used more. Among the published articles, those with two and three authors were the most.
Conclusion: The articles have been quantitative, and mentioning various methods indicates a kind of confusion in the choice of vocabulary and terminology.
Materials and Methods: This is a quantitative research that is based on literature review. The population of the study consists of 55 articles published in valid national scientific journals on the review of medical scientific products of Iran in Web of Science.
Results: The findings show that during 2006-2016, about 35 articles reviewed the scientific outputs of medical universities and the others examined the scientific outputs of a particular subject area, among which pharmaceutical and surgical fields had the most studies. Some 60.6% of the studies were published by specialists in the field of knowledge and information science, and 39.4% by medical specialists. Among universities, Iran University of Medical Sciences, and among individuals, Hafez Mohammad Hassanzadeh Asfijani were recognized as the most prolific. Most researches have been published using Scientometric Approach, and among scientific software, Pajek has been used more. Among the published articles, those with two and three authors were the most.
Conclusion: The articles have been quantitative, and mentioning various methods indicates a kind of confusion in the choice of vocabulary and terminology.
Vahid Changizi, Fereidoun Mianji, Fereshteh Ghaderbeygizad, Fereshteh Mohammadi,
Volume 12, Issue 5 (Dec & Jan 2019)
Volume 12, Issue 5 (Dec & Jan 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Coronary angiography (CA) is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure for cardiac complexity, that has a high dose and high fluoroscopy time. The effective dose of eye lens as a radiosensitive organ in long-term exposure to CA must be evaluated.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with Siemens under-bed machine in Imam Hossein Hospital of Mehran, Ilam Province of Iran, in January and February 2016. In this study, TLD was used as personal dosimeter. To measure the effective doses, TLD was put on the external side of cardiologists’ eyes under lead glasses. Data were analyzed by spss22 at a significant level (p<0.05).
Results: The mean fluoroscopy time in the radial route was 3.17±2.11 and in the femoral route was 12.65±6.97 minutes (p=0.003). The mean effective doses of cardiologists’ right and left eyes in radial and femoral angiography were 0.003, 0.005 (p=0.02) and 0.008, 0.011 (p=0.748), respectively. The mean effective dose of eye lens in the use of radial route was obtained less than that of femoral route. The mean effective doses in right and left eyes were not significantly different in the use of radial and femoral routes.
Conclusion: Fluoroscopy time and the distance of source are the main factors of more radiation on cardiologists.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with Siemens under-bed machine in Imam Hossein Hospital of Mehran, Ilam Province of Iran, in January and February 2016. In this study, TLD was used as personal dosimeter. To measure the effective doses, TLD was put on the external side of cardiologists’ eyes under lead glasses. Data were analyzed by spss22 at a significant level (p<0.05).
Results: The mean fluoroscopy time in the radial route was 3.17±2.11 and in the femoral route was 12.65±6.97 minutes (p=0.003). The mean effective doses of cardiologists’ right and left eyes in radial and femoral angiography were 0.003, 0.005 (p=0.02) and 0.008, 0.011 (p=0.748), respectively. The mean effective dose of eye lens in the use of radial route was obtained less than that of femoral route. The mean effective doses in right and left eyes were not significantly different in the use of radial and femoral routes.
Conclusion: Fluoroscopy time and the distance of source are the main factors of more radiation on cardiologists.
Peyman Yousefi, Shahrbano Rostami, Nasrin Alizadeh Ghandfurosh, Saeed Mohammadi, Mohsen Nikbakht, Laya Ghadyaninejhad, Bahram Chahardouli,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (Jun & Jul 2019)
Volume 13, Issue 2 (Jun & Jul 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Chronic myeloid leukemia(CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disease, characterized by BCR/ABL translocation. Using tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as Imatinib, treatment for this disease has progressed remarkably. However, resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor is a major obstacle. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) is an important transcription factor in proliferation and survival of several cancers. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of STAT3 and its role in drug resistant CML patients treated with Imatinib.
Materials and Methods: Peripheral blood was collected from 71 CML patients in different phases of the disease and 10 healthy individuals. After extracting RNA and synthesizing cDNA, expression of STAT3 gene was measured using Real-Time PCR technique. The expression of STAT3 was normalized to ABL control gene. Then expression levels were compared with the control group.
Results: The results showed that expression of STAT3 in the diagnostic stage was significantly higher than healthy individuals(p=0.0001). STAT3 expression was not significantly different from MMR and the control group. STAT3 expression was significantly higher in non-mutated and mutated ABL kinase domain Imatinib resistant patients as compared to patitents in MMR stage (p=0.0014 & p=0.003). This difference was not significant between the two resistant groups. Blastic phase patients had no significant difference in the expression of STAT3 with the control group.
Conclusion: Considering the results of this study and the role of STAT3 in cell proliferation and survival, the targeting of STAT3 seems to be an effective option in the treatment of resistant patients.
Materials and Methods: Peripheral blood was collected from 71 CML patients in different phases of the disease and 10 healthy individuals. After extracting RNA and synthesizing cDNA, expression of STAT3 gene was measured using Real-Time PCR technique. The expression of STAT3 was normalized to ABL control gene. Then expression levels were compared with the control group.
Results: The results showed that expression of STAT3 in the diagnostic stage was significantly higher than healthy individuals(p=0.0001). STAT3 expression was not significantly different from MMR and the control group. STAT3 expression was significantly higher in non-mutated and mutated ABL kinase domain Imatinib resistant patients as compared to patitents in MMR stage (p=0.0014 & p=0.003). This difference was not significant between the two resistant groups. Blastic phase patients had no significant difference in the expression of STAT3 with the control group.
Conclusion: Considering the results of this study and the role of STAT3 in cell proliferation and survival, the targeting of STAT3 seems to be an effective option in the treatment of resistant patients.
Aeen Mohammadi, Rita Mojtahedzadeh, Afzal Shamsi,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (Oct & Nov 2019)
Volume 13, Issue 4 (Oct & Nov 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Students' academic achievement is one of the important indicators in evaluating the educational system. Emotional intelligence is one of the success factors in educational environments that can predict success in different aspects of life.The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement in students of Anesthesiology and Operating Room of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 140 people of anesthesiology students and operating room of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2018. The samples were selected by available method. The instrument consisted of two demographic questionnaires and the Bradbury and Graves' standard questionnaire for emotional intelligence. In order to measure academic achievement, the average score of the whole course of the students was used. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and P<0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a significant positive correlation between academic achievement and total emotional intelligence(r=0.554) and all its dimensions(self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and relationship management)(P=0.000). The mean score of emotional intelligence in female students(114.11±11.40) was higher than that of male students(113.39±12.57)(P=0.887).
Conclusion: The mean score of students' emotional intelligence and its dimensions was in a desired level. There was a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence and all aspects of it with academic achievement. Therefore, it is essential for the authorities to plan for the improvement of the level of emotional intelligence for the students' academic achievement.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 140 people of anesthesiology students and operating room of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2018. The samples were selected by available method. The instrument consisted of two demographic questionnaires and the Bradbury and Graves' standard questionnaire for emotional intelligence. In order to measure academic achievement, the average score of the whole course of the students was used. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and P<0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a significant positive correlation between academic achievement and total emotional intelligence(r=0.554) and all its dimensions(self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and relationship management)(P=0.000). The mean score of emotional intelligence in female students(114.11±11.40) was higher than that of male students(113.39±12.57)(P=0.887).
Conclusion: The mean score of students' emotional intelligence and its dimensions was in a desired level. There was a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence and all aspects of it with academic achievement. Therefore, it is essential for the authorities to plan for the improvement of the level of emotional intelligence for the students' academic achievement.
Rasoul Alinejad, Mahdi Yousefi, Hossein Ebrahimipoor, Ali Taghipour, Amin Mohammadi,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (Jun & Jul 2020)
Volume 14, Issue 2 (Jun & Jul 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The efficiency and effectiveness of any organization depend greatly on proper and effective management and use of human resources. Due to the importance of activities and the motivation of personnel fighting against diseases, as well as the high share of personnel costs in total health expenditures, the use of appropriate methods to determine their workload is important.
Materials and Methods: The present research is a descriptive and applied study, conducted in two quantitative and qualitative dimensions. The research environment was the urban-rural health centers of Savadkuh health network. During the process of calculating the workload, the steps were: identifying activities, correcting and approving activities, determining the percentage of acceptable unemployment, calculating standard time, determining the number of repetitions, calculating work units, determining the workload, and determining the required manpower.
Results: Activities in the field of fighting against diseases were identified and organized in the form of 77 activities. By taking the frequency of each activity into account, the total time of these activities in one month was equal to 10273 work units. The main activities related to vaccine injection and registration of vaccinated specifications in relevant offices and forms included 137 and 115 work units, respectively.
Conclusion: Determining the workload of different health care fields by using this study method creates the potential to estimate the number of manpower required to give all predicted services, and has the potential to reduce the demand for surplus labor and increase employees’ tendency to give more services, if used in current structures.
Materials and Methods: The present research is a descriptive and applied study, conducted in two quantitative and qualitative dimensions. The research environment was the urban-rural health centers of Savadkuh health network. During the process of calculating the workload, the steps were: identifying activities, correcting and approving activities, determining the percentage of acceptable unemployment, calculating standard time, determining the number of repetitions, calculating work units, determining the workload, and determining the required manpower.
Results: Activities in the field of fighting against diseases were identified and organized in the form of 77 activities. By taking the frequency of each activity into account, the total time of these activities in one month was equal to 10273 work units. The main activities related to vaccine injection and registration of vaccinated specifications in relevant offices and forms included 137 and 115 work units, respectively.
Conclusion: Determining the workload of different health care fields by using this study method creates the potential to estimate the number of manpower required to give all predicted services, and has the potential to reduce the demand for surplus labor and increase employees’ tendency to give more services, if used in current structures.
Haleh Mohammadiha, Gholam Reza Memarzadeh, Parham Azimi,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (Aug & Sep 2021)
Volume 15, Issue 3 (Aug & Sep 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Health systems have played an important role in improving and increasing life expectancy. However, there is a large gap between health systems’ potential and their current performance, most of which relate to governance issues. The purpose of this study is to provide a model for improving the governance of the country's health system.
Materials and Methods: The present study is applied-developmental in terms of purpose. After reviewing the theoretical foundations and previous research, the governance strategies of the health system were identified. Then, using Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) and surveying 13 academic and executive experts who were purposefully selected, the research model was designed. Finally, in order to validate the model, 169 managers and specialists of health system departments in Tehran were interviewed with a questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) and SmartPLS software. At this stage, the sampling method was available and the sample size was calculated by Cochran's method.
Results: According to the research findings, in order to promote health governance, 10 main strategies and 58 sub-strategies should be considered. Identified strategies include strategic orientation, optimal financial resource management, stakeholder partnership development, knowledge resource development, administrative health promotion, technical knowledge development, value and ethical orientation, executive and operational platform development, Service delivery capacity management and Balanced and integrated stewardship. Also, the coefficient of determination for the outcome variable is 0.549 and the intensity of the effect of intervening/ facilitating and contextual factors on governance strategies is equal to 0.610 and 0.533, respectively.
Conclusion: The results showed that the governance of the health system is a multifaceted and complex phenomenon and in order to improve it, a set of strategies must be implemented. In addition, it is suggested that according to the issues and threats facing the health system, a roadmap and a long-term plan should be developed in order to move towards the governance model proposed in the present study.
Materials and Methods: The present study is applied-developmental in terms of purpose. After reviewing the theoretical foundations and previous research, the governance strategies of the health system were identified. Then, using Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) and surveying 13 academic and executive experts who were purposefully selected, the research model was designed. Finally, in order to validate the model, 169 managers and specialists of health system departments in Tehran were interviewed with a questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) and SmartPLS software. At this stage, the sampling method was available and the sample size was calculated by Cochran's method.
Results: According to the research findings, in order to promote health governance, 10 main strategies and 58 sub-strategies should be considered. Identified strategies include strategic orientation, optimal financial resource management, stakeholder partnership development, knowledge resource development, administrative health promotion, technical knowledge development, value and ethical orientation, executive and operational platform development, Service delivery capacity management and Balanced and integrated stewardship. Also, the coefficient of determination for the outcome variable is 0.549 and the intensity of the effect of intervening/ facilitating and contextual factors on governance strategies is equal to 0.610 and 0.533, respectively.
Conclusion: The results showed that the governance of the health system is a multifaceted and complex phenomenon and in order to improve it, a set of strategies must be implemented. In addition, it is suggested that according to the issues and threats facing the health system, a roadmap and a long-term plan should be developed in order to move towards the governance model proposed in the present study.
Vahid Changizi, Maryam Mohammadi, Samaneh Baradaran, Mehran Taheri,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (oct & Nov 2021)
Volume 15, Issue 4 (oct & Nov 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: On panoramic radiographs, sensitive organs, including the thyroid, are exposed to radiation. Thyroid cancer is one of the most common cancers in Iran. That is why, in this study the effective dose and risk of thyroid cancer were estimated on panoramic radiography.
Materials and Methods: Seventy GR200 thermoluminescence (TLD) dosimeters were used to estimate the absorbed dose of thyroid. The dosimeters were calibrated and placed on the patients’ necks during panoramic radiography. After dosimeters were read, the mean absorbed dose and effective thyroid dose were calculated in three groups with different radiation conditions. Lifetime Attributable Risk (LAR) of thyroid cancer was estimated using the model presented in the BEIR VII report. GraphPad Prism statistical software was used to analyze the data.
Results: The mean absorbed dose of thyroid lobes in groups M, L, XL (According to mandibular size) was estimated to be 0.116±0.01, 0.123±0.04 and 0.03±0.134 mg, respectively. The right thyroid lobe in group XL with absorption dose of 0.143±0.05 mg and the left lobe in group M with absorption dose of 0.106±0.03 mg had the highest and the lowest absorption doses, respectively. The difference between the absorbed doses of the right and left thyroid lobes in any of the three groups was not statistically significant. Thyroid absorption doses in these three groups were not statistically significant. The highest risk of thyroid cancer in the age range of 15-60 years was related to the age of 15, which was estimated to be 0.238 in women and 0.042 in men per 100,000 people.
Conclusion: In lower ages and among women, the risk of thyroid cancer is higher than that of men. Also, due to the impossibility of limiting thyroid radiation in panoramic radiography using lead thyroid collar that causes metal artifacts, we should reduce the number of panoramic radiographs as much as possible, especially at lower ages.
Materials and Methods: Seventy GR200 thermoluminescence (TLD) dosimeters were used to estimate the absorbed dose of thyroid. The dosimeters were calibrated and placed on the patients’ necks during panoramic radiography. After dosimeters were read, the mean absorbed dose and effective thyroid dose were calculated in three groups with different radiation conditions. Lifetime Attributable Risk (LAR) of thyroid cancer was estimated using the model presented in the BEIR VII report. GraphPad Prism statistical software was used to analyze the data.
Results: The mean absorbed dose of thyroid lobes in groups M, L, XL (According to mandibular size) was estimated to be 0.116±0.01, 0.123±0.04 and 0.03±0.134 mg, respectively. The right thyroid lobe in group XL with absorption dose of 0.143±0.05 mg and the left lobe in group M with absorption dose of 0.106±0.03 mg had the highest and the lowest absorption doses, respectively. The difference between the absorbed doses of the right and left thyroid lobes in any of the three groups was not statistically significant. Thyroid absorption doses in these three groups were not statistically significant. The highest risk of thyroid cancer in the age range of 15-60 years was related to the age of 15, which was estimated to be 0.238 in women and 0.042 in men per 100,000 people.
Conclusion: In lower ages and among women, the risk of thyroid cancer is higher than that of men. Also, due to the impossibility of limiting thyroid radiation in panoramic radiography using lead thyroid collar that causes metal artifacts, we should reduce the number of panoramic radiographs as much as possible, especially at lower ages.
Moslem Soleymanpor, Mohamad Taghi Amini, Yazdan Shirmohammadi, Ali Shahnazari,
Volume 15, Issue 5 (Dec 2021 & Jan 2022)
Volume 15, Issue 5 (Dec 2021 & Jan 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: With the global expansion of Covid 19, the tourism industry has faced one of its biggest operational, commercial and financial crises, and most of the source-destination interactions have been suspended and have changed the view of the host community and their interactions with tourists. The purpose of this study is to provide a model for tourism development during the Covid 19 crisis and beyond.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using a combined (qualitative-quantitative) research approach. First, in a qualitative method with the data foundation approach, interviews with academic experts and managers and activists of the tourism industry in East and West Azerbaijan Provinces, and using purposeful and theoretical sampling, 18 people were selected to the point of information saturation. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to collect data. Data extracted from interviews were encoded by open, axial and selective coding. Then, to fit and test the obtained model in the second step (quantitative part), the method of structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis were used.
Results: The final model consists of a total of 66 concepts extracted from the interviews, in the form of 14 categories and contextual categories, causal conditions, interventional conditions, strategies and finally, consequences and results of tourism entrepreneurship in pandemic crises and all of them affect this model. Based on the results of combined reliability, extracted variance, model determination coefficient and goodness-of-fit index, the drawn model in the field of path analysis has good experimental-theoretical assumptions and has a very good fit. Based on the obtained path coefficients, it can be concluded that the intervention conditions had the most and the causal conditions had the least impact on the strategic model of the tourism industry in pandemic crises.
Conclusion: Results indicate that strategies such as virtual tourism development, crisis management in the tourism industry, the development of domestic tourism by emphasizing the observance of health protocols and focusing on the development of tourism infrastructure, leads to the realization of consequences such as the maintenance and prosperity of tourism businesses, strengthening the tourism industry and creating a new tourism market for the post-corona era.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using a combined (qualitative-quantitative) research approach. First, in a qualitative method with the data foundation approach, interviews with academic experts and managers and activists of the tourism industry in East and West Azerbaijan Provinces, and using purposeful and theoretical sampling, 18 people were selected to the point of information saturation. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to collect data. Data extracted from interviews were encoded by open, axial and selective coding. Then, to fit and test the obtained model in the second step (quantitative part), the method of structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis were used.
Results: The final model consists of a total of 66 concepts extracted from the interviews, in the form of 14 categories and contextual categories, causal conditions, interventional conditions, strategies and finally, consequences and results of tourism entrepreneurship in pandemic crises and all of them affect this model. Based on the results of combined reliability, extracted variance, model determination coefficient and goodness-of-fit index, the drawn model in the field of path analysis has good experimental-theoretical assumptions and has a very good fit. Based on the obtained path coefficients, it can be concluded that the intervention conditions had the most and the causal conditions had the least impact on the strategic model of the tourism industry in pandemic crises.
Conclusion: Results indicate that strategies such as virtual tourism development, crisis management in the tourism industry, the development of domestic tourism by emphasizing the observance of health protocols and focusing on the development of tourism infrastructure, leads to the realization of consequences such as the maintenance and prosperity of tourism businesses, strengthening the tourism industry and creating a new tourism market for the post-corona era.
Mostafa Roshanzadeh, Mina Shirvani, Ali Tajabadi, Mohammad Hossein Khalilzadeh, Somayeh Mohammadi,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (Jun 2022)
Volume 16, Issue 2 (Jun 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Clinical learning is an important part of the health field, where the student interacts with the environment and applies the learned concepts in practice. Clinical environments such as operating rooms are challenging for students due to their special complexity and can have a negative impact on their learning process. In order to identify students ‘learning challenges in the operating room environment, the present study was conducted to explain students’ experiences in the field of clinical learning challenges.
Materials and Methods: The present qualitative study was performed by contract content analysis method in 2022 in Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. Fourteen surgical technology students were purposefully selected and data were collected using in-depth semi-structured individual and group interviews and analyzed using the Granheim and Landman approaches.
Results: The participants were interviewed over a period of 5 months. 9 face-to-face interviews were conducted with 14 participants. There were 6 individual interviews and 3 group interviews. The average duration of the interview was 30 minutes. The interviews continued until data saturation and when no new themes or categories were obtained from the interviews. The findings included a theme of “unfavorable learning environment” and three categories of “confusion in learning educational content, improper professional behavior of staff and insufficient self-confidence”. The main challenge that students faced in the field of clinical learning was the unfavorable learning environment. Conditions such as confusion in learning educational content, improper professional behavior of staff and insufficient self-confidence experienced by the students in the operating room, cause the students to find the learning atmosphere in the operating room unfavorable.
Conclusion: Improving the behavior and performance of staff and physicians in accordance with the standards of professional and ethical behavior and its regular evaluation from the perspective of students and other colleagues can play an effective role in maintaining professional conditions. Also, using experienced instructors who have the role of facilitating communication and learning of students in the operating room environment will play an effective role in reducing fear and controlling inappropriate behaviors of staff towards students. Educational officials are advised to solve the existing problems in order to improve the educational atmosphere of the operating room.
Materials and Methods: The present qualitative study was performed by contract content analysis method in 2022 in Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. Fourteen surgical technology students were purposefully selected and data were collected using in-depth semi-structured individual and group interviews and analyzed using the Granheim and Landman approaches.
Results: The participants were interviewed over a period of 5 months. 9 face-to-face interviews were conducted with 14 participants. There were 6 individual interviews and 3 group interviews. The average duration of the interview was 30 minutes. The interviews continued until data saturation and when no new themes or categories were obtained from the interviews. The findings included a theme of “unfavorable learning environment” and three categories of “confusion in learning educational content, improper professional behavior of staff and insufficient self-confidence”. The main challenge that students faced in the field of clinical learning was the unfavorable learning environment. Conditions such as confusion in learning educational content, improper professional behavior of staff and insufficient self-confidence experienced by the students in the operating room, cause the students to find the learning atmosphere in the operating room unfavorable.
Conclusion: Improving the behavior and performance of staff and physicians in accordance with the standards of professional and ethical behavior and its regular evaluation from the perspective of students and other colleagues can play an effective role in maintaining professional conditions. Also, using experienced instructors who have the role of facilitating communication and learning of students in the operating room environment will play an effective role in reducing fear and controlling inappropriate behaviors of staff towards students. Educational officials are advised to solve the existing problems in order to improve the educational atmosphere of the operating room.
Fahimeh Hasanzadeh, Ali Aghajanloo, Dr Mohammadreza Dinmohammadi,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (Oct 2022)
Volume 16, Issue 4 (Oct 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The most recent threat to the global community is the ongoing outbreak of the disease known as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Taking personal protection measures (PPM) is crucial to prevent the spread of COVID-19. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting the acceptance of PPM among patients before having COVID-19 admitted to hospitals in northwestern of Iran.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 560 eligible patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 were selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected from January 6 to May 21, 2021, through a researcher-made questionnaire and were analyzed with descriptive statistics (number, percentage, mean, standard deviation), independent t-test, and multiple linear regression by SPSS. A significance level of 5% was selected.
Results: The average age of the participants was 60.1 (16.01) years with an age range of 21 to 95 years. Most of the participants were male (53.9%) and married (91.8%). The mean score of PPM acceptance among patients was 16.55 (2.59) out of 20 points. Multiple linear regression analysis determined employment status (β=0.29, P<0.001), residency (β=-0.19, P<0.001), education level (β=0.11, P=0.048), smoking (β=-0.10, P=0.03) and income level (β=0.13, P=0.01), as predictors of acceptance of PPM. Other personal and occupational variables, including age, gender, marriage, living status, having children, and history of influenza vaccination, were not found to be effective in predicting the acceptance of personal protection measures among participating patients.
Conclusion: The acceptance of personal protection measures among patients was relatively high. Acceptance of the unemployed, rural residents, illiterate, smokers, and those with low-income level was low. This study emphasizes the need to pay attention to the changes in the individual, social and economic characteristics of the community and their effects on preventive health behaviors, especially in vulnerable groups.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 560 eligible patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 were selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected from January 6 to May 21, 2021, through a researcher-made questionnaire and were analyzed with descriptive statistics (number, percentage, mean, standard deviation), independent t-test, and multiple linear regression by SPSS. A significance level of 5% was selected.
Results: The average age of the participants was 60.1 (16.01) years with an age range of 21 to 95 years. Most of the participants were male (53.9%) and married (91.8%). The mean score of PPM acceptance among patients was 16.55 (2.59) out of 20 points. Multiple linear regression analysis determined employment status (β=0.29, P<0.001), residency (β=-0.19, P<0.001), education level (β=0.11, P=0.048), smoking (β=-0.10, P=0.03) and income level (β=0.13, P=0.01), as predictors of acceptance of PPM. Other personal and occupational variables, including age, gender, marriage, living status, having children, and history of influenza vaccination, were not found to be effective in predicting the acceptance of personal protection measures among participating patients.
Conclusion: The acceptance of personal protection measures among patients was relatively high. Acceptance of the unemployed, rural residents, illiterate, smokers, and those with low-income level was low. This study emphasizes the need to pay attention to the changes in the individual, social and economic characteristics of the community and their effects on preventive health behaviors, especially in vulnerable groups.
Fatemeh Setoodehzadeh, Azar Abolpur, Kosar Rezaei, Mehdi Mohammadi, Mohammad Khammarnia, Farnaz Keykhah, Mostafa Peyvand,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (8-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 3 (8-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Children’s health is important as the future builders of society. Many children under 5 years of age around the world and in Iran have growth disorders. Due to the importance of growth disorder and its impact on the development, learning and future of the child, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the frequency of deviations from the growth curves of children under 5 years of age and related factors in Zahedan city.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted in 2020 in Zahedan. The study population included all children under 5 years old, born in Zahedan between 2013 and 2020 that 784 of whom were selected by random sampling method. To determine the factors related to growth disorder multiple logistic regression analysis was used and to check the significance level, chi-square test and Pearson correlation were used. In this research, the data were analyzed with SPSS software.
Results: The results of this research showed that 54% of the boys and 51.20% of the girls had growth disorders. Between child growth disorder and maternal chronic disease (P<0.05), maternal body mass index (P<0.05), Maternal weight gain during pregnancy (P<0.05), distance between births (P<0.05) maternal urinary tract infection during pregnancy (P<0.05), mother’s age (P=0.006), mother’s education (P<0.05), birth weight (P<0.001), birth order (P<0.05), father’s occupation (P<0.05) and father’s education (P<0.05) a significant association was found. In the present study, the average birth weight in children with growth disorders was 2.75±0.58 and in healthy children was 2.95±0.57, and this difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). The average age of mothers of children with growth disorders was 29.19±6.07 and the average age of mothers of healthy children was 27.98±6.10, this difference was statistically significant (P=0.006).
Conclusion: Growth disorder is a multi-causal complication. Risk factors can be corrected and prevented by developing health education and increasing mothers’ awareness and knowledge. Also, the father’s job and literacy are effective in the child’s growth disorder, so Increasing community health literacy and encouraging fathers’ learning and literacy can partially prevent growth disorders in children.
Maryam Bahrami, Somayeh Mohammadi, Mostafa Roshanzadeh, Samaneh Dehghan Abnavi, Ali Taj, Fatemeh Maraki,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (10-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 4 (10-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Operating room students have experienced anxiety for various reasons that affect their educational process such as stitching. Due to the effective role of simulation in improving the education of students, this study was conducted with the aim of the effect of animal skin suturing simulation on the skill level and anxiety level of operating room students.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 people (75%) of the samples were aged 18-25 and 10 people (25%) of them were 26-35. 10 people (25%) were men and 30 people (75%) were women. Also, in terms of marriage, 7 people (17.5%) were married and 33 people (82.5%) were single. The present quasi-experimental study was performed with a two-group plan before and after with 40 operating room students of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences (Shahrekord, Broujen) in 2020. The samples were randomly assigned to two test and control groups using the method based on the purpose of selection. Data were collected before and after the intervention by Spielberger Anxiety Tool and Suturing Skills Questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS software and descriptive and analytical statistical tests (Chi-square test, t-test, paired t-test).
Results: The t-test test showed that the mean of obvious anxiety in the intervention group (36.35±10.22) and the control group (41.15±7.92) after the intervention was not significant (P=0.346). Also, the mean hidden anxiety in the intervention group (36.65±10.47) and the control group (38.65±6.13) had no significant difference (P=0.089). The t-test test showed that there was a significant difference in sewing skills after the intervention in the two intervention groups (28.2±58.22) and the control group (23.42±3.12) (P=0.04).
Conclusion: The texture of suture mannequins is very different from human skin in terms of consistency, and it does not convey the same feeling of sutures on natural skin to students. On the other hand, it is easier to enter and exit and move the needle and thread in the sheepskin, and this provides the students with the possibility of stitching more easily. Therefore, it is suggested to buy and prepare sheep skin for training students and teach them stitches on it.
Aeen Mohammadi, Fatemeh Manafi, Farangis Shoghi Shafagh Aria, Rita Mojtahedzadeh,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (10-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 4 (10-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Social accountability is defined as identifying social problems and needs, planning for resolving them and evaluating the effect of the plans. Considering the vital role in providing public health, the universities of medical sciences are the most important ones for fulfilling this mission and directing their education, research and service activities toward addressing health concerns of the community. Despite of these attempts, social accountability has not realized completely and satisfying yet. The aim of this study was exploring factors affecting social accountability and community-based medical education in universities of medical sciences from Iran’s educational development authorities’ view point.
Materials and Methods: This was a qualitative study performed by Education Development Center of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education in November 2022. Participants were 68 managers of Education Development Centers and 323 managers of Education Development Offices of schools and hospitals of universities of medical sciences in Iran. Participants were assigned to 8 focus groups. Conventional content analysis was used to extract the categories and subcategories.
Results: At the first step 541 codes were extracted which were integrated in to 86 ones after defining similarities. These codes then were categorized into 18 sub-categories and 6 categories, namely “Curriculum” including: curriculum revision, approaches, credits and longitudinal themes and new disciplines, “Community-based education” including: educational fields and creating the foundation, “Students” including: students as teacher, educating students and graduates, “Faculty members” including: faculty members’ services, motivation and compensation and administration, “Evaluation” including: student assessment and program evaluation, and “Management” including: management and leadership, organizations, Interdepartmental communication and research.
Conclusion: In this study a comprehensive collection of factors affecting SA in universities of medical sciences were identified and categorized. These factors that are compatible with medical education context in Iran can be used by top managers and educational administrators as a framework for short and long-term planning.
Zahra Khaje, Kamran Yazdani, Ibrahim Abdollahpour, Mohsen Mohammadi, Saharnaz Nedjat,
Volume 17, Issue 5 (12-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 5 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Alzheimer’s is a chronic disease that causes cognitive disabilities, thinking, personality changes and disruptions in daily activities. Due to these disorders, patients need long-term care. Most care for Alzheimer’s patients is done at home by family members, which makes home caregivers mentally, physically, emotionally, socially and financially vulnerable. Health personnel have a key role to play in providing information and guidance and helping the family control these conditions. The purpose of this study was to examines the level of knowledge and attitude of health workers and determines the related factors.
Materials and Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study to evaluate the level of knowledge and attitude of health workers about Alzheimer’s disease and its related factors. All 260 health workers of Gorgan and Kordkuy districts were studied by census method to assess their knowledge and attitude about Alzheimer’s disease and its related factors. ANOVA and T-tests were used to determine the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. Variables whose significant level of correlation with response variable was less than 0.2 in bivariate analysis were entered into the regression model and finally multiple linear regression was used to determine the factors related to level of knowledge and attitude.
Results: The mean level of knowledge was 46.73% (95% CI, 45.46 to 48.16) and the mean level of attitude was 55.61% (95% CI, 54.63 to 56.74). The results show that those with a history of previous education, a history of caring for Alzheimer’s patients, a higher level of work experience in the health care system, and having a female gender and be married have higher levels of knowledge and those with a history of previous education and Sistani descent had a higher attitude.
Conclusion: In general, the mean level of knowledge was 46.73(0-100) and the mean level of attitude was 55.61(0-100). Factors such as: gender, work history in the health system, history of participating in educational workshops, history of caring for sick patients, and marital status were related to the level of knowledge and factors such as ethnicity and history of participating in the training workshop were related to the level of attitude of the health care providers.
Reza Dehkhodaei, Mazyar Karamali, Mohammad Mohammadian, Mohammadkarim Bahadori, Mohsen Abbasifarajzadeh,
Volume 17, Issue 6 (2-2024)
Volume 17, Issue 6 (2-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Considering the importance of knowledge management in the current era and the emphasis on the implementation of knowledge management in the health system in the knowledge management system of the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education, and since it is one of the first steps in the implementation of knowledge management, Drawing the knowledge tree of the organization, the purpose of the current research is to review the process of publishing the knowledge tree and examine it in the field of health.
Materials and Methods: The current research is a type of applied and descriptive review study that was carried out with the method of scientometrics and co-occurrence analysis of keywords. For this purpose, the term “Knowledge tree” OR “knowledge trees” was searched in Scopus reference database. For data analysis, the analyzes provided by the database itself were used, and VOSviewer software was used to visualize the data.
Results: The growth of scientific productions related to the field of the tree of knowledge in general in the mentioned base has started since 1979 and has had a growing trend until 2023. In the field of knowledge tree, among the authors Yang, Y, among the organizations, machine intelligence institute, iona college, and among the countries, China, America, and England have been at the top of the most productive in this field. Among the subjects, the most related articles are primarily related to the field of computer science (32.2 percent) and then to the field of engineering (22.1 percent) and mathematics (10.1 percent), which is significant. that medicine is in the sixth place and this is a sign of the weakness of producing resources in this field and the clustering resulting from the co-occurrence of keywords led to the identification of five clusters respectively with the titles of data mining and information processing, artificial intelligence and expert systems. , knowledge structure and decision support systems, semantics and knowledge representation, and finally learning and teaching systems.
Conclusion: The study of the thematic structure of scientific productions in the field of Knowledge Tree showed that the field of health has a weakness in the production of resources in this field. Therefore, it is necessary for future researches to pay special attention to the development and explanation of this concept and modeling its drawing, especially in the health system, in order to identify and prevent diseases.
Marziyeh Najafi, Roya Rajaee, Hojjat Rahmani, Behrooz Pouragha, Nazanin Sheikh Mohammadi, Ghasem Rajabi Vasokolaei,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (3-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 1 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Patient falls are common in hospitals, leading to financial loss and potential harm to patients, staff, and the organization. They can often be prevented with proper planning. This study aims to identify strategies to prevent patient falls and provide evidence to develop safety initiatives.
Materials and Methods: Our review used the Arksey and O’Malley scoping review model to identify strategies for preventing patient falls. We conducted searches with relevant keywords in the PubMed and Web of Science databases until May 25, 2024. In the final stage, we consulted with 18 experts using the Delphi method to gather their opinions. The data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method.
Results: Out of the 4202 studies initially found, 19 articles were chosen. The solutions to prevent patient falls can be grouped into six general categories: planning (which includes quality improvement programs, establishment of patient safety culture, patient fall prevention guidelines and programs), physical space (involving patient room design and the location of treatment staff), equipment (such as monitoring and alarms, pressure sensors, and standard beds), human resources (including communication networks between nurses and other treatment staff, as well as factors like self-efficacy and responsiveness of nurses, and their motivation and job satisfaction), training (covering education and patient participation, training of nurses and treatment staff, and electronic training), and control of executive processes (involving evaluation of risk factors and process control). The highest level of agreement among the members was on the equipment dimension (9.76), and the lowest was on the human resources dimension (8.65).
Conclusion: Patient falls are a common safety concern in hospitals and can be prevented with proper planning. Each hospital should use a combination of prevention methods tailored to its specific conditions.
Materials and Methods: Our review used the Arksey and O’Malley scoping review model to identify strategies for preventing patient falls. We conducted searches with relevant keywords in the PubMed and Web of Science databases until May 25, 2024. In the final stage, we consulted with 18 experts using the Delphi method to gather their opinions. The data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method.
Results: Out of the 4202 studies initially found, 19 articles were chosen. The solutions to prevent patient falls can be grouped into six general categories: planning (which includes quality improvement programs, establishment of patient safety culture, patient fall prevention guidelines and programs), physical space (involving patient room design and the location of treatment staff), equipment (such as monitoring and alarms, pressure sensors, and standard beds), human resources (including communication networks between nurses and other treatment staff, as well as factors like self-efficacy and responsiveness of nurses, and their motivation and job satisfaction), training (covering education and patient participation, training of nurses and treatment staff, and electronic training), and control of executive processes (involving evaluation of risk factors and process control). The highest level of agreement among the members was on the equipment dimension (9.76), and the lowest was on the human resources dimension (8.65).
Conclusion: Patient falls are a common safety concern in hospitals and can be prevented with proper planning. Each hospital should use a combination of prevention methods tailored to its specific conditions.
Fahimeh Mohammadi, Maryam Shekofteh, Maryam Kazerani,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (7-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 3 (7-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The growth and development of scientific fields depends on correct and accurate planning and a general and comprehensive understanding of the structure of these fields. Scientific maps are a type of scientometric methods that help to understand the current state of scientific fields and reveal their internal structure. The aim of the present study is to analyze co-authorship and word co-occurrence maps of scientific publications of Iran in the field of endocrinology and metabolism.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional scientometrics study. The research population is all scientific publications of Iran in the field of Endocrinology and Metabolism on the Web of Science. The co-authorship and co-word maps were analyzed using VOSviewer, Gephi, and NodeXL software. Network analysis was done using social network analysis indicators. Thematic clusters and emerging subjects were also identified through the examination of word co-occurrence networks.
Results: The total scientific publications of Iran in the field of endocrinology and metabolism on the Web of Science was 4847 documents. The co-authorship network is a type of sparse network. The value of the cluster coefficient of this network was 0.212 and its diameter was 11. The average degree of the co-authorship network (6.62) shows that each node is connected with about 6 other nodes on average. The diameter of the co-authorship network is 11. The most productive and influential outhors are Azizi F and Larijani B. Six thematic clusters were identified in the word co-occurrence network, the largest one is oxidative stress and gene expression, followed by the obesity and diabetes cluster. The word “autoimmunity” is one of the emerging words in this field.
Conclusion: Iran’s research in the field of Endocrinology and Metabolism shows an increasing trend, but there is little cooperation between the authors of the field. Their co-authorship networks are sparse, and the authors’ tendency to form clusters is low. Therefore, planning is needed to increase scientific cooperation and the density of networks. It is suggested that the researchers of this field pay attention to the thematic clusters of the co-word network and emerging subjects in the design of their future research.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional scientometrics study. The research population is all scientific publications of Iran in the field of Endocrinology and Metabolism on the Web of Science. The co-authorship and co-word maps were analyzed using VOSviewer, Gephi, and NodeXL software. Network analysis was done using social network analysis indicators. Thematic clusters and emerging subjects were also identified through the examination of word co-occurrence networks.
Results: The total scientific publications of Iran in the field of endocrinology and metabolism on the Web of Science was 4847 documents. The co-authorship network is a type of sparse network. The value of the cluster coefficient of this network was 0.212 and its diameter was 11. The average degree of the co-authorship network (6.62) shows that each node is connected with about 6 other nodes on average. The diameter of the co-authorship network is 11. The most productive and influential outhors are Azizi F and Larijani B. Six thematic clusters were identified in the word co-occurrence network, the largest one is oxidative stress and gene expression, followed by the obesity and diabetes cluster. The word “autoimmunity” is one of the emerging words in this field.
Conclusion: Iran’s research in the field of Endocrinology and Metabolism shows an increasing trend, but there is little cooperation between the authors of the field. Their co-authorship networks are sparse, and the authors’ tendency to form clusters is low. Therefore, planning is needed to increase scientific cooperation and the density of networks. It is suggested that the researchers of this field pay attention to the thematic clusters of the co-word network and emerging subjects in the design of their future research.
Zohre Abbaszade Molaei, Aeen Mohammadi, Manijeh Hooshmandja,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (11-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 5 (11-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: With the advancement of information technology in the new century, changes are experienced in all aspects of life. One of the reflections of these changes in education is conducting exams electronically instead of paper-and-pencil examinations. The success of virtual education is not achievable without considering the students’ viewpoints towards it. This study aimed to investigate the attitude and performance of students in online exams and their relationship with academic achievement.
Materials and Methods: This research is a mixed-method study (qualitative-quantitative). First, all related articles published, between 2000 to 2022, were extracted from ERIC, PubMed, ScienceDirect databases, and the Google Scholar search engine. Then, the attitude and performance questionnaire was designed and validated based on the literature review results. All BSc and MSc. nursing and midwifery students of Sarivar Nassibeh School filled out the questionnaire. Two hundred and five questionnaires were analyzed with SPSS using descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (t-test) statistics.
Results: Based on a content analysis of 15 selected articles, the extracted components were structured into 12 items. A preliminary questionnaire was designed with 28 questions across these 12 extracted components. Face validity was assessed using expert opinions, and necessary revisions were made. Both the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) coefficients were employed for content validity. The final questionnaire comprised 22 items using a five-point Likert scale, ranging from strongly agree (score 5) to strongly disagree (score 1), with an internal consistency of 0.69. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the questionnaire has six factors: “validity and accuracy”, “technical problems”, “types of questions and announcing the results”, “technique and simplicity”, “motivation and anxiety”, and “speed and error recording” that explain 60.88 percent of the total variance. Correlation results indicated no relationship between students’ attitudes and performance toward electronic examinations and academic achievement (r = 0.055, P-value = 0.432). There was a significant difference between male and female groups, BSc. and MSc. nursing and midwifery students, and semester of study.
Conclusion: The tool for measuring students’ attitudes and performance towards electronic exams has acceptable validity and reliability. This tool can be used to assess online exams and improvement plans.
Materials and Methods: This research is a mixed-method study (qualitative-quantitative). First, all related articles published, between 2000 to 2022, were extracted from ERIC, PubMed, ScienceDirect databases, and the Google Scholar search engine. Then, the attitude and performance questionnaire was designed and validated based on the literature review results. All BSc and MSc. nursing and midwifery students of Sarivar Nassibeh School filled out the questionnaire. Two hundred and five questionnaires were analyzed with SPSS using descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (t-test) statistics.
Results: Based on a content analysis of 15 selected articles, the extracted components were structured into 12 items. A preliminary questionnaire was designed with 28 questions across these 12 extracted components. Face validity was assessed using expert opinions, and necessary revisions were made. Both the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) coefficients were employed for content validity. The final questionnaire comprised 22 items using a five-point Likert scale, ranging from strongly agree (score 5) to strongly disagree (score 1), with an internal consistency of 0.69. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the questionnaire has six factors: “validity and accuracy”, “technical problems”, “types of questions and announcing the results”, “technique and simplicity”, “motivation and anxiety”, and “speed and error recording” that explain 60.88 percent of the total variance. Correlation results indicated no relationship between students’ attitudes and performance toward electronic examinations and academic achievement (r = 0.055, P-value = 0.432). There was a significant difference between male and female groups, BSc. and MSc. nursing and midwifery students, and semester of study.
Conclusion: The tool for measuring students’ attitudes and performance towards electronic exams has acceptable validity and reliability. This tool can be used to assess online exams and improvement plans.
Masoud Mohammadi, Ali Mousavizadeh, Maysam Behnampour, Seyed Hassan Faqihi,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic has confronted the world with various problems in the economic, social and political dimensions of health. The present study aimed to investigate control and preventive measures in controlling COVID-19, to investigate the epidemiology and cumulative incidence of COVID-19, as well as management activities, empowerment of personnel, and capacity estimation in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces; an attempt was also made to use GIS geographic information to guide policymakers.
Materials and Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional study that was conducted using a review of reliable information within a period of 41 months after the identification of the first case of the disease in the province. The collected information, including sampling cases, hospitalizations, deaths, and COVID-19 vaccination statistics, was collected from the portal of the Center for Infectious Disease Management of the Ministry of Health, the Integrated Health System (SIB), and the Health System Information Observatory of the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education.
Results: The cumulative number of cases and deaths due to COVID-19 in the province is 130,129 and 1,137, respectively. The total number of doses of vaccine administered in the province, based on the coverage area, according to the Integrated Health System (IHS), was 1,363,703. Also, increasing the bed capacity of the intensive care unit in the province to 55 beds, setting up three CT scanners in the provincial hospitals, and setting up a cellular and molecular laboratory in the two cities of Boyer Ahmad and Kohgiluyeh, in addition to distributing COVID-19 vaccines to all health centers, health bases, and health and medical centers, and sending mobile teams to conduct COVID-19 vaccinations to administer the vaccine door-to-door and in offices and organizations, were among the management activities in the field of COVID-19 control in the province.
Conclusion: Increasing the capacity to sample suspected cases and identify patients in the shortest possible time, isolating them, taking intervention measures to encourage people to get vaccinated, and creating awareness about preventing this disease have reduced the burden caused by it and increased the response capacity of the provincial health system.
Materials and Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional study that was conducted using a review of reliable information within a period of 41 months after the identification of the first case of the disease in the province. The collected information, including sampling cases, hospitalizations, deaths, and COVID-19 vaccination statistics, was collected from the portal of the Center for Infectious Disease Management of the Ministry of Health, the Integrated Health System (SIB), and the Health System Information Observatory of the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education.
Results: The cumulative number of cases and deaths due to COVID-19 in the province is 130,129 and 1,137, respectively. The total number of doses of vaccine administered in the province, based on the coverage area, according to the Integrated Health System (IHS), was 1,363,703. Also, increasing the bed capacity of the intensive care unit in the province to 55 beds, setting up three CT scanners in the provincial hospitals, and setting up a cellular and molecular laboratory in the two cities of Boyer Ahmad and Kohgiluyeh, in addition to distributing COVID-19 vaccines to all health centers, health bases, and health and medical centers, and sending mobile teams to conduct COVID-19 vaccinations to administer the vaccine door-to-door and in offices and organizations, were among the management activities in the field of COVID-19 control in the province.
Conclusion: Increasing the capacity to sample suspected cases and identify patients in the shortest possible time, isolating them, taking intervention measures to encourage people to get vaccinated, and creating awareness about preventing this disease have reduced the burden caused by it and increased the response capacity of the provincial health system.
Manizheh Mohammadi, Leila Nazarimanesh, Mozhgan Karimi,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Today, structural empowerment has been considered as one of the key factors in improving the performance of organizations, especially in the field of health and treatment. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between structural empowerment and entrepreneurial organizational culture of employees in health and treatment centers of Shahr Salem Company.
Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytical study with an applied purpose, which is positivist in terms of research philosophy, with a deductive and quantitative approach, correlational in terms of research purpose, and cross-sectional in terms of time, and the data were collected using a survey method. The sample size was determined using the Cochran formula to be 263 people and was selected using a stratified, simple, and questioning random method. Standard Kanter structural empowerment questionnaires and Cornwall and Baron entrepreneurial organizational culture questionnaires were used to collect data. The data were analyzed with SPSS and Smart PLS 3 software.
Results: The findings showed that structural empowerment has a significant relationship with entrepreneurial organizational culture (rs=0.606 and P=0.000). Also, empowerment dimensions including opportunity (rs=0.505), information (rs=0.484), resources (rs=0.552) and support (rs=0.509) have a positive effect on entrepreneurial organizational culture. Statistical results showed that the greatest effect was related to the resource dimension. The opportunity dimension also plays a significant role in increasing employee motivation, which can pave the way for promoting entrepreneurial culture. In addition, in the first hypothesis, the relationship between entrepreneurial organizational culture and opportunity has been examined, which indicates the existence of a positive and significant relationship between these two variables. Also, P-value is 0.000, which is less than the significance level of 0.05, making this relationship statistically significant. In the second hypothesis, the relationship between information and entrepreneurial organizational culture has been confirmed with rs=0.484. The P-value less than 0.05, indicating the P-value is 0.009 which is significance of this relationship. the relationship between support and entrepreneurial organizational culture has been tested, indicating that this relationship is also positive and significant. The P-value is 0.008, which is less than 0.05, indicating the significance of this relationship. In the relationship between resources and entrepreneurial organizational culture, the P-value is 0.004, which is less than 0.05, this relationship is confirmed.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that structural empowerment, especially in the dimensions of access to resources, information, opportunities, and organizational support, has a positive and significant effect on strengthening the entrepreneurial organizational culture in health centers. Creating supportive infrastructures and providing opportunities for growth and improvement of employees’ skills can increase their motivation, creativity, and innovation. Making decision-making processes transparent and designing reward systems based on innovation promotes employee participation and responsibility. In addition, facilitating the free flow of information and knowledge, supporting innovative ideas, and developing creative skills pave the way for creating a sustainable entrepreneurial culture and improving the overall performance of the organization, and strengthening organizational capacities.
Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytical study with an applied purpose, which is positivist in terms of research philosophy, with a deductive and quantitative approach, correlational in terms of research purpose, and cross-sectional in terms of time, and the data were collected using a survey method. The sample size was determined using the Cochran formula to be 263 people and was selected using a stratified, simple, and questioning random method. Standard Kanter structural empowerment questionnaires and Cornwall and Baron entrepreneurial organizational culture questionnaires were used to collect data. The data were analyzed with SPSS and Smart PLS 3 software.
Results: The findings showed that structural empowerment has a significant relationship with entrepreneurial organizational culture (rs=0.606 and P=0.000). Also, empowerment dimensions including opportunity (rs=0.505), information (rs=0.484), resources (rs=0.552) and support (rs=0.509) have a positive effect on entrepreneurial organizational culture. Statistical results showed that the greatest effect was related to the resource dimension. The opportunity dimension also plays a significant role in increasing employee motivation, which can pave the way for promoting entrepreneurial culture. In addition, in the first hypothesis, the relationship between entrepreneurial organizational culture and opportunity has been examined, which indicates the existence of a positive and significant relationship between these two variables. Also, P-value is 0.000, which is less than the significance level of 0.05, making this relationship statistically significant. In the second hypothesis, the relationship between information and entrepreneurial organizational culture has been confirmed with rs=0.484. The P-value less than 0.05, indicating the P-value is 0.009 which is significance of this relationship. the relationship between support and entrepreneurial organizational culture has been tested, indicating that this relationship is also positive and significant. The P-value is 0.008, which is less than 0.05, indicating the significance of this relationship. In the relationship between resources and entrepreneurial organizational culture, the P-value is 0.004, which is less than 0.05, this relationship is confirmed.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that structural empowerment, especially in the dimensions of access to resources, information, opportunities, and organizational support, has a positive and significant effect on strengthening the entrepreneurial organizational culture in health centers. Creating supportive infrastructures and providing opportunities for growth and improvement of employees’ skills can increase their motivation, creativity, and innovation. Making decision-making processes transparent and designing reward systems based on innovation promotes employee participation and responsibility. In addition, facilitating the free flow of information and knowledge, supporting innovative ideas, and developing creative skills pave the way for creating a sustainable entrepreneurial culture and improving the overall performance of the organization, and strengthening organizational capacities.
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