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Showing 29 results for Type of Study: Applied Research
Zahra Vahedpoor, Mohammad Javad Azadchehr, Taha Baghbani, Tayebeh Felfelian Fini, Mehdi Nazeri,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Volume 16, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a vaginal fungal infection that mainly caused by Candida albicans. Among various treatments and their controversial outcomes, oral fluconazole has been accepted as a common and efficient treatment for acute and chronic cases. The aim of this study is about therapeutic effect of fluconazole and evaluation of its antifungal susceptibility.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study Samples were collected from 107 suspected patients to vulvovaginal candidiasis who went to the gynecology clinic of Kashan University of Medical Sciences in (2020-2022). At first consent and then demographic registrations were obtained. All samples were collected and cultured on Chromagar and Sabouraud’s dextrose agar and incubated at 30°C for 72 h. Yeast colonies were identified based on their colors and morphologic criteria.
All patients were treated by a single dose of fluconazole (150 mg/ml) or two continuous additional doses, depending on the absence or history of recurrence. Improvement of clinical and mycological symptoms in patients were followed for 30-35 days. Antifungal susceptibility to fluconazole was determined by microdilution method (CLSI, document M27-A3).
Results: A total of 107 patients were diagnosed with vulvovaginal candidiasis. Candida albicans (79.4%) was the most common identified species. total response to fluconazole treatment based on mycological findings (negative culture and direct smear) was 62.6% (P=0.012), there was no significant difference between candida species, albicans (64.7%) and non-albicans (54.5%), type of vaginal candidiasis forms (recurrent and non-recurrent) and antifungal susceptibility to fluconazole (MIC≤8)(P>0.05). Consideration of MICs≤1 and MICs>1 as a cutoff point there was a significant difference between failure and response to treatment (P=0.014).
Conclusion: According to empiric treatment of Vulvovaginal candidiasis, concurrent Laboratory diagnosis with anti-fungal susceptibility could help us in selecting the appropriate treatment protocol and prevent the emergence or increase of resistant species.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study Samples were collected from 107 suspected patients to vulvovaginal candidiasis who went to the gynecology clinic of Kashan University of Medical Sciences in (2020-2022). At first consent and then demographic registrations were obtained. All samples were collected and cultured on Chromagar and Sabouraud’s dextrose agar and incubated at 30°C for 72 h. Yeast colonies were identified based on their colors and morphologic criteria.
All patients were treated by a single dose of fluconazole (150 mg/ml) or two continuous additional doses, depending on the absence or history of recurrence. Improvement of clinical and mycological symptoms in patients were followed for 30-35 days. Antifungal susceptibility to fluconazole was determined by microdilution method (CLSI, document M27-A3).
Results: A total of 107 patients were diagnosed with vulvovaginal candidiasis. Candida albicans (79.4%) was the most common identified species. total response to fluconazole treatment based on mycological findings (negative culture and direct smear) was 62.6% (P=0.012), there was no significant difference between candida species, albicans (64.7%) and non-albicans (54.5%), type of vaginal candidiasis forms (recurrent and non-recurrent) and antifungal susceptibility to fluconazole (MIC≤8)(P>0.05). Consideration of MICs≤1 and MICs>1 as a cutoff point there was a significant difference between failure and response to treatment (P=0.014).
Conclusion: According to empiric treatment of Vulvovaginal candidiasis, concurrent Laboratory diagnosis with anti-fungal susceptibility could help us in selecting the appropriate treatment protocol and prevent the emergence or increase of resistant species.
Leila Shahmoradi, Niloofar Kheradbin, Ahmad Reza Farzanehnejad, Niloofar Mohammadzadeh, Atefeh Ghanbari Jolfaei,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (5-2022)
Volume 16, Issue 2 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Identifying risk factors is recommended as the first step for depression management in children and adolescents. This study aims to determine the data elements required for developing a clinical decision support system for screening major depression in young people.
Materials and Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical study. The research population included a variety of mental health specialists that were both psychologists and students in psychiatry and guidance & counseling majors as well as electronic databases including Scopus, Pubmed, Embase, PsychInfo, WOS and Clinical key. The data collection tool was a questionnaire designed in three main sections which was answered by a convenient sample of 8 people who were specialists in the field. To analyze the extracted data Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Mean measures were calculated for each item in questionnaire. Content Validity Index (CVI) and Cronbach’s Alpha (using SPSS software) were calculated which were equal to 0.74 and 0.824 respectively which confirmed validity and reliability of the research tool.
Results: According to Lawshe’s table, data elements with CVR between 0 and 0.75 and Mean less than 1.5, like “Ethnicity and race” (CVR=-0.25, Mean=1.125), were rejected. Items such as “Gender” (CVR=0.5) with a CVR equal to or less than 0.75, as well as items with a CVR between 0 and 0.75 and a Mean equal to or more than 1.5, like “Marital status” (CVR=0.5, Mean=1.625) were retained and considered to be included as the minimum data set for screening major depression in ages 10 to 25 years. Data elements were categorized in three categories: Demographic, Clinical and Psychosocial
Conclusion: Clinical decision support systems can facilitate providing healthcare at different levels such as screening major depression. These systems can be used for screening major depression risk factors to improve accessibility to mental health practitioners, assure the implementation of guidelines and provide a common language between different levels of healthcare. Determining the minimum data set for screening major depression in ages 10 to 25 years, is the first step toward developing a clinical decision support system for screening individuals for major depression.
Materials and Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical study. The research population included a variety of mental health specialists that were both psychologists and students in psychiatry and guidance & counseling majors as well as electronic databases including Scopus, Pubmed, Embase, PsychInfo, WOS and Clinical key. The data collection tool was a questionnaire designed in three main sections which was answered by a convenient sample of 8 people who were specialists in the field. To analyze the extracted data Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Mean measures were calculated for each item in questionnaire. Content Validity Index (CVI) and Cronbach’s Alpha (using SPSS software) were calculated which were equal to 0.74 and 0.824 respectively which confirmed validity and reliability of the research tool.
Results: According to Lawshe’s table, data elements with CVR between 0 and 0.75 and Mean less than 1.5, like “Ethnicity and race” (CVR=-0.25, Mean=1.125), were rejected. Items such as “Gender” (CVR=0.5) with a CVR equal to or less than 0.75, as well as items with a CVR between 0 and 0.75 and a Mean equal to or more than 1.5, like “Marital status” (CVR=0.5, Mean=1.625) were retained and considered to be included as the minimum data set for screening major depression in ages 10 to 25 years. Data elements were categorized in three categories: Demographic, Clinical and Psychosocial
Conclusion: Clinical decision support systems can facilitate providing healthcare at different levels such as screening major depression. These systems can be used for screening major depression risk factors to improve accessibility to mental health practitioners, assure the implementation of guidelines and provide a common language between different levels of healthcare. Determining the minimum data set for screening major depression in ages 10 to 25 years, is the first step toward developing a clinical decision support system for screening individuals for major depression.
Miss Maryam Eslami, Javad Jahangirzadeh,
Volume 16, Issue 6 (1-2023)
Volume 16, Issue 6 (1-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The curriculum as the heart of the educational system is one of the effective factors in achieving the goals and mission of the university and its evaluation is of particular importance. Since medical education deals with human life and clerkships also play an essential role in shaping the professional abilities of medical students, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the desirability of clerkship programs from the point of view of medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences during the Covid-19 pandemic based on the nine elements of Francis Klein.
Materials and Methods: In this study, a descriptive-survey method was used. The statistical population was 487 medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, who were undergoing the clerkship stage at the time of the research, and the questionnaire was provided to them in the form of a census. The number of samples was determined based on Morgan’s table of 215 people. The research tool was a standard questionnaire, the validity of which was confirmed by professors in the field of educational sciences, and its reliability was calculated using the Cronbach’s alpha method of 0.794. Descriptive statistics (including statistical tables, graphs, central and dispersion indices) and inferential statistics (including one-sample t-tests and independent two-sample t-tests) were used for data analysis.
Results: The results showed that clerkship programs from the point of view of medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences during the covid-19 disease, considering that the t-statistic of all research variables is less than 1.96 (educational objectives t=-4.735, educational content t=0/666, learning activities t=-7.812, teaching strategies t=-4.246, educational materials and resources t=-0.970, grouping of learners t=-5.223, learning space (place) t=-4.029, learning time t=-5.043, and learning evaluation t=-7.348) were not desirable in terms of all elements. It was also found that there is no significant difference in attitudes between male and female students regarding the desirability of these programs except for the element of educational goals.
Conclusion: According to the results of the research, the medical clerkship programs of Tehran University of Medical Sciences are facing challenges during the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a program that is compatible with the conditions and can meet the educational needs of the learners.
Materials and Methods: In this study, a descriptive-survey method was used. The statistical population was 487 medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, who were undergoing the clerkship stage at the time of the research, and the questionnaire was provided to them in the form of a census. The number of samples was determined based on Morgan’s table of 215 people. The research tool was a standard questionnaire, the validity of which was confirmed by professors in the field of educational sciences, and its reliability was calculated using the Cronbach’s alpha method of 0.794. Descriptive statistics (including statistical tables, graphs, central and dispersion indices) and inferential statistics (including one-sample t-tests and independent two-sample t-tests) were used for data analysis.
Results: The results showed that clerkship programs from the point of view of medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences during the covid-19 disease, considering that the t-statistic of all research variables is less than 1.96 (educational objectives t=-4.735, educational content t=0/666, learning activities t=-7.812, teaching strategies t=-4.246, educational materials and resources t=-0.970, grouping of learners t=-5.223, learning space (place) t=-4.029, learning time t=-5.043, and learning evaluation t=-7.348) were not desirable in terms of all elements. It was also found that there is no significant difference in attitudes between male and female students regarding the desirability of these programs except for the element of educational goals.
Conclusion: According to the results of the research, the medical clerkship programs of Tehran University of Medical Sciences are facing challenges during the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a program that is compatible with the conditions and can meet the educational needs of the learners.
Reza Saadat Mehr, Aram Karimian, Kamel Abdi, Fereshteh Bakhshian, Mehran Zarghami,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Burned patients experience a high level of anxiety during dress changing. The use of complementary medicine is one of the methods of anxiety management that many studies have conducted about it in recent years. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of progressive relaxation with abdominal respiration technique on pain anxiety of burn dressing.
Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial with a control group. We selected forty-five patients referred to Zare Hospital in Sari through simple sampling and assigned into three groups. The first group received relaxation intervention, the second group received respiratory technique intervention, and no intervention was performed in the control group. Burn Specific Pain Anxiety Scale (BSPAS) was used to measure pain-related anxiety. SPSS software version 20 was used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test were used for data analysis.
Results: Based on the results, 28% of the participants in the study were single and 72% were married. In terms of age, most of the participants were between 31 and 40 years old. The findings showed that there was no significant difference between the mean pain anxiety levels in the three groups before the intervention. There was a significant difference in the average burn dressing pain anxiety after the intervention between the relaxation group and the control group (P<0.001) and the breathing techniques group and the control group (P<0.000), so that the average burn dressing pain anxiety in the group Relaxation was reduced by 8.60 units as compared to the control group and in the breathing techniques group by 11.60 units as compared to the control group.
Conclusions: The use of relaxation “techniques” and respiratory techniques, which are non-pharmacological methods, are recommended during dress changing in the burned patient. These methods are simple and inexpensive and can reduce the effects of pain anxiety during dress changing.
Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial with a control group. We selected forty-five patients referred to Zare Hospital in Sari through simple sampling and assigned into three groups. The first group received relaxation intervention, the second group received respiratory technique intervention, and no intervention was performed in the control group. Burn Specific Pain Anxiety Scale (BSPAS) was used to measure pain-related anxiety. SPSS software version 20 was used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test were used for data analysis.
Results: Based on the results, 28% of the participants in the study were single and 72% were married. In terms of age, most of the participants were between 31 and 40 years old. The findings showed that there was no significant difference between the mean pain anxiety levels in the three groups before the intervention. There was a significant difference in the average burn dressing pain anxiety after the intervention between the relaxation group and the control group (P<0.001) and the breathing techniques group and the control group (P<0.000), so that the average burn dressing pain anxiety in the group Relaxation was reduced by 8.60 units as compared to the control group and in the breathing techniques group by 11.60 units as compared to the control group.
Conclusions: The use of relaxation “techniques” and respiratory techniques, which are non-pharmacological methods, are recommended during dress changing in the burned patient. These methods are simple and inexpensive and can reduce the effects of pain anxiety during dress changing.
- Zeinab Hashemzadeh, Farhad Habibi, Hossein Dargahi, Mohammad Arab,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Home care is an alternative method of hospitalization, especially for chronic patients and is an innovative approach to improve care and reduce the costs of hospital readmissions. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the benefits and challenges of implementing the home care plan after being discharged from the hospital considering the perspective of health service recipients and providers at Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2021.
Material and Methods: The present study is an applied research that was conducted qualitatively using structured and semi-structured interviews. The research sample was those responsible for the implementation of this project at the ministry and university level, the implementers of this project in 4 hospitals, 5 institutions providing home care services, and family of patients. Twenty-eight people from the research community were included in the study using the purposeful and snowball sampling method. Content analysis method was used to analyze the interview data. MAXQDA2020 software was used for data classification.
Results: The results were classified into two categories: benefits and challenges of the home care plan after discharge. A total of 61 open codes were extracted from the analysis of research interviews, so that 27 codes led to the identification of 5 themes (Including improving service delivery, reducing costs, achieving health goals, cultural and social benefits, providing the necessary infrastructure) in the benefits and 34 codes led to the identification of 7 themes (including policy-making, legal and ethical, economic, manpower, cultural-social-communication, service provision limitations and time and place limitations) in the challenges.
Conclusion: The result of this research showed that home care services after being discharged from the hospital play an important role in completing the provision of healthcare services. Home care services after being discharged from the hospital improves service delivery, reduces costs, and helps in achieving health goals. It also benefits patients, society and the government in various cultural and social fields. On the other hand, it seems that there are challenges in the political, legal, economic and cultural fields in the way of the optimal implementation of this plan. Therefore, planning to evaluate and solve the problems facing these services is essential.
Material and Methods: The present study is an applied research that was conducted qualitatively using structured and semi-structured interviews. The research sample was those responsible for the implementation of this project at the ministry and university level, the implementers of this project in 4 hospitals, 5 institutions providing home care services, and family of patients. Twenty-eight people from the research community were included in the study using the purposeful and snowball sampling method. Content analysis method was used to analyze the interview data. MAXQDA2020 software was used for data classification.
Results: The results were classified into two categories: benefits and challenges of the home care plan after discharge. A total of 61 open codes were extracted from the analysis of research interviews, so that 27 codes led to the identification of 5 themes (Including improving service delivery, reducing costs, achieving health goals, cultural and social benefits, providing the necessary infrastructure) in the benefits and 34 codes led to the identification of 7 themes (including policy-making, legal and ethical, economic, manpower, cultural-social-communication, service provision limitations and time and place limitations) in the challenges.
Conclusion: The result of this research showed that home care services after being discharged from the hospital play an important role in completing the provision of healthcare services. Home care services after being discharged from the hospital improves service delivery, reduces costs, and helps in achieving health goals. It also benefits patients, society and the government in various cultural and social fields. On the other hand, it seems that there are challenges in the political, legal, economic and cultural fields in the way of the optimal implementation of this plan. Therefore, planning to evaluate and solve the problems facing these services is essential.
Akram Hemmatipour, Ali Hatami, Azam Jahangirimehr, Foruzan Jelodari, Zahra Mehri,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: There is a correlation between disease and quality of life in patients with chronic disease and physical disorders have a direct effect on all aspects of quality of life. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of family-centered empowerment model based on multimedia education on the quality of life of children with thalassemia.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 120 patients along with their parents, who had medical records at the thalassemia center of Khatam al-Anbiya Hospital in Shoushtar, were selected according to the inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups of intervention and control (n=60) by random allocation. Subjects were matched in terms of age and gender. The data collection tools included Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (Ped-SQL) and researcher-made questionnaires of awareness and self-efficacy in the area of thalassemia. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon statistical tests and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: Out of 120 children who were included in the study, 87 were girls (72.5%), the mean age of these children was 9.74±2.25 years and disease duration was 5.35±4.47 years. In this study, in terms of children’s quality of life and its dimensions, after the implementation of the educational model, a significant increase was observed compared to pre-test phase only in the intervention group (P<0.001). After implementing this model, the level of knowledge (P<0.001) and self-efficacy of parents (P=0.003) was faced with a significant increase, and this significance was also observed compared to the control group (P<0.001). The variables of age, gender, disease duration and parents’ education level had no effect on parents’ self-efficacy and knowledge as well as children’s quality of life (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the implementation of family-centered empowerment programs based on multimedia education among parents of children with thalassemia improved the quality of life of these children by increasing the knowledge and self-efficacy of their parents. It is suggested that this program be implemented on a wider scale with better facilities for parents and the family members.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 120 patients along with their parents, who had medical records at the thalassemia center of Khatam al-Anbiya Hospital in Shoushtar, were selected according to the inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups of intervention and control (n=60) by random allocation. Subjects were matched in terms of age and gender. The data collection tools included Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (Ped-SQL) and researcher-made questionnaires of awareness and self-efficacy in the area of thalassemia. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon statistical tests and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: Out of 120 children who were included in the study, 87 were girls (72.5%), the mean age of these children was 9.74±2.25 years and disease duration was 5.35±4.47 years. In this study, in terms of children’s quality of life and its dimensions, after the implementation of the educational model, a significant increase was observed compared to pre-test phase only in the intervention group (P<0.001). After implementing this model, the level of knowledge (P<0.001) and self-efficacy of parents (P=0.003) was faced with a significant increase, and this significance was also observed compared to the control group (P<0.001). The variables of age, gender, disease duration and parents’ education level had no effect on parents’ self-efficacy and knowledge as well as children’s quality of life (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the implementation of family-centered empowerment programs based on multimedia education among parents of children with thalassemia improved the quality of life of these children by increasing the knowledge and self-efficacy of their parents. It is suggested that this program be implemented on a wider scale with better facilities for parents and the family members.
Mouna Rafizadeh, Reza Safdari, Jaleh Shoshtarian Malak, Shaban Alizadeh,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (5-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 2 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Simulation-based Mobile Education is one of the necessities of the new era as well as an escalating field to meet the needs of different educational systems and levels. Considering the increasing application of simulation-based technologies, and the popularity of Augmented Reality (AR) in the field of education, the present research aims to facilitate the initial steps in understanding the technical requirements and software used in developing these types of apps.
Materials and Methods: The data required for this research was collected by searching in library resources to identify the commonly used platform/software in designing and developing AR-based educational apps. At the same time, the included studies’ app features/sections were also extracted, and the total of this information was presented in a table. After indicating the mainly used software in the development of these types of apps, a simple app architecture and a how-to-develop model using the most practical software were illustrated.
Results: “3D Model display” and “multiple-choice questions” were identified as the minimum (basic) features of an AR-based educational app. To identify the most commonly used software in creating AR-based educational apps, articles were reviewed, required information was extracted, and gathered in form of a table. The results of the review showed that Unity 3D and Vuforia have the highest usage statistics in creating these types of apps. Finally, a simple model of the process of developing AR-based educational app and a sample output of this type of app were presented based on this information.
Conclusions: Simulation-based education is one of the prominent and growing topics worldwide. Augmented Reality is one of the most renowned and widely used technologies in this field. The results of this study encompass a set of basic features of an AR-based educational app as well as the software that can be used to create such apps. Therefore, this study can assist researchers interested in this field in navigating the simplest path to developing an AR-based educational app by providing them with an initial technical understanding of AR-based education.
Materials and Methods: The data required for this research was collected by searching in library resources to identify the commonly used platform/software in designing and developing AR-based educational apps. At the same time, the included studies’ app features/sections were also extracted, and the total of this information was presented in a table. After indicating the mainly used software in the development of these types of apps, a simple app architecture and a how-to-develop model using the most practical software were illustrated.
Results: “3D Model display” and “multiple-choice questions” were identified as the minimum (basic) features of an AR-based educational app. To identify the most commonly used software in creating AR-based educational apps, articles were reviewed, required information was extracted, and gathered in form of a table. The results of the review showed that Unity 3D and Vuforia have the highest usage statistics in creating these types of apps. Finally, a simple model of the process of developing AR-based educational app and a sample output of this type of app were presented based on this information.
Conclusions: Simulation-based education is one of the prominent and growing topics worldwide. Augmented Reality is one of the most renowned and widely used technologies in this field. The results of this study encompass a set of basic features of an AR-based educational app as well as the software that can be used to create such apps. Therefore, this study can assist researchers interested in this field in navigating the simplest path to developing an AR-based educational app by providing them with an initial technical understanding of AR-based education.
Zahra Khaje, Kamran Yazdani, Ibrahim Abdollahpour, Mohsen Mohammadi, Saharnaz Nedjat,
Volume 17, Issue 5 (12-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 5 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Alzheimer’s is a chronic disease that causes cognitive disabilities, thinking, personality changes and disruptions in daily activities. Due to these disorders, patients need long-term care. Most care for Alzheimer’s patients is done at home by family members, which makes home caregivers mentally, physically, emotionally, socially and financially vulnerable. Health personnel have a key role to play in providing information and guidance and helping the family control these conditions. The purpose of this study was to examines the level of knowledge and attitude of health workers and determines the related factors.
Materials and Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study to evaluate the level of knowledge and attitude of health workers about Alzheimer’s disease and its related factors. All 260 health workers of Gorgan and Kordkuy districts were studied by census method to assess their knowledge and attitude about Alzheimer’s disease and its related factors. ANOVA and T-tests were used to determine the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. Variables whose significant level of correlation with response variable was less than 0.2 in bivariate analysis were entered into the regression model and finally multiple linear regression was used to determine the factors related to level of knowledge and attitude.
Results: The mean level of knowledge was 46.73% (95% CI, 45.46 to 48.16) and the mean level of attitude was 55.61% (95% CI, 54.63 to 56.74). The results show that those with a history of previous education, a history of caring for Alzheimer’s patients, a higher level of work experience in the health care system, and having a female gender and be married have higher levels of knowledge and those with a history of previous education and Sistani descent had a higher attitude.
Conclusion: In general, the mean level of knowledge was 46.73(0-100) and the mean level of attitude was 55.61(0-100). Factors such as: gender, work history in the health system, history of participating in educational workshops, history of caring for sick patients, and marital status were related to the level of knowledge and factors such as ethnicity and history of participating in the training workshop were related to the level of attitude of the health care providers.
Soraya Sayar, Sara Noruzi, Seyed Mohammad Hossein Javadi, Mohammad Sabzi Khoshnami, Sanaz Dehghani, Maryam Pour Hosein, Mahnaz Zamyadi,
Volume 17, Issue 6 (2-2024)
Volume 17, Issue 6 (2-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Considering the role of social workers in the health system, the success and stability of organ transplantation, prevention of re-hospitalization of patients and reduction of imposed costs, this study aims to design a protocol for the specialized interventions of social workers in Iran’s medical centers in the transplant process and to create uniformity in practice. Comprehensive services have been provided to patients and their caregivers.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in two phases of resource review and qualitative. In the resource review phase, reliable databases were examined, and in the qualitative phase, in order to collect information from Delphi techniques and focused group discussion with the presence of fifteen officials and social workers working in the country’s hospitals and experts and experts. The areas of health and treatment assistants of the Ministry of Health, university professors, medical staff and experts in the field of transplantation and organ donation were carried out. The protocol was sent to eight experienced experts for final review and evaluation, and they were asked to review the protocol in terms of the goal and scope of interventions, stakeholders, development steps, clarity of presentation, accessibility and non-dependence in writing according to the checklist to evaluate.
Results: In this study, the work process of social workers was drawn in three stages before, during and after transplantation. Also, various roles were considered for social workers in three stages of work, including the role of defender, supporter, case manager, resource mobilizer, trainer, consultant, evaluator and guidance. Interventions such as finding informational support, facilitating the patient hospitalization process, providing psychosocial support to the family with the aim of empowering them for post-transplant care, providing counseling to family members to deal with stress and improving mental health of the patient, providing economic support, Accomodation conditions are provided through hospital companions and communication and interaction with the treatment team, including the doctor, in order to respond to the needs of the family, facilitate treatment and on time discharging.
Conclusion: the protocol of specialized interventions of social workers in the transplantation process created a new step and a different look at psychosocial support in transplantation and coordination teams, so that social workers in the field of organ donation and transplantation and working with caregivers, families and the survivors of the patients arrived.
Miss Fariba Moalem Borazjani, Azita Yazdani, Reza Safdari, Seyed Mansoor Gatmiri,
Volume 17, Issue 6 (2-2024)
Volume 17, Issue 6 (2-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Kidney failure is a common and increasing problem in Iran and worldwide. Kidney transplantation is recognized as a preferred treatment method for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Machine learning, as one of the most valuable branches of artificial intelligence in the field of predicting patient outcomes or predicting various conditions in patients, has significant applications. The purpose of this research was to predict kidney transplant outcomes in patients using machine learning.
Materials and Methods: Since CRISP is one of the strongest methodologies for implementing data mining projects, it was chosen as the working method. In order to identify the factors affecting the prediction of kidney transplant outcomes, a researcher-created checklist was sent to some of nephrologists nationwide to determine the importance of each factor. The results were analyzed and examined. Then, using Python language and different algorithms such as random forest, SVM, KNN, deep learning, and XGBoost the data was modeled.
Results: The final model was multilabel, capable of predicting various kidney transplant outcomes, including rejection probability, diabetic reactions, malignant reactions, and patient rehospitalization. After modeling the input data features, the model was able to predict the four kidney transplant outcomes such as rejection, diabetes, malignancy and readmission with an error rate of less than 0.01.
Conclusion: The high level of accuracy and precision of the random forest model demonstrates its strong predictive power for forecasting kidney transplant outcomes. In this study, the most influential factors contributing to patient susceptibility to the mentioned outcomes were identified. Using this machine learning-based system, it is possible to predict the probability of these outcomes occurring for new cases.
Kourosh Abbasiyan, Mohammad Alimoradnori, Mohammad Bagher Karami,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Managers, as the main decision-makers in facing various internal and external organizational problems, play a significant and determining role in the success or even failure of an organization. If competent and experienced managers are positioned at the top of organizations, the success of these organizations in achieving their goals will be guaranteed and an organization can achieve maximum efficiency with minimal resources. The aim of this study was to design a model of managerial competencies for hospital managers.
Materials and Methods: This qualitative research was conducted from year 2020 to 2022. After reviewing studies related to the topic, the extracted competencies were given to 19 experts consisted of relevant academic faculty members and managers with experience in the healthcare system and hospitals. Eventually, a managerial competency model was formulated through the use of the Delphi method and expert panel discussions. Collected data were analyzed in Excel software.
Results: The developed model in this research for the concept of hospital managers’ competencies includes 33 managerial competencies of hospital managers in four main management functions (planning, organizing, leadership and control) and managerial roles, which starts from literature review and performing two Delphi steps and implementing two expert panel plans. In the competency of hospital managers model, the planning dimension consists 4 components, organizing consists 4 components, leadership consists 12 components, control consists 4 components, and managerial roles consists 9 components. Strategic thinking, which is a subset of planning, has the highest weight (0.495) and highest rank among other components, and continuous improvement, which is a subset of managerial roles, has the lowest weight (0.033) and lowest rank among other components.
Conclusion: This study proposes an exclusive and comprehensive model, utilizing practical techniques as a suitable solution for evaluating the managerial competencies of hospital managers. The proposed framework in this study can serve as a standard performance assessment tool for evaluating managers.
Materials and Methods: This qualitative research was conducted from year 2020 to 2022. After reviewing studies related to the topic, the extracted competencies were given to 19 experts consisted of relevant academic faculty members and managers with experience in the healthcare system and hospitals. Eventually, a managerial competency model was formulated through the use of the Delphi method and expert panel discussions. Collected data were analyzed in Excel software.
Results: The developed model in this research for the concept of hospital managers’ competencies includes 33 managerial competencies of hospital managers in four main management functions (planning, organizing, leadership and control) and managerial roles, which starts from literature review and performing two Delphi steps and implementing two expert panel plans. In the competency of hospital managers model, the planning dimension consists 4 components, organizing consists 4 components, leadership consists 12 components, control consists 4 components, and managerial roles consists 9 components. Strategic thinking, which is a subset of planning, has the highest weight (0.495) and highest rank among other components, and continuous improvement, which is a subset of managerial roles, has the lowest weight (0.033) and lowest rank among other components.
Conclusion: This study proposes an exclusive and comprehensive model, utilizing practical techniques as a suitable solution for evaluating the managerial competencies of hospital managers. The proposed framework in this study can serve as a standard performance assessment tool for evaluating managers.
Sedigheh Hannani, Parsa Farmahin Farahany, Fardin Amiri,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (7-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 3 (7-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The usual trainings are not enough to acquire the knowledge and skills of operating room students to play the role of scrub and mobile person, especially in complex and specialized surgeries. This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of designing, implementing and evaluating the protocol before, during and after Whipple surgery and its effect on the knowledge, attitude and clinical skills of surgical technology students of Iran University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: This research was a semi-experimental study of pre- and post-intervention type, during which 50, fifth and seventh semester undergraduate students of surgical technology were selected and trained using the designed protocol. The content of the protocol included the latest principles of Whipple surgery technology in the field of surgical anatomy, pathology of the digestive system and pancreas, diagnostic procedures and preparations before Whipple surgery, the procedure of Whipple surgery and the post-surgery phase and the recovery period of Whipple surgery. Before and after the training, the amount of knowledge, attitude and clinical skills of the students were evaluated and compared using a questionnaire and an observational checklist. The data were analyzed using paired t-test, non-parametric Wilcoxon test and analysis of covariance test in SPSS software.
Results: The results of this study showed that after using the designed educational protocol, the knowledge, attitude and clinical skills of surgical technology students increased. That is, the use of the designed educational protocol was effective on the level of knowledge, attitude and especially the clinical skills of the students. So that a statistically significant difference was observed in the average scores of the knowledge, attitude and clinical skill test of the students before and after training (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, designing and using educational protocols is an effective method in the process of teaching and evaluating the level of knowledge, attitude and clinical skills of students in complex and specialized surgeries such as Whipple surgery. Therefore, the use of educational protocols designed in the process of teaching students is recommended to all professors and educational officials of surgical technology.
Materials and Methods: This research was a semi-experimental study of pre- and post-intervention type, during which 50, fifth and seventh semester undergraduate students of surgical technology were selected and trained using the designed protocol. The content of the protocol included the latest principles of Whipple surgery technology in the field of surgical anatomy, pathology of the digestive system and pancreas, diagnostic procedures and preparations before Whipple surgery, the procedure of Whipple surgery and the post-surgery phase and the recovery period of Whipple surgery. Before and after the training, the amount of knowledge, attitude and clinical skills of the students were evaluated and compared using a questionnaire and an observational checklist. The data were analyzed using paired t-test, non-parametric Wilcoxon test and analysis of covariance test in SPSS software.
Results: The results of this study showed that after using the designed educational protocol, the knowledge, attitude and clinical skills of surgical technology students increased. That is, the use of the designed educational protocol was effective on the level of knowledge, attitude and especially the clinical skills of the students. So that a statistically significant difference was observed in the average scores of the knowledge, attitude and clinical skill test of the students before and after training (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, designing and using educational protocols is an effective method in the process of teaching and evaluating the level of knowledge, attitude and clinical skills of students in complex and specialized surgeries such as Whipple surgery. Therefore, the use of educational protocols designed in the process of teaching students is recommended to all professors and educational officials of surgical technology.
Fatemeh Soofiabadi, Alireza Shahraki, Mohebali Rahdar,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (7-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 3 (7-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Given the high sensitivity of the medical field, a mistake can cause irreparable damage to human society. For this reason, finding the symptoms of the disease and the relationships between them to facilitate the improvement of diseases is inevitable. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to first identify the symptoms of neurofibromatosis type 1 by specialists, then determine the relationship between the symptoms and the degree of their impact on each other in order to determine the most important criterion in improving the disease.
Materials and Methods: The present study is of a developmental-applied type in terms of its purpose and of a descriptive-survey type in terms of its data collection method. The case study of the present study is spinal disorders, of which neurofibromatosis type 1 has been diagnosed as one of them based on the opinion of experts. Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a genetic disorder that causes tumors in the nervous tissue. Accordingly, in the present study, the criteria, which are the symptoms of the disease, were first determined using the opinion of a group of experts and the implementation of the fuzzy Delphi method. In the next step, a model for the causal relationships between the symptoms of the disease is presented. For this purpose, a fuzzy cognitive map is drawn using MATLAB, FCMapper and Pajek software, then backward and forward scenarios are presented for neurofibromatosis type 1 and the disease improvement scenario is determined.
Results: The results showed that hormonal changes, flat brown spots on the skin, freckles in the armpit and groin area, soft bumps on the face or under the skin, high blood pressure, respiratory problems, bumps on the iris of the eye (Lish nodules), tumor in the optic nerve-ocular glioma, short stature, bone deformity, learning disabilities-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and larger than average head size are ranked first to twelfth, respectively. The causal relationships between the symptoms showed that the criterion of hormonal changes has the greatest impact on the criterion of freckles in the armpit or groin area; Therefore, if the hormonal changes criterion improves, neurofibromatosis type 1 will also improve.
Conclusion: The findings of this study have helped the medical community to have a better understanding of the symptoms of the disease so that doctors can improve their prevention and care recommendations based on the severity of the symptoms of the diseases.
Materials and Methods: The present study is of a developmental-applied type in terms of its purpose and of a descriptive-survey type in terms of its data collection method. The case study of the present study is spinal disorders, of which neurofibromatosis type 1 has been diagnosed as one of them based on the opinion of experts. Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a genetic disorder that causes tumors in the nervous tissue. Accordingly, in the present study, the criteria, which are the symptoms of the disease, were first determined using the opinion of a group of experts and the implementation of the fuzzy Delphi method. In the next step, a model for the causal relationships between the symptoms of the disease is presented. For this purpose, a fuzzy cognitive map is drawn using MATLAB, FCMapper and Pajek software, then backward and forward scenarios are presented for neurofibromatosis type 1 and the disease improvement scenario is determined.
Results: The results showed that hormonal changes, flat brown spots on the skin, freckles in the armpit and groin area, soft bumps on the face or under the skin, high blood pressure, respiratory problems, bumps on the iris of the eye (Lish nodules), tumor in the optic nerve-ocular glioma, short stature, bone deformity, learning disabilities-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and larger than average head size are ranked first to twelfth, respectively. The causal relationships between the symptoms showed that the criterion of hormonal changes has the greatest impact on the criterion of freckles in the armpit or groin area; Therefore, if the hormonal changes criterion improves, neurofibromatosis type 1 will also improve.
Conclusion: The findings of this study have helped the medical community to have a better understanding of the symptoms of the disease so that doctors can improve their prevention and care recommendations based on the severity of the symptoms of the diseases.
Mohammadreza Asghariyan, Farzad Firouzi Jahantigh,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The emergency department of the hospital is considered one of its main entrances; which has provided health care and treatment for critical and non-critical patients and faces various health and treatment restrictions, but the main emphasis is always on resource limitations. Many simulation projects were implemented in hospitals and first in emergency departments with the aim of increasing productivity. The present research is a general description of the patient’s movement flow and length of stay in the emergency department of a selected specialized hospital in Zahedan city. The aim of the current research is to prevent care complications, reduce waiting time and patient stay in the emergency department, present a simulation model and improve it based on discrete-event simulation.
Materials and Methods: Using the data bank of the emergency department system based on the required data and also through the in-person observation of the data related to the duration of the patient’s stay in the emergency department, including the arrival time, waiting time, The type of services provided to the patient, the time of service and the time of departure were collected and checked and confirmed by experts related to this field so that it has the highest level of reliability with the facts. The data were designed in Excel software, and then data analysis and simulation model creation were done using Aren V14 software, and according to the results, the effect of the proposed solutions was evaluated.
Results: The findings of the present research showed that the longest queue created in the emergency department of the selected specialized hospital in Zahedan city is related to medical examination and additional tests. By implementing the simulation model and testing different solutions, solution 3, which means adding one nurse to nursing consultation and one person to radiology, has the most optimizing effect on the performance of the system at different levels of the patient admission process. and the cost of its implementation is more than solutions 1 and 2. This solution created a 14% decrease in the average length of stay and a 28% decrease in the average duration of additional tests.
Conclusion: The use of queuing models and simulation techniques improve the performance of the system and their implementation has significant effects on reducing the waiting time and length of stay of patients in the emergency department, increasing the quality level of the process of monitoring patients. It leads to optimal management of resources and increased productivity.
Mazyar Karamali, Azadeh Soleimaninejad, Peirhossein Kolivand, Reza Dehkhodaei,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The Iranian Red Crescent Society (IRCS) is recognized as one of the ten most powerful national societies among the Red Cross and Red Crescent societies globally in responding to disasters and emergencies. The purpose of this study is to outline the research topics of the Iranian Red Crescent Society by analyzing its scientific outputs over the past years.
Materials and Methods: The research is of an applied type with a scientometric approach and bibliometric analysis, which uses event network visualization techniques and synonym analysis. The statistical population of the study included all research conducted by the Iranian Red Crescent Society and articles indexed in the Scopus database since the 1990s. The synonym analysis of research titles conducted in the organization and article abstract information and data visualization techniques were used with VOSviewer, NVIVO, WordCloud and iThoughts software.
Results: The trend of publishing research outputs has been upward. Analysis of outputs showed that Shiraz University of Medical Sciences had the highest output and the Gastroenterology and Liver Research Center and Isfahan University of Medical Sciences had the lowest output among the 10 most active institutions. Also, the Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal had the highest output, and among the topics related to outputs, the field of medicine was ranked first and the field of Multidisciplinary was ranked lowest. Among the frequently used words, “human” was ranked first. Identifying and drawing a map of research issues for this organization showed that the problem-oriented research topics of the Red Crescent Society were categorized into nine main areas, among which relief and rescue was ranked first with 21.4% and technology and innovation was ranked lowest with 4.6%.
Conclusion: The study of the scientific and research outputs of the Iranian Red Crescent indicates the breadth and diversity of research issues in the subject areas raised. The status of research conducted in the map of Iranian Red Crescent issues by comparing the keywords showed that the research performance of this organization is higher in the fields of health services, relief and rescue, and education. Given the breadth of issues commensurate with its missions, it needs balanced growth in research and knowledge production in other areas.
Materials and Methods: The research is of an applied type with a scientometric approach and bibliometric analysis, which uses event network visualization techniques and synonym analysis. The statistical population of the study included all research conducted by the Iranian Red Crescent Society and articles indexed in the Scopus database since the 1990s. The synonym analysis of research titles conducted in the organization and article abstract information and data visualization techniques were used with VOSviewer, NVIVO, WordCloud and iThoughts software.
Results: The trend of publishing research outputs has been upward. Analysis of outputs showed that Shiraz University of Medical Sciences had the highest output and the Gastroenterology and Liver Research Center and Isfahan University of Medical Sciences had the lowest output among the 10 most active institutions. Also, the Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal had the highest output, and among the topics related to outputs, the field of medicine was ranked first and the field of Multidisciplinary was ranked lowest. Among the frequently used words, “human” was ranked first. Identifying and drawing a map of research issues for this organization showed that the problem-oriented research topics of the Red Crescent Society were categorized into nine main areas, among which relief and rescue was ranked first with 21.4% and technology and innovation was ranked lowest with 4.6%.
Conclusion: The study of the scientific and research outputs of the Iranian Red Crescent indicates the breadth and diversity of research issues in the subject areas raised. The status of research conducted in the map of Iranian Red Crescent issues by comparing the keywords showed that the research performance of this organization is higher in the fields of health services, relief and rescue, and education. Given the breadth of issues commensurate with its missions, it needs balanced growth in research and knowledge production in other areas.
Leila Keikha, Fatemeh Sheikhshoaei, Abdolahad Nabiolahi, Mahnaz Khosravi,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Health librarians can play an important role in meeting the information needs of the clinical team and improving the quality of medical cares. Increasing clinical health literacy and use of Evidence-based medicine among ophthalmology residents is of great importance due to the importance of patients’ health in this field and appropriate decision-making about the individual’s health status. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of an educational intervention by clinical librarians on the skills of ophthalmology residents in using of evidence-based information at Zahedan University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: This was a semi-experimental applied study. The research population was ophthalmology residents of Al-Zahra Eye Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences during the years 2020-2023, who were selected through a census. During a three-month period, 17 combined training sessions (face-to-face and virtual using the Navid system) were held for 18 ophthalmology residents regarding correct search methods from different databases and appropriate use of evidence-based information. To collect data before and after training, a clinical information literacy questionnaire derived from previous studies was used, and data analysis was performed using SPSS software and ANOVA and ANCOVA statistical tests to compare scores before and after training in the intervention group.
Results: The majority of participating residents (55.6%) were female. Before the intervention, 33.3% of the study population had moderate to high levels of knowledge about evidence-based medicine. There was a statistically significant relationship between the total level of knowledge of residents after training and gender (P-value<0.05). Clinical librarian training was effective on the level of basic knowledge of evidence-based medicine, designing clinical questions, searching for clinical evidence, critical evaluation of clinical evidence, and dissemination of evidence-based medical information of residents (P-value<0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the positive impact of clinical librarians’ intervention in improving the level of clinical decision-making knowledge of ophthalmology residents, it is suggested that evidence-based medicine training workshops or courses be held for residents of different disciplines using a variety of educational methods. In addition, it is suggested that evidence-based units be included in the residents’ curriculum and that training be conducted as a team consisting of medical librarians and specialists and ophthalmologist.
Materials and Methods: This was a semi-experimental applied study. The research population was ophthalmology residents of Al-Zahra Eye Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences during the years 2020-2023, who were selected through a census. During a three-month period, 17 combined training sessions (face-to-face and virtual using the Navid system) were held for 18 ophthalmology residents regarding correct search methods from different databases and appropriate use of evidence-based information. To collect data before and after training, a clinical information literacy questionnaire derived from previous studies was used, and data analysis was performed using SPSS software and ANOVA and ANCOVA statistical tests to compare scores before and after training in the intervention group.
Results: The majority of participating residents (55.6%) were female. Before the intervention, 33.3% of the study population had moderate to high levels of knowledge about evidence-based medicine. There was a statistically significant relationship between the total level of knowledge of residents after training and gender (P-value<0.05). Clinical librarian training was effective on the level of basic knowledge of evidence-based medicine, designing clinical questions, searching for clinical evidence, critical evaluation of clinical evidence, and dissemination of evidence-based medical information of residents (P-value<0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the positive impact of clinical librarians’ intervention in improving the level of clinical decision-making knowledge of ophthalmology residents, it is suggested that evidence-based medicine training workshops or courses be held for residents of different disciplines using a variety of educational methods. In addition, it is suggested that evidence-based units be included in the residents’ curriculum and that training be conducted as a team consisting of medical librarians and specialists and ophthalmologist.
Farzin Halabchi, Reza Safdari, Shahrbanoo Pahlevanynejad, Sahba Kazemipour,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (7-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 2 (7-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The World Health Organization defines physical inactivity as engaging in less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week for adults, which is recognized as a serious global health challenge with dangerous consequences for public health. Global statistics indicate that this issue is more prominent among women; in Iran, 61.9% of women do not engage in sufficient physical activity. The adoption and expansion of health-related technologies indicate their high potential in supporting self-care. This study aims to identify the necessary data elements for designing a personalized self-care fitness mobile application for women.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in two phases: literature review and data element needs assessment. In the first phase, relevant data elements for creating a personalized self-care fitness application for women were identified through scientific articles in databases and library resources, and a data elements checklist was prepared. In the second phase, based on the checklist, a questionnaire was designed by the researcher. Its validity was confirmed by the research team, and its reliability was calculated with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 91.3%.
Results: The aforementioned questionnaire was provided to 20 physicians from the sports medicine department at Mahdi Clinic, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, to thoroughly evaluate the proposed data elements in terms of their importance, measurability, and relevance. In total, 49 data elements were identified across seven sections: demographic information, health information, disease information, inappropriate behavioral habits, anthropometric data, reports, and lifestyle. Of these, 4 elements were removed due to incompatibility with the study objectives and low importance scores. Additionally, to facilitate future analyses, the remaining elements were re-categorized into 6 groups.
Conclusion: In this study, the key data elements required for designing and providing exercise programs specifically for women were identified and determined. This process aimed to enhance the level of physical activity and address the specific needs of women, thereby establishing a scientific and precise foundation for developing programs tailored to the physical and psychological characteristics of this group.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in two phases: literature review and data element needs assessment. In the first phase, relevant data elements for creating a personalized self-care fitness application for women were identified through scientific articles in databases and library resources, and a data elements checklist was prepared. In the second phase, based on the checklist, a questionnaire was designed by the researcher. Its validity was confirmed by the research team, and its reliability was calculated with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 91.3%.
Results: The aforementioned questionnaire was provided to 20 physicians from the sports medicine department at Mahdi Clinic, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, to thoroughly evaluate the proposed data elements in terms of their importance, measurability, and relevance. In total, 49 data elements were identified across seven sections: demographic information, health information, disease information, inappropriate behavioral habits, anthropometric data, reports, and lifestyle. Of these, 4 elements were removed due to incompatibility with the study objectives and low importance scores. Additionally, to facilitate future analyses, the remaining elements were re-categorized into 6 groups.
Conclusion: In this study, the key data elements required for designing and providing exercise programs specifically for women were identified and determined. This process aimed to enhance the level of physical activity and address the specific needs of women, thereby establishing a scientific and precise foundation for developing programs tailored to the physical and psychological characteristics of this group.
Fatemeh Najafi, Hooman Shahsavari, Golnar Ghane, Zahra Zare,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Ensuring the quality of care and maintaining patient safety are fundamental challenges within the nursing profession. Having a culturally relevant and valid tool to assess the phenomenon of “missed nursing care” can significantly assist in identifying actions and conditions that result in negative patient outcomes or situations where care is inadequately provided. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to culturally adapt and validate the Iranian version of the Missed Care Survey tool.
Materials and Methods: The translation and psychometric testing were carried out in six stages: 1) translation from the original language to the target language, 2) comparison of the two translated versions, 3) back-translation, 4) comparison of the back-translated versions with the original, 5) pilot testing of the pre-final version with a monolingual sample, and 6) full psychometric validation of the pre-final version. These stages were conducted with a sample of 330 nursing staff from hospitals affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
Results: A total of 330 participants were included in the present study, the majority of whom were female and worked rotating shifts. Approximately half of the participants were aged between 25 and 34 years, and the longest duration of employment in the nursing profession was more than ten years (100 participants, 30.3%). In addition, more than half of the participants held a bachelor’s degree in nursing, and the majority worked more than 30 hours per week (316 participants, 95.8%).The Cronbach’s alpha for the entire instrument was 0.89, and for the subscales of Part B it ranged from 0.79 to 0.93. Moreover, the test–retest correlation coefficients for Part A (missed nursing care, including a list of nursing activities) and Part B (reasons for missed nursing care) were 0.83 and 0.80, respectively. The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated an acceptable and satisfactory model fit for the three-factor structure of Part B based on overall goodness-of-fit indices. Collectively, these findings provide evidence for the instrument’s robust construct validity and reliability, supporting its suitability for assessing missed nursing care in clinical settings.
Results: A total of 330 participants were included in the present study, the majority of whom were female and worked rotating shifts. Approximately half of the participants were aged between 25 and 34 years, and the longest duration of employment in the nursing profession was more than ten years (100 participants, 30.3%). In addition, more than half of the participants held a bachelor’s degree in nursing, and the majority worked more than 30 hours per week (316 participants, 95.8%).The Cronbach’s alpha for the entire instrument was 0.89, and for the subscales of Part B it ranged from 0.79 to 0.93. Moreover, the test–retest correlation coefficients for Part A (missed nursing care, including a list of nursing activities) and Part B (reasons for missed nursing care) were 0.83 and 0.80, respectively. The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated an acceptable and satisfactory model fit for the three-factor structure of Part B based on overall goodness-of-fit indices. Collectively, these findings provide evidence for the instrument’s robust construct validity and reliability, supporting its suitability for assessing missed nursing care in clinical settings.
Conclusion: Given the critical role of nurses in the healthcare system, providing high-quality and safe nursing care becomes increasingly important. The growing diversity of populations worldwide highlights the pressing need for researchers and healthcare providers to access valid tools across different cultural groups and languages. The Iranian version of the “Missed Nursing Care Survey” is a reliable tool with acceptable internal consistency, good test-retest reliability, and sufficient validity due to its correlation with the original version. Therefore, this tool can be utilized in studies aimed at generating deeper insights into the factors influencing or moderating this complex phenomenon.
Mahnaz Kamani, Nooshin Soleymani Asl, Ali Mansouri,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The expansion of information technology has led to the production of increasing knowledge, which may be a part of this knowledge that is hidden, so the role of knowledge management is very important to reveal knowledge. On the other hand, in health research, which is basically based on the needs of patients, their caregivers, and specialists, knowledge management is of great importance for the quality of their services. The aim of the current research is to analyze the status of research outputs in the field of knowledge management in the health sector.
Materials and Methods: Based on its nature, the present study is descriptive, quantitative, and applied, and was conducted using a lexical co-occurrence scientometric technique. The research community includes 2487 sources, which are the results of all research outputs in the field of knowledge management in the health sector, which are indexed in the Web of Science database. The analysis of the research questions was done through Excel, BibExcel, and VOSviewer software.
Results: According to research findings, the continents of Europe, Asia, and North America, respectively, have had the highest contributions to research output in the field of knowledge management in the health and healthcare sector. Among individual countries, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada demonstrated the most significant activity in this area, while Iran ranked 17th. Among the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the goals of Good Health and Well-being, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, and Quality Education have received the most attention in knowledge management research related to health and healthcare. The keyword co-occurrence map highlights the prominence of terms such as “knowledge management,” “healthcare,” and “electronic health records.” The identified thematic clusters also underscore the significance of three key domains: organizational performance, information management, and health information systems.
Conclusion: In developed countries and the first level of the world, attention to knowledge management in the field of health and health is more prominent. Also, in order to achieve a high level in the field of health and health as an important and effective criterion in most development sectors, it is necessary to address other sustainable development goals, especially by establishing systems Knowledge management in the field of health helped to achieve important goals such as eradicating poverty and hunger and reducing inequalities.
Materials and Methods: Based on its nature, the present study is descriptive, quantitative, and applied, and was conducted using a lexical co-occurrence scientometric technique. The research community includes 2487 sources, which are the results of all research outputs in the field of knowledge management in the health sector, which are indexed in the Web of Science database. The analysis of the research questions was done through Excel, BibExcel, and VOSviewer software.
Results: According to research findings, the continents of Europe, Asia, and North America, respectively, have had the highest contributions to research output in the field of knowledge management in the health and healthcare sector. Among individual countries, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada demonstrated the most significant activity in this area, while Iran ranked 17th. Among the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the goals of Good Health and Well-being, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, and Quality Education have received the most attention in knowledge management research related to health and healthcare. The keyword co-occurrence map highlights the prominence of terms such as “knowledge management,” “healthcare,” and “electronic health records.” The identified thematic clusters also underscore the significance of three key domains: organizational performance, information management, and health information systems.
Conclusion: In developed countries and the first level of the world, attention to knowledge management in the field of health and health is more prominent. Also, in order to achieve a high level in the field of health and health as an important and effective criterion in most development sectors, it is necessary to address other sustainable development goals, especially by establishing systems Knowledge management in the field of health helped to achieve important goals such as eradicating poverty and hunger and reducing inequalities.
Parsa Farmahin Farahany, Maryam Amirshekari, Mohsen Yaghmaie,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Designing a standard surgical preference card and implementing it in the operating room environment can partially solve the problems related to the variety of surgical procedures and the preparation of tools and equipment required for each surgical procedure. The present study aimed to determine the effect of designing and implementing surgical preference card software on the clinical skills of operating room students at Jiroft University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: This study was a semi-experimental intervention study in which 70 operating room students from the 4th, 6th, and 8th semesters of the undergraduate operating room program were selected through a census method and were trained using educational software designed by the researcher. Before and after the training, their clinical skills were assessed using a researcher-made questionnaire and checklist. To confirm the validity of the questionnaires and the researcher-made checklist, the opinion of an expert panel (12 expert faculty members) and the consensus of peer reviewers were used. Then, the data were analyzed in SPSS software using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, nonparametric Wilcoxon test, and analysis of covariance test.
Results: According to the research findings, the use of the designed software was effective on the clinical skills of operating room students. Based on the results of the Willcocson tests, a significant difference was observed in the mean scores of the students’ clinical skills test before and after implementing the designed software. The results of the study showed that the clinical skill scores of the students increased after using the software. The maximum scores of the samples are calculated from 100 points. The average clinical skill score of the subjects in the study increased from 40.98 before the educational intervention to 92.36 after the intervention, and the students had a higher level of skill in preparing the items and tools needed by the surgical team in all three stages before, during, and after surgery. Also, in the study, no relationship was found between any of the demographic variables studied, such as age, gender, and academic semester, and the clinical skills of the study members (P<0/05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the design and use of surgical preference card software in training procedure of operating room students has had an impact on improve their clinical skills. Therefore, the design and use of educational software in the field of anticipating the needs and preparing the requirements of each surgical procedure is recommended to all professors and officials in the operating room field.
Materials and Methods: This study was a semi-experimental intervention study in which 70 operating room students from the 4th, 6th, and 8th semesters of the undergraduate operating room program were selected through a census method and were trained using educational software designed by the researcher. Before and after the training, their clinical skills were assessed using a researcher-made questionnaire and checklist. To confirm the validity of the questionnaires and the researcher-made checklist, the opinion of an expert panel (12 expert faculty members) and the consensus of peer reviewers were used. Then, the data were analyzed in SPSS software using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, nonparametric Wilcoxon test, and analysis of covariance test.
Results: According to the research findings, the use of the designed software was effective on the clinical skills of operating room students. Based on the results of the Willcocson tests, a significant difference was observed in the mean scores of the students’ clinical skills test before and after implementing the designed software. The results of the study showed that the clinical skill scores of the students increased after using the software. The maximum scores of the samples are calculated from 100 points. The average clinical skill score of the subjects in the study increased from 40.98 before the educational intervention to 92.36 after the intervention, and the students had a higher level of skill in preparing the items and tools needed by the surgical team in all three stages before, during, and after surgery. Also, in the study, no relationship was found between any of the demographic variables studied, such as age, gender, and academic semester, and the clinical skills of the study members (P<0/05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the design and use of surgical preference card software in training procedure of operating room students has had an impact on improve their clinical skills. Therefore, the design and use of educational software in the field of anticipating the needs and preparing the requirements of each surgical procedure is recommended to all professors and officials in the operating room field.
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