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Showing 766 results for Type of Study: Original Research
Shaqayeq Taghizadeh, Shahnam Sedigh Mroufi, Kimia Khonakdar, Atiyeh Sadat Sajadi, Alireza Babajani,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (7-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 2 (7-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Learning style refers to each learner’s preferred approach to receiving, processing, and retaining information. It is considered one of the key factors influencing the effectiveness of teaching and learning processes. This study aimed to examine the relationship between learning styles based on the VARK model and gender, academic performance, and academic semester among undergraduate anesthesia students at Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS).
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical (cross-sectional) study was conducted during the 2022–2023 academic year using a census sampling method on 65 undergraduate anesthesia students enrolled in the 2nd, 4th, and 6th semesters at IUMS. Data were collected using the validated VARK questionnaire with a Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient of 98.6 Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, employing descriptive statistics (mean and frequency) and inferential tests (Chi-square and ANOVA). A significance level of P<0.05 was considered.
Results: Out of 60 fully completed questionnaires (32 female and 28 male students), 86.7% of students reported using a single (unimodal) learning style, while 13.3% used multiple (multimodal) styles. The predominant learning style was auditory (46.7%), followed by kinesthetic (23.3%), while visual style was the least frequent (5%). Among multimodal learners, the most common combination was auditory–kinesthetic (6.7%). In all academic semesters (2nd, 4th, and 6th), auditory style remained dominant, with no significant differences found across semesters (P=0.094). Similarly, no significant association was observed between learning styles and gender (P=0.229). ANOVA results indicated no significant relationship between learning styles and academic performance, with a mean GPA of 17.05 (P=0.345).
Conclusion: The findings indicated that most students preferred a single learning style, particularly the auditory modality, with no significant differences based on gender, academic semester, or academic performance. Identifying students’ learning styles and aligning teaching methods accordingly may enhance the teaching–learning process. It is recommended that learning style assessments be conducted at the beginning of academic programs and considered in curriculum planning. Further studies with larger and more diverse samples are suggested to evaluate the impact of learning style-based instruction on student satisfaction and academic achievement.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical (cross-sectional) study was conducted during the 2022–2023 academic year using a census sampling method on 65 undergraduate anesthesia students enrolled in the 2nd, 4th, and 6th semesters at IUMS. Data were collected using the validated VARK questionnaire with a Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient of 98.6 Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, employing descriptive statistics (mean and frequency) and inferential tests (Chi-square and ANOVA). A significance level of P<0.05 was considered.
Results: Out of 60 fully completed questionnaires (32 female and 28 male students), 86.7% of students reported using a single (unimodal) learning style, while 13.3% used multiple (multimodal) styles. The predominant learning style was auditory (46.7%), followed by kinesthetic (23.3%), while visual style was the least frequent (5%). Among multimodal learners, the most common combination was auditory–kinesthetic (6.7%). In all academic semesters (2nd, 4th, and 6th), auditory style remained dominant, with no significant differences found across semesters (P=0.094). Similarly, no significant association was observed between learning styles and gender (P=0.229). ANOVA results indicated no significant relationship between learning styles and academic performance, with a mean GPA of 17.05 (P=0.345).
Conclusion: The findings indicated that most students preferred a single learning style, particularly the auditory modality, with no significant differences based on gender, academic semester, or academic performance. Identifying students’ learning styles and aligning teaching methods accordingly may enhance the teaching–learning process. It is recommended that learning style assessments be conducted at the beginning of academic programs and considered in curriculum planning. Further studies with larger and more diverse samples are suggested to evaluate the impact of learning style-based instruction on student satisfaction and academic achievement.
Seyed Hadi Hosseini, Saeed Shahsavari, Yasaman Poormoosa, Mitra Rahimzadeh,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (7-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 2 (7-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Medical university-affiliated dental clinics, particularly those located in metropolitan areas, provide oral healthcare services to a wide range of patients with diverse demographic and socio-cultural backgrounds. The sustainability and continued effectiveness of these clinics largely depend on patients’ satisfaction and loyalty. Understanding the determinants of these two critical factors and exploring their interrelationship is essential for improving service delivery and enhancing patient retention. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze patient satisfaction and loyalty in a university dental clinic using a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was conducted during 2023–2024 on a sample of 190 patients who visited the dental clinic of Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Participants were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using two standardized questionnaires: one assessing dental patient satisfaction and the other measuring patient loyalty. Structural equation modeling was employed using AMOS software, and model fit was evaluated using standard indices including the Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA).
Results: The SEM analysis revealed a significant and positive relationship between patient satisfaction and loyalty (β=0.931, P<0.001). Among the dimensions of satisfaction, hygiene and physical conditions (β=0.939), responsiveness and service delivery (β=0.847), appointment scheduling and waiting time (β=0.761) had the most substantial impact on overall satisfaction (P<0.001). Additionally, attitudinal (β=0.996) and behavioral (β=0.859) components emerged as key dimensions of patient loyalty. Model fit indices demonstrated an acceptable level of fit with the data (CFI=0.893, RMSEA=0.077).
Conclusion: To enhance patient satisfaction and foster loyalty, university dental clinics should prioritize internal operational improvements, particularly in the areas of environmental hygiene, service responsiveness, and time management. Creating a positive mental impression through these factors can serve as a foundational step in cultivating long-term loyalty, ultimately contributing to the clinic’s credibility and sustainable performance within a competitive healthcare environment.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was conducted during 2023–2024 on a sample of 190 patients who visited the dental clinic of Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Participants were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using two standardized questionnaires: one assessing dental patient satisfaction and the other measuring patient loyalty. Structural equation modeling was employed using AMOS software, and model fit was evaluated using standard indices including the Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA).
Results: The SEM analysis revealed a significant and positive relationship between patient satisfaction and loyalty (β=0.931, P<0.001). Among the dimensions of satisfaction, hygiene and physical conditions (β=0.939), responsiveness and service delivery (β=0.847), appointment scheduling and waiting time (β=0.761) had the most substantial impact on overall satisfaction (P<0.001). Additionally, attitudinal (β=0.996) and behavioral (β=0.859) components emerged as key dimensions of patient loyalty. Model fit indices demonstrated an acceptable level of fit with the data (CFI=0.893, RMSEA=0.077).
Conclusion: To enhance patient satisfaction and foster loyalty, university dental clinics should prioritize internal operational improvements, particularly in the areas of environmental hygiene, service responsiveness, and time management. Creating a positive mental impression through these factors can serve as a foundational step in cultivating long-term loyalty, ultimately contributing to the clinic’s credibility and sustainable performance within a competitive healthcare environment.
Nabeel Taher Jameel Alghanim, Hamed Jadooa Abbas, Hamid Choobineh, Ziba Majidi, Nasrin Dashti,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (7-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 2 (7-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: This study investigated the biochemical profiles of individuals with different stages of kidney disease, including those with kidney disease without hemodialysis, chronic kidney disease without hemodialysis, and individuals with renal failure undergoing hemodialysis treatment, to clarify the role of mineral markers, inflammation, and kidney function in the complications of this disease.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted with 180 participants aged 18 to 81 years in Iraq. Participants were divided into four groups: the case group (including individuals with kidney disease not on dialysis, chronic kidney disease not on dialysis, and kidney failure treated with dialysis) and the control group, which included healthy individuals. Blood levels of urea, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D3, parathyroid hormone (PTH), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and cystatin C were measured.
Results: The results showed that the levels of blood urea, calcium, vitamin D3, cystatin C and hs-CRP were significantly different between the different groups. The mean creatinine in the non-dialysis kidney disease group (3.98±1.77 mg/dL) and non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (4.59±1.63 mg/dL) was different from the dialysis kidney failure group (11.03±3.35 mg/dL) (P=0.001), but there was no significant difference between the two groups of kidney disease without dialysis and chronic kidney disease without dialysis. The phosphorus concentration was significant in all groups (P=0.001) and the highest value was observed in the dialysis kidney failure group. The PTH level was not significantly different between the two groups of non-dialysis, but there was a significant difference compared to the dialysis kidney failure group (P=0.001). Cystatin C was not significantly different in the two non-dialysis groups, but was significantly higher (P=0.001) compared with the renal failure group on dialysis (7.06±1.61 mg/dL).
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that regular monitoring of biochemical biomarkers is essential for the timely diagnosis and effective management of kidney disease. It also highlights the importance of paying attention to metabolic and inflammatory abnormalities in patients with kidney disease (especially in patients on dialysis), including extensive changes in biochemical, hormonal, and inflammatory factors levels that often occur due to severe impairment of kidney function and the dialysis process.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted with 180 participants aged 18 to 81 years in Iraq. Participants were divided into four groups: the case group (including individuals with kidney disease not on dialysis, chronic kidney disease not on dialysis, and kidney failure treated with dialysis) and the control group, which included healthy individuals. Blood levels of urea, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D3, parathyroid hormone (PTH), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and cystatin C were measured.
Results: The results showed that the levels of blood urea, calcium, vitamin D3, cystatin C and hs-CRP were significantly different between the different groups. The mean creatinine in the non-dialysis kidney disease group (3.98±1.77 mg/dL) and non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (4.59±1.63 mg/dL) was different from the dialysis kidney failure group (11.03±3.35 mg/dL) (P=0.001), but there was no significant difference between the two groups of kidney disease without dialysis and chronic kidney disease without dialysis. The phosphorus concentration was significant in all groups (P=0.001) and the highest value was observed in the dialysis kidney failure group. The PTH level was not significantly different between the two groups of non-dialysis, but there was a significant difference compared to the dialysis kidney failure group (P=0.001). Cystatin C was not significantly different in the two non-dialysis groups, but was significantly higher (P=0.001) compared with the renal failure group on dialysis (7.06±1.61 mg/dL).
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that regular monitoring of biochemical biomarkers is essential for the timely diagnosis and effective management of kidney disease. It also highlights the importance of paying attention to metabolic and inflammatory abnormalities in patients with kidney disease (especially in patients on dialysis), including extensive changes in biochemical, hormonal, and inflammatory factors levels that often occur due to severe impairment of kidney function and the dialysis process.
Farid Ghaffari, Seyed Amir Hosein Pishgooie, Armin Zareiyan, Simintaj Sharififar, Somayeh Azarmi,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: CBRN incidents Chemical, Biological, Radioactive and Nuclear are often unpredictable and invisible, leading to fear, anxiety, and disruptions in the provision of healthcare services in the community. The potential consequences and costs of unpreparedness for CBRN incidents can be significant. Rapid and appropriate responses to CBRN incidents play a crucial role in mitigating adverse physical health effects and reducing mortality rates. These factors heavily depend on the preparedness of hospital emergency staff. This study aimed to explore the experiences of hospital emergency clinical staff regarding their preparedness for responding to CBRN incidents in 2024 in Tehran.
Materials and Methods: The present study was a qualitative research employing a conventional content analysis approach. The study population consisted of clinical emergency staff from four hospitals, including one educational-specialized hospital, two public-general hospitals, and one private-general hospital. Participants were selected purposively and through snowball sampling, ensuring maximum variation among clinical emergency staff of hospitals in Tehran Province. Data were collected via in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 13 participants, and sampling continued until data saturation was achieved. For data analysis, the qualitative approach proposed by Graneheim and Lundman was employed, and MAXQDA software version 2022 was used for qualitative data management.
Results: In this study, 13 hospital emergency clinical staff members, including nurses, nursing managers, physicians, and laboratory science experts (8 males and 5 females), with an average work experience of 13 years and 11 months, were interviewed. Findings were extracted in the form of 7 main categories (resources, training and practice, contamination control, coordination, planning and instructions, management and treatment of casualties, structure), 13 subcategories, and 35 semantic codes. The results showed that the lack of specialized training, the absence of appropriate infrastructure for decontamination, and weak intra- and extra-departmental coordination are among the most important challenges to the preparedness of emergency staff in dealing with CBRN incidents. Participants also emphasized the need to provide personal protective equipment, develop specific instructions, and hold periodic drills.
Conclusion: Currently, the level of preparedness of hospital emergency clinical staff in responding to CBRN incidents is limited. Emergency staff play a vital role in responding to CBRN incidents. To ensure their preparedness and response efforts are fully effective, and considering the rising global threats of CBRN incidents, it is recommended to adopt strategies, policies, programs, coordination efforts, funding, and other necessary measures to enhance the preparedness of emergency staff for CBRN incidents.
Materials and Methods: The present study was a qualitative research employing a conventional content analysis approach. The study population consisted of clinical emergency staff from four hospitals, including one educational-specialized hospital, two public-general hospitals, and one private-general hospital. Participants were selected purposively and through snowball sampling, ensuring maximum variation among clinical emergency staff of hospitals in Tehran Province. Data were collected via in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 13 participants, and sampling continued until data saturation was achieved. For data analysis, the qualitative approach proposed by Graneheim and Lundman was employed, and MAXQDA software version 2022 was used for qualitative data management.
Results: In this study, 13 hospital emergency clinical staff members, including nurses, nursing managers, physicians, and laboratory science experts (8 males and 5 females), with an average work experience of 13 years and 11 months, were interviewed. Findings were extracted in the form of 7 main categories (resources, training and practice, contamination control, coordination, planning and instructions, management and treatment of casualties, structure), 13 subcategories, and 35 semantic codes. The results showed that the lack of specialized training, the absence of appropriate infrastructure for decontamination, and weak intra- and extra-departmental coordination are among the most important challenges to the preparedness of emergency staff in dealing with CBRN incidents. Participants also emphasized the need to provide personal protective equipment, develop specific instructions, and hold periodic drills.
Conclusion: Currently, the level of preparedness of hospital emergency clinical staff in responding to CBRN incidents is limited. Emergency staff play a vital role in responding to CBRN incidents. To ensure their preparedness and response efforts are fully effective, and considering the rising global threats of CBRN incidents, it is recommended to adopt strategies, policies, programs, coordination efforts, funding, and other necessary measures to enhance the preparedness of emergency staff for CBRN incidents.
Hamidreza Khakrah, Mohammadreza Yazdankhahfard, Masoud Bahreini, Niloofar Motamed,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: With the advancement of information and communication technology, telehealth has rapidly emerged as a new approach to delivering health-related care. Telenursing, a subset of telehealth, allows nurses to coordinate and manage care using communication technologies. Despite its significant potential, the adoption of telenursing in Iran has been limited, necessitating an examination of the factors that influence its implementation. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between demographic characteristics, including age, gender, marital status, education level, employment history, position, hospital of service, experience with telephone interviews, experience in responding to telephone consultation requests, and knowledge and experience in using telenursing systems, with nurses’ behavioral intention to accept and use this technology.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2023 with 281 nurses from two educational hospitals affiliated with Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, utilizing a complete enumeration method. Data collection tools included a demographic information questionnaire and the Chang et al. questionnaire focusing on the behavioral intention domain. The reliability of the behavioral intention domain of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, which was found to be 0.73. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, such as the mean and standard deviation, as well as inferential tests, including the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the Spearman correlation coefficient. This analysis was performed with SPSS software. A significance level of less than 0.05 was used for all tests.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 33.30±7.46 years, and most of them were female and married. A significant relationship was observed between several demographic characteristics of the nurses and their behavioral intention to adopt telenursing. marital status (r=0.13, P=0.036), experience of conducting phone interviews with patients (r=0.20, P=0.001), experience of responding to phone consultation requests from patients or families (r=0.13, P=0.028), possession of knowledge and information about telenursing (r=0.26, P<0.001), and experience using the telenursing system (r=0.3, P<0.001), were all significantly associated with behavioral intention.
Conclusion: Telenursing, as one of the modern technologies of the present century, can be an effective solution to address the challenges of the healthcare system. The results of the study showed that some individual characteristics are related to the nurses’ behavioral intention to use this technology. To promote this technology, targeted training programs and supportive policies that address these factors are necessary.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2023 with 281 nurses from two educational hospitals affiliated with Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, utilizing a complete enumeration method. Data collection tools included a demographic information questionnaire and the Chang et al. questionnaire focusing on the behavioral intention domain. The reliability of the behavioral intention domain of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, which was found to be 0.73. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, such as the mean and standard deviation, as well as inferential tests, including the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the Spearman correlation coefficient. This analysis was performed with SPSS software. A significance level of less than 0.05 was used for all tests.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 33.30±7.46 years, and most of them were female and married. A significant relationship was observed between several demographic characteristics of the nurses and their behavioral intention to adopt telenursing. marital status (r=0.13, P=0.036), experience of conducting phone interviews with patients (r=0.20, P=0.001), experience of responding to phone consultation requests from patients or families (r=0.13, P=0.028), possession of knowledge and information about telenursing (r=0.26, P<0.001), and experience using the telenursing system (r=0.3, P<0.001), were all significantly associated with behavioral intention.
Conclusion: Telenursing, as one of the modern technologies of the present century, can be an effective solution to address the challenges of the healthcare system. The results of the study showed that some individual characteristics are related to the nurses’ behavioral intention to use this technology. To promote this technology, targeted training programs and supportive policies that address these factors are necessary.
Zahra Ataei Barazandeh, Behzad Imani, Erfan Aubi, Elham Soltani, Mohamadreza Ebadian,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Cataract surgery is one of the most common eye surgeries worldwide. Most individuals undergoing this surgery are elderly patients, and the use of general anesthesia and additional medications can lead to complications during and after the surgery, as well as increased costs for patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of intravenous Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl, as well as Midazolam and intravenous Sufentanil, on pain intensity, hemodynamic status, surgeon satisfaction, and the level of sedation in patients undergoing cataract surgery.
Materials and Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 80 patients who were candidates for cataract surgery at Farshchian Sina Hospital in Hamadan. Sampling was carried out from March 10, 2023 to August 21, 2024. The intervention group received Dexmedetomidine and intravenous fentanyl, while the control group received midazolam and Sufentanil. Blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation level, were measured. Pain intensity, surgeon satisfaction, and the level of sedation in patients were measured and recorded. The results of the research utilized qualitative and quantitative variables based on the study groups, using counts (percentages) and means (standard deviations). For the statistical analysis of these variables at baseline, chi-square tests and independent t-tests were employed. To assess the impact of treatment groups on pain throughout the study, repeated measures ANOVA was used, and the interaction between time and group was evaluated. In cases where the outcome variable under study was not normally distributed, non-parametric equivalents such as the Mann-Whitney test were applied. A significance level of P-Value<0.05 was considered. All statistical tests were conducted using Stata software.
Results: In the intervention group, heart rate and blood pressure decreased over time. Changes in heart rate and blood pressure had no effect on the patients’ recovery process. Oxygen saturation level in the intervention group did not change compared to the control group over time. The medication used in the intervention group did not cause shortness of breath or a decrease in oxygen saturation levels. Additionally, there was no significant difference in pain levels between the two groups. The level of sedation in patients and surgeon satisfaction in the intervention group was higher than the control group.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the research, it is recommended to use Dexmedetomidine in cataract surgery and other surgeries that require sedation.
Materials and Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 80 patients who were candidates for cataract surgery at Farshchian Sina Hospital in Hamadan. Sampling was carried out from March 10, 2023 to August 21, 2024. The intervention group received Dexmedetomidine and intravenous fentanyl, while the control group received midazolam and Sufentanil. Blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation level, were measured. Pain intensity, surgeon satisfaction, and the level of sedation in patients were measured and recorded. The results of the research utilized qualitative and quantitative variables based on the study groups, using counts (percentages) and means (standard deviations). For the statistical analysis of these variables at baseline, chi-square tests and independent t-tests were employed. To assess the impact of treatment groups on pain throughout the study, repeated measures ANOVA was used, and the interaction between time and group was evaluated. In cases where the outcome variable under study was not normally distributed, non-parametric equivalents such as the Mann-Whitney test were applied. A significance level of P-Value<0.05 was considered. All statistical tests were conducted using Stata software.
Results: In the intervention group, heart rate and blood pressure decreased over time. Changes in heart rate and blood pressure had no effect on the patients’ recovery process. Oxygen saturation level in the intervention group did not change compared to the control group over time. The medication used in the intervention group did not cause shortness of breath or a decrease in oxygen saturation levels. Additionally, there was no significant difference in pain levels between the two groups. The level of sedation in patients and surgeon satisfaction in the intervention group was higher than the control group.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the research, it is recommended to use Dexmedetomidine in cataract surgery and other surgeries that require sedation.
Alireza Seyfi Ardali, Yoones Shahbazi, Mohammad Javad Katani, Mehrdad Azarbarzin,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Cognitive-behavioral therapy is one of the effective types of psychotherapy in the treatment of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety disorders, depression and improving mental health. This study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy on the mental health of patients with a history of myocardial infarction hospitalized in hospitals in Kermanshah province in 2024.
Materials and Methods: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of implementation method, it is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population of this study included all patients hospitalized with myocardial infarction in hospitals in Kermanshah province, from whom 45 people were selected conveniently and based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (three groups of 15 people). To collect the information required for the study, the Goldberg (2003) Demographic and Mental Health Questionnaire was used. SPSS statistical software and t-test and ANOVA statistical tests were used to analyze the research data.
Results: Out of a total of 45 participants, 29 were male (65.4%) and 16 were female (34.6%). The comparison of their mean mental health scores before the intervention in the pre-test and post-test was (64.8±11.18, 63.33±11.34), (62.6±12.22, 58.07±12.94) and (64.87±10.56, 61.87±10.59), respectively. Also, the results of the analysis of covariance test for comparing mental health in the acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive therapy groups showed that the F value obtained was 7.111 and its significance level was also smaller than 0.05 and was significant (P<0.05). As a result, both text-based acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy had a positive effect on the mental health of patients with a history of heart attack, and among them, the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy was higher.
Conclusion: Considering the lower mean scores of the ACT-based therapy group in the post-test, it can be concluded that it was more effective than cognitive behavioral therapy in increasing mental health.
Materials and Methods: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of implementation method, it is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population of this study included all patients hospitalized with myocardial infarction in hospitals in Kermanshah province, from whom 45 people were selected conveniently and based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (three groups of 15 people). To collect the information required for the study, the Goldberg (2003) Demographic and Mental Health Questionnaire was used. SPSS statistical software and t-test and ANOVA statistical tests were used to analyze the research data.
Results: Out of a total of 45 participants, 29 were male (65.4%) and 16 were female (34.6%). The comparison of their mean mental health scores before the intervention in the pre-test and post-test was (64.8±11.18, 63.33±11.34), (62.6±12.22, 58.07±12.94) and (64.87±10.56, 61.87±10.59), respectively. Also, the results of the analysis of covariance test for comparing mental health in the acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive therapy groups showed that the F value obtained was 7.111 and its significance level was also smaller than 0.05 and was significant (P<0.05). As a result, both text-based acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy had a positive effect on the mental health of patients with a history of heart attack, and among them, the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy was higher.
Conclusion: Considering the lower mean scores of the ACT-based therapy group in the post-test, it can be concluded that it was more effective than cognitive behavioral therapy in increasing mental health.
Afzal Shamsi, Musab Ghaderi, Sajjad Mirzaee,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the risks of the nursing profession is psychosocial risks that affect their adaptation and, consequently, their resilience. This risk can have a deeper impact in certain situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic; Accordingly, the present study was conducted with the aim of “determining the relationship between resilience and demographic information in nurses working in COVID-19 special wards”.
Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study and was conducted among 128 nurses working in the COVID-19 special wards of Ziaian Hospital in 2021. Participants were selected using convenience sampling based on inclusion criteria. Data were collected using demographic questionnaires and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). The scale’s score ranges from 0 to 100 (cutoff point 50), with scores above 50 indicating resilience. This questionnaire has been translated and validated by Iranian researchers. Its content validity was 0.82, and its reliability, based on Cronbach’s alpha, ranged from 0.74 to 0.9 for all subscales. The data were then analyzed using SPSS software with descriptive and inferential statistical tests. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 35.59±7.22 years. The majority of nurses were male (61.7%) and married (89.8%). The mean resilience score among nurses was 37.25±5.68, which is considered very low given the cutoff point of 50. Results from linear regression showed that work experience (β=0.485, P=0.000), shift work (β=0.233, P=0.084), and employment type (β=0.189, P=0.021) had significant predictive power for overall resilience. This indicates that nurses with fixed shifts, more work experience, and permanent or contractual employment tend to have greater resilience. This analysis revealed that these variables, in total, predict 26% of the variance in the overall resilience variable.
Conclusion: Finally, the results of this study showed that the resilience of nurses working in COVID-19 special wards was low. Factors such as service history, work shift, and employment status were effective on their resilience. Accordingly, planning to improve the level of nurses’ resilience is necessary, especially in critical situations.
Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study and was conducted among 128 nurses working in the COVID-19 special wards of Ziaian Hospital in 2021. Participants were selected using convenience sampling based on inclusion criteria. Data were collected using demographic questionnaires and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). The scale’s score ranges from 0 to 100 (cutoff point 50), with scores above 50 indicating resilience. This questionnaire has been translated and validated by Iranian researchers. Its content validity was 0.82, and its reliability, based on Cronbach’s alpha, ranged from 0.74 to 0.9 for all subscales. The data were then analyzed using SPSS software with descriptive and inferential statistical tests. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 35.59±7.22 years. The majority of nurses were male (61.7%) and married (89.8%). The mean resilience score among nurses was 37.25±5.68, which is considered very low given the cutoff point of 50. Results from linear regression showed that work experience (β=0.485, P=0.000), shift work (β=0.233, P=0.084), and employment type (β=0.189, P=0.021) had significant predictive power for overall resilience. This indicates that nurses with fixed shifts, more work experience, and permanent or contractual employment tend to have greater resilience. This analysis revealed that these variables, in total, predict 26% of the variance in the overall resilience variable.
Conclusion: Finally, the results of this study showed that the resilience of nurses working in COVID-19 special wards was low. Factors such as service history, work shift, and employment status were effective on their resilience. Accordingly, planning to improve the level of nurses’ resilience is necessary, especially in critical situations.
Mahnaz Moghadari Koosha, Iraj Salehi, Elaheh Mousavi, Mohammad Reza Safari, Nasim Alipour, Hossein Vakili Mofrad,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The hidden curriculum is considered the most powerful means of transmitting professional values. Given the critical importance of managing the hidden curriculum to institutionalize professional ethics and professionalism within health higher education institutions, the present study was conducted to explore the perceptions of operating room and anesthesia students and instructors regarding the impact of the hidden curriculum on the promotion of professional ethics.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using a qualitative approach based on conventional content analysis. The study population included final-year students and instructors from the operating room and anesthesia disciplines at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Participants were selected through purposive and theoretical sampling methods. Data were collected via in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Data saturation was achieved after conducting 24 interviews. The data analysis followed the qualitative content analysis approach proposed by Graneheim and Lundman (2004), and was carried out in seven steps: 1. familiarization with the data, 2. identification of meaning units, 3. initial coding, 4. formation of subcategories, 5. development of categories, 6. extraction of themes, and 7. final review.
Results: The content analysis of the interviews resulted in the identification of 456 initial codes. Following refinement and consolidation, these codes were organized into four overarching categories and ten subcategories. The main categories comprised: ‘Components of the hidden curriculum in professional ethics education’, ‘Mechanisms through which the hidden curriculum exerts influence’, ‘Consequences of the hidden curriculum’, and ‘Strategies for enhancing professional ethics’. The findings indicated that the hidden curriculum, manifested through the behavioral patterns of faculty members and instructors, organizational culture, and interpersonal interactions, plays a pivotal role in shaping students’ ethical attitudes and behaviors. Furthermore, the hidden curriculum, through processes of unconscious learning, reinforcement or erosion of formal values, and the manner in which rules are implemented, can yield both positive outcomes—such as the development of ethical decision-making skills—and negative outcomes, including diminished ethical sensitivity.
Conclusion: This study revealed that the hidden curriculum in operating room and anesthesia education functions as a dual-force phenomenon. On one hand, it fosters the development of professional ethics through constructive role modeling and authentic clinical experiences. On the other hand, it can contribute to ethical erosion by conveying contradictory messages and unhealthy norms. Achieving sustainable ethical learning requires active management of the hidden curriculum through three key strategies: aligning the formal and hidden curricula, empowering instructors as agents of ethical value transmission, and shifting the organizational culture paradigm toward learning from error.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using a qualitative approach based on conventional content analysis. The study population included final-year students and instructors from the operating room and anesthesia disciplines at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Participants were selected through purposive and theoretical sampling methods. Data were collected via in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Data saturation was achieved after conducting 24 interviews. The data analysis followed the qualitative content analysis approach proposed by Graneheim and Lundman (2004), and was carried out in seven steps: 1. familiarization with the data, 2. identification of meaning units, 3. initial coding, 4. formation of subcategories, 5. development of categories, 6. extraction of themes, and 7. final review.
Results: The content analysis of the interviews resulted in the identification of 456 initial codes. Following refinement and consolidation, these codes were organized into four overarching categories and ten subcategories. The main categories comprised: ‘Components of the hidden curriculum in professional ethics education’, ‘Mechanisms through which the hidden curriculum exerts influence’, ‘Consequences of the hidden curriculum’, and ‘Strategies for enhancing professional ethics’. The findings indicated that the hidden curriculum, manifested through the behavioral patterns of faculty members and instructors, organizational culture, and interpersonal interactions, plays a pivotal role in shaping students’ ethical attitudes and behaviors. Furthermore, the hidden curriculum, through processes of unconscious learning, reinforcement or erosion of formal values, and the manner in which rules are implemented, can yield both positive outcomes—such as the development of ethical decision-making skills—and negative outcomes, including diminished ethical sensitivity.
Conclusion: This study revealed that the hidden curriculum in operating room and anesthesia education functions as a dual-force phenomenon. On one hand, it fosters the development of professional ethics through constructive role modeling and authentic clinical experiences. On the other hand, it can contribute to ethical erosion by conveying contradictory messages and unhealthy norms. Achieving sustainable ethical learning requires active management of the hidden curriculum through three key strategies: aligning the formal and hidden curricula, empowering instructors as agents of ethical value transmission, and shifting the organizational culture paradigm toward learning from error.
Atefeh Abbasi, Somayeh Nasiri, Sayyed Mostafa Mostafavi, Abbas Habibolahi,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a clinical syndrome characterized by impaired brain function resulting from oxygen deprivation and reduced cerebral blood flow. Developing predictive models can serve as valuable tools for physicians in forecasting disease outcomes and facilitating early interventions. The present study was conducted with the aim of constructing a predictive model for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy using data mining algorithms.
Materials and Methods: This applied study was conducted using a descriptive approach. In the first stage, the factors influencing the prediction of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy were identified through expert surveys. In the second stage, data pertaining to 4,000 neonates were collected from the Iman system, available in the database of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, during the years 2020–2021. Following preprocessing, a dataset comprising 3,962 records with 13 features was extracted. Subsequently, predictive models were developed using algorithms including artificial neural networks, decision tree variants, random forest, support vector machines, logistic regression, and Bayesian networks. Model construction was performed using the Python programming language within the Anaconda environment. Finally, performance evaluation and comparison were carried out using metrics such as accuracy, precision, specificity, F1-score, and the Area Under the Curve (AUC).
Results: The findings of the study revealed that the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUROC) for models developed using logistic regression, artificial neural networks, random forest, Bayesian networks, support vector machines, and decision trees were 86%, 86%, 84%, 82%, 76%, and 74%, respectively. The highest performance was achieved by the logistic regression algorithm, with an accuracy of 81%, sensitivity of 85%, and specificity of 96%. The greatest sensitivity was observed in logistic regression, artificial neural networks, and support vector machines, whereas the naïve Bayesian algorithm demonstrated the lowest performance metrics. In the predictive model for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, the most influential feature was the first-minute Apgar score, while the least influential factor was delivery outside the hospital.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicated that the predictive model for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy based on the logistic regression algorithm demonstrated superior performance. It is anticipated that the application of practical data-driven algorithms for neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy will play a crucial role in the rapid identification of the condition and the provision of appropriate treatment. Such approaches can enable healthcare professionals to act within the critical window of opportunity, thereby improving the quality of care, preventing disease progression, and reducing the severity of adverse outcomes.
Materials and Methods: This applied study was conducted using a descriptive approach. In the first stage, the factors influencing the prediction of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy were identified through expert surveys. In the second stage, data pertaining to 4,000 neonates were collected from the Iman system, available in the database of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, during the years 2020–2021. Following preprocessing, a dataset comprising 3,962 records with 13 features was extracted. Subsequently, predictive models were developed using algorithms including artificial neural networks, decision tree variants, random forest, support vector machines, logistic regression, and Bayesian networks. Model construction was performed using the Python programming language within the Anaconda environment. Finally, performance evaluation and comparison were carried out using metrics such as accuracy, precision, specificity, F1-score, and the Area Under the Curve (AUC).
Results: The findings of the study revealed that the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUROC) for models developed using logistic regression, artificial neural networks, random forest, Bayesian networks, support vector machines, and decision trees were 86%, 86%, 84%, 82%, 76%, and 74%, respectively. The highest performance was achieved by the logistic regression algorithm, with an accuracy of 81%, sensitivity of 85%, and specificity of 96%. The greatest sensitivity was observed in logistic regression, artificial neural networks, and support vector machines, whereas the naïve Bayesian algorithm demonstrated the lowest performance metrics. In the predictive model for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, the most influential feature was the first-minute Apgar score, while the least influential factor was delivery outside the hospital.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicated that the predictive model for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy based on the logistic regression algorithm demonstrated superior performance. It is anticipated that the application of practical data-driven algorithms for neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy will play a crucial role in the rapid identification of the condition and the provision of appropriate treatment. Such approaches can enable healthcare professionals to act within the critical window of opportunity, thereby improving the quality of care, preventing disease progression, and reducing the severity of adverse outcomes.
Manizheh Mohammadi, Leila Nazarimanesh, Mozhgan Karimi,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Today, structural empowerment has been considered as one of the key factors in improving the performance of organizations, especially in the field of health and treatment. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between structural empowerment and entrepreneurial organizational culture of employees in health and treatment centers of Shahr Salem Company.
Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytical study with an applied purpose, which is positivist in terms of research philosophy, with a deductive and quantitative approach, correlational in terms of research purpose, and cross-sectional in terms of time, and the data were collected using a survey method. The sample size was determined using the Cochran formula to be 263 people and was selected using a stratified, simple, and questioning random method. Standard Kanter structural empowerment questionnaires and Cornwall and Baron entrepreneurial organizational culture questionnaires were used to collect data. The data were analyzed with SPSS and Smart PLS 3 software.
Results: The findings showed that structural empowerment has a significant relationship with entrepreneurial organizational culture (rs=0.606 and P=0.000). Also, empowerment dimensions including opportunity (rs=0.505), information (rs=0.484), resources (rs=0.552) and support (rs=0.509) have a positive effect on entrepreneurial organizational culture. Statistical results showed that the greatest effect was related to the resource dimension. The opportunity dimension also plays a significant role in increasing employee motivation, which can pave the way for promoting entrepreneurial culture. In addition, in the first hypothesis, the relationship between entrepreneurial organizational culture and opportunity has been examined, which indicates the existence of a positive and significant relationship between these two variables. Also, P-value is 0.000, which is less than the significance level of 0.05, making this relationship statistically significant. In the second hypothesis, the relationship between information and entrepreneurial organizational culture has been confirmed with rs=0.484. The P-value less than 0.05, indicating the P-value is 0.009 which is significance of this relationship. the relationship between support and entrepreneurial organizational culture has been tested, indicating that this relationship is also positive and significant. The P-value is 0.008, which is less than 0.05, indicating the significance of this relationship. In the relationship between resources and entrepreneurial organizational culture, the P-value is 0.004, which is less than 0.05, this relationship is confirmed.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that structural empowerment, especially in the dimensions of access to resources, information, opportunities, and organizational support, has a positive and significant effect on strengthening the entrepreneurial organizational culture in health centers. Creating supportive infrastructures and providing opportunities for growth and improvement of employees’ skills can increase their motivation, creativity, and innovation. Making decision-making processes transparent and designing reward systems based on innovation promotes employee participation and responsibility. In addition, facilitating the free flow of information and knowledge, supporting innovative ideas, and developing creative skills pave the way for creating a sustainable entrepreneurial culture and improving the overall performance of the organization, and strengthening organizational capacities.
Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytical study with an applied purpose, which is positivist in terms of research philosophy, with a deductive and quantitative approach, correlational in terms of research purpose, and cross-sectional in terms of time, and the data were collected using a survey method. The sample size was determined using the Cochran formula to be 263 people and was selected using a stratified, simple, and questioning random method. Standard Kanter structural empowerment questionnaires and Cornwall and Baron entrepreneurial organizational culture questionnaires were used to collect data. The data were analyzed with SPSS and Smart PLS 3 software.
Results: The findings showed that structural empowerment has a significant relationship with entrepreneurial organizational culture (rs=0.606 and P=0.000). Also, empowerment dimensions including opportunity (rs=0.505), information (rs=0.484), resources (rs=0.552) and support (rs=0.509) have a positive effect on entrepreneurial organizational culture. Statistical results showed that the greatest effect was related to the resource dimension. The opportunity dimension also plays a significant role in increasing employee motivation, which can pave the way for promoting entrepreneurial culture. In addition, in the first hypothesis, the relationship between entrepreneurial organizational culture and opportunity has been examined, which indicates the existence of a positive and significant relationship between these two variables. Also, P-value is 0.000, which is less than the significance level of 0.05, making this relationship statistically significant. In the second hypothesis, the relationship between information and entrepreneurial organizational culture has been confirmed with rs=0.484. The P-value less than 0.05, indicating the P-value is 0.009 which is significance of this relationship. the relationship between support and entrepreneurial organizational culture has been tested, indicating that this relationship is also positive and significant. The P-value is 0.008, which is less than 0.05, indicating the significance of this relationship. In the relationship between resources and entrepreneurial organizational culture, the P-value is 0.004, which is less than 0.05, this relationship is confirmed.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that structural empowerment, especially in the dimensions of access to resources, information, opportunities, and organizational support, has a positive and significant effect on strengthening the entrepreneurial organizational culture in health centers. Creating supportive infrastructures and providing opportunities for growth and improvement of employees’ skills can increase their motivation, creativity, and innovation. Making decision-making processes transparent and designing reward systems based on innovation promotes employee participation and responsibility. In addition, facilitating the free flow of information and knowledge, supporting innovative ideas, and developing creative skills pave the way for creating a sustainable entrepreneurial culture and improving the overall performance of the organization, and strengthening organizational capacities.
Taraneh Mohajeri, Talaat Khadivzadeh, Fatemeh Hadizadeh-Talasaz, Zahra Hadizadeh-Talasaz, Negar Sangsefidi,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Lack of awareness and inadequate knowledge about pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD), its nature, complications, prevention, and available treatments leads to increased anxiety, exacerbation of disease symptoms, and decreased quality of life. Given the high prevalence of pelvic floor disorders, this study aimed to determine the knowledge of pelvic floor disorders in women referring to clinics of teaching hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted in the women’s clinics of teaching hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in the period from July and December 2024. 205 people were included in the study using a convenience sampling method with inclusion criteria. Eligibility criteria included Iranian women over 18 years who spoke Persian and could read and write, and who provided consent to participate in the study. Participants who completed the questionnaires incompletely (more than 20% of questions unanswered) were excluded from the study. The data collection tool was a demographic and prolapse and incontinence knowledge questionnaire (PIKQ). Data analysis was performed using SPSS after checking for normality with Kolmogorov-Smirnov.
Results: The median age of the participants was 41. The median knowledge in the field of pelvic organ prolapse was 9 (total score range from 0 to 12), and in the field of urinary incontinence was 8 (total score range from 0 to 12), and the median overall score of the questionnaire was 17 (total score range from 0 to 24), and an interquartile range of 7. 98. (47.8%) of the women had poor and moderate knowledge, and 107 (52.2%) had good knowledge. The highest level of knowledge was related to the etiology domain, while the lowest was related to the diagnosis domain. An analysis of the relationship between demographic variables and the knowledge of pelvic floor disorders showed that, overall, there was no significant association between age (P=0.60), history of pelvic floor disorders (P=0.73), number of deliveries (P=0.67), and mode of delivery (P=0.37) with the knowledge score of pelvic floor disorders.The majority of participants (106 individuals, 51.7%) obtained their required health information from physicians, midwives, or other healthcare providers.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that almost half of the participants had poor to moderate levels of knowledge, and the lowest level of knowledge among participants with both disorders was in the areas of diagnosis and treatment. It is recommended that educational programs be designed and implemented to increase the awareness of women in the community about pelvic floor disorders. Additionally, the use of a pelvic floor disorders knowledge questionnaire may aid physicians in monitoring educational and therapeutic interventions for patients and ensuring that they receive the information necessary to manage their condition effectively.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted in the women’s clinics of teaching hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in the period from July and December 2024. 205 people were included in the study using a convenience sampling method with inclusion criteria. Eligibility criteria included Iranian women over 18 years who spoke Persian and could read and write, and who provided consent to participate in the study. Participants who completed the questionnaires incompletely (more than 20% of questions unanswered) were excluded from the study. The data collection tool was a demographic and prolapse and incontinence knowledge questionnaire (PIKQ). Data analysis was performed using SPSS after checking for normality with Kolmogorov-Smirnov.
Results: The median age of the participants was 41. The median knowledge in the field of pelvic organ prolapse was 9 (total score range from 0 to 12), and in the field of urinary incontinence was 8 (total score range from 0 to 12), and the median overall score of the questionnaire was 17 (total score range from 0 to 24), and an interquartile range of 7. 98. (47.8%) of the women had poor and moderate knowledge, and 107 (52.2%) had good knowledge. The highest level of knowledge was related to the etiology domain, while the lowest was related to the diagnosis domain. An analysis of the relationship between demographic variables and the knowledge of pelvic floor disorders showed that, overall, there was no significant association between age (P=0.60), history of pelvic floor disorders (P=0.73), number of deliveries (P=0.67), and mode of delivery (P=0.37) with the knowledge score of pelvic floor disorders.The majority of participants (106 individuals, 51.7%) obtained their required health information from physicians, midwives, or other healthcare providers.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that almost half of the participants had poor to moderate levels of knowledge, and the lowest level of knowledge among participants with both disorders was in the areas of diagnosis and treatment. It is recommended that educational programs be designed and implemented to increase the awareness of women in the community about pelvic floor disorders. Additionally, the use of a pelvic floor disorders knowledge questionnaire may aid physicians in monitoring educational and therapeutic interventions for patients and ensuring that they receive the information necessary to manage their condition effectively.
Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan, Seyed Farshad Allameh, Neda Alizadeh, Tahereh Sharifi,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Retention of faculty members is one of the fundamental challenges of the country’s health system. Therefore, this study aimed was conducted with the aim of providing strategies for retaining faculty members in the health field.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in a combined manner in three stages in 2024. In a field review, related articles were reviewed from the Magiran, SID, PubMed databases and using the Google scholar search engine. Out of 18,977 identified studies, 37 articles were selected and reviewed after several stages of screening. In the second stage, 12 semi-structured interviews were conducted with relevant experts and managers using an inductive approach based on the rules of directional content analysis to identify the factors of retention of faculty members in the health field. Accordingly, the human resource management framework, which includes 5 stages of familiarization with the data, identification of the thematic framework, indexing, display with a diagram, and interpretation of the results, was used for data analysis in this study. MAXQDA-2020 software was used to analyze the research data. Finally, in the third stage, using a prioritization matrix, the solutions were scored and prioritized by 17 experts.
Results: Strategies were identified and classified into 10 areas based on the human resources management cycle, including recruitment, selection and hiring, growth and development, performance evaluation, compensation, organizational culture, improving working conditions, motivation, termination of employment, and external factors. Then, those in each area were prioritized based on their level of efficacy, with the highest priority solutions including improvement of the country’s financial and economic conditions (mean score=4.92 out of 5), an increase in faculty members’ salaries (4.90), removal of the salary cap (4.88), establishment of housing cooperatives (4.82), respect for the dignity and social status of retired professors (4.80), provision of recreational facilities for faculty members (4.79), enhancement of transparency, accountability, and adherence to the rule of law in the country (4.79), and increased faculty participation in decision-making processes (4.47).
Conclusion: Given the results, strategies such as focusing on improving the financial situation, promoting transparency, and increasing the well-being of faculty members can be effective in increasing the motivation and retention of faculty members in the health sector. Therefore, the implementation of these strategies by policymakers and education administrators is expected to improve the retention of faculty members in this sector.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in a combined manner in three stages in 2024. In a field review, related articles were reviewed from the Magiran, SID, PubMed databases and using the Google scholar search engine. Out of 18,977 identified studies, 37 articles were selected and reviewed after several stages of screening. In the second stage, 12 semi-structured interviews were conducted with relevant experts and managers using an inductive approach based on the rules of directional content analysis to identify the factors of retention of faculty members in the health field. Accordingly, the human resource management framework, which includes 5 stages of familiarization with the data, identification of the thematic framework, indexing, display with a diagram, and interpretation of the results, was used for data analysis in this study. MAXQDA-2020 software was used to analyze the research data. Finally, in the third stage, using a prioritization matrix, the solutions were scored and prioritized by 17 experts.
Results: Strategies were identified and classified into 10 areas based on the human resources management cycle, including recruitment, selection and hiring, growth and development, performance evaluation, compensation, organizational culture, improving working conditions, motivation, termination of employment, and external factors. Then, those in each area were prioritized based on their level of efficacy, with the highest priority solutions including improvement of the country’s financial and economic conditions (mean score=4.92 out of 5), an increase in faculty members’ salaries (4.90), removal of the salary cap (4.88), establishment of housing cooperatives (4.82), respect for the dignity and social status of retired professors (4.80), provision of recreational facilities for faculty members (4.79), enhancement of transparency, accountability, and adherence to the rule of law in the country (4.79), and increased faculty participation in decision-making processes (4.47).
Conclusion: Given the results, strategies such as focusing on improving the financial situation, promoting transparency, and increasing the well-being of faculty members can be effective in increasing the motivation and retention of faculty members in the health sector. Therefore, the implementation of these strategies by policymakers and education administrators is expected to improve the retention of faculty members in this sector.
Maryam Amirshekari, Seyyedeh Maryam Seyyedi, Faeze Fakhri, Mohsen Yaghmaei,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Shift handover is one of the key processes in clinical settings, during which patient care is transferred from one healthcare team to the next. Weaknesses in this process—particularly in high-pressure environments such as operating rooms—may lead to reduced quality of information transfer and staff dissatisfaction. This study aimed to determine the effect of the standard SBAR communication model on the quality of the shift handover process and the satisfaction of operating room personnel.
Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study with a pretest–posttest design was conducted in 2023 at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Jiroft. Sampling was performed using a census method, and a total of 66 operating room staff members participated in the study. The intervention consisted of a two-hour training session (including theoretical and practical components) on the SBAR model. Data were collected using the standard CEX checklist to assess handover quality and a modified version of the Petrovic questionnaire to evaluate staff satisfaction. The validity and reliability of the instruments were confirmed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and paired t-tests. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered.
Results: The study participants included 66 operating room staff members, comprising 39 women and 27 men, with a mean age of 30.2±2.45 years. The mean score of shift handover quality significantly increased after SBAR training, rising from 73.80±13.99 before the training to 102.18±10.69 after the training, which corresponds to an improvement of approximately 20.9% relative to the total score range of the instrument (P<0.001). Furthermore, staff satisfaction with the shift handover process also improved, increasing from 37.85±4.77 to 42.41±4.76, representing an improvement of approximately 11.4% relative to the total instrument score range (P<0.001). These changes indicate the positive impact of SBAR training on both the shift handover process and the staff experience.
Conclusion: The findings indicated that training and implementation of the SBAR model were associated with significant improvements in handover quality and staff satisfaction. These results suggest that using structured communication tools may help improve certain aspects of the handover process. However, due to the lack of a control group and the short follow-up period, it is not possible to draw firm conclusions about the long-term effects of the intervention. Therefore, SBAR-based training may be considered as a recommended option; however, further studies with stronger designs and in diverse clinical settings are needed to more accurately evaluate its outcomes.
Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study with a pretest–posttest design was conducted in 2023 at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Jiroft. Sampling was performed using a census method, and a total of 66 operating room staff members participated in the study. The intervention consisted of a two-hour training session (including theoretical and practical components) on the SBAR model. Data were collected using the standard CEX checklist to assess handover quality and a modified version of the Petrovic questionnaire to evaluate staff satisfaction. The validity and reliability of the instruments were confirmed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and paired t-tests. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered.
Results: The study participants included 66 operating room staff members, comprising 39 women and 27 men, with a mean age of 30.2±2.45 years. The mean score of shift handover quality significantly increased after SBAR training, rising from 73.80±13.99 before the training to 102.18±10.69 after the training, which corresponds to an improvement of approximately 20.9% relative to the total score range of the instrument (P<0.001). Furthermore, staff satisfaction with the shift handover process also improved, increasing from 37.85±4.77 to 42.41±4.76, representing an improvement of approximately 11.4% relative to the total instrument score range (P<0.001). These changes indicate the positive impact of SBAR training on both the shift handover process and the staff experience.
Conclusion: The findings indicated that training and implementation of the SBAR model were associated with significant improvements in handover quality and staff satisfaction. These results suggest that using structured communication tools may help improve certain aspects of the handover process. However, due to the lack of a control group and the short follow-up period, it is not possible to draw firm conclusions about the long-term effects of the intervention. Therefore, SBAR-based training may be considered as a recommended option; however, further studies with stronger designs and in diverse clinical settings are needed to more accurately evaluate its outcomes.
Shohreh Seyyed-Hosseini, Marzieh Shahbazi, Alireza Davarpanah, Fatemeh Kalteh, Reza Basirian-Jahromi,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The monitoring of users’ real-time and continuous web searches, in conjunction with the identification of research conducted by experts in a specific field, constitutes the domain of infodemiology. The present study sought to examine the correlation between the demand for health information among users and the scientific output of researchers in elderly health from 2015 to 2024.
Materials and Methods: The present data mining research is of a descriptive-analytical nature, conducted using web mining and scientometrics approaches, employing infodemiology indicators. The web mining section of the study population comprised global user search keywords in the field of elderly health, as examined using Google Trends. In the scientometrics section, the research conducted by researchers in the field of elderly health was analyzed. This research was indexed in the PubMed database from 2015 to 2024. To examine the alignment between users’ information-seeking behavior and researchers’ scientific output, correlation tests were performed using SPSS software.
Results: A rise was observed in the volume of scientific output from researchers and the user search volume index in the field of elderly health on the Google search engine from 2015 to 2024. The monthly mean growth of scientific output from researchers over the ten years was 1439.70. In the user behavior of health information seeking (health information demand), the highest relative search volume index belonged to Ireland, Jamaica, and the United States of America, respectively. The highest number of scientific articles by researchers in the field of elderly health, with 20,480 articles, was related to the year 2021. Also, the average monthly growth of scientific output by researchers in the field of elderly health in this ten-year period (from January 2015 to December 2024) was 1439.70. The investigation revealed a direct and significant relationship (P-value<0.005) between users’ information-seeking behavior and researchers’ scientific output in this field, as determined by applying the Google search engine.
Conclusion: A multitude of factors have the capacity to influence the level of scientific output from researchers in the field of elderly health. In view of the positive relationship that has been observed and the reciprocal relation between the variables of users’ information-seeking behavior and researchers’ scientific output, it can be concluded that the factor of information demand, or users’ internet information-seeking behavior in the web environment, in this area, can be one of the most significant factors. This factor must be given due consideration through rigorous research.
Materials and Methods: The present data mining research is of a descriptive-analytical nature, conducted using web mining and scientometrics approaches, employing infodemiology indicators. The web mining section of the study population comprised global user search keywords in the field of elderly health, as examined using Google Trends. In the scientometrics section, the research conducted by researchers in the field of elderly health was analyzed. This research was indexed in the PubMed database from 2015 to 2024. To examine the alignment between users’ information-seeking behavior and researchers’ scientific output, correlation tests were performed using SPSS software.
Results: A rise was observed in the volume of scientific output from researchers and the user search volume index in the field of elderly health on the Google search engine from 2015 to 2024. The monthly mean growth of scientific output from researchers over the ten years was 1439.70. In the user behavior of health information seeking (health information demand), the highest relative search volume index belonged to Ireland, Jamaica, and the United States of America, respectively. The highest number of scientific articles by researchers in the field of elderly health, with 20,480 articles, was related to the year 2021. Also, the average monthly growth of scientific output by researchers in the field of elderly health in this ten-year period (from January 2015 to December 2024) was 1439.70. The investigation revealed a direct and significant relationship (P-value<0.005) between users’ information-seeking behavior and researchers’ scientific output in this field, as determined by applying the Google search engine.
Conclusion: A multitude of factors have the capacity to influence the level of scientific output from researchers in the field of elderly health. In view of the positive relationship that has been observed and the reciprocal relation between the variables of users’ information-seeking behavior and researchers’ scientific output, it can be concluded that the factor of information demand, or users’ internet information-seeking behavior in the web environment, in this area, can be one of the most significant factors. This factor must be given due consideration through rigorous research.
Shiva Mohajel Nayebi, Azra Daei, Vahideh Gavgani Zarea,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The continuous specialization and rapid evolution in medical and health sciences, combined with the growing influence of information and communication technologies, have created an urgent need for specialized education in Medical Library and Information Science (MLIS). As universities transition toward the fourth and fifth-generation models, characterized by innovation, networking, and entrepreneurial orientation, academic disciplines are expected to become more dynamic and responsive to technological and societal change. This study aimed to identify emerging community-based educational specializations, explore the related challenges and enabling factors, and develop policy recommendations for establishing a new specialization in MLIS.
Materials and Methods: This multi-methods research was conducted with the goal of informing educational policy and curriculum development. In the first phase, a scoping review following the Arksey and O’Malley framework and guided by the PRISMA-ScR checklist was carried out to identify existing and emerging specializations in health-related information sciences. In the second phase, a focus group discussion (FGD) involving eight domain experts explored perceived challenges, influencing factors, and potential strategies for specialization development. Finally, in the third phase, a simple Delphi technique was applied with ten policymakers in Medical Library and Information Science to prioritize the proposed specialization options. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically, using coding and categorization to identify recurrent patterns and themes.
Results: The scoping review included 22 eligible studies, from which 11 educational specializations related to health information and librarianship were initially extracted. After merging overlapping domains, eight distinct specializations remained. Following expert and policymaker prioritization, four educational specializations were selected as feasible and necessary for integration into the MLIS curriculum. The main challenges identified were: Ensuring disciplinary sustainability in the face of rapid scientific and technological change; Promoting structural and curricular reform to align educational programs with real-world health information needs; Overcoming institutional and cultural resistance to organizational change. Policymakers emphasized curriculum modernization, specialized educational tracks, and needs-based program design as essential strategies for strengthening MLIS education and its alignment with health system priorities.
Conclusion: The study recommends that universities establish new educational specializations or formal short-term programs tailored to national and regional needs in health information science. Implementing the proposed policy options can enhance the long-term sustainability, relevance, and innovation capacity of the MLIS discipline while increasing the employability and professional competence of graduates. Strengthening educational responsiveness to societal and technological transformation will position Medical Librarianship and Information Science as a key enabler in evidence-based health systems and digital health development.
Materials and Methods: This multi-methods research was conducted with the goal of informing educational policy and curriculum development. In the first phase, a scoping review following the Arksey and O’Malley framework and guided by the PRISMA-ScR checklist was carried out to identify existing and emerging specializations in health-related information sciences. In the second phase, a focus group discussion (FGD) involving eight domain experts explored perceived challenges, influencing factors, and potential strategies for specialization development. Finally, in the third phase, a simple Delphi technique was applied with ten policymakers in Medical Library and Information Science to prioritize the proposed specialization options. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically, using coding and categorization to identify recurrent patterns and themes.
Results: The scoping review included 22 eligible studies, from which 11 educational specializations related to health information and librarianship were initially extracted. After merging overlapping domains, eight distinct specializations remained. Following expert and policymaker prioritization, four educational specializations were selected as feasible and necessary for integration into the MLIS curriculum. The main challenges identified were: Ensuring disciplinary sustainability in the face of rapid scientific and technological change; Promoting structural and curricular reform to align educational programs with real-world health information needs; Overcoming institutional and cultural resistance to organizational change. Policymakers emphasized curriculum modernization, specialized educational tracks, and needs-based program design as essential strategies for strengthening MLIS education and its alignment with health system priorities.
Conclusion: The study recommends that universities establish new educational specializations or formal short-term programs tailored to national and regional needs in health information science. Implementing the proposed policy options can enhance the long-term sustainability, relevance, and innovation capacity of the MLIS discipline while increasing the employability and professional competence of graduates. Strengthening educational responsiveness to societal and technological transformation will position Medical Librarianship and Information Science as a key enabler in evidence-based health systems and digital health development.
Pezhman Sadeghi, Nader Jahanmehr, Reza Rabiei,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Information systems serve different purposes in organizational and management hierarchies. The hospital intelligent management system is an analytical and decision-support management information system that provides information and important performance indicators for managers in hospitals. Considering the role of this system in increasing the efficiency and effectiveness and the lack of academic hospitals having the desired level of productivity, this research was conducted to investigate the effective factors in improving the acceptance of the intelligent hospital management system in the hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU).
Materials and Methods: This descriptive and correlational research was conducted in 19 hospitals (12 teaching hospitals and 7 non-teaching hospitals) of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2022. In this study, 126 senior and middle managers and experts of the productivity committee participated. The data of this study were collected Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT) Questionnaire and for statistical analysis, SPSS software (statistical table and linear and multiple regression tests, sequencing, and chi-square) was used. The validity of the questionnaire was determined using the opinion of research experts and its reliability was also determined using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.824).
Results: Most of the participants in the study were from teaching hospitals (63.2%) and were middle managers (50.8%). Behavioral intentions were identified as the most important factors in the use of system by senior and middle managers and experts of productivity committee (P<0.001). The effort expectancy had the greatest impact on the intention to use the system as compared to the expected components of Performance expectancy and social influence. Also, training and having educational programs on how to use the HIM and its applications can increase the intention and use of the HIM by employees (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the results, the effect of the moderating variables in this study was insignificant. If senior managers and influential people encourage working with the system, and employees also make more effort to learn the system, and working with the system meets their expectations, employees will be willing to use the system. In other words, employees use the system when they believe that this system is user-friendly, valuable, and useful for them.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive and correlational research was conducted in 19 hospitals (12 teaching hospitals and 7 non-teaching hospitals) of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2022. In this study, 126 senior and middle managers and experts of the productivity committee participated. The data of this study were collected Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT) Questionnaire and for statistical analysis, SPSS software (statistical table and linear and multiple regression tests, sequencing, and chi-square) was used. The validity of the questionnaire was determined using the opinion of research experts and its reliability was also determined using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.824).
Results: Most of the participants in the study were from teaching hospitals (63.2%) and were middle managers (50.8%). Behavioral intentions were identified as the most important factors in the use of system by senior and middle managers and experts of productivity committee (P<0.001). The effort expectancy had the greatest impact on the intention to use the system as compared to the expected components of Performance expectancy and social influence. Also, training and having educational programs on how to use the HIM and its applications can increase the intention and use of the HIM by employees (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the results, the effect of the moderating variables in this study was insignificant. If senior managers and influential people encourage working with the system, and employees also make more effort to learn the system, and working with the system meets their expectations, employees will be willing to use the system. In other words, employees use the system when they believe that this system is user-friendly, valuable, and useful for them.
Abbas Sheikhtaheri, Elaheh Jamshidi, Ali Mohammadi, Vahid Feyzollahi,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Knee ligament rupture is a common knee injury, especially among athletes. Considering the importance of treatment quality in the affected population, there is a crucial need for the collection of high-quality, standardized national-level data. This can be achieved by establishing a Minimum Data Set (MDS). The present study aimed to design a Minimum Data Set for the Knee Ligament Rupture Reconstruction Registry System in Athletes.
Materials and Methods: This applied research was conducted in 2024 using a quantitative method (descriptive-comparative and Delphi technique) across three phases. In the first phase, using a descriptive-comparative approach, the required data elements from the national registry systems of selected countries (Norway, Sweden, Denmark, UK) were extracted and analyzed in comparative tables. In the second phase, the data elements currently recorded for patients undergoing knee ligament rupture reconstruction surgery in Iran were identified using a descriptive data collection form. In the third phase, based on the findings from the first two phases, a preliminary MDS was designed as a questionnaire. Its validity was then assessed over two rounds using the Delphi method by a panel of experts (24 in the first round, 18 in the second). Finally, items that achieved a consensus of 75% or higher were included in the final MDS.
Results: In the review conducted on the registry systems of selected countries, including Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and England, the data elements recorded in these systems were first extracted. Subsequently, in the first phase of the study, the extracted data elements were categorized into two main categories: Administrative and clinical. The findings of this phase were obtained through their comparison in comparative tables. The findings of the second phase of the study consisted of data elements extracted from the medical records of patients who had undergone knee ligament rupture reconstruction surgery in Iran. In the third phase of the study, the final minimum data set for patients undergoing knee ligament rupture reconstruction surgery was developed based on the findings of the first and second phases of the study as well as expert opinions. This data set comprised 78 data elements organized into two sections: administrative (9 data elements) and clinical (69 data elements). In the administrative section, data classes were categorized into demographic, socioeconomic, and visit-related groups. In the clinical section, data classes were categorized into diagnostic, anthropometric, surgical, follow-up, and outcome groups.
Conclusion: The Minimum Data Set for knee ligament rupture reconstruction surgery can play a significant role in collecting high-quality data, evaluating and managing treatment quality and outcomes, and informing planning and policymaking in this field by ensuring the collection of integrated and high-quality data.
Materials and Methods: This applied research was conducted in 2024 using a quantitative method (descriptive-comparative and Delphi technique) across three phases. In the first phase, using a descriptive-comparative approach, the required data elements from the national registry systems of selected countries (Norway, Sweden, Denmark, UK) were extracted and analyzed in comparative tables. In the second phase, the data elements currently recorded for patients undergoing knee ligament rupture reconstruction surgery in Iran were identified using a descriptive data collection form. In the third phase, based on the findings from the first two phases, a preliminary MDS was designed as a questionnaire. Its validity was then assessed over two rounds using the Delphi method by a panel of experts (24 in the first round, 18 in the second). Finally, items that achieved a consensus of 75% or higher were included in the final MDS.
Results: In the review conducted on the registry systems of selected countries, including Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and England, the data elements recorded in these systems were first extracted. Subsequently, in the first phase of the study, the extracted data elements were categorized into two main categories: Administrative and clinical. The findings of this phase were obtained through their comparison in comparative tables. The findings of the second phase of the study consisted of data elements extracted from the medical records of patients who had undergone knee ligament rupture reconstruction surgery in Iran. In the third phase of the study, the final minimum data set for patients undergoing knee ligament rupture reconstruction surgery was developed based on the findings of the first and second phases of the study as well as expert opinions. This data set comprised 78 data elements organized into two sections: administrative (9 data elements) and clinical (69 data elements). In the administrative section, data classes were categorized into demographic, socioeconomic, and visit-related groups. In the clinical section, data classes were categorized into diagnostic, anthropometric, surgical, follow-up, and outcome groups.
Conclusion: The Minimum Data Set for knee ligament rupture reconstruction surgery can play a significant role in collecting high-quality data, evaluating and managing treatment quality and outcomes, and informing planning and policymaking in this field by ensuring the collection of integrated and high-quality data.
Marzieh Latifi, Elahe Pourhossein, Amirhesam Alirezaei, Tannaz Hajialireza Tehrani, Maryam Pourhossein, Sanaz Dehghani,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Sleep disorders are strongly associated with physical, mental, social health, as well as cognitive functioning. This study aimed to compare the quality of sleep between individuals on kidney transplant waiting list and kidney transplant recipients to develop an appropriate program to improve their health and quality of life.
Materials and Methods: This cross sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 196 patients, including 100 patients who registered on the kidney transplant waiting list and 96 kidney transplant recipients at the Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). Convenience sampling was used. Patients completed a standardized Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire to assess sleep quality. The self-reporting method was used to complete the questionnaires. Clinical and demographic data were collected from patients’ medical files of Sina Hospital by kidney transplant coordinators. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, with a significance level set at less than 0.05.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 47 years, with an age range between 18 and 69 years. Sixty-eight-point Thirty-six percent of the patients were male. Based on results, no significant difference was found between patients in kidney waiting list to kidney transplanted patients in demographic variables (age, gender, marital status, number of children, job, level of education, cause of kidney disease). According to independent T- test, the mean score of sleep quality of patients on the waiting list and kidney transplant recipients was (7.75±3.55) and (4.54±3.57), respectively, indicting the significant differences between two groups (P<0.001). Also, the Pearson correlation test reveals a significant positive correlation between age and sleep quality (P=0.038, r=0.612), and a significant negative correlation between duration of dialysis and the average sleep score (P=0.040, r=-0.062).
Conclusion: It is essential to emphasis attention to the quality of sleep in kidney patients, especially during the pre-transplant and dialysis era.
Additionally, kidney transplantation can be considered an effective solution for improving sleep quality and reducing complications related to kidney failure, although some patients continue to experience sleep problems after the transplant.
Materials and Methods: This cross sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 196 patients, including 100 patients who registered on the kidney transplant waiting list and 96 kidney transplant recipients at the Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). Convenience sampling was used. Patients completed a standardized Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire to assess sleep quality. The self-reporting method was used to complete the questionnaires. Clinical and demographic data were collected from patients’ medical files of Sina Hospital by kidney transplant coordinators. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, with a significance level set at less than 0.05.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 47 years, with an age range between 18 and 69 years. Sixty-eight-point Thirty-six percent of the patients were male. Based on results, no significant difference was found between patients in kidney waiting list to kidney transplanted patients in demographic variables (age, gender, marital status, number of children, job, level of education, cause of kidney disease). According to independent T- test, the mean score of sleep quality of patients on the waiting list and kidney transplant recipients was (7.75±3.55) and (4.54±3.57), respectively, indicting the significant differences between two groups (P<0.001). Also, the Pearson correlation test reveals a significant positive correlation between age and sleep quality (P=0.038, r=0.612), and a significant negative correlation between duration of dialysis and the average sleep score (P=0.040, r=-0.062).
Conclusion: It is essential to emphasis attention to the quality of sleep in kidney patients, especially during the pre-transplant and dialysis era.
Additionally, kidney transplantation can be considered an effective solution for improving sleep quality and reducing complications related to kidney failure, although some patients continue to experience sleep problems after the transplant.
Creating a Management Dashboard for the Oncology Ward to Monitor Health Data of Children with Cancer
Saber Yazdani Damavandi, Tayebeh Baniasadi, Mohammad Ali Molavi, Farid Khorrami,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Cancer has been recognized as the second leading cause of child mortality in recent years. Due to the increasing amount of healthcare data for cancer patients, healthcare providers need a tool to monitor patients for immediate intervention. An intelligent and dynamic information management dashboard is capable of compiling and displaying data using charts and tables. In the present study, a management dashboard was designed for the oncology department of a children’s hospital, and its usability was evaluated.
Materials and Methods: This developmental–applied research was conducted in 2024 at the Educational, Medical, and Research Center for Children in Bandar Abbas. In order to create a management dashboard for the pediatric oncology department, three stages were carried out. In the first stage, all necessary content to be displayed on the dashboard was extracted based on a review of literature and documents from the oncology department of Bandar Abbas Children’s Hospital. This content was then validated by experts using the Delphi method in two rounds. In the second stage, a prototype of dashboard for the oncology ward was designed using Power BI Desktop software. Finally, its usability was evaluated using a SUS questionnaire by 20 users. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with SPSS software.
Results: Following the screening of 3,435 initial records and a review of 22 articles alongside 38 patient files, a preliminary set of 104 managerial and 67 clinical indicators was extracted. These indicators were validated through a tworound Delphi process with 12 experts, resulting in the final selection of 105 managerial and 71 clinical indicators for dashboard inclusion. Based on this validated set, a tenpage managerial dashboard was developed to present key performance metrics. Usability assessment using the System Usability Scale (SUS) yielded a mean score of 75.87, which, according to the Bangor scale, is classified as “acceptable” and corresponds to a grade of “excellent.” User feedback informed subsequent refinements to the dashboard’s data visualizations and interface. In summary, the developed dashboard represents an effective and userfriendly tool for monitoring and managing information within a pediatric oncology department.
Conclusion: The pediatric oncology management dashboard facilitates the integration and summarization of essential data for healthcare providers, thereby assisting them in making timely diagnoses and interventions for children with cancer. Additionally, the present dashboard demonstrates appropriate usability, which enhances users’ understanding of health information and leads to more accurate decision-making.
Materials and Methods: This developmental–applied research was conducted in 2024 at the Educational, Medical, and Research Center for Children in Bandar Abbas. In order to create a management dashboard for the pediatric oncology department, three stages were carried out. In the first stage, all necessary content to be displayed on the dashboard was extracted based on a review of literature and documents from the oncology department of Bandar Abbas Children’s Hospital. This content was then validated by experts using the Delphi method in two rounds. In the second stage, a prototype of dashboard for the oncology ward was designed using Power BI Desktop software. Finally, its usability was evaluated using a SUS questionnaire by 20 users. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with SPSS software.
Results: Following the screening of 3,435 initial records and a review of 22 articles alongside 38 patient files, a preliminary set of 104 managerial and 67 clinical indicators was extracted. These indicators were validated through a tworound Delphi process with 12 experts, resulting in the final selection of 105 managerial and 71 clinical indicators for dashboard inclusion. Based on this validated set, a tenpage managerial dashboard was developed to present key performance metrics. Usability assessment using the System Usability Scale (SUS) yielded a mean score of 75.87, which, according to the Bangor scale, is classified as “acceptable” and corresponds to a grade of “excellent.” User feedback informed subsequent refinements to the dashboard’s data visualizations and interface. In summary, the developed dashboard represents an effective and userfriendly tool for monitoring and managing information within a pediatric oncology department.
Conclusion: The pediatric oncology management dashboard facilitates the integration and summarization of essential data for healthcare providers, thereby assisting them in making timely diagnoses and interventions for children with cancer. Additionally, the present dashboard demonstrates appropriate usability, which enhances users’ understanding of health information and leads to more accurate decision-making.
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