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Mina Shirvani, Mostafa Roshanzadeh, Maryam Rabiey Faradonbeh, Razieh Mirzaeian,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Nursing students are exposed to various educational, family, and social stresses and various factors can affect their mental health. Therefore, in order to pay attention to different dimensions of health and investigate the effects of spirituality on health, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of fasting on the mental health of nursing students of Borujen Faculty of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: The present semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design was conducted in 2022 at Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. Ninety nursing students of Borujen Faculty of Medical Sciences were selected by available methods and assigned to two intervention and control groups by a simple random method. The intervention in this study included at least 23 days of fasting during Ramadan. The data before and after the intervention were collected by the demographic information questionnaire and the 21-question depression, anxiety, and stress standard tool (DASS). The validity and reliability of this questionnaire were conducted for the first time in Iran by Sahebi et al. in 2005. SPSS was used for analysis. Descriptive statistical tests including frequency percentage, mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistical tests including t-test, paired t-test, analysis of variance, and chi-square were used.
Results: There was no significant difference in the total mental health score between intervention (32.32±11.62) and control (29.87±14.09) groups before the intervention (P=0.08). There was a significant difference in this score between intervention (20.6±5.71) and control (29.49±8.9) groups after the intervention (P=0.04). The total mental health score in the control group before (29.87±14.09) and after (29.49±8.9) the intervention had no significant difference (P=0.15); while in the intervention group before (32.32±11.62) and after (20.6±5.71) the intervention had a significant difference (P=0.001). Mental health dimensions before and after intervention, indicated that anxiety (P=0.04) and stress (P=0.003) decreased significantly after the intervention in the intervention group. However, there was no significant difference in the depression dimension (P=0.06).
Conclusion: According to the results, it should be said that regular and periodic examination of the health level, and the promotion of educational and training programs on the subject of fasting to improve mental health, should be considered.
Materials and Methods: The present semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design was conducted in 2022 at Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. Ninety nursing students of Borujen Faculty of Medical Sciences were selected by available methods and assigned to two intervention and control groups by a simple random method. The intervention in this study included at least 23 days of fasting during Ramadan. The data before and after the intervention were collected by the demographic information questionnaire and the 21-question depression, anxiety, and stress standard tool (DASS). The validity and reliability of this questionnaire were conducted for the first time in Iran by Sahebi et al. in 2005. SPSS was used for analysis. Descriptive statistical tests including frequency percentage, mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistical tests including t-test, paired t-test, analysis of variance, and chi-square were used.
Results: There was no significant difference in the total mental health score between intervention (32.32±11.62) and control (29.87±14.09) groups before the intervention (P=0.08). There was a significant difference in this score between intervention (20.6±5.71) and control (29.49±8.9) groups after the intervention (P=0.04). The total mental health score in the control group before (29.87±14.09) and after (29.49±8.9) the intervention had no significant difference (P=0.15); while in the intervention group before (32.32±11.62) and after (20.6±5.71) the intervention had a significant difference (P=0.001). Mental health dimensions before and after intervention, indicated that anxiety (P=0.04) and stress (P=0.003) decreased significantly after the intervention in the intervention group. However, there was no significant difference in the depression dimension (P=0.06).
Conclusion: According to the results, it should be said that regular and periodic examination of the health level, and the promotion of educational and training programs on the subject of fasting to improve mental health, should be considered.
Hojjat Rahmani, Sadegh Moradi, Nayeb Fadaei Dehcheshmeh,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The fundamental right and most valuable asset for all strata of society is the enjoyment of health. Individuals residing in nomadic settings face geographical, social, cultural, and linguistic barriers when seeking access to essential services. The provision of healthcare services to nomads has become a complex issue due to the nature of the lifestyle. The aim of this study was to assess the challenges in the provision of healthcare services among the nomads in the Khuzestan province.
Materials and Methods: This study uses a qualitative approach, involving seventeen managers and staff from health centers affiliated with Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences. The data collection approach was inductive. Data were gathered through individual interviews, and participants’ opinions were recorded. The data were analyzed using the conventional content analysis method with a mixed approach (deductive and inductive). The credibility and quality of the data were assessed using the Guba and Lincoln method.
Results: The challenges in providing healthcare services in nomads were identified in nine categories and three overarching themes. The themes encompassed the nature and characteristics of the non-sedentary populations, the healthcare system, and the responsibilities of other sectors. The nature and characteristics of the nomads were categorized into five categories: demographic, cultural, climatic-geographic, socio-ethnic-tribal, and lifestyle. The healthcare delivery comprises of two aspects: structural and procedural. Additionally, the duties of other development sectors were categorized into two categories: infrastructures and inter-sectoral collaborations. The results showed that nomads face barriers to receiving healthcare due to the inherent characteristics of them, the healthcare system, and the performance of other organizations. The unstable population, cultural diversity, scattered distribution of the population, and their ethnic and migration-based lifestyle are among the inherent characteristics of nomads that impact the provision of services.
Conclusion: The provision of health services to nomads is influenced by recipients’ and providers’ characteristics. Decision-makers and managers, considering the unique conditions of life in the design and implementation of health programs, decision-makers and managers should prioritize strengthening healthcare networks in hard-to-reach areas. Given the limited resources and infrastructure weaknesses in settlements, inter-sectoral collaboration and the development of resources and infrastructure (applying the One Health approach) are important.
Materials and Methods: This study uses a qualitative approach, involving seventeen managers and staff from health centers affiliated with Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences. The data collection approach was inductive. Data were gathered through individual interviews, and participants’ opinions were recorded. The data were analyzed using the conventional content analysis method with a mixed approach (deductive and inductive). The credibility and quality of the data were assessed using the Guba and Lincoln method.
Results: The challenges in providing healthcare services in nomads were identified in nine categories and three overarching themes. The themes encompassed the nature and characteristics of the non-sedentary populations, the healthcare system, and the responsibilities of other sectors. The nature and characteristics of the nomads were categorized into five categories: demographic, cultural, climatic-geographic, socio-ethnic-tribal, and lifestyle. The healthcare delivery comprises of two aspects: structural and procedural. Additionally, the duties of other development sectors were categorized into two categories: infrastructures and inter-sectoral collaborations. The results showed that nomads face barriers to receiving healthcare due to the inherent characteristics of them, the healthcare system, and the performance of other organizations. The unstable population, cultural diversity, scattered distribution of the population, and their ethnic and migration-based lifestyle are among the inherent characteristics of nomads that impact the provision of services.
Conclusion: The provision of health services to nomads is influenced by recipients’ and providers’ characteristics. Decision-makers and managers, considering the unique conditions of life in the design and implementation of health programs, decision-makers and managers should prioritize strengthening healthcare networks in hard-to-reach areas. Given the limited resources and infrastructure weaknesses in settlements, inter-sectoral collaboration and the development of resources and infrastructure (applying the One Health approach) are important.
Taleb Khodaveisi, Hamid Bouraghi, Tooba Mehrabi, Javad Faradmal, Mahdiye Shojaei Baghini, Ali Mohammadpour,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (11-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 5 (11-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Identifying the educational needs of health information technology staff is essential before implementing any continuous education programs. This comprehensive study investigates these needs among health information technology personnel working in hospitals in the Hamadan province, considering both the general and specialized aspects of the field.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted across 11 hospitals affiliated with Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. The study population comprised staff from the reception, medical records, statistics, and coding departments. Data were gathered using a validated and reliable standardized questionnaire. Collection methods included both in-person and remote approaches. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, with results reported through descriptive and inferential statistics, specifically utilizing the Kruskal-Wallis test.
Results: The results of this study showed that among the generally accepted needs, items such as information technology (96.7%), legal aspects of medical records (87.6%), and communication skills (76.7%) had the highest percentage. Additionally, educational needs varied across different units: Coding unit staff required more training in the principles of diagnosis documentation (92.9%), familiarity with the coding guidelines for causes of death (85.7%), and familiarity with the coding guidelines for procedures (85.7%), statistics unit staff needed training in statistical software, and reception and medical records staff required education on relevant regulations. There was also a significant correlation between educational needs and certain individual characteristics such as work experience, education level, gender, and field of study.
Conclusion: The study results indicate that designing effective educational programs for health information technology staff requires consideration of individual characteristics, such as gender, work experience, and education level. Additionally, the training should be continuous, tailored to the distinct needs of each group, and delivered at appropriate intervals.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted across 11 hospitals affiliated with Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. The study population comprised staff from the reception, medical records, statistics, and coding departments. Data were gathered using a validated and reliable standardized questionnaire. Collection methods included both in-person and remote approaches. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, with results reported through descriptive and inferential statistics, specifically utilizing the Kruskal-Wallis test.
Results: The results of this study showed that among the generally accepted needs, items such as information technology (96.7%), legal aspects of medical records (87.6%), and communication skills (76.7%) had the highest percentage. Additionally, educational needs varied across different units: Coding unit staff required more training in the principles of diagnosis documentation (92.9%), familiarity with the coding guidelines for causes of death (85.7%), and familiarity with the coding guidelines for procedures (85.7%), statistics unit staff needed training in statistical software, and reception and medical records staff required education on relevant regulations. There was also a significant correlation between educational needs and certain individual characteristics such as work experience, education level, gender, and field of study.
Conclusion: The study results indicate that designing effective educational programs for health information technology staff requires consideration of individual characteristics, such as gender, work experience, and education level. Additionally, the training should be continuous, tailored to the distinct needs of each group, and delivered at appropriate intervals.
Shabnam Ghasemyani, Kobra Movalled, Shafi Habibi, Rahim Khodayari Zarnaq,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (11-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 5 (11-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: In recent years, active patient participation in healthcare has been increasingly recognized as a vital component in health policies aimed at achieving optimal health outcomes. This study aims to identify the contexts and areas in which patients engage in safety-related measures within healthcare settings.
Materials and Methods: A scoping review of the English-language literature published from 2000 to 2021 was performed. The search strategy involved relevant keywords, including MeSH modifications, as well as common terms associated with the topic, such as patient collaboration, patient participation, patient engagement, patient involvement, patient education, and patient safety. Literature was sourced from the Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases. The research design adhered to the framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley, and data analysis was conducted using a content analysis approach.
Results: The search strategy yielded a total of 2,951 articles, of which 38 articles met the inclusion criteria. The majority of studies originated from the United States (14), the United Kingdom (8), and Australia (6). The publication years with the highest output were 2015 (5 articles) and 2017 (4 articles). Five key areas of patient participation were identified: fall prevention, prevention of drug interactions, medical error prevention and awareness, participation in infection control and staff hand hygiene, and educational initiatives. The articles identified focused on various areas, including participation in fall prevention (26.3%), education and awareness promotion, participation in infection control and hand hygiene (23.6%), prevention and awareness of medical errors (18.4%), and prevention of drug interactions (7.9%).The main findings of the reviewed studies were categorized into four areas: patient participation, methods of patient participation, examples and outcomes of patient participation, and challenges associated with patient participation in safety-related measures.
Conclusion: Promoting patient involvement in safety-related practices within healthcare is essential for bolstering patient safety. Such participation is contingent upon empowering patients by improving their health literacy and knowledge while simultaneously fostering a shift in the attitudes of healthcare providers. The involvement of policymakers, particularly at the levels of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, is critical in advancing patient and family participation in national hospital accreditation standards and facilitating broader initiatives aimed at transitioning the health system towards a model of participatory care.
Materials and Methods: A scoping review of the English-language literature published from 2000 to 2021 was performed. The search strategy involved relevant keywords, including MeSH modifications, as well as common terms associated with the topic, such as patient collaboration, patient participation, patient engagement, patient involvement, patient education, and patient safety. Literature was sourced from the Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases. The research design adhered to the framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley, and data analysis was conducted using a content analysis approach.
Results: The search strategy yielded a total of 2,951 articles, of which 38 articles met the inclusion criteria. The majority of studies originated from the United States (14), the United Kingdom (8), and Australia (6). The publication years with the highest output were 2015 (5 articles) and 2017 (4 articles). Five key areas of patient participation were identified: fall prevention, prevention of drug interactions, medical error prevention and awareness, participation in infection control and staff hand hygiene, and educational initiatives. The articles identified focused on various areas, including participation in fall prevention (26.3%), education and awareness promotion, participation in infection control and hand hygiene (23.6%), prevention and awareness of medical errors (18.4%), and prevention of drug interactions (7.9%).The main findings of the reviewed studies were categorized into four areas: patient participation, methods of patient participation, examples and outcomes of patient participation, and challenges associated with patient participation in safety-related measures.
Conclusion: Promoting patient involvement in safety-related practices within healthcare is essential for bolstering patient safety. Such participation is contingent upon empowering patients by improving their health literacy and knowledge while simultaneously fostering a shift in the attitudes of healthcare providers. The involvement of policymakers, particularly at the levels of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, is critical in advancing patient and family participation in national hospital accreditation standards and facilitating broader initiatives aimed at transitioning the health system towards a model of participatory care.
Maryam Jahanbakhsh, Mahnaz Noroozi, Majid Jangi, Fateme Ghadiri Kofrani,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (11-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 5 (11-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Education on sexually transmitted diseases and functional disorders in Iranian women’s society are two important issues that should be addressed as aspects of sexual health. The evidence suggests that mobile phone-based applications can be a suitable tool to improve education in the field of sexual health. Therefore, in the current research, the design of the content model of the mobile phone-based application with an emphasis on diseases transmitted through sexual contact and functional disorders of women has been discussed.
Materials and Methods: The present study is applied-descriptive and was conducted in 3 stages as follows: determining the requirements of the application content model, designing it, and evaluating it. First, information needs were identified and extracted through a civilian review and a review of the App Store, Google Play, and Cafe Bazaar application stores. Then, the results were scientifically organized and reviewed and presented in the form of the application content form to a panel of 7 sexual health experts. The content model was reviewed by the experts and designed through UML diagrams and approved by technical specialists.
Results: The findings of the needs assessment phase consisted of compiling the content requirements of the application in the form of 6 areas: 1- sexual attitude and knowledge 2- improving the quality of sexual life 3- sexually transmitted diseases 4- HIV/AIDS 5- genital infections 6- dysfunction disorders and 41 sub-areas were approved by experts. The compiled model was drawn through the diagrams of the application, sequence, business process and state diagrams and was confirmed and developed during the evaluation with activity diagrams and display screens.
Conclusion: Mobile applications, which are not only more accessible than other technologies, but also provide a space for education, free from any shame and worry due to the one-way nature of the communication, are a suitable platform for increasing Iranian women’s attitudes and knowledge about their sexual health. The designed content model can serve as a Persian, scientific, and native prototype for the development and design of an application that can be implemented on mobile phones to educate women’s sexual health.
Results: The findings of the needs assessment phase consisted of compiling the content requirements of the application in the form of 6 areas: 1- sexual attitude and knowledge 2- improving the quality of sexual life 3- sexually transmitted diseases 4- HIV/AIDS 5- genital infections 6- dysfunction disorders and 41 sub-areas were approved by experts. The compiled model was drawn through the diagrams of the application, sequence, business process and state diagrams and was confirmed and developed during the evaluation with activity diagrams and display screens.
Conclusion: Mobile applications, which are not only more accessible than other technologies, but also provide a space for education, free from any shame and worry due to the one-way nature of the communication, are a suitable platform for increasing Iranian women’s attitudes and knowledge about their sexual health. The designed content model can serve as a Persian, scientific, and native prototype for the development and design of an application that can be implemented on mobile phones to educate women’s sexual health.
Mojtaba Salimi Bani, Mehdi Ghassabi Chorsi, Roghayeh Ershad Sarabi,
Volume 18, Issue 6 (2-2025)
Volume 18, Issue 6 (2-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Malaria is one of the health challenges in many countries worldwide. Iran is among the countries that have prioritized a malaria elimination program, aiming to interrupt local transmission of the disease by 2025. Health workeres (community health workers) play an important role in primary healthcare for identifying, controlling, and preventing malaria. Keeping their knowledge and skills up-to-date through continuous training can be effective in the success of this program. Virtual training is a modern educational method that facilitates such training courses. This study aimed to investigate the impact of virtual retraining courses on the knowledge, attitude, and performance of konarak health workers in implementing the malaria elimination program in 2022.
Materials and Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental study with a single-group pre-test and post-test design. The population included 69 individuals who were enrolled using a census method. Initially, a pre-test was conducted to assess the baseline level of knowledge, attitude, and performance of participants regarding malaria elimination strategies. Then, the educational intervention was delivered virtually, followed by a post-test to evaluate the outcomes. The educational content was provided in eight 45-minute sessions by an instructor from the Health worker Training Center using the Sky Room platform. Data collection was performed using a researcher-made questionnaire. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed, and its reliability was assessed in a pilot study prior to the training by the responsible expert; the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the questionnaire items was calculated at an acceptable level (r=0.83). Data were analyzed using SPSS software and paired t-tests.
Results: Out of 69 participants, 40 (58%) were male and 29 (42%) female. Comparison of pre-test and post-test results showed that the mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and performance of health workeres increased by 1.05, 1.2, and 1.17 units respectively after the training, and these differences were statistically significant (P=0.000).
Conclusion: Based on the results, considering the advantages of virtual training such as easy access, lower cost, and wide coverage, this method is recommended as a strategy for educational programs for healthcare staff.
Materials and Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental study with a single-group pre-test and post-test design. The population included 69 individuals who were enrolled using a census method. Initially, a pre-test was conducted to assess the baseline level of knowledge, attitude, and performance of participants regarding malaria elimination strategies. Then, the educational intervention was delivered virtually, followed by a post-test to evaluate the outcomes. The educational content was provided in eight 45-minute sessions by an instructor from the Health worker Training Center using the Sky Room platform. Data collection was performed using a researcher-made questionnaire. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed, and its reliability was assessed in a pilot study prior to the training by the responsible expert; the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the questionnaire items was calculated at an acceptable level (r=0.83). Data were analyzed using SPSS software and paired t-tests.
Results: Out of 69 participants, 40 (58%) were male and 29 (42%) female. Comparison of pre-test and post-test results showed that the mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and performance of health workeres increased by 1.05, 1.2, and 1.17 units respectively after the training, and these differences were statistically significant (P=0.000).
Conclusion: Based on the results, considering the advantages of virtual training such as easy access, lower cost, and wide coverage, this method is recommended as a strategy for educational programs for healthcare staff.
Ayoub Mohamadian, Ali Moeini, Mahnaz Sanjari, Zahra Abdullahzade,
Volume 18, Issue 6 (2-2025)
Volume 18, Issue 6 (2-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Smart health, due to its capacity in disease prevention, is a suitable solution for providing osteoporosis fracture prevention services. Also, the existence of close relationships between active organizations for the prevention of this disease requires this area to be examined from the perspective of the ecosystem. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the factors and players of the ecosystem of preventing fractures caused by osteoporosis in smart health.
Materials and Methods: A qualitative systematic review of meta-synthesis was conducted to find resources related to the prevention of osteoporosis-related fractures. For this purpose, scientific databases of Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed were examined and 155 were selected from 10344 sources found. At the end, by using the Shannon entropy method, the categories of each dimension were ranked.
Results: This systematic review demonstrated that the ecosystem for preventing fractures caused by osteoporosis comprises four main categories of factors: lifestyle (nutrition, exercise, fall prevention, cessation of tobacco, alcohol, and caffeine consumption), clinical (screening, diagnosis, and drug therapy), technological (infrastructure, platform, and application), and contextual (cultural, social participation, policy, economic, and education). The application and infrastructure secured the first and second positions in the ranking, while the platform and education collectively ranked third. Ecosystem participants were also categorized into three core layers: the fracture prevention and treatment team members, firms related to fracture prevention and treatment, and other health stakeholders; the extended layer, which includes affected or at-risk individuals, education stakeholders, cultural stakeholders, social stakeholders, and health stakeholders; and the external layer, comprising international organizations and national ministries. In the ranking, affected or at-risk individuals, other health stakeholders, and fracture prevention and treatment team members earned first to third positions, respectively.
Conclusion: The research results showed that “technological”, “contextual”, “lifestyle change” and “clinical” factors are in the first to fourth places, respectively. Also, among the players, the first place was assigned to the extended layer, the main core took the second place, and the external layer took the third place.
Materials and Methods: A qualitative systematic review of meta-synthesis was conducted to find resources related to the prevention of osteoporosis-related fractures. For this purpose, scientific databases of Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed were examined and 155 were selected from 10344 sources found. At the end, by using the Shannon entropy method, the categories of each dimension were ranked.
Results: This systematic review demonstrated that the ecosystem for preventing fractures caused by osteoporosis comprises four main categories of factors: lifestyle (nutrition, exercise, fall prevention, cessation of tobacco, alcohol, and caffeine consumption), clinical (screening, diagnosis, and drug therapy), technological (infrastructure, platform, and application), and contextual (cultural, social participation, policy, economic, and education). The application and infrastructure secured the first and second positions in the ranking, while the platform and education collectively ranked third. Ecosystem participants were also categorized into three core layers: the fracture prevention and treatment team members, firms related to fracture prevention and treatment, and other health stakeholders; the extended layer, which includes affected or at-risk individuals, education stakeholders, cultural stakeholders, social stakeholders, and health stakeholders; and the external layer, comprising international organizations and national ministries. In the ranking, affected or at-risk individuals, other health stakeholders, and fracture prevention and treatment team members earned first to third positions, respectively.
Conclusion: The research results showed that “technological”, “contextual”, “lifestyle change” and “clinical” factors are in the first to fourth places, respectively. Also, among the players, the first place was assigned to the extended layer, the main core took the second place, and the external layer took the third place.
Mohammad Mehdi Sepehri, Minoo Fathi, Nasrin Taherkhani, Roghaye Khasha,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The development of self-management application for gestational Diabetes based on mobile health, can increase the quality of life of pregnant mothers and reduce the cost of health care and treatment. In order to develop such an application, it is necessary to identify the key players of this system and examine the relationships between them. Then a gestational Diabetes self-management network based on mobile health tools can be presented.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in four phases. In the first phase, key players and roles were identified through literature review. In the second phase, interviews with experts were conducted to assess the identified players and their roles. The third phase involved identifying the relationships between players and their roles, accomplished by designing and completing questionnaires that explored the existence or absence of connections between them. In the final phase, the most critical roles and players were determined using social network analysis, employing three centrality indices: degree centrality, betweenness centrality, and closeness centrality.
Results: A total of 22 role players and 17 roles were identified. Based on the results, the Ministry of Health, with a degree centrality index of 41.12, was found to be the most influential and powerful role player in this network. The endocrinologist, nutritionist and obstetrician, with degree centrality indices of 38.52, 36.79, and 31.60. were ranked next. This indicates that the acceptance of this network by the medical community plays a critical role. Additionally, all three centrality indices showed that the role of patient education had the highest values, followed by roles such as education for specialists and healthcare staff, supporting patients in self-care behaviors, and ensuring patient safety and privacy, which were identified as the key roles.
Conclusion: This study aimed to identify various aspects of network design and the influential roles impacting the self-management of gestational Diabetes through mobile health. The Ministry of Health and the National Prevention Committee exhibited the most connections with each other in fulfilling their shared roles. Therefore, the Ministry of Health can fully delegate some roles to the National Prevention. Additionally, recognizing key roles underscores the necessity of prioritizing education and resource allocation for these roles.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in four phases. In the first phase, key players and roles were identified through literature review. In the second phase, interviews with experts were conducted to assess the identified players and their roles. The third phase involved identifying the relationships between players and their roles, accomplished by designing and completing questionnaires that explored the existence or absence of connections between them. In the final phase, the most critical roles and players were determined using social network analysis, employing three centrality indices: degree centrality, betweenness centrality, and closeness centrality.
Results: A total of 22 role players and 17 roles were identified. Based on the results, the Ministry of Health, with a degree centrality index of 41.12, was found to be the most influential and powerful role player in this network. The endocrinologist, nutritionist and obstetrician, with degree centrality indices of 38.52, 36.79, and 31.60. were ranked next. This indicates that the acceptance of this network by the medical community plays a critical role. Additionally, all three centrality indices showed that the role of patient education had the highest values, followed by roles such as education for specialists and healthcare staff, supporting patients in self-care behaviors, and ensuring patient safety and privacy, which were identified as the key roles.
Conclusion: This study aimed to identify various aspects of network design and the influential roles impacting the self-management of gestational Diabetes through mobile health. The Ministry of Health and the National Prevention Committee exhibited the most connections with each other in fulfilling their shared roles. Therefore, the Ministry of Health can fully delegate some roles to the National Prevention. Additionally, recognizing key roles underscores the necessity of prioritizing education and resource allocation for these roles.
Fatemeh Abbasi Ghaletaki, Maryam Kazerani, Azam Shahbodaghi,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Hospital library services are among the basic infrastructures for promoting e-health readiness. This study evaluated the components of e-health readiness in hospital libraries in Isfahan.
Materials and Methods: This is an applied-descriptive survey. The statistical population is 10 government hospital libraries in Isfahan city. The questionnaire completers are the managers of the aforementioned libraries. The research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire that was prepared by a deep and comprehensive review of related literature. The 61-question questionnaire is based on the Likert scale and has four sections: learning readiness (R1), core readiness (R2), social readiness (R3), and technology readiness (R4). To determine the content validity of the questionnaire, the opinions of professors, specialists, and experts were used and its validity was confirmed. Its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha of 0.83. Descriptive statistics were used to examine the data.
Results: Isfahan government hospital libraries are in a good state in terms of learning readiness with a score of 3.77. They were in a moderate state in terms of core readiness with a score of 3.49. Social readiness with a score of 2.47 and technology readiness with a score of 2.48 were reported as poor state. “Literacy level of technology and services related to health care” component with a score of 2.9 from the core readiness, “reimbursement policies” component with a score of 1 from the social readiness, “resources training” component with a score of 1.8 from the learning readiness, and “organization access to ICT education” component with a score of 1.35 from the technology readiness were identified as weak components. In general, all government hospital libraries in Isfahan are in a moderate state in terms of e-health readiness.
Conclusion: Hospital libraries face various challenges in joining the e-health category, including a lack of readiness in the technology sector. The lack of appropriate policies for implementing e-health in libraries, lack of users’ skills in using information and communication technology, users’ ignorance of the e-health services needed in the library, lack of professional human resources, and lack of e-health-related training for users are some of the weaknesses of hospital libraries in the e-health readiness sector.
Materials and Methods: This is an applied-descriptive survey. The statistical population is 10 government hospital libraries in Isfahan city. The questionnaire completers are the managers of the aforementioned libraries. The research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire that was prepared by a deep and comprehensive review of related literature. The 61-question questionnaire is based on the Likert scale and has four sections: learning readiness (R1), core readiness (R2), social readiness (R3), and technology readiness (R4). To determine the content validity of the questionnaire, the opinions of professors, specialists, and experts were used and its validity was confirmed. Its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha of 0.83. Descriptive statistics were used to examine the data.
Results: Isfahan government hospital libraries are in a good state in terms of learning readiness with a score of 3.77. They were in a moderate state in terms of core readiness with a score of 3.49. Social readiness with a score of 2.47 and technology readiness with a score of 2.48 were reported as poor state. “Literacy level of technology and services related to health care” component with a score of 2.9 from the core readiness, “reimbursement policies” component with a score of 1 from the social readiness, “resources training” component with a score of 1.8 from the learning readiness, and “organization access to ICT education” component with a score of 1.35 from the technology readiness were identified as weak components. In general, all government hospital libraries in Isfahan are in a moderate state in terms of e-health readiness.
Conclusion: Hospital libraries face various challenges in joining the e-health category, including a lack of readiness in the technology sector. The lack of appropriate policies for implementing e-health in libraries, lack of users’ skills in using information and communication technology, users’ ignorance of the e-health services needed in the library, lack of professional human resources, and lack of e-health-related training for users are some of the weaknesses of hospital libraries in the e-health readiness sector.
Meisam Dastani, Narjes Bahri, Mehdi Moshki,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The Social Determinants of Health Research Centers in Iran utilize existing capacities to conduct research aimed at identifying and implementing effective methods to reduce social health inequalities. Therefore, this study analyzes the scientific publications of these centers using Bibliomerix tools.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study employs a bibliometric aimed to analyze approach. The study population consisted of all scientific documents produced by the Social Determinants of Health Research Centers in Iran, ind in the Scopus database up to the end of 2023. Data analysis was conducted using the Bibliometrix package in the R programming language.
Results: The results revealed that Iranian Social Determinants of Health Research Centers have produced 8,358 scientific publications. The publication trend began in 2010, peaking in 2022. Original research articles (7,197 documents) constituted the majority of publications. The journals Health Education and Health Promotion, Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and Koomesh published the highest number of articles. Tehran University of Medical Sciences (1505 documents), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (1080 documents), and Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (955 documents) were the leading institutions. Inter-institutional collaborations highlighted the pivotal role of Tehran University. International collaborations were primarily with United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Key keywords included COVID-19, quality of life, and prevalence. Research themes focused on mental health, women, obesity, and diabetes, expanding in 2023–2024 toward primary healthcare and vulnerable populations.
Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that research centers focusing on social determinants of health in Iran have experienced a growing trend in scientific production and the expansion of their research domains. This progress is evident not only in the increasing number of scientific publications but also in the shift of research approaches from focusing on specific diseases to broader issues such as health policy, mental health, and social health inequalities. These findings may serve of this study can serve as a valuable guide for policymakers and researchers in setting research priorities in the field of social determinants of health.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study employs a bibliometric aimed to analyze approach. The study population consisted of all scientific documents produced by the Social Determinants of Health Research Centers in Iran, ind in the Scopus database up to the end of 2023. Data analysis was conducted using the Bibliometrix package in the R programming language.
Results: The results revealed that Iranian Social Determinants of Health Research Centers have produced 8,358 scientific publications. The publication trend began in 2010, peaking in 2022. Original research articles (7,197 documents) constituted the majority of publications. The journals Health Education and Health Promotion, Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and Koomesh published the highest number of articles. Tehran University of Medical Sciences (1505 documents), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (1080 documents), and Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (955 documents) were the leading institutions. Inter-institutional collaborations highlighted the pivotal role of Tehran University. International collaborations were primarily with United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Key keywords included COVID-19, quality of life, and prevalence. Research themes focused on mental health, women, obesity, and diabetes, expanding in 2023–2024 toward primary healthcare and vulnerable populations.
Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that research centers focusing on social determinants of health in Iran have experienced a growing trend in scientific production and the expansion of their research domains. This progress is evident not only in the increasing number of scientific publications but also in the shift of research approaches from focusing on specific diseases to broader issues such as health policy, mental health, and social health inequalities. These findings may serve of this study can serve as a valuable guide for policymakers and researchers in setting research priorities in the field of social determinants of health.
Niloofar Mohammadzadeh, Zohreh Javanmard, Fatemeh Bahador,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (7-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 2 (7-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Today, with the digitalization of many healthcare processes, healthcare organizations strive to implement electronic health records (EHR) as effectively as possible. In this regard, the Meaningful Use (MU) program of EHRs was introduced in the United States. However, due to the existing challenges in this program and in order to accelerate the adoption of EHRs and reduce barriers, the Promoting Interoperability (PI) program was introduced by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). This study was conducted with the aim of reviewing the various dimensions of the PI within the EHR roadmap and examining strategies to overcome the obstacles of the MU program.
Materials and Methods: This scoping review was conducted in 2024. To assess the PI program, relevant articles were searched on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, as well as electronic documents from CMS, without any time restrictions until March 2024. The searches employed the primary keywords “EHR,” “Meaningful Use,” “Promoting Interoperability,” and their synonyms. Additionally, a manual search was performed using the Google Scholar search engine to ensure comprehensive retrieval of all pertinent literature. Subsequently, articles and documents meeting inclusion criteria were selected, and their main characteristics were extracted.
Results: The review revealed that the PI program introduces substantial changes in EHR program requirements, objectives, and scoring methods. The core objectives of this program include: 1. electronic prescribing, 2. health information exchange, 3. provider-to-patient information transfer, and 4. public health and clinical data exchange. Furthermore, the program emphasizes additional requirements to enhance the quality of implementation, promote better sharing of EHR data, and improve clinical quality.
Conclusion: The Promoting Interoperability program has the potential to enhance patient health outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. Moreover, it is expected to gain increasing significance for hospitals as they adopt innovative healthcare delivery and payment models.
Materials and Methods: This scoping review was conducted in 2024. To assess the PI program, relevant articles were searched on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, as well as electronic documents from CMS, without any time restrictions until March 2024. The searches employed the primary keywords “EHR,” “Meaningful Use,” “Promoting Interoperability,” and their synonyms. Additionally, a manual search was performed using the Google Scholar search engine to ensure comprehensive retrieval of all pertinent literature. Subsequently, articles and documents meeting inclusion criteria were selected, and their main characteristics were extracted.
Results: The review revealed that the PI program introduces substantial changes in EHR program requirements, objectives, and scoring methods. The core objectives of this program include: 1. electronic prescribing, 2. health information exchange, 3. provider-to-patient information transfer, and 4. public health and clinical data exchange. Furthermore, the program emphasizes additional requirements to enhance the quality of implementation, promote better sharing of EHR data, and improve clinical quality.
Conclusion: The Promoting Interoperability program has the potential to enhance patient health outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. Moreover, it is expected to gain increasing significance for hospitals as they adopt innovative healthcare delivery and payment models.
Faezeh Sadat Bahrololoumi Tabatabai, Nosrat Riahinia, Davoud Haseli, Fatemeh Pazouki,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (7-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 2 (7-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: With the increasing elderly population and their specific needs, access to health information in public libraries has become increasingly important. Public libraries can play a crucial role in providing reliable health information and enhancing health literacy among the elderly. This study aimed to identify the health information needs of the elderly in public libraries based on global experiences.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a systematic review using the Kitchenham and Charters framework. Relevant articles were retrieved from three major citation databases—PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science—covering the period from 2010 to 2024. Relevant keywords were used for searches, and reference lists and citations of the retrieved documents were examined to ensure comprehensive coverage. Inclusion criteria consisted of research articles related to the health information needs of the elderly in public libraries. Ultimately, 40 English-language articles were selected and analyzed. The extracted data were coded and categorized qualitatively.
Results: The findings indicated that the health information needs of the elderly in public libraries could be classified into four main categories: (1) Information Needs, including access to diverse health information resources, primary health information, public health and prevention information, and self-care and personal empowerment resources; (2) Educational Needs, encompassing information literacy, health information literacy, and educational events; (3) Social and Cultural Needs, including cultural and recreational activities, social and communication needs, social participation, and reducing social exclusion; and (4) Library Services and Facilities, comprising appropriate physical spaces, assistive reading technologies, and mobile and remote library services.
Conclusion: With the growing elderly population, public libraries face a critical responsibility in promoting the health and well-being of this demographic. The findings of this study reveal that the health information needs of the elderly extend beyond mere access to resources; they encompass educational, social-cultural, and library service dimensions. Therefore, it is essential to move beyond traditional information dissemination approaches and adopt a comprehensive, multilayered, and participatory framework—one that positions libraries as active institutions in enhancing public health among the elderly.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a systematic review using the Kitchenham and Charters framework. Relevant articles were retrieved from three major citation databases—PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science—covering the period from 2010 to 2024. Relevant keywords were used for searches, and reference lists and citations of the retrieved documents were examined to ensure comprehensive coverage. Inclusion criteria consisted of research articles related to the health information needs of the elderly in public libraries. Ultimately, 40 English-language articles were selected and analyzed. The extracted data were coded and categorized qualitatively.
Results: The findings indicated that the health information needs of the elderly in public libraries could be classified into four main categories: (1) Information Needs, including access to diverse health information resources, primary health information, public health and prevention information, and self-care and personal empowerment resources; (2) Educational Needs, encompassing information literacy, health information literacy, and educational events; (3) Social and Cultural Needs, including cultural and recreational activities, social and communication needs, social participation, and reducing social exclusion; and (4) Library Services and Facilities, comprising appropriate physical spaces, assistive reading technologies, and mobile and remote library services.
Conclusion: With the growing elderly population, public libraries face a critical responsibility in promoting the health and well-being of this demographic. The findings of this study reveal that the health information needs of the elderly extend beyond mere access to resources; they encompass educational, social-cultural, and library service dimensions. Therefore, it is essential to move beyond traditional information dissemination approaches and adopt a comprehensive, multilayered, and participatory framework—one that positions libraries as active institutions in enhancing public health among the elderly.
Hamidreza Khakrah, Mohammadreza Yazdankhahfard, Masoud Bahreini, Niloofar Motamed,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: With the advancement of information and communication technology, telehealth has rapidly emerged as a new approach to delivering health-related care. Telenursing, a subset of telehealth, allows nurses to coordinate and manage care using communication technologies. Despite its significant potential, the adoption of telenursing in Iran has been limited, necessitating an examination of the factors that influence its implementation. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between demographic characteristics, including age, gender, marital status, education level, employment history, position, hospital of service, experience with telephone interviews, experience in responding to telephone consultation requests, and knowledge and experience in using telenursing systems, with nurses’ behavioral intention to accept and use this technology.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2023 with 281 nurses from two educational hospitals affiliated with Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, utilizing a complete enumeration method. Data collection tools included a demographic information questionnaire and the Chang et al. questionnaire focusing on the behavioral intention domain. The reliability of the behavioral intention domain of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, which was found to be 0.73. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, such as the mean and standard deviation, as well as inferential tests, including the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the Spearman correlation coefficient. This analysis was performed with SPSS software. A significance level of less than 0.05 was used for all tests.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 33.30±7.46 years, and most of them were female and married. A significant relationship was observed between several demographic characteristics of the nurses and their behavioral intention to adopt telenursing. marital status (r=0.13, P=0.036), experience of conducting phone interviews with patients (r=0.20, P=0.001), experience of responding to phone consultation requests from patients or families (r=0.13, P=0.028), possession of knowledge and information about telenursing (r=0.26, P<0.001), and experience using the telenursing system (r=0.3, P<0.001), were all significantly associated with behavioral intention.
Conclusion: Telenursing, as one of the modern technologies of the present century, can be an effective solution to address the challenges of the healthcare system. The results of the study showed that some individual characteristics are related to the nurses’ behavioral intention to use this technology. To promote this technology, targeted training programs and supportive policies that address these factors are necessary.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2023 with 281 nurses from two educational hospitals affiliated with Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, utilizing a complete enumeration method. Data collection tools included a demographic information questionnaire and the Chang et al. questionnaire focusing on the behavioral intention domain. The reliability of the behavioral intention domain of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, which was found to be 0.73. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, such as the mean and standard deviation, as well as inferential tests, including the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the Spearman correlation coefficient. This analysis was performed with SPSS software. A significance level of less than 0.05 was used for all tests.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 33.30±7.46 years, and most of them were female and married. A significant relationship was observed between several demographic characteristics of the nurses and their behavioral intention to adopt telenursing. marital status (r=0.13, P=0.036), experience of conducting phone interviews with patients (r=0.20, P=0.001), experience of responding to phone consultation requests from patients or families (r=0.13, P=0.028), possession of knowledge and information about telenursing (r=0.26, P<0.001), and experience using the telenursing system (r=0.3, P<0.001), were all significantly associated with behavioral intention.
Conclusion: Telenursing, as one of the modern technologies of the present century, can be an effective solution to address the challenges of the healthcare system. The results of the study showed that some individual characteristics are related to the nurses’ behavioral intention to use this technology. To promote this technology, targeted training programs and supportive policies that address these factors are necessary.
Mahnaz Kamani, Nooshin Soleymani Asl, Ali Mansouri,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The expansion of information technology has led to the production of increasing knowledge, which may be a part of this knowledge that is hidden, so the role of knowledge management is very important to reveal knowledge. On the other hand, in health research, which is basically based on the needs of patients, their caregivers, and specialists, knowledge management is of great importance for the quality of their services. The aim of the current research is to analyze the status of research outputs in the field of knowledge management in the health sector.
Materials and Methods: Based on its nature, the present study is descriptive, quantitative, and applied, and was conducted using a lexical co-occurrence scientometric technique. The research community includes 2487 sources, which are the results of all research outputs in the field of knowledge management in the health sector, which are indexed in the Web of Science database. The analysis of the research questions was done through Excel, BibExcel, and VOSviewer software.
Results: According to research findings, the continents of Europe, Asia, and North America, respectively, have had the highest contributions to research output in the field of knowledge management in the health and healthcare sector. Among individual countries, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada demonstrated the most significant activity in this area, while Iran ranked 17th. Among the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the goals of Good Health and Well-being, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, and Quality Education have received the most attention in knowledge management research related to health and healthcare. The keyword co-occurrence map highlights the prominence of terms such as “knowledge management,” “healthcare,” and “electronic health records.” The identified thematic clusters also underscore the significance of three key domains: organizational performance, information management, and health information systems.
Conclusion: In developed countries and the first level of the world, attention to knowledge management in the field of health and health is more prominent. Also, in order to achieve a high level in the field of health and health as an important and effective criterion in most development sectors, it is necessary to address other sustainable development goals, especially by establishing systems Knowledge management in the field of health helped to achieve important goals such as eradicating poverty and hunger and reducing inequalities.
Materials and Methods: Based on its nature, the present study is descriptive, quantitative, and applied, and was conducted using a lexical co-occurrence scientometric technique. The research community includes 2487 sources, which are the results of all research outputs in the field of knowledge management in the health sector, which are indexed in the Web of Science database. The analysis of the research questions was done through Excel, BibExcel, and VOSviewer software.
Results: According to research findings, the continents of Europe, Asia, and North America, respectively, have had the highest contributions to research output in the field of knowledge management in the health and healthcare sector. Among individual countries, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada demonstrated the most significant activity in this area, while Iran ranked 17th. Among the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the goals of Good Health and Well-being, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, and Quality Education have received the most attention in knowledge management research related to health and healthcare. The keyword co-occurrence map highlights the prominence of terms such as “knowledge management,” “healthcare,” and “electronic health records.” The identified thematic clusters also underscore the significance of three key domains: organizational performance, information management, and health information systems.
Conclusion: In developed countries and the first level of the world, attention to knowledge management in the field of health and health is more prominent. Also, in order to achieve a high level in the field of health and health as an important and effective criterion in most development sectors, it is necessary to address other sustainable development goals, especially by establishing systems Knowledge management in the field of health helped to achieve important goals such as eradicating poverty and hunger and reducing inequalities.
Alireza Seyfi Ardali, Yoones Shahbazi, Mohammad Javad Katani, Mehrdad Azarbarzin,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Cognitive-behavioral therapy is one of the effective types of psychotherapy in the treatment of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety disorders, depression and improving mental health. This study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy on the mental health of patients with a history of myocardial infarction hospitalized in hospitals in Kermanshah province in 2024.
Materials and Methods: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of implementation method, it is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population of this study included all patients hospitalized with myocardial infarction in hospitals in Kermanshah province, from whom 45 people were selected conveniently and based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (three groups of 15 people). To collect the information required for the study, the Goldberg (2003) Demographic and Mental Health Questionnaire was used. SPSS statistical software and t-test and ANOVA statistical tests were used to analyze the research data.
Results: Out of a total of 45 participants, 29 were male (65.4%) and 16 were female (34.6%). The comparison of their mean mental health scores before the intervention in the pre-test and post-test was (64.8±11.18, 63.33±11.34), (62.6±12.22, 58.07±12.94) and (64.87±10.56, 61.87±10.59), respectively. Also, the results of the analysis of covariance test for comparing mental health in the acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive therapy groups showed that the F value obtained was 7.111 and its significance level was also smaller than 0.05 and was significant (P<0.05). As a result, both text-based acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy had a positive effect on the mental health of patients with a history of heart attack, and among them, the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy was higher.
Conclusion: Considering the lower mean scores of the ACT-based therapy group in the post-test, it can be concluded that it was more effective than cognitive behavioral therapy in increasing mental health.
Materials and Methods: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of implementation method, it is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population of this study included all patients hospitalized with myocardial infarction in hospitals in Kermanshah province, from whom 45 people were selected conveniently and based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (three groups of 15 people). To collect the information required for the study, the Goldberg (2003) Demographic and Mental Health Questionnaire was used. SPSS statistical software and t-test and ANOVA statistical tests were used to analyze the research data.
Results: Out of a total of 45 participants, 29 were male (65.4%) and 16 were female (34.6%). The comparison of their mean mental health scores before the intervention in the pre-test and post-test was (64.8±11.18, 63.33±11.34), (62.6±12.22, 58.07±12.94) and (64.87±10.56, 61.87±10.59), respectively. Also, the results of the analysis of covariance test for comparing mental health in the acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive therapy groups showed that the F value obtained was 7.111 and its significance level was also smaller than 0.05 and was significant (P<0.05). As a result, both text-based acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy had a positive effect on the mental health of patients with a history of heart attack, and among them, the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy was higher.
Conclusion: Considering the lower mean scores of the ACT-based therapy group in the post-test, it can be concluded that it was more effective than cognitive behavioral therapy in increasing mental health.
Roya Rajaee, Marziyeh Najafi, Nasrin Donyaee, Masoumeh Vaziri Seta, Hojjat Rahmani, Ghasem Rajabi, Mahsa Akbari,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Budgeting in the health system plays a crucial role in enhancing the quality of healthcare services, increasing equitable access to health care, and reducing costs. Financial decision-making based on scientific data and evidence can improve the efficiency of the health system and ensure equity in resource allocation. This study aimed to examine the scientific status and trends of published literature on budgeting methods in the health system using bibliometric analysis to assist policymakers in making better financial decisions.
Materials and Methods: This study is a bibliometric review with a descriptive–analytical approach, analyzing 222 scientific documents indexed in Scopus between 1974 and 2024. Data were analyzed using Excel, Bibexcel, VOSviewer, and Gephi software to map the knowledge structure, co-word relationships, and international collaborations in this field.
Results: The United States (30%), Taiwan (15%), and Canada (10%) were the leading contributors to scientific output in this field. Journal articles comprised nearly 90% of all publications. The most frequent keywords were “budget,” “health care cost,” and “financial management,” reflecting a strong emphasis on cost control and resource management. Three main budgeting approaches were identified: performance-based, traditional (historical), and needs-based. Traditional budgeting remains dominant in developing countries, particularly where information infrastructure and managerial capacity are limited. International collaboration involved 18 countries, with the strongest cooperation observed between the United States and Taiwan.
Conclusion: Improving the health budgeting system requires strengthening information systems, training managers, and enhancing international scientific collaboration. Resource allocation based on scientific data and bibliometric insights can optimize resource distribution and enhance equity in access to health services. Such measures would lead to greater health system efficiency and more comprehensive financial decision-making.
Materials and Methods: This study is a bibliometric review with a descriptive–analytical approach, analyzing 222 scientific documents indexed in Scopus between 1974 and 2024. Data were analyzed using Excel, Bibexcel, VOSviewer, and Gephi software to map the knowledge structure, co-word relationships, and international collaborations in this field.
Results: The United States (30%), Taiwan (15%), and Canada (10%) were the leading contributors to scientific output in this field. Journal articles comprised nearly 90% of all publications. The most frequent keywords were “budget,” “health care cost,” and “financial management,” reflecting a strong emphasis on cost control and resource management. Three main budgeting approaches were identified: performance-based, traditional (historical), and needs-based. Traditional budgeting remains dominant in developing countries, particularly where information infrastructure and managerial capacity are limited. International collaboration involved 18 countries, with the strongest cooperation observed between the United States and Taiwan.
Conclusion: Improving the health budgeting system requires strengthening information systems, training managers, and enhancing international scientific collaboration. Resource allocation based on scientific data and bibliometric insights can optimize resource distribution and enhance equity in access to health services. Such measures would lead to greater health system efficiency and more comprehensive financial decision-making.
Shohreh Seyyed-Hosseini, Marzieh Shahbazi, Alireza Davarpanah, Fatemeh Kalteh, Reza Basirian-Jahromi,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The monitoring of users’ real-time and continuous web searches, in conjunction with the identification of research conducted by experts in a specific field, constitutes the domain of infodemiology. The present study sought to examine the correlation between the demand for health information among users and the scientific output of researchers in elderly health from 2015 to 2024.
Materials and Methods: The present data mining research is of a descriptive-analytical nature, conducted using web mining and scientometrics approaches, employing infodemiology indicators. The web mining section of the study population comprised global user search keywords in the field of elderly health, as examined using Google Trends. In the scientometrics section, the research conducted by researchers in the field of elderly health was analyzed. This research was indexed in the PubMed database from 2015 to 2024. To examine the alignment between users’ information-seeking behavior and researchers’ scientific output, correlation tests were performed using SPSS software.
Results: A rise was observed in the volume of scientific output from researchers and the user search volume index in the field of elderly health on the Google search engine from 2015 to 2024. The monthly mean growth of scientific output from researchers over the ten years was 1439.70. In the user behavior of health information seeking (health information demand), the highest relative search volume index belonged to Ireland, Jamaica, and the United States of America, respectively. The highest number of scientific articles by researchers in the field of elderly health, with 20,480 articles, was related to the year 2021. Also, the average monthly growth of scientific output by researchers in the field of elderly health in this ten-year period (from January 2015 to December 2024) was 1439.70. The investigation revealed a direct and significant relationship (P-value<0.005) between users’ information-seeking behavior and researchers’ scientific output in this field, as determined by applying the Google search engine.
Conclusion: A multitude of factors have the capacity to influence the level of scientific output from researchers in the field of elderly health. In view of the positive relationship that has been observed and the reciprocal relation between the variables of users’ information-seeking behavior and researchers’ scientific output, it can be concluded that the factor of information demand, or users’ internet information-seeking behavior in the web environment, in this area, can be one of the most significant factors. This factor must be given due consideration through rigorous research.
Materials and Methods: The present data mining research is of a descriptive-analytical nature, conducted using web mining and scientometrics approaches, employing infodemiology indicators. The web mining section of the study population comprised global user search keywords in the field of elderly health, as examined using Google Trends. In the scientometrics section, the research conducted by researchers in the field of elderly health was analyzed. This research was indexed in the PubMed database from 2015 to 2024. To examine the alignment between users’ information-seeking behavior and researchers’ scientific output, correlation tests were performed using SPSS software.
Results: A rise was observed in the volume of scientific output from researchers and the user search volume index in the field of elderly health on the Google search engine from 2015 to 2024. The monthly mean growth of scientific output from researchers over the ten years was 1439.70. In the user behavior of health information seeking (health information demand), the highest relative search volume index belonged to Ireland, Jamaica, and the United States of America, respectively. The highest number of scientific articles by researchers in the field of elderly health, with 20,480 articles, was related to the year 2021. Also, the average monthly growth of scientific output by researchers in the field of elderly health in this ten-year period (from January 2015 to December 2024) was 1439.70. The investigation revealed a direct and significant relationship (P-value<0.005) between users’ information-seeking behavior and researchers’ scientific output in this field, as determined by applying the Google search engine.
Conclusion: A multitude of factors have the capacity to influence the level of scientific output from researchers in the field of elderly health. In view of the positive relationship that has been observed and the reciprocal relation between the variables of users’ information-seeking behavior and researchers’ scientific output, it can be concluded that the factor of information demand, or users’ internet information-seeking behavior in the web environment, in this area, can be one of the most significant factors. This factor must be given due consideration through rigorous research.
Shiva Mohajel Nayebi, Azra Daei, Vahideh Gavgani Zarea,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The continuous specialization and rapid evolution in medical and health sciences, combined with the growing influence of information and communication technologies, have created an urgent need for specialized education in Medical Library and Information Science (MLIS). As universities transition toward the fourth and fifth-generation models, characterized by innovation, networking, and entrepreneurial orientation, academic disciplines are expected to become more dynamic and responsive to technological and societal change. This study aimed to identify emerging community-based educational specializations, explore the related challenges and enabling factors, and develop policy recommendations for establishing a new specialization in MLIS.
Materials and Methods: This multi-methods research was conducted with the goal of informing educational policy and curriculum development. In the first phase, a scoping review following the Arksey and O’Malley framework and guided by the PRISMA-ScR checklist was carried out to identify existing and emerging specializations in health-related information sciences. In the second phase, a focus group discussion (FGD) involving eight domain experts explored perceived challenges, influencing factors, and potential strategies for specialization development. Finally, in the third phase, a simple Delphi technique was applied with ten policymakers in Medical Library and Information Science to prioritize the proposed specialization options. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically, using coding and categorization to identify recurrent patterns and themes.
Results: The scoping review included 22 eligible studies, from which 11 educational specializations related to health information and librarianship were initially extracted. After merging overlapping domains, eight distinct specializations remained. Following expert and policymaker prioritization, four educational specializations were selected as feasible and necessary for integration into the MLIS curriculum. The main challenges identified were: Ensuring disciplinary sustainability in the face of rapid scientific and technological change; Promoting structural and curricular reform to align educational programs with real-world health information needs; Overcoming institutional and cultural resistance to organizational change. Policymakers emphasized curriculum modernization, specialized educational tracks, and needs-based program design as essential strategies for strengthening MLIS education and its alignment with health system priorities.
Conclusion: The study recommends that universities establish new educational specializations or formal short-term programs tailored to national and regional needs in health information science. Implementing the proposed policy options can enhance the long-term sustainability, relevance, and innovation capacity of the MLIS discipline while increasing the employability and professional competence of graduates. Strengthening educational responsiveness to societal and technological transformation will position Medical Librarianship and Information Science as a key enabler in evidence-based health systems and digital health development.
Materials and Methods: This multi-methods research was conducted with the goal of informing educational policy and curriculum development. In the first phase, a scoping review following the Arksey and O’Malley framework and guided by the PRISMA-ScR checklist was carried out to identify existing and emerging specializations in health-related information sciences. In the second phase, a focus group discussion (FGD) involving eight domain experts explored perceived challenges, influencing factors, and potential strategies for specialization development. Finally, in the third phase, a simple Delphi technique was applied with ten policymakers in Medical Library and Information Science to prioritize the proposed specialization options. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically, using coding and categorization to identify recurrent patterns and themes.
Results: The scoping review included 22 eligible studies, from which 11 educational specializations related to health information and librarianship were initially extracted. After merging overlapping domains, eight distinct specializations remained. Following expert and policymaker prioritization, four educational specializations were selected as feasible and necessary for integration into the MLIS curriculum. The main challenges identified were: Ensuring disciplinary sustainability in the face of rapid scientific and technological change; Promoting structural and curricular reform to align educational programs with real-world health information needs; Overcoming institutional and cultural resistance to organizational change. Policymakers emphasized curriculum modernization, specialized educational tracks, and needs-based program design as essential strategies for strengthening MLIS education and its alignment with health system priorities.
Conclusion: The study recommends that universities establish new educational specializations or formal short-term programs tailored to national and regional needs in health information science. Implementing the proposed policy options can enhance the long-term sustainability, relevance, and innovation capacity of the MLIS discipline while increasing the employability and professional competence of graduates. Strengthening educational responsiveness to societal and technological transformation will position Medical Librarianship and Information Science as a key enabler in evidence-based health systems and digital health development.
Pezhman Sadeghi, Nader Jahanmehr, Reza Rabiei,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Information systems serve different purposes in organizational and management hierarchies. The hospital intelligent management system is an analytical and decision-support management information system that provides information and important performance indicators for managers in hospitals. Considering the role of this system in increasing the efficiency and effectiveness and the lack of academic hospitals having the desired level of productivity, this research was conducted to investigate the effective factors in improving the acceptance of the intelligent hospital management system in the hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU).
Materials and Methods: This descriptive and correlational research was conducted in 19 hospitals (12 teaching hospitals and 7 non-teaching hospitals) of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2022. In this study, 126 senior and middle managers and experts of the productivity committee participated. The data of this study were collected Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT) Questionnaire and for statistical analysis, SPSS software (statistical table and linear and multiple regression tests, sequencing, and chi-square) was used. The validity of the questionnaire was determined using the opinion of research experts and its reliability was also determined using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.824).
Results: Most of the participants in the study were from teaching hospitals (63.2%) and were middle managers (50.8%). Behavioral intentions were identified as the most important factors in the use of system by senior and middle managers and experts of productivity committee (P<0.001). The effort expectancy had the greatest impact on the intention to use the system as compared to the expected components of Performance expectancy and social influence. Also, training and having educational programs on how to use the HIM and its applications can increase the intention and use of the HIM by employees (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the results, the effect of the moderating variables in this study was insignificant. If senior managers and influential people encourage working with the system, and employees also make more effort to learn the system, and working with the system meets their expectations, employees will be willing to use the system. In other words, employees use the system when they believe that this system is user-friendly, valuable, and useful for them.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive and correlational research was conducted in 19 hospitals (12 teaching hospitals and 7 non-teaching hospitals) of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2022. In this study, 126 senior and middle managers and experts of the productivity committee participated. The data of this study were collected Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT) Questionnaire and for statistical analysis, SPSS software (statistical table and linear and multiple regression tests, sequencing, and chi-square) was used. The validity of the questionnaire was determined using the opinion of research experts and its reliability was also determined using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.824).
Results: Most of the participants in the study were from teaching hospitals (63.2%) and were middle managers (50.8%). Behavioral intentions were identified as the most important factors in the use of system by senior and middle managers and experts of productivity committee (P<0.001). The effort expectancy had the greatest impact on the intention to use the system as compared to the expected components of Performance expectancy and social influence. Also, training and having educational programs on how to use the HIM and its applications can increase the intention and use of the HIM by employees (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the results, the effect of the moderating variables in this study was insignificant. If senior managers and influential people encourage working with the system, and employees also make more effort to learn the system, and working with the system meets their expectations, employees will be willing to use the system. In other words, employees use the system when they believe that this system is user-friendly, valuable, and useful for them.
Hojjat Rahmani, Payam Bahadori, Hossein Dargahi, Mohammad Arab, Nasrin Abolhasanbeigi Gallehzan, Mohsen Mardali,
Volume 19, Issue 6 (3-2026)
Volume 19, Issue 6 (3-2026)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The occurrence of conflict of interest in the Iranian health system has a negative impact on the provision of efficient and effective health care and services to patients, the training and education of students in medical sciences. Despite the efforts made in the country’s health system to manage conflict of interest, this phenomenon is currently observed through various factors, including the inefficiency of the financial structure, lack of transparency, and the lack of an integrated health information system in Iran.
Materials and Methods: The present scoping review study that aimed to identify and determine conflict of interest management strategies in the Iranian health system in comparison with selected countries and to select appropriate strategies in 2024-2025 using the Arksey and O’Malley guidelines. All relevant articles and resources from 2007 to 2024 were extracted from national and international databases by observing the entry and exit criteria and by selecting Persian and English keywords. After screening steps using Prisma flowchart, 23 studies in English and Persian language from international and national databases, were analyzed.
Results: Findings from 17 international studies—most of which were conducted in the United States—along with 6 domestic articles, showed main strategies of Iranian conflict of interest which included participation, transparency, legal oversight, processes reform, restructuring and reorganization. Although, using collective campaigns for correction of process behaviors and decisions, definition of ethical ethic codes, and standardization may help implementation of these strategies. Also, the most common cause of conflict of interest in the health system is individual rather than organizational, which requires regulation, the use of legislative levers, and the transparency of financial relations in the health system.
Conclusion: Accurate identification of potential examples of conflict of interests among the agents of health care system by implementing information clarification, and using modern procedures may decrease the challenges in formulating and implementing strategies of conflict of interests among Iranian health care system. Although benchmarking from successful countries will be helpful in these countries. The implementation of these recommendations may face challenges within Iranian society, including resistance from certain professional groups, a lack of financial and technical resources, and the complexity and specific conditions of the health system. Therefore, a step-by-step approach to implementing policy recommendations for managing conflicts of interest in the health system should be considered.
Materials and Methods: The present scoping review study that aimed to identify and determine conflict of interest management strategies in the Iranian health system in comparison with selected countries and to select appropriate strategies in 2024-2025 using the Arksey and O’Malley guidelines. All relevant articles and resources from 2007 to 2024 were extracted from national and international databases by observing the entry and exit criteria and by selecting Persian and English keywords. After screening steps using Prisma flowchart, 23 studies in English and Persian language from international and national databases, were analyzed.
Results: Findings from 17 international studies—most of which were conducted in the United States—along with 6 domestic articles, showed main strategies of Iranian conflict of interest which included participation, transparency, legal oversight, processes reform, restructuring and reorganization. Although, using collective campaigns for correction of process behaviors and decisions, definition of ethical ethic codes, and standardization may help implementation of these strategies. Also, the most common cause of conflict of interest in the health system is individual rather than organizational, which requires regulation, the use of legislative levers, and the transparency of financial relations in the health system.
Conclusion: Accurate identification of potential examples of conflict of interests among the agents of health care system by implementing information clarification, and using modern procedures may decrease the challenges in formulating and implementing strategies of conflict of interests among Iranian health care system. Although benchmarking from successful countries will be helpful in these countries. The implementation of these recommendations may face challenges within Iranian society, including resistance from certain professional groups, a lack of financial and technical resources, and the complexity and specific conditions of the health system. Therefore, a step-by-step approach to implementing policy recommendations for managing conflicts of interest in the health system should be considered.
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