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Masoomeh Abdi Talarposhti, Ghahraman Mahmoudi Alemi, Mohammad Ali Jahani,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (oct & Nov 2021)
Volume 15, Issue 4 (oct & Nov 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the reasons that caused healths clients are feeling dissatisfaction with health organizations is expectations that they are creating and not able to meet according to their expectations. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of production a branding model for health services with the of clients’ expectations approach.
Materials and Methods: This compound study was performed in 2021. The statistical population of this study in qualitative phase included 20 academic and institutional experts using snowball sampling and the Delphi technique. For the quantitative phase, 830 people referred to health centers were selected as service recipients. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by face, content, and structural validity, and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha of 0.96 Quantitative data were presented by EQS software version 6.1 with confirmatory factor analysis and using structural equations.
Results: The results of factor structure in healthcare branding based on six main themes of competitive position, brand equity, brand accessibility, brand consolidation in the minds of clients and the market, branding strategies, and consumer-brand relationship with 19 sub-themes based on the perspective of health services clients (CFI=0/9, TLI=0/9, SRMR=0/049, RMSEA=0/09) had a good fit and the internal consistency of the items had significant levels (P<0/05).
Conclusion: The results of this study show that 19 sub-main themes confirm the six-factor structure of health services branding and were one of the effective themes in branding from the perspective of clients. Since the branding of health services improves the quantity and quality of services provided in the health system, therefore, it is suggested that by creating innovation in the quantity and quality of services provided, access to health services, creating a competitive advantage and empowering employees and improving communication skills, an effective step can be taken in health services branding planning.
Materials and Methods: This compound study was performed in 2021. The statistical population of this study in qualitative phase included 20 academic and institutional experts using snowball sampling and the Delphi technique. For the quantitative phase, 830 people referred to health centers were selected as service recipients. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by face, content, and structural validity, and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha of 0.96 Quantitative data were presented by EQS software version 6.1 with confirmatory factor analysis and using structural equations.
Results: The results of factor structure in healthcare branding based on six main themes of competitive position, brand equity, brand accessibility, brand consolidation in the minds of clients and the market, branding strategies, and consumer-brand relationship with 19 sub-themes based on the perspective of health services clients (CFI=0/9, TLI=0/9, SRMR=0/049, RMSEA=0/09) had a good fit and the internal consistency of the items had significant levels (P<0/05).
Conclusion: The results of this study show that 19 sub-main themes confirm the six-factor structure of health services branding and were one of the effective themes in branding from the perspective of clients. Since the branding of health services improves the quantity and quality of services provided in the health system, therefore, it is suggested that by creating innovation in the quantity and quality of services provided, access to health services, creating a competitive advantage and empowering employees and improving communication skills, an effective step can be taken in health services branding planning.
Malihe Dalili Saleh, Maryam Salami, Faramarz Soheili, Soraya Ziaei,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (oct & Nov 2021)
Volume 15, Issue 4 (oct & Nov 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: University libraries must meet certain criteria to enter fourth-generation libraries, one of which is the use of new technologies. The aim of this study was to identify the attitudes of library users of medical universities towards the components of augmented reality (AR) technology.
Materials and Methods: The research method was survey and type of study was applied. Quantitative research approach and research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The internal validity of the questionnaire was assessed through CVI and its reliability was estimated using ICC. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed using the opinions of 10 experts in information science and AR; its reliability was obtained with Cronbach’s alpha correlation coefficient (0.96). Through the online questionnaire, data from users’ perspectives on the components of familiarity, features, application, advantages, opportunities and limitations were collected in the form of 5 Likert questions. Data analysis with SPSS 26 was used through independent t-test, ANOVA and Tukey to evaluate the status of AR components.
Results: Users’ familiarity with AR was 50.55%. 78.23% of the users agreed with AR in the libraries of medical universities. In general, the mean was 3.91 and the standard deviation was 0.63. The possibility of developing research activities, use of technology to enhance learning, advantage of attractiveness, and opportunity to develop a scientific educational program were mentioned as the most important items among other AR factors. One of the limitations of setting it up in university libraries was the lack of high-speed internet. The general attitude of users towards AR was at the desired level.
Conclusion: Library users at medical universities agreed with the facilities, opportunities and use of AR. The results showed that AR technology is practical and useful from the perspective of users in the libraries of Iranian medical universities. AR with user support, improving user activity, creating attractiveness, attracting audience, content creation according to various library resources, content gamification, knowledge sharing, content resource deprivation, based on the availability of technical facilities, an opportunity to develop Creates libraries of medical universities.
Materials and Methods: The research method was survey and type of study was applied. Quantitative research approach and research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The internal validity of the questionnaire was assessed through CVI and its reliability was estimated using ICC. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed using the opinions of 10 experts in information science and AR; its reliability was obtained with Cronbach’s alpha correlation coefficient (0.96). Through the online questionnaire, data from users’ perspectives on the components of familiarity, features, application, advantages, opportunities and limitations were collected in the form of 5 Likert questions. Data analysis with SPSS 26 was used through independent t-test, ANOVA and Tukey to evaluate the status of AR components.
Results: Users’ familiarity with AR was 50.55%. 78.23% of the users agreed with AR in the libraries of medical universities. In general, the mean was 3.91 and the standard deviation was 0.63. The possibility of developing research activities, use of technology to enhance learning, advantage of attractiveness, and opportunity to develop a scientific educational program were mentioned as the most important items among other AR factors. One of the limitations of setting it up in university libraries was the lack of high-speed internet. The general attitude of users towards AR was at the desired level.
Conclusion: Library users at medical universities agreed with the facilities, opportunities and use of AR. The results showed that AR technology is practical and useful from the perspective of users in the libraries of Iranian medical universities. AR with user support, improving user activity, creating attractiveness, attracting audience, content creation according to various library resources, content gamification, knowledge sharing, content resource deprivation, based on the availability of technical facilities, an opportunity to develop Creates libraries of medical universities.
Sirous Panahi, Seideh Fakharpour, Shahram Sedghi,
Volume 15, Issue 6 (Feb & Mar 2022)
Volume 15, Issue 6 (Feb & Mar 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The open peer review process, which is one of the peer-reviewed methods in journals, has been accepted in scientific forums. The aim of this study was to investigate the points of view of university faculty members about the open peer review process of journal articles.
Materials and Methods: The study used a descriptive survey. The sample size was calculated using the Cochran’s formula of 150 people out of a total of 246 faculty members of Alborz University of Medical Sciences. The research tool was a questionnaire designed based on the existing literature. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics and paired t-test.
Results: The results showed that the participants’ views on “approaches and processes of open peer review” with 3.48 mean score and “benefits of open peer review” with mean score of 3.70 were relatively desirable. Among the open peer review styles, participants preferred the “open reporting” and “data peer review” styles, respectively. Participants’ views on the “advantages and disadvantages of open peer review” also indicated that participants agreed with most of the components presented in this area. There was also a statistically significant difference between the mean score of participants’ views on the traditional peer review process and open peer review (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Open peer review is relatively accepted among the faculty members of Alborz University of Medical Sciences. As the acceptance of this type of peer review increases among the scientific community, paying attention to the attitudes and views related to the open peer review process can improve the quality of articles and research published in scientific journals.
Materials and Methods: The study used a descriptive survey. The sample size was calculated using the Cochran’s formula of 150 people out of a total of 246 faculty members of Alborz University of Medical Sciences. The research tool was a questionnaire designed based on the existing literature. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics and paired t-test.
Results: The results showed that the participants’ views on “approaches and processes of open peer review” with 3.48 mean score and “benefits of open peer review” with mean score of 3.70 were relatively desirable. Among the open peer review styles, participants preferred the “open reporting” and “data peer review” styles, respectively. Participants’ views on the “advantages and disadvantages of open peer review” also indicated that participants agreed with most of the components presented in this area. There was also a statistically significant difference between the mean score of participants’ views on the traditional peer review process and open peer review (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Open peer review is relatively accepted among the faculty members of Alborz University of Medical Sciences. As the acceptance of this type of peer review increases among the scientific community, paying attention to the attitudes and views related to the open peer review process can improve the quality of articles and research published in scientific journals.
Saman Mohammadpour, Reza Rabiei, Elham Shabahrami, Kamyar Fathisalari, Maryam Khakzad, Mostafa Langarizadeh,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (Jun 2022)
Volume 16, Issue 2 (Jun 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world, which leads to the death of more than 10 million people in the world every year. Its early diagnosis, management and proper treatment play an important role in reducing complications and mortality. One of the support tools in early diagnosis, treatment and management of this disease are Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS), which are divided into two groups, rule-based and non-rule-based. Rule-based decision support systems are created based on clinical guidelines, while non-rule-based decision support systems use machine learning. In this research, the effects of decision support systems, rule-based and non-rule-based, on cancer diagnosis, treatment and management were measured.
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted using a systematic review method, which was conducted by searching the Web of Science, Scopus, IEEE and PubMED databases until 12/31/2021. After removing duplicates and evaluating the characteristics of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, studies related to the goal were selected. The selection of articles was based on the title, abstract and full text The data collection tool was the data extraction form, which included year of study, type of study, system of body, organ of body, the service provided by the decision support system, type of decision support system, effect, effect index and the score of effect index. Narrative synthesis were used for data analysis.
Results: Out of 768 articles, 16 articles related to the objectives of the study were identified. Studies were presented in two categories of clinical decision-support systems: Rule-based and non-Rule based. The effects evaluated in the clinical decision support systems were Rule-based, dose adjustment, symptoms, adherence to treatment guidelines, care time, smoking, need for chemotherapy and pain management, all of which except pain management were significant and positive. The effects evaluated were in the category of non-Rule based clinical decision support systems, diagnostic and therapeutic decisions, controlling neutropenia, all of which were significant and positive except controlling neutropenia.
Conclusion: The results obtained for the effectiveness of both Rule-based and non-Rule-based decision support systems indicated different benefits of these two categories. Therefore, using their combination in the field of cancer can bring very useful results.
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted using a systematic review method, which was conducted by searching the Web of Science, Scopus, IEEE and PubMED databases until 12/31/2021. After removing duplicates and evaluating the characteristics of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, studies related to the goal were selected. The selection of articles was based on the title, abstract and full text The data collection tool was the data extraction form, which included year of study, type of study, system of body, organ of body, the service provided by the decision support system, type of decision support system, effect, effect index and the score of effect index. Narrative synthesis were used for data analysis.
Results: Out of 768 articles, 16 articles related to the objectives of the study were identified. Studies were presented in two categories of clinical decision-support systems: Rule-based and non-Rule based. The effects evaluated in the clinical decision support systems were Rule-based, dose adjustment, symptoms, adherence to treatment guidelines, care time, smoking, need for chemotherapy and pain management, all of which except pain management were significant and positive. The effects evaluated were in the category of non-Rule based clinical decision support systems, diagnostic and therapeutic decisions, controlling neutropenia, all of which were significant and positive except controlling neutropenia.
Conclusion: The results obtained for the effectiveness of both Rule-based and non-Rule-based decision support systems indicated different benefits of these two categories. Therefore, using their combination in the field of cancer can bring very useful results.
Manouchehr Karami, Payam Kabiri, Farzaneh Fazli, Nahid Ramezanghorbani,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (Oct 2022)
Volume 16, Issue 4 (Oct 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the most important challenges in the field of research information management is the use of reliable and qualified software to manage research resources in health domain. This study aimed to develop a validation tools for research information management systems in Iran to utilize by universities in the process of using existing research information management systems.
Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted in two stages. In the first stage, a validation tool for research information management systems (Pajoohan, Pajooheshyar, Jiro, Yektaweb, Kuiper) was designed, and in the next stage, in order to ensure the validity of the produced tool, a self-assessment survey was conducted by users of research information management systems in medical sciences universities. Therefore, this tool was completed by 104 researchers from all over the country. The collected data were analyzed by Excel and SPSS software.
Results: The developed validation tool of research information management systems included four components and 82 indicators: software design and architecture (17 indicators), usability and user environment (16 indicators), professional use (36 indicators) and management (13 indicators). Based on the self-declared results of the users, this tool has 57 mandatory features, 26 preferred and 4 optional features. The results of the validation of research information management systems based on this tool showed that the highest rank in the component of architecture, professional use and software management was related to the Kuiper system, and in the component of usability and user environment was related to the Pajoohan system. In the self-declaration done by the users ,12 cases of Jiro system ,11 cases of Kuiper system ,11 cases of Pajoohan system ,7 cases of Pajooheshyar, and 5 cases of Yektaweb system have received confirmation above 75%.
Conclusions: The validation tool which developed by this study can be used in the evaluation of current research information management systems and the selection of new systems for use in the research field. In addition, it can be used to improve current systems and purchase new systems by academic universities and research centers.
Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted in two stages. In the first stage, a validation tool for research information management systems (Pajoohan, Pajooheshyar, Jiro, Yektaweb, Kuiper) was designed, and in the next stage, in order to ensure the validity of the produced tool, a self-assessment survey was conducted by users of research information management systems in medical sciences universities. Therefore, this tool was completed by 104 researchers from all over the country. The collected data were analyzed by Excel and SPSS software.
Results: The developed validation tool of research information management systems included four components and 82 indicators: software design and architecture (17 indicators), usability and user environment (16 indicators), professional use (36 indicators) and management (13 indicators). Based on the self-declared results of the users, this tool has 57 mandatory features, 26 preferred and 4 optional features. The results of the validation of research information management systems based on this tool showed that the highest rank in the component of architecture, professional use and software management was related to the Kuiper system, and in the component of usability and user environment was related to the Pajoohan system. In the self-declaration done by the users ,12 cases of Jiro system ,11 cases of Kuiper system ,11 cases of Pajoohan system ,7 cases of Pajooheshyar, and 5 cases of Yektaweb system have received confirmation above 75%.
Conclusions: The validation tool which developed by this study can be used in the evaluation of current research information management systems and the selection of new systems for use in the research field. In addition, it can be used to improve current systems and purchase new systems by academic universities and research centers.
Fatemeh Mohabati, Maryam Tajvar, Bahram Mohaghegh, Seyedpouria Hedayati, Mohammad Arab,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (Oct 2022)
Volume 16, Issue 4 (Oct 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Reforming the structure of medical universities and its continuous adaptation to the mission of the organization and new functions is an undeniable necessity. The purpose of this article was to explain how to implement this policy.
Materials and Methods: The current qualitative study was conducted in 2020 retrospectively based on Kingdon’s multiple streams model. Data collection was done using two methods: individual interviews and document review. Sampling of the managers and experts of the administrative development and transformation centers of the Ministry of Health and 12 universities of Medical Sciences as well as vice-chancellors of the universities was done in a purposeful and snowball method until data saturation was reached by conducting 19 individual interviews. Data analysis were done with framework and content analysis methods, and using MAXQDA 2020 software.
Results: The low of structural problems included quantitative and qualitative changes in new tasks in the environmental units of universities, interference and parallel work in the tasks of university units, and bargainings for restructuring by universities. The policy low included the obligation to make structural changes in the upstream laws and documents, including the Fifth Development Plan, and the cooperation of all stakeholders. The political process included the implementation of the Health Transformation and the Family Physician Plan, and the support of relevant policymakers and the approval of the law of becoming a university trustee in the law of the fifth plan of economic development and also gaining the all-round support of the stakeholders.
Conclusion: The medical sciences universities, as the headquarters arm of the Ministry of Health at the provincial level, need to have flexible structure in line with the needs of their surrounding units. In luential context factors in policy-making the reform of the structure of the headquarters of universities/colleges, in addition to the stream of structural problems, the main of which was the change in the duties of the units, along with the political determination created in the Ministry of Health, led to the simultaneous occurrence of three streams of problems, Politics and politics and finally opening the window of opportunity and changing the structure and organization of the headquarters of medical sciences universities.
Materials and Methods: The current qualitative study was conducted in 2020 retrospectively based on Kingdon’s multiple streams model. Data collection was done using two methods: individual interviews and document review. Sampling of the managers and experts of the administrative development and transformation centers of the Ministry of Health and 12 universities of Medical Sciences as well as vice-chancellors of the universities was done in a purposeful and snowball method until data saturation was reached by conducting 19 individual interviews. Data analysis were done with framework and content analysis methods, and using MAXQDA 2020 software.
Results: The low of structural problems included quantitative and qualitative changes in new tasks in the environmental units of universities, interference and parallel work in the tasks of university units, and bargainings for restructuring by universities. The policy low included the obligation to make structural changes in the upstream laws and documents, including the Fifth Development Plan, and the cooperation of all stakeholders. The political process included the implementation of the Health Transformation and the Family Physician Plan, and the support of relevant policymakers and the approval of the law of becoming a university trustee in the law of the fifth plan of economic development and also gaining the all-round support of the stakeholders.
Conclusion: The medical sciences universities, as the headquarters arm of the Ministry of Health at the provincial level, need to have flexible structure in line with the needs of their surrounding units. In luential context factors in policy-making the reform of the structure of the headquarters of universities/colleges, in addition to the stream of structural problems, the main of which was the change in the duties of the units, along with the political determination created in the Ministry of Health, led to the simultaneous occurrence of three streams of problems, Politics and politics and finally opening the window of opportunity and changing the structure and organization of the headquarters of medical sciences universities.
Reza Saadat Mehr, Aram Karimian, Kamel Abdi, Fereshteh Bakhshian, Mehran Zarghami,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Burned patients experience a high level of anxiety during dress changing. The use of complementary medicine is one of the methods of anxiety management that many studies have conducted about it in recent years. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of progressive relaxation with abdominal respiration technique on pain anxiety of burn dressing.
Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial with a control group. We selected forty-five patients referred to Zare Hospital in Sari through simple sampling and assigned into three groups. The first group received relaxation intervention, the second group received respiratory technique intervention, and no intervention was performed in the control group. Burn Specific Pain Anxiety Scale (BSPAS) was used to measure pain-related anxiety. SPSS software version 20 was used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test were used for data analysis.
Results: Based on the results, 28% of the participants in the study were single and 72% were married. In terms of age, most of the participants were between 31 and 40 years old. The findings showed that there was no significant difference between the mean pain anxiety levels in the three groups before the intervention. There was a significant difference in the average burn dressing pain anxiety after the intervention between the relaxation group and the control group (P<0.001) and the breathing techniques group and the control group (P<0.000), so that the average burn dressing pain anxiety in the group Relaxation was reduced by 8.60 units as compared to the control group and in the breathing techniques group by 11.60 units as compared to the control group.
Conclusions: The use of relaxation “techniques” and respiratory techniques, which are non-pharmacological methods, are recommended during dress changing in the burned patient. These methods are simple and inexpensive and can reduce the effects of pain anxiety during dress changing.
Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial with a control group. We selected forty-five patients referred to Zare Hospital in Sari through simple sampling and assigned into three groups. The first group received relaxation intervention, the second group received respiratory technique intervention, and no intervention was performed in the control group. Burn Specific Pain Anxiety Scale (BSPAS) was used to measure pain-related anxiety. SPSS software version 20 was used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test were used for data analysis.
Results: Based on the results, 28% of the participants in the study were single and 72% were married. In terms of age, most of the participants were between 31 and 40 years old. The findings showed that there was no significant difference between the mean pain anxiety levels in the three groups before the intervention. There was a significant difference in the average burn dressing pain anxiety after the intervention between the relaxation group and the control group (P<0.001) and the breathing techniques group and the control group (P<0.000), so that the average burn dressing pain anxiety in the group Relaxation was reduced by 8.60 units as compared to the control group and in the breathing techniques group by 11.60 units as compared to the control group.
Conclusions: The use of relaxation “techniques” and respiratory techniques, which are non-pharmacological methods, are recommended during dress changing in the burned patient. These methods are simple and inexpensive and can reduce the effects of pain anxiety during dress changing.
Akram Hemmatipour, Ali Hatami, Azam Jahangirimehr, Foruzan Jelodari, Zahra Mehri,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: There is a correlation between disease and quality of life in patients with chronic disease and physical disorders have a direct effect on all aspects of quality of life. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of family-centered empowerment model based on multimedia education on the quality of life of children with thalassemia.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 120 patients along with their parents, who had medical records at the thalassemia center of Khatam al-Anbiya Hospital in Shoushtar, were selected according to the inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups of intervention and control (n=60) by random allocation. Subjects were matched in terms of age and gender. The data collection tools included Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (Ped-SQL) and researcher-made questionnaires of awareness and self-efficacy in the area of thalassemia. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon statistical tests and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: Out of 120 children who were included in the study, 87 were girls (72.5%), the mean age of these children was 9.74±2.25 years and disease duration was 5.35±4.47 years. In this study, in terms of children’s quality of life and its dimensions, after the implementation of the educational model, a significant increase was observed compared to pre-test phase only in the intervention group (P<0.001). After implementing this model, the level of knowledge (P<0.001) and self-efficacy of parents (P=0.003) was faced with a significant increase, and this significance was also observed compared to the control group (P<0.001). The variables of age, gender, disease duration and parents’ education level had no effect on parents’ self-efficacy and knowledge as well as children’s quality of life (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the implementation of family-centered empowerment programs based on multimedia education among parents of children with thalassemia improved the quality of life of these children by increasing the knowledge and self-efficacy of their parents. It is suggested that this program be implemented on a wider scale with better facilities for parents and the family members.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 120 patients along with their parents, who had medical records at the thalassemia center of Khatam al-Anbiya Hospital in Shoushtar, were selected according to the inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups of intervention and control (n=60) by random allocation. Subjects were matched in terms of age and gender. The data collection tools included Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (Ped-SQL) and researcher-made questionnaires of awareness and self-efficacy in the area of thalassemia. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon statistical tests and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: Out of 120 children who were included in the study, 87 were girls (72.5%), the mean age of these children was 9.74±2.25 years and disease duration was 5.35±4.47 years. In this study, in terms of children’s quality of life and its dimensions, after the implementation of the educational model, a significant increase was observed compared to pre-test phase only in the intervention group (P<0.001). After implementing this model, the level of knowledge (P<0.001) and self-efficacy of parents (P=0.003) was faced with a significant increase, and this significance was also observed compared to the control group (P<0.001). The variables of age, gender, disease duration and parents’ education level had no effect on parents’ self-efficacy and knowledge as well as children’s quality of life (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the implementation of family-centered empowerment programs based on multimedia education among parents of children with thalassemia improved the quality of life of these children by increasing the knowledge and self-efficacy of their parents. It is suggested that this program be implemented on a wider scale with better facilities for parents and the family members.
Maryam Aghajarinezhad, Yahya Salimi, Shahab Rezaeian, Ghobad Moradi, Mehdi Moradinazar, Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani, Roya Safari_ Faramani, Mitra Darbandi, Farid Najafi,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (5-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 2 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: All people living in a society are not equally at risk of COVID-19 infection and hospitalization. The current study is aimed to determine the factors related to COVID-19 infection and hospitalization among participants of Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study.
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted between 28th February, 2020 to 27th November, 2021. Data from the RaNCD study, morbidity and hospitalizations cases (extracted from the medical care monitoring system, SAMA system and the handwritten list of the health department) and positive serological results were used. For the case-cohort study, 626 confirmed and/or probable cases and 2107 randomly selected participants as sub-cohort were recruited. For the case-control study, 188 COVID-19 hospitalized patients from RaNCD (as cases) and 632 positive outpatients identified as controls. Data were analyzed using Cox and logistic regression, respectively.
Results: In case-cohort study, the hazard ratio of COVID-19 among people living in rural areas, in smokers and those in middle socioeconomic status was, 0.37 (0.24, 0.58), 1.50 (1.07, 2.11), as compared to the reference groups. While the hazard ratio of people aged 46-64 and those ≥65 years old, as compared to the reference group within the first year, was 3.47 (1.76, 6.86) and 6.45 (2.80, 14.85), the corresponding value after one year was 2.23 (1.13, 4.40) and 3.52 (1.53, 8.10), respectively. The hazard ratio among those with at least one comorbidity was 2.45 (1.53, 3.92) in the first year of study and after one year decreased to 1.82 (1.14, 2.92). In addition, moderate and vigorous physical activity decreased the hazard ratio. In case-control study the odds ratio of hospitalization increased by 0.03% (1.03(1.01, 1.05)) with an increase of one year in age and in people with at least three comorbidities was 2.43 (1.24, 4.73) times of those without comorbidity.
Conclusion: Overall, one year after starting the study the decrease in hazard ratio of COVID-19 was significant. Increase in age and having comorbidities are factors that increased the odds ratio of hospitalization. Such people can be considered for the next waves of COVID-19 prioritized for health care and booster vaccination.
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted between 28th February, 2020 to 27th November, 2021. Data from the RaNCD study, morbidity and hospitalizations cases (extracted from the medical care monitoring system, SAMA system and the handwritten list of the health department) and positive serological results were used. For the case-cohort study, 626 confirmed and/or probable cases and 2107 randomly selected participants as sub-cohort were recruited. For the case-control study, 188 COVID-19 hospitalized patients from RaNCD (as cases) and 632 positive outpatients identified as controls. Data were analyzed using Cox and logistic regression, respectively.
Results: In case-cohort study, the hazard ratio of COVID-19 among people living in rural areas, in smokers and those in middle socioeconomic status was, 0.37 (0.24, 0.58), 1.50 (1.07, 2.11), as compared to the reference groups. While the hazard ratio of people aged 46-64 and those ≥65 years old, as compared to the reference group within the first year, was 3.47 (1.76, 6.86) and 6.45 (2.80, 14.85), the corresponding value after one year was 2.23 (1.13, 4.40) and 3.52 (1.53, 8.10), respectively. The hazard ratio among those with at least one comorbidity was 2.45 (1.53, 3.92) in the first year of study and after one year decreased to 1.82 (1.14, 2.92). In addition, moderate and vigorous physical activity decreased the hazard ratio. In case-control study the odds ratio of hospitalization increased by 0.03% (1.03(1.01, 1.05)) with an increase of one year in age and in people with at least three comorbidities was 2.43 (1.24, 4.73) times of those without comorbidity.
Conclusion: Overall, one year after starting the study the decrease in hazard ratio of COVID-19 was significant. Increase in age and having comorbidities are factors that increased the odds ratio of hospitalization. Such people can be considered for the next waves of COVID-19 prioritized for health care and booster vaccination.
Samaneh Dehghan Abnavi, Afshin Karami Varnamkhasti , Mostafa Roshanzadeh, Fatemeh Kazemi Najafabadi,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (8-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 3 (8-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Communication skills are considered as the most important feature required for health care workers and provide the basis for the development of professional ethics. Since working in the operating room requires team effort and establishing communication between team members, the importance of communication skills in operating room nurses is more visible. Therefore, in the present study was performed, with the aim of determining the effect of virtual training on the principles of professional ethics on communication skills of operating room staff of Ayatollah Kashani and Hajar hospitals of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a single-group plan before and after in 2020 was performed on 35 operating room staff of Kashani and Hajar teaching hospitals in Shahrekord who were selected by random sampling. Demographic information questionnaire and Queen Dam communication skills questionnaire were used to collect the data. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software using independent t test, Analysis of variance, paired t-test and ANOVA statistics.
Results: Paired t-test showed that the mean of communication skills after the intervention was significantly different from before (P<0.001). The mean of communication skills before the intervention was 65.85±24.52 and after the intervention was 139.77±5.70. No significant relationship was reported between communication skills and age, service history and number of working hours (P>.0.05). Also, there was no significant difference in the average of communication skills according to the variables of gender, marital status, field of study and degree (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The present study showed that professional ethics training was able to improve the communication skills of employees. Therefore, it seems necessary to compile virtual professional ethics training for health care providers and other groups providing health services who do not have enough time to participate in face-to-face classes. According to the results obtained, managers of health systems are recommended to use strategies such as holding workshops on the principles of professional ethics to develop communication skills in their employees.
Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a single-group plan before and after in 2020 was performed on 35 operating room staff of Kashani and Hajar teaching hospitals in Shahrekord who were selected by random sampling. Demographic information questionnaire and Queen Dam communication skills questionnaire were used to collect the data. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software using independent t test, Analysis of variance, paired t-test and ANOVA statistics.
Results: Paired t-test showed that the mean of communication skills after the intervention was significantly different from before (P<0.001). The mean of communication skills before the intervention was 65.85±24.52 and after the intervention was 139.77±5.70. No significant relationship was reported between communication skills and age, service history and number of working hours (P>.0.05). Also, there was no significant difference in the average of communication skills according to the variables of gender, marital status, field of study and degree (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The present study showed that professional ethics training was able to improve the communication skills of employees. Therefore, it seems necessary to compile virtual professional ethics training for health care providers and other groups providing health services who do not have enough time to participate in face-to-face classes. According to the results obtained, managers of health systems are recommended to use strategies such as holding workshops on the principles of professional ethics to develop communication skills in their employees.
Mohamad Jebraeily, Shima Touraj, Farid Khorrami,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (8-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 3 (8-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: In the health system, reimbursement methods are an important criterion for the allocation of resources and the performance of service providers. The use of diagnosis-related groups (DRG) system reduces the length of stay and additional costs of the patient, prevents unnecessary treatment, increases resource efficiency and transparency of health care services. The development of the DRG system focuses on the accurate documentation of medical records and the correct coding of diagnoses and procedures. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the documentation and coding requirements of medical records in the implementation of a payment system based on diagnosis-related groups in Iran.
Materials and Methods: This research was descriptive-cross-sectional and was conducted in 2022. The data collection tool was a researcher-made checklist, the validity of which was confirmed based on the opinion of experts (health information management health economics) and its reliability was obtained by calculating Cronbach’s alpha (0.83). The research population consisted of 418 medical records in five medical training centers affiliated to Urmia University of Medical Sciences, which were selected through stratified-proportional sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Results: The results of the evaluation of the documentation and coding requirements of medical records for the implementation of the DRG system showed that the demographic/administrative variables including age, sex, type of admission, length of stay, health insurance, and doctor’s expertise were completely recorded. Evaluation of clinical variables also showed that the main diagnosis, main procedure, secondary diagnosis and other procedures were documented in medical records in 98%, 97%, 88% and 75% respectively. Regarding the coding of the main diagnosis and the main procedure, 100%, secondary diagnosis 68% and other procedures 80% have been done.
Conclusion: Considering that some essential clinical variables for the implementation of DRG, especially co-morbidities, complications and other procedures are not recorded separately and completely, therefore it is necessary to define separate information elements in medical records and HIS for accurate recording of these variables and proper interaction between coders and doctors is established to increase the possibility of correct coding. It is also suggested that the DRG system be implemented in our country in a phased and gradual approach so that necessary changes are made in the documentation process and hospital information systems.
Materials and Methods: This research was descriptive-cross-sectional and was conducted in 2022. The data collection tool was a researcher-made checklist, the validity of which was confirmed based on the opinion of experts (health information management health economics) and its reliability was obtained by calculating Cronbach’s alpha (0.83). The research population consisted of 418 medical records in five medical training centers affiliated to Urmia University of Medical Sciences, which were selected through stratified-proportional sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Results: The results of the evaluation of the documentation and coding requirements of medical records for the implementation of the DRG system showed that the demographic/administrative variables including age, sex, type of admission, length of stay, health insurance, and doctor’s expertise were completely recorded. Evaluation of clinical variables also showed that the main diagnosis, main procedure, secondary diagnosis and other procedures were documented in medical records in 98%, 97%, 88% and 75% respectively. Regarding the coding of the main diagnosis and the main procedure, 100%, secondary diagnosis 68% and other procedures 80% have been done.
Conclusion: Considering that some essential clinical variables for the implementation of DRG, especially co-morbidities, complications and other procedures are not recorded separately and completely, therefore it is necessary to define separate information elements in medical records and HIS for accurate recording of these variables and proper interaction between coders and doctors is established to increase the possibility of correct coding. It is also suggested that the DRG system be implemented in our country in a phased and gradual approach so that necessary changes are made in the documentation process and hospital information systems.
Maryam Bahrami, Somayeh Mohammadi, Mostafa Roshanzadeh, Samaneh Dehghan Abnavi, Ali Taj, Fatemeh Maraki,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (10-2023)
Volume 17, Issue 4 (10-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Operating room students have experienced anxiety for various reasons that affect their educational process such as stitching. Due to the effective role of simulation in improving the education of students, this study was conducted with the aim of the effect of animal skin suturing simulation on the skill level and anxiety level of operating room students.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 people (75%) of the samples were aged 18-25 and 10 people (25%) of them were 26-35. 10 people (25%) were men and 30 people (75%) were women. Also, in terms of marriage, 7 people (17.5%) were married and 33 people (82.5%) were single. The present quasi-experimental study was performed with a two-group plan before and after with 40 operating room students of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences (Shahrekord, Broujen) in 2020. The samples were randomly assigned to two test and control groups using the method based on the purpose of selection. Data were collected before and after the intervention by Spielberger Anxiety Tool and Suturing Skills Questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS software and descriptive and analytical statistical tests (Chi-square test, t-test, paired t-test).
Results: The t-test test showed that the mean of obvious anxiety in the intervention group (36.35±10.22) and the control group (41.15±7.92) after the intervention was not significant (P=0.346). Also, the mean hidden anxiety in the intervention group (36.65±10.47) and the control group (38.65±6.13) had no significant difference (P=0.089). The t-test test showed that there was a significant difference in sewing skills after the intervention in the two intervention groups (28.2±58.22) and the control group (23.42±3.12) (P=0.04).
Conclusion: The texture of suture mannequins is very different from human skin in terms of consistency, and it does not convey the same feeling of sutures on natural skin to students. On the other hand, it is easier to enter and exit and move the needle and thread in the sheepskin, and this provides the students with the possibility of stitching more easily. Therefore, it is suggested to buy and prepare sheep skin for training students and teach them stitches on it.
Reza Dehkhodaei, Mazyar Karamali, Mohammad Mohammadian, Mohammadkarim Bahadori, Mohsen Abbasifarajzadeh,
Volume 17, Issue 6 (2-2024)
Volume 17, Issue 6 (2-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Considering the importance of knowledge management in the current era and the emphasis on the implementation of knowledge management in the health system in the knowledge management system of the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education, and since it is one of the first steps in the implementation of knowledge management, Drawing the knowledge tree of the organization, the purpose of the current research is to review the process of publishing the knowledge tree and examine it in the field of health.
Materials and Methods: The current research is a type of applied and descriptive review study that was carried out with the method of scientometrics and co-occurrence analysis of keywords. For this purpose, the term “Knowledge tree” OR “knowledge trees” was searched in Scopus reference database. For data analysis, the analyzes provided by the database itself were used, and VOSviewer software was used to visualize the data.
Results: The growth of scientific productions related to the field of the tree of knowledge in general in the mentioned base has started since 1979 and has had a growing trend until 2023. In the field of knowledge tree, among the authors Yang, Y, among the organizations, machine intelligence institute, iona college, and among the countries, China, America, and England have been at the top of the most productive in this field. Among the subjects, the most related articles are primarily related to the field of computer science (32.2 percent) and then to the field of engineering (22.1 percent) and mathematics (10.1 percent), which is significant. that medicine is in the sixth place and this is a sign of the weakness of producing resources in this field and the clustering resulting from the co-occurrence of keywords led to the identification of five clusters respectively with the titles of data mining and information processing, artificial intelligence and expert systems. , knowledge structure and decision support systems, semantics and knowledge representation, and finally learning and teaching systems.
Conclusion: The study of the thematic structure of scientific productions in the field of Knowledge Tree showed that the field of health has a weakness in the production of resources in this field. Therefore, it is necessary for future researches to pay special attention to the development and explanation of this concept and modeling its drawing, especially in the health system, in order to identify and prevent diseases.
Shahnaz Khademizadeh, Bahram Peymannia, Fatemeh Rafieinasab,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (3-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 1 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The term “information behavior,” with an emphasis on health and hygiene, refers to purposeful actions taken to satisfy informational needs related to health. The objective of the current research is to develop and validate a questionnaire on information behavior, with a focus on health and hygiene information.
Materials and Methods: This study was a quantitative research conducted with a tool design approach. Initially, a questionnaire for measuring this behavior was prepared using instrument design methods. The basis for extracting the factors of the present questionnaire has been argumentation and logical repetition. In other words, the researcher, in line with the background of these factors and their repetition in the sources, used them as influential factors in the questionnaire construction. After confirming the content and structural validity, the modified questionnaire was distributed among 238 patients with multiple sclerosis. The sample selection.
was done using the available sampling method. Then, the data were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The internal consistency of the data was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods with the help of SPSS and AMOS software.
Results: The content validity of the questionnaire was evaluated with the opinion of 20 experts in information behavior. The reliability of the health information behavior questionnaire was adequate and satisfactory with the overall Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.78 and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the components between 0.71 and 0.94. In order to factor analysis, the sampling adequacy index and the value of Bartlett’s Crowley test were calculated, and all 29 items were statistically significant; which confirms the factorization of the correlation matrix. In the exploratory factor analysis, five factors (avoidance of information), the second factor (need for information), the third factor (exposure to information), the fourth factor (seeking information), and the fifth factor (use of information) were obtained. The indicators of confirmatory factor analysis showed the validity of the proposed structure. The results of the structural equation model test showed that the fit indices were favorable and also indicated the fit of the presented model in the MS patient population.
Conclusion: The obtained results demonstrated that health information behavior in this questionnaire encompasses five factors: information needs, information-seeking behavior, information avoidance, information use, and information confrontation, which were confirmed. The designed scale for assessing health information behavior in the Iranian community has been evaluated and is recommended for use in measuring health information behavior effectively.
Hanie Pooshideh, Jalal Jafarzade, Ali Heidarpour, Mojtaba Taghizade Armaki, Saeid Mahdavi Omran, P.h.d Firoozeh Kermani, Mohsen Karami,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Cockroaches are potential carriers of a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms (fungi, bacteria and parasites). Considering the importance of these insects in the transmission of pathogenic fungi and their impact on the health of hospitalized people, the aim of this study was isolation and molecular identification of pathogenic fungi from the external and internal surfaces of cockroaches collected from three educational hospitals of Babol city, Mazandaran Province, Iran.
Materials and Methods: Cockroaches were caught by a sterile manual method and after washing to remove surface contamination with 70% ethyl alcohol for 2min, 100 µL of the solutions from the external and internal parts of cockroaches were cultured on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar with 0.05% chloramphenicol and incubated at 30 °C for 3 weeks. The different yeast and filamentous colonies were distinguished using standard mycological methods. The PCR-RFLP method and the restriction enzymes Msp I and Bln I were used for the differentiation of Candida species, and the restriction enzyme Alw I for Aspergillus species.
Results: A total of 85 fungi species/genera were isolated from all 50 studied cockroaches, including German cockroaches 15 (30%), American cockroach 20 (40%) and brown 15 (30%), which included 52 isolates from external surfaces (61%) and 33 isolates from internal surfaces of cockroaches (39%). Of the total number of 49 filamentous fungi, Aspergillus fumigatus 16 (32.65%) and out of the total number of 36 yeasts identified, Candida albicans 14 (38.89%) were the most common fungi isolated in this study. Other filamentous fungi and yeasts isolated from cockroaches include Aspergillus niger 11 (22.45%), Aspergillus flavus 8 (16.32%), Penicillium 4 (8.2%), Rhizopus 3 (6.1%), Cladosporium 3 (6.1%), Mucor 2 (4%), Alternaria 2 (4%), Candida parapsilosis 6 (16.67%), Candida krusei 12 (33.33%), Candida glabrata 3 (8.33%), and Candida tropicalis 1 (2.78%) were isolated.
Conclusion: Considering the isolation of several fungal species from cockroaches and their importance in the possible mechanical transmission of common fungal infections in hospitals, these insects can be a source of continuous transmission of infection, if there is no regular preventive disinfection of the hospital environment.
Materials and Methods: Cockroaches were caught by a sterile manual method and after washing to remove surface contamination with 70% ethyl alcohol for 2min, 100 µL of the solutions from the external and internal parts of cockroaches were cultured on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar with 0.05% chloramphenicol and incubated at 30 °C for 3 weeks. The different yeast and filamentous colonies were distinguished using standard mycological methods. The PCR-RFLP method and the restriction enzymes Msp I and Bln I were used for the differentiation of Candida species, and the restriction enzyme Alw I for Aspergillus species.
Results: A total of 85 fungi species/genera were isolated from all 50 studied cockroaches, including German cockroaches 15 (30%), American cockroach 20 (40%) and brown 15 (30%), which included 52 isolates from external surfaces (61%) and 33 isolates from internal surfaces of cockroaches (39%). Of the total number of 49 filamentous fungi, Aspergillus fumigatus 16 (32.65%) and out of the total number of 36 yeasts identified, Candida albicans 14 (38.89%) were the most common fungi isolated in this study. Other filamentous fungi and yeasts isolated from cockroaches include Aspergillus niger 11 (22.45%), Aspergillus flavus 8 (16.32%), Penicillium 4 (8.2%), Rhizopus 3 (6.1%), Cladosporium 3 (6.1%), Mucor 2 (4%), Alternaria 2 (4%), Candida parapsilosis 6 (16.67%), Candida krusei 12 (33.33%), Candida glabrata 3 (8.33%), and Candida tropicalis 1 (2.78%) were isolated.
Conclusion: Considering the isolation of several fungal species from cockroaches and their importance in the possible mechanical transmission of common fungal infections in hospitals, these insects can be a source of continuous transmission of infection, if there is no regular preventive disinfection of the hospital environment.
Sedigheh Mohammadesmaeili, Nahid Ramzanghorbani, Shiba Kianmehr,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Passive smoking is known to have an impact on the respiratory system of infants and children. The aim of this study is to examine the positive effects of parental smoking cessation programs using nicotine replacement on quality of life in children with asthma at the Children's Medical Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study included 100 children aged 6-10 years with asthma who had their parents smoking in the Allergy Department of the Children's Medical Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. During the 2019-2021 period, this study was conducted using a census as the sampling method. Data were collected using standard questionnaires of the Child Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), standard versions of the Short Form (SF-12) and the St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). The two groups were compared using independent t-tests and paired t-tests, and Pearson's correlation coefficient was utilized to examine the correlation between the two questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.
Results: Children with asthma who had their parents quit smoking had a mean score lower than those who did not intervene. This indicates that the quality of life in children with asthma whose parents underwent nicotine replacement program improved significantly (P=0.03). Nicotine gum consumption can enhance certain aspects of health-related quality of life for both parents and children, as assessed by SF-12 and SGRQ, according to the results. Physical functioning (P=0.007) and school performance (P=0.002) were the two components most significantly affected.
Conclusion: The physical health and quality of life of parents are can affecte children with asthma, who face many challenges in meeting their daily needs. Smoking cessation using nicotine gum can improve the quality of life of parents and children. To maximize the effectiveness of parental smoking cessation information therapy programs for children with asthma, providing personalized support and advice to parents or caregivers, evidence-based treatments, and educating families on how to manage this disease in children seems essential.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study included 100 children aged 6-10 years with asthma who had their parents smoking in the Allergy Department of the Children's Medical Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. During the 2019-2021 period, this study was conducted using a census as the sampling method. Data were collected using standard questionnaires of the Child Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), standard versions of the Short Form (SF-12) and the St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). The two groups were compared using independent t-tests and paired t-tests, and Pearson's correlation coefficient was utilized to examine the correlation between the two questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.
Results: Children with asthma who had their parents quit smoking had a mean score lower than those who did not intervene. This indicates that the quality of life in children with asthma whose parents underwent nicotine replacement program improved significantly (P=0.03). Nicotine gum consumption can enhance certain aspects of health-related quality of life for both parents and children, as assessed by SF-12 and SGRQ, according to the results. Physical functioning (P=0.007) and school performance (P=0.002) were the two components most significantly affected.
Conclusion: The physical health and quality of life of parents are can affecte children with asthma, who face many challenges in meeting their daily needs. Smoking cessation using nicotine gum can improve the quality of life of parents and children. To maximize the effectiveness of parental smoking cessation information therapy programs for children with asthma, providing personalized support and advice to parents or caregivers, evidence-based treatments, and educating families on how to manage this disease in children seems essential.
Kourosh Abbasiyan, Mohammad Alimoradnori, Mohammad Bagher Karami,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Managers, as the main decision-makers in facing various internal and external organizational problems, play a significant and determining role in the success or even failure of an organization. If competent and experienced managers are positioned at the top of organizations, the success of these organizations in achieving their goals will be guaranteed and an organization can achieve maximum efficiency with minimal resources. The aim of this study was to design a model of managerial competencies for hospital managers.
Materials and Methods: This qualitative research was conducted from year 2020 to 2022. After reviewing studies related to the topic, the extracted competencies were given to 19 experts consisted of relevant academic faculty members and managers with experience in the healthcare system and hospitals. Eventually, a managerial competency model was formulated through the use of the Delphi method and expert panel discussions. Collected data were analyzed in Excel software.
Results: The developed model in this research for the concept of hospital managers’ competencies includes 33 managerial competencies of hospital managers in four main management functions (planning, organizing, leadership and control) and managerial roles, which starts from literature review and performing two Delphi steps and implementing two expert panel plans. In the competency of hospital managers model, the planning dimension consists 4 components, organizing consists 4 components, leadership consists 12 components, control consists 4 components, and managerial roles consists 9 components. Strategic thinking, which is a subset of planning, has the highest weight (0.495) and highest rank among other components, and continuous improvement, which is a subset of managerial roles, has the lowest weight (0.033) and lowest rank among other components.
Conclusion: This study proposes an exclusive and comprehensive model, utilizing practical techniques as a suitable solution for evaluating the managerial competencies of hospital managers. The proposed framework in this study can serve as a standard performance assessment tool for evaluating managers.
Materials and Methods: This qualitative research was conducted from year 2020 to 2022. After reviewing studies related to the topic, the extracted competencies were given to 19 experts consisted of relevant academic faculty members and managers with experience in the healthcare system and hospitals. Eventually, a managerial competency model was formulated through the use of the Delphi method and expert panel discussions. Collected data were analyzed in Excel software.
Results: The developed model in this research for the concept of hospital managers’ competencies includes 33 managerial competencies of hospital managers in four main management functions (planning, organizing, leadership and control) and managerial roles, which starts from literature review and performing two Delphi steps and implementing two expert panel plans. In the competency of hospital managers model, the planning dimension consists 4 components, organizing consists 4 components, leadership consists 12 components, control consists 4 components, and managerial roles consists 9 components. Strategic thinking, which is a subset of planning, has the highest weight (0.495) and highest rank among other components, and continuous improvement, which is a subset of managerial roles, has the lowest weight (0.033) and lowest rank among other components.
Conclusion: This study proposes an exclusive and comprehensive model, utilizing practical techniques as a suitable solution for evaluating the managerial competencies of hospital managers. The proposed framework in this study can serve as a standard performance assessment tool for evaluating managers.
Sara Hashemi, Shahla Faramarzi, Laya Rahmani Pirouz, Azita Yazdani,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Burn injury are one of the most common traumas worldwide and the sixth leading cause of death in Iran. The challenges related to the survival rate of burn patients, as well as the associated mortality cases, have led to advancements in the identification of risk factors. Early detection and recognition of these risk factors are essential, and the provision of predictive models can be beneficial. This research was conducted with the aim of reviewing the effectiveness of artificial intelligence in predicting survival in burn patients.
Materials and Methods: This study was a systematic review. A comprehensive search of Scopus, PubMed, IEEE, and Web of Science databases was conducted from inception to July 2023 following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Keywords and Mesh terms related to burn, artificial intelligence, survival and prediction were used in the search.
Results: Out of 3599 identified studies, only nine were included in the analysis. Based on the articles reviewed, the effective factors in predicting survival or mortality in burn patients were classified into four main categories: demographic, clinical, tests and co-morbidities. Some of the known effective factors in patient survival, which have been examined in over 40% of studies, include age, gender, total body surface area, inhalation injury, and type of burn. The results showed that in the studies reviewed, the volume of the smallest dataset used in the analyses was 92 samples. In contrast, the volume of the largest dataset used was reported to be 66,611 samples. Among these studies, 33% have indicated that artificial neural network algorithms and random forest show the best performance. The criteria used to evaluate the models in the retrieved studies are diverse.
Conclusion: The use of machine learning algorithms in predicting the survival of burn patients is promising. The results obtained from identified influential factors can assist data science researchers in the data understanding phase and can serve as a roadmap in collecting the initial dataset.
Materials and Methods: This study was a systematic review. A comprehensive search of Scopus, PubMed, IEEE, and Web of Science databases was conducted from inception to July 2023 following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Keywords and Mesh terms related to burn, artificial intelligence, survival and prediction were used in the search.
Results: Out of 3599 identified studies, only nine were included in the analysis. Based on the articles reviewed, the effective factors in predicting survival or mortality in burn patients were classified into four main categories: demographic, clinical, tests and co-morbidities. Some of the known effective factors in patient survival, which have been examined in over 40% of studies, include age, gender, total body surface area, inhalation injury, and type of burn. The results showed that in the studies reviewed, the volume of the smallest dataset used in the analyses was 92 samples. In contrast, the volume of the largest dataset used was reported to be 66,611 samples. Among these studies, 33% have indicated that artificial neural network algorithms and random forest show the best performance. The criteria used to evaluate the models in the retrieved studies are diverse.
Conclusion: The use of machine learning algorithms in predicting the survival of burn patients is promising. The results obtained from identified influential factors can assist data science researchers in the data understanding phase and can serve as a roadmap in collecting the initial dataset.
Mazyar Karamali, Azadeh Soleimaninejad, Peirhossein Kolivand, Reza Dehkhodaei,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Volume 18, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The Iranian Red Crescent Society (IRCS) is recognized as one of the ten most powerful national societies among the Red Cross and Red Crescent societies globally in responding to disasters and emergencies. The purpose of this study is to outline the research topics of the Iranian Red Crescent Society by analyzing its scientific outputs over the past years.
Materials and Methods: The research is of an applied type with a scientometric approach and bibliometric analysis, which uses event network visualization techniques and synonym analysis. The statistical population of the study included all research conducted by the Iranian Red Crescent Society and articles indexed in the Scopus database since the 1990s. The synonym analysis of research titles conducted in the organization and article abstract information and data visualization techniques were used with VOSviewer, NVIVO, WordCloud and iThoughts software.
Results: The trend of publishing research outputs has been upward. Analysis of outputs showed that Shiraz University of Medical Sciences had the highest output and the Gastroenterology and Liver Research Center and Isfahan University of Medical Sciences had the lowest output among the 10 most active institutions. Also, the Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal had the highest output, and among the topics related to outputs, the field of medicine was ranked first and the field of Multidisciplinary was ranked lowest. Among the frequently used words, “human” was ranked first. Identifying and drawing a map of research issues for this organization showed that the problem-oriented research topics of the Red Crescent Society were categorized into nine main areas, among which relief and rescue was ranked first with 21.4% and technology and innovation was ranked lowest with 4.6%.
Conclusion: The study of the scientific and research outputs of the Iranian Red Crescent indicates the breadth and diversity of research issues in the subject areas raised. The status of research conducted in the map of Iranian Red Crescent issues by comparing the keywords showed that the research performance of this organization is higher in the fields of health services, relief and rescue, and education. Given the breadth of issues commensurate with its missions, it needs balanced growth in research and knowledge production in other areas.
Materials and Methods: The research is of an applied type with a scientometric approach and bibliometric analysis, which uses event network visualization techniques and synonym analysis. The statistical population of the study included all research conducted by the Iranian Red Crescent Society and articles indexed in the Scopus database since the 1990s. The synonym analysis of research titles conducted in the organization and article abstract information and data visualization techniques were used with VOSviewer, NVIVO, WordCloud and iThoughts software.
Results: The trend of publishing research outputs has been upward. Analysis of outputs showed that Shiraz University of Medical Sciences had the highest output and the Gastroenterology and Liver Research Center and Isfahan University of Medical Sciences had the lowest output among the 10 most active institutions. Also, the Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal had the highest output, and among the topics related to outputs, the field of medicine was ranked first and the field of Multidisciplinary was ranked lowest. Among the frequently used words, “human” was ranked first. Identifying and drawing a map of research issues for this organization showed that the problem-oriented research topics of the Red Crescent Society were categorized into nine main areas, among which relief and rescue was ranked first with 21.4% and technology and innovation was ranked lowest with 4.6%.
Conclusion: The study of the scientific and research outputs of the Iranian Red Crescent indicates the breadth and diversity of research issues in the subject areas raised. The status of research conducted in the map of Iranian Red Crescent issues by comparing the keywords showed that the research performance of this organization is higher in the fields of health services, relief and rescue, and education. Given the breadth of issues commensurate with its missions, it needs balanced growth in research and knowledge production in other areas.
Akram Hemmatipour, Fatemh Karimi, Azam Jahangirimehr, Elham Abdolahi Shahvali, Mehdi Makvand,
Volume 18, Issue 6 (2-2025)
Volume 18, Issue 6 (2-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the most important medical problems in the whole world is chronic pain, which affects millions of people every year and they are not provided with proper treatment. Research shows that one of the consequences of chronic pain is emotional reactions such as anxiety, depression, and stress that occur due to the long-term effects of pain. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the mental health and pain intensity level of patients with chronic pain.
Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 126 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain and having entry and exit criteria from physiotherapy centers under the supervision of Shoushtar Medical Sciences Faculty were randomly divided into two groups of 63 intervention and control. The intervention group received the intervention based on cognitive behavioral therapy for three months and 12 educational sessions. The patients of both groups completed the data collection tool, which included the numerical pain questionnaire (VAS) and the stress, anxiety and depression level questionnaire DASS21, before the intervention and one week after the completion of the educational intervention. To analyze the data, descriptive and parametric tests (paired t and independent t), Pearson correlation and covariance analysis were used using SPSS software.
Results: The average age of the participants was (46.12±27.16) years. The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy was associated with a significant reduction in stress, anxiety, and depression levels (P<0.001) only in the intervention group, and this reduction was seen in the levels of stress (P=0.032), anxiety (P=0.030), and depression (P=0.015) compared to the control group. A significant reduction in pain intensity was observed in both groups (P<0.001). However, this reduction in the intervention group was not statistically different from the control group (P>0.05). Also, there was no significant correlation between the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression and pain disability (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The findings of the present study emphasize the importance of using cognitive behavioral therapy in a group setting to treat stress, anxiety, depression, and pain intensity in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.
Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 126 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain and having entry and exit criteria from physiotherapy centers under the supervision of Shoushtar Medical Sciences Faculty were randomly divided into two groups of 63 intervention and control. The intervention group received the intervention based on cognitive behavioral therapy for three months and 12 educational sessions. The patients of both groups completed the data collection tool, which included the numerical pain questionnaire (VAS) and the stress, anxiety and depression level questionnaire DASS21, before the intervention and one week after the completion of the educational intervention. To analyze the data, descriptive and parametric tests (paired t and independent t), Pearson correlation and covariance analysis were used using SPSS software.
Results: The average age of the participants was (46.12±27.16) years. The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy was associated with a significant reduction in stress, anxiety, and depression levels (P<0.001) only in the intervention group, and this reduction was seen in the levels of stress (P=0.032), anxiety (P=0.030), and depression (P=0.015) compared to the control group. A significant reduction in pain intensity was observed in both groups (P<0.001). However, this reduction in the intervention group was not statistically different from the control group (P>0.05). Also, there was no significant correlation between the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression and pain disability (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The findings of the present study emphasize the importance of using cognitive behavioral therapy in a group setting to treat stress, anxiety, depression, and pain intensity in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.
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