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Evaluation Of BIBR1532 And ATRA Combination In NB4 Cell Line
Mohammad Sabbaghi , Ahmad Kazemi , Saeed Hassani, Kamran Alimoghaddam, Ardeshir Ghavamzadeh, Seyed Hamidollah Ghaffari ,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (11-2014)
Abstract

Background and Aim: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a distinct type of leukemia which is caused due to a blockage in myeloid cells normal maturation. The most important therapeutic strategies include the use of ATRA and Arsenic trioxide. Although ATRA is generally well tolerated, some patients develop Retinoic acid syndrome. Some of the symptoms of this syndrome are directly or indirectly related to elevated WBC counts. This study aims to determine the effect of ATRA and BIBR1532 combination on WBC count as a factor leading to the formation of ATRA syndrome.

Materials and Methods: To investigate the effect of BIBR1532 and ATRA combination, NB4 cells were cultured in the presence of 30μ M and 1 μM densities of the drugs. To study the effect of drugs on living cells count, proliferation activity, and metabolic activity of the cells, Trypan blue, Brdu and MTT tests were used, respectively.

Results: The results of Trypan blue, MTT and Brdu suggest that the combination of ATRA and BIBR1532 is more effective than ATRA alone on the reduction of viable cell count, metabolic activity and proliferation of leukemic cells in the first five days of treatment.

Conclusion: The results suggest that the combination of ATRA and BIBR1532 is probably more effective in the treatment of APL patients. It seems that such improvement in results is more obvious especially among the patients who are at a higher risk of ATRA syndrome. 


Effects of Hydrocortisone on Hemodynamic Changes by Atracurium for Intubation in Patients Under General Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Seyede Mahrokh Alinaghi-Maddah, Maryam Zahedi Tabarestani, Kazem Kazemnejad-Tabrizi, Samira Ghasemi, Fatemeh Mehravar,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Atracurium, as one of the neuromuscular relaxants, is one of the most important irritants of the allergic reaction during anesthesia, which causes the release of histamine. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of hydrocortisone on hemodynamic changes resulting from atracurium drug in patients with upper limb fractures under general anesthesia.
Materials and Methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial study, 50 patients with upper limb fractures under general anesthesia, 18 to 60 years old with ASA class 1 and 2, were randomly assigned to two groups of hydrocortisone and placebo (distilled water). In intervention group, 30 minutes before entering the operating room, vial oxycort (hydrocortisone) was administered intravenously and bolus with 300 ml of normal saline. Hemodynamic changes in patients before administration of hydrocortisone, 30 minute after administration, 5 minutes after the peak effect of atracurium (before intubation) and after extubation were recorded in the relevant checklist and comparisons were made between the two groups.
Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, gender and duration of surgery. Systolic blood pressure 5 minutes after the peak effect of atracurium (before intubation) in the control group was lower than the intervention group and this difference was statistically significant (P=0.02). Thirteen minute after hydrocortisone administration, mean blood pressure systolic and diastolic patients decreased and this decrease continued after administration of histamine release atracurium (before intubation); but after extubation, the patients’ mean blood pressure has increased. Also, after administration of atracurium, the mean heart rate of patients decreased by 14.44 units as compared to before administration of hydrocortisone and this decrease was significant (P=0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study show that hydrocortisone can be used as an effective factor in maintaining hemodynamic stability in patients under general anesthesia. However, its use as a factor in maintaining hemodynamics has not yet been widespread and needs further investigation.

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