Showing 15 results for Blood
Y Erfani, R Safdari, A Rasti , Mk Sharifi Yazdi , Sam Jahanmehr , H Yazdanbod , F Sadeghi ,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (12-2007)
Abstract
Background: Septicemia is a life threatening status and needs rapid antibiotic treatment. Enterobacteriacea are one of the most important causes of septicemia. So this study is therefore aimed to evaluate antibiotic susceptibility of enterobacteriacea isolates in blood cultures in Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Methods: This retrospective study was performed on 138 patients with positive blood culture in Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran in 2004, using disk diffusion and Macfarland standard.
Results: Prevalence of isolated enterobacteriacea was respectively E. coli (n=74, 53.6%), Klebsiella (n=37, 26.8%), Enterobacter (n=21, 15.2%), Citrobacter (n=4, 2.9%), Salmonella paratyphi (n=1, 0.7%) and Proteus mirabilis (n=1, 0.7%). The most antibiotic susceptibility among enterobacteriaceaes was ciprofloxacin (60.4%), cloramphenicol (56.8 %) and gentamycin (49.3%). The most antibiotic resistance were seen among cephalotine (78%), cotrimoxazole (62.3 %) and ceftriaxon (57.5 %).
Conclusions: Due to dissimilarity between antibiotic consumption in laboratories and hospitals, it seems that to reach more proper conclusions and choosing better strategy for antibiotic consumption, cooperation should be between laboratories and physicians, plus synergism between drug prescription and antibiotic discs in laboratories.
A Rasti , Y Erfani, H Yazdanbod,
Volume 3, Issue 3 (3-2010)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Acinetobacters are opportunistic pathogens and one of the important agents of nosocomial infections that causes many infections like septicemia and pneumonia. For resistance to antibiotics acinetobacters are mentioned as a healthcare system complications and are transmitted by the hands of healthcare workers. This research has performed in order to determine prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of isolated acinetobacters from blood cultures.
Material and methods: This study was performed during a nine months period in shariati hospital. All 750 positive blood cultures were distinguished and prevalence of acinetobacter and antibiotic susceptibility of isolated acinetobacters were determined using disk diffusion agar method. Data were analyzed using SPSS software .
Results: According to our findings,133 blood cultures were positive for acinetoloacters(17.7% of cases). The most observed cases were isolated from emergency ward of hospital (65.5%). Antibiogram results using ciprofloxacin ,cotrimoxasol,gentamicin, ceftazidime, amikacine, tobramicine and ceftriaxone, showed maximum sensitivity to ciprofloxacine(91%) and cotrimoxazole (57.5%) and maximum resistance to ceftriaxone respectively.
Discussion and Conclusion: Because the most acinetobacter isolation was from emergency ward of hospital, it seems that a part of such infections is more due to contamination than real infection. Therefore it is recommended that a prospective cohort study considering standard and sterile conditions during sampling , by considering patients clinical features has to be performed.
M Abbaszadeh , F Mehrany , Sh Ahmadi , E Jazayeri Gharebagh ,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (9-2010)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Females were reported to have significantly lower hematocrit (Hct), which might be the cause of increased need for blood transfusion. The goal of this study is to determine risk factors affecting blood transfusion in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft procedure related to gender
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional review of 500 (306 males and 194 females) ASA physical status I or Il patients undergoing bypass procedures with saphenous vein graft performed over a one year period were included in this study. The conducting of anesthesia was standardized. For each patient, we recorded the gender, age, body weight, height, body surface area (BSA), and duration of surgery. Hematocrit levels prior to surgery and the end of surgery were recorded. Packed red blood cell (PRBC) administration and use of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and platelets were noted. Differences between the data for female and male patients were evaluated using Student's t-test, Chi-square test and using regression analysis.
Results: Approximately 57.2 % (111) female and only 39.9% (121) male patients received PRBCs. On average, females received 1. 6 units of PRBCs intraoperatively and 2. 6 units of PRBCs during the entire hospital stay, while the males received 1.1 units and 1.8 units for similar periods (P=0.0001). When females and males were compared within the same subgroups for age, body surface area (BSA), duration of surgery, and preoperative Hct, etc. ...had a significant correlation with age, postoperative Hct and BSA in females but had a significant correlation with preoperative Hct, preoperative PRBC and duration of surgery in males (P<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the probability of a patient receiving or not receiving PRBC transfusion is significantly influenced by preoperative Hct, postoperative Hct, duration of surgery, preoperative PRBC mass, and gender.
Discussion and Conclusion: Gender is an independent essential determinant of blood transfusion in CABG patients, and may interact with BSA, preoperative Hct, duration of surgery and other factors in determining the probability of transfusion.
Fakhredin Saba, Mahbobeh Bohloli, Saeed Kaviani, Zahra Zonoubi, Fatemeh Sayyadipoor, Abbas Hajifathali,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (11-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Vaginal delivery and cesarean are two different methods of delivery. These two different conditions could affect the number and types of predominant white blood cells of mothers. This study is aim to assess and determine the number and types of white blood cells of mothers according to vaginal and elective cesarean.
Materials and Methods: That induced among pregnant women referred to Malayer hospital in Iran between 2011-2012. 30 pregnant women with vaginal, and 30 women with elective cesarean were selected as sample size simultaneously. The blood specimen of pregnant women was analysed by cell counter, sysmex model KX-21 before and after delivery. The data was analysed by SPSS Software using descriptive tests, analysis of variance, and multivariance analysis along with P< 0.05 as a significant level.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant correlation between increase of white blood cells count of two groups. The average of segmented Neutrophils of vaginal delivery group was significant increased in comparison with selective cesarean women.
Conclusion: Stress and physical pressure in vaginal delivery could affect the increase of white blood cells in comparison with cesarean delivery. Although, there is no evidence to approve the impression increased of predominant white blood cells on delivered mother and newborn at birth.
Abdolreza Mohamadnia, Shirin Karimi, Reza Yadegar Azari , Seyed Alireza Naji, Adnan Khosravi, Naghmeh Bahrami, Massoud Saidijam,
Volume 9, Issue 5 (2-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Lung cancer is the most common cancer among men around the world. The aim of this study was to determine the expression levels of CK19 mRNA marker in the affected patients’ peripheral blood.
Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with lung cancer (NSCLC type) were compared with 30 healthy controls. After taking peripheral blood samples and extracting total RNA, cDNA was synthesized and examined by Real-time RT-PCR technique. Then, the CEA antigen was measured by ELISA.
Results: The CK19mRNA was positive in 7 out of 30 lung cancer patients. Hence, its sensitivity was determined to be 23.3 %. The serum level of CEA antigen was positive in 11 out of 30 lung cancer patients. The mean serum level of CEA antigen markers was higher in patients than in controls; the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.001). The sensitivity of this test was determined to be 36.6 %.
Conclusion: This study showed that the sensitivity of CK19 mRNA in peripheral blood was low, but it had a high specificity for the diagnosis of primary lung cancer. Also, it was found that CEA antigen could be the specific marker for the early detection of lung cancer in patients’ peripheral blood.
Mehr Angiz Kaviany, Behnaz Gharegozlou, Mozhgan Oshaghi, Maryam Sharifzade, Masoumeh Arabshahi,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (9-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder, in which either there is no sufficient insulin in the body or the available insulin is not capable of acting properly. Defining the effects of trace elements can help to make use of these elements in control or preventing diabetes.
Materials and Methods: Forty-eight Wistar male rats were equally divided into eight groups. Three different control groups and five test groups. Test groups was treated with streptozotocin (60 mg/kg intraperitonieal) to induce diabetes, then supplemented with specific trace elements: Zinc, Chromium, Magnesium, Manganese and Copper. After one week, glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol levels in serum of all groups were assayed with routine methods. Then mentioned trace elements were gavaged to each groups with proper dosages. Gavage was performed during 3 weeks, then the blood tests were repeated. Median values were taken, the results were analyzed by SPSS software and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Levels of glucose in the serum of experimental group were found to be significantly higher than in the control group (p=0.0009). Oral administration of trace elements for 23 days exhibited a significant reduction of serum glucose (P=0.0009) and cholesterol level (p=0.019) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats but not in control groups.
Conclusion: The present study indicated that treatment of diabetic rats with some trace elements to attenuate hyperglycemia until reaching the normal range. Between different trace elements which were used, Cr is suggested for its great ability in decreasing the glucose, cholesterol with no effect on triglyceride levels as compared with normal rats.
Marzieh Tajedini, Mohammad Ali Sadighi Gilani, Tahere Heydari, Kolsoom Choobineh, Hamid Choobineh,
Volume 10, Issue 6 (3-2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Infertility is a major problem of modern medicine as it affects almost 20% of reproductive-aged couples. The cause of this problem is attributed to the male partner in nearly 40%-50% of these cases. The role of herpes simplex virus (HSV) in male infertility has been investigated using the sensitive methods. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HSV-1, 2 DNA in the semen, blood and urine of idiopathic infertile men and its association with altered semen parameters.
Materials and Methods: A total of 150 semen, blood and urine samples from infertile men were collected in the Shariati hospital, Tehran (2012-2014). Sample analysis and diagnostic PCR using specific primers was performed for detection of HSV-1, 2 DNA in the specimens.
Results: Analysis showed six groups of infertile men, including HSV-1, 2 positive and negative groups in semen, blood and urine samples. HSV-1, 2 DNA was detected in 38 (18.66%) semens, (6.66%) 10 in blood and 2 (1.33%) in urine. Only HSV-1, 2 positive samples of semen had abnormal semen parameters.
Conclusion: Using a powerful molecular method, we detected a high prevalence of HSV-1, 2 DNA in the semen of asymptomatic infertile patients. Although HSV-1, 2 infections were not associated with motility and morphology defects of the sperms, it was related with decreased sperm count in the semen fluid. In addition there was not a significant role for detection of HSV-1, 2 DNA in blood and urine samples of infertile men and abnormal semen parameters.
Mahan Mohammadi, Fatemeh Rahi, Marzieh Javadi, Golrokh Atighechian, Alireza Jabbari ,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (7-2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Almost one out of 10 patients who are admitted in hospitals experience “never events” while researches show that about half of these harms are preventable through the utilization of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA). This study aims to identify and evaluate the risks of care processes in three wards of Alzahra University Hospital of Isfahan and suggest some interventions for reducing these risks.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, which identified high-risk processes using FMEA in respiratory, gastroenterology and rheumatologic wards of Alzahra Hospital during the years 2014-2015. The study population comprised clinical staff members who worked in these three wards and were familiar with clinical care processes. The focus group team was selected through purposive sampling method. Finally, the information was gathered in standard FMEA work sheets and analyzed with SPSS software.
Results: A total of 72 clinical care processes were identified, and the 73.5% of the focus group members rated "blood and its products transfusion process" as the most risky care process. The step "checking the incompatible of patient's information and blood lable and its products" was the most dangerous step (with PRN = 300). The findings showed that human and equipment failures were the main reasons of facing the “never events” in these wards.
Conclusion: Risk management tells us that the efficiency and quality of care can be promoted by preventing errors through human resource training and proper maintenance of medical equipment.
Zeinab Sadat Mousavi, Farshad Ghazalian, Mandana Gholami, Hossein Abed Natanzi, Khosrow Ebrahim,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Inactivity increases the risk of chronic diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the acute changes in Normetanephrine and glucose in boxing with Kinect Xbox with and without blood flow restriction as an alternative to aerobic exercise during quarantine in young non-athletes.
Material and Methods: Fourteen healthy non-athlete individuals with a range of 20 to 40 years of age were randomly and purposefully selected. And on two different days with and without restriction of blood flow, they played boxing with Xbox 360 for 20 minutes. Blood samples were taken before and immediately after
Results: There was a significant increase in serum Normetanephrine playing compared to before the test in both training groups, but the amount of changes between the two groups with and without blood flow restriction was not significant (P≤0.05). Exergames, in the case of unrestricted blood flow, has a significant effect on glucose, but the restriction of blood flow did not lead to a significant difference in the amount of glucose (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: Exergames provide the necessary stimulus for catecholamine secretion and glucose response, and it is recommended for people with limited blood flow. Further studies are needed on the effect of restricting blood flow as a new training method on video game with movement.
Ali Maleki, Marivan Noori, Rezvan Zomorodi, Fakhredin Saba,
Volume 16, Issue 5 (12-2022)
Abstract
Background and Ami: Identifying the genotype of blood groups in different communities will give the decision makers of the health system to take the necessary measures to prevent and identify the possible side effects of blood transfusion, including the production of alloantibodies. Duffy blood group has increased the possibility of alloantibody production in beta-thalassemia major patients who regularly need blood transfusion due to different types of genotype with different prevalence. However, no study has been conducted regarding the frequency of Duffy blood group distribution in beta-thalassemia Kurd patients dependent on blood transfusion.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 100 patients with beta thalassemia major, as case group and 50 healthy individuals, as control group, in Bostan Clinic, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. After collecting peripheral blood samples from people participating in the study, DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Then, using PCR-RFLP and electrophoresis, Duffy genotypes including FYA/A, FYB/B and FYA/B were identified.
Results: The results of Chi-square test showed that in the patient group, there is no statistically significant difference between the two genders in terms of the frequency of distribution of Duffy genotypes (P=0.588). On the other hand, in the healthy group too, there was no statistically significant difference between the two sexes in terms of the frequency of distribution of Duffy genotypes (P=0.707). According to nominal regression results, although the distribution ratio rate (95% confidence interval) of FYA/FYA and FYB/FYB genotypes as compared to FYA/FYB genotype (reference category) in the patient group as compared to healthy people was 2.42 (0.7 to 8.34) and 0.76 (0.36 to 1.64) respectively, but there was no statistically significant difference between the case and control groups in terms of the distribution frequency of these genotypes (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The frequency distribution of Duffy genotypes in beta-thalassemia major patients is similar to that of healthy people, and there is no relationship between the distribution of Duffy genotypes and beta-thalassemia disease. FYB genotype has the highest frequency in both case and control groups
Elaha Rasouli Jokar, Saeid Shamlou Kazemi, Homa Naderifar,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: High blood pressure and increased lipid profile are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. To improve cardiovascular health, lifestyle changes should be considered as a guide to reduce people’s inactivity and modify healthy eating patterns. Spirulina is a green alga and has been considered as a food supplement for the treatment of various diseases. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of spirulina supplement and eight weeks of combined exercises on blood pressure and lipid profile in women with high blood pressure.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted as a clinical trial in 40 women with high blood pressure (50-60 years old). People were included in the study in 4 intervention and control groups. The data were collected during two stages of pre-test and post-test in terms of changes in blood pressure and lipid profile. The supplement intervention group consumed 4.2 grams of spirulina supplement daily and had an exercise intervention of 8 weeks of combined aerobic and resistance exercises. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software (version 23), one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post hoc test at level 0.05.
Results: The results of ANOVA showed that there was a significant difference between systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and VLDL, after the test, in the study groups (P-value<0.05). The highest mean±standard deviation (SD) of systolic blood pressure (141.90±9.85), and total cholesterol (213.30±28.93), after the test, was observed in combined exercise group and the mean± SD of VLDL after the test (34.60±6.46) was observed in the control group. Also, the results of Tukey’s post hoc test showed that there was a significant difference between the mean blood pressure in the control groups-spirulina supplement, control-combined exercises, spirulina supplement-spirulina supplement and combined exercises, and combined exercises-spirulina supplement and combined exercises. Also, there was a significant difference between the mean of total cholesterol and VLDL in combined exercises-spirulina supplement, combined exercises, and control-spirulina supplement groups, respectively (P<0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that the use of spirulina supplement and eight weeks of combined exercises may have beneficial effects on blood pressure and lipid profile in women with high blood pressure.
Bizhan Hooshmand Moghadam, Shadi Moazami Goudarzi, Amir Rashid Lamir,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Adipokines imbalance causes pathological effects on this system. Exercise interventions can play an important role in regulating the secretion of adipokines. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of resistance training on the serum level of apelin, vaspin, and blood pressure in elderly men with hypertension.
Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 24 elderly men with high blood pressure were selected purposefully and based on the inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to resistance training (N=12) and control (N=12) groups. The participants of the resistance training group performed resistance training for 12 weeks and three days a week. At the beginning and end of the study, blood samples were collected to measure the serum level of apelin and vaspin. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 24 software with dependent and independent t-tests at a significant level of less than 0.05.
Results: After 12 weeks of resistance training, there was a significant decrease in the serum level of apelin (P=0.002), vaspin (P=0.01), systolic blood pressure (P<0.001), and diastolic blood pressure (P<0.001) as compared to the pre-test. In addition, a significant difference was observed between the two experimental and control groups in the serum level of apelin (p=0.001), vaspin (P=0.001), systolic blood pressure (P<0.001), and diastolic blood pressure (P<0.001).
Conclusion: It seems 12 weeks of resistance training can improve systolic and diastolic blood pressure and regulate the secretion of adipokines apelin and vaspin in elderly men with high blood pressure.
Saeed Pirmoradi,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (11-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the ways to control high blood pressure is to deactivate the renin-angiotensinogen-aldosterone RAAS system. Renin, also known as angiotensinogenase,It is a type of enzyme that is produced in the afferent arterioles of the kidney by special cells called juxtaglomerular cells and secreted into the bloodstream and converts angiotensinogen protein into angiotensin type 1, which is very effective in causing high blood pressure. Inhibition of renin as the rate-limiting step of this cycle is an effective way to stop it, which plays a role in the treatment of some diseases related to the heart and blood vessels and blood pressure. The purpose of this study is to use new and different methods based on software to discover newer medicinal compounds with less side effects and cost and in a shorter time to discover based on a reference drug for the treatment and control of blood pressure disease.
Materials and Methods: By selecting the inhibitory reference compound of renin enzyme by bioinformatics tools such as PHARMIT, ZINCPHARMER during virtual search through the structural and pharmacophoretic properties of the reference inhibitory compound, a number of new ligands were obtained. Then the docking process was performed and the selected top ligands in terms of toxicity, allergy, toxicity and ADME prediction were examined with the help of tools such as molsoft, PKCSM, way2drug and swiss ADME.
Results: Among the four final top ligands obtained, one of the ligands had the most interaction with different residues and with a higher docking binding energy (vina score=-9.7) than the others, and then the other two ligands had a favorable binding energy.Among the effective interacting residues, Asp215, Asp32 and Leu114 were bound to renin enzyme in superior ligands, such as the reference compound.
Conclusion: In general, the selected inhibitory ligands showed a good ability to interact with residues involved in substrate selectivity and catalytic activity and inhibition of renin enzyme activity according to the analysis of bioinformatics tools and their confirmation requires clinical studies.
Mahdieh Jafari, Majid Razavi, Sepideh Fanaei Nookar, Mehryar Taghavi Gilani,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Hypertension is one of the most common comorbidities in cataract surgery and severe hypertension sometimes cause surgery to be postponed. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between preoperative hypertension and intraoperative hemodynamic changes and postoperative early cardiovascular and cerebral complications on cataract surgery.
Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 160 patients with cataract surgery in Mashhad Khatam-al-anbia hospital. Before induction, the patients were divided into three groups by blood pressure measurement: normotensive (blood pressure <140/90) 100 patients, hypertensive (blood pressure 140/90 to 180/110) 30 patients and hypertensive crisis (blood pressure>180/110) 30 patients. Blood pressure and heart rate were assessed before entering to operating room, before induction and every 5 minutes to the end of surgery, after recovery and ward transfer. Cardiovascular and neurological complications were assessed 24 hours after surgery. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. P<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: There was no significant difference between patients for demographic and preoperative hemodynamic parameters. Preinduction, the blood pressure increased compared to the ward, which was more significant in the hypertensive and hypertensive crisis groups (P=0.001). After induction, systolic blood pressure reduced which was more significant in the hypertensive crisis group than two other groups (P=0.001). The heart rate increased after transferring to the operation room and returned to normal after induction of anesthesia, but in three groups were not statistically significant (P=0.25). Systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg during the surgery, and also cardiovascular and nervous complications up to 24 hours were not significantly different in three groups (P=0.75 and P=0.08, respectively).
Conclusion: Blood pressure instability was more common in patients with hypertension crisis, but no early or debilitating complications were observed. Primary hemodynamic changes were rapidly reduced and controlled by induction of anesthesia. According to the findings, preinduction blood pressure alone is not sufficient to cancellation of cataract surgery.
Keivan Keramati, Sina Adib, Mahmood Ahmadi Hamedani, Leila Mohammadnejad Nasrabadi,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (7-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: BronchoT.D is an Iranian herbal drug manufactured for human consumption and has anti-cough and expectorant properties. Isoproterenol is a non selective agonist of beta-adrenergic receptors that although has been used as a drug in cases such as bradycardia, but based on the results of some studies, it has been determined that isoproterenol can also lead to tissue damage and hematological changes. The aim of this research was hematological evaluation of the interaction of BronchoT.D® with isoproterenol.
Materials and Methods: This was an experimental study. Eighteen male wistar rat were used in 3 experimental groups (each group 6 rats) including control, recipient of isoproterenol and normal saline and recipient of isoproterenol and BronchoT.D. There was no intervention in the control group. Isoproterenol was administered via twice injection and normal saline and BronchoT.D were administered five times orally. Finally, blood was collected from the rats and White Blood Cells (WBC), Red Blood Cells (RBC), Hematocrit (Hct), Hemoglobin (Hgb), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) and Platelets (Plt) were measured. Statistical analysis of data was performed through one-way analysis of variance using SPSS software.
Results: In terms of WBC, the difference between the experimental groups was not significant. The isoproterenol and normal saline receiving group had a significant increase in terms of RBC, Hct, Hgb and Plt as compared to the control group. The difference between the isoproterenol and BronchoT.D receiving group was not significant in terms of RBC, Hct and Plt as compared to the control group. In terms of Hgb and MCHC, the isoproterenol and BronchoT.D receiving group had a significant increase as compared to the control group. In term of MCV, the difference between experimental groups was not significant. The isoproterenol and normal saline receiving group did not differ significantly in comparison with the control group in term of MCHC.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that BronchoT.D not only prevents some hematological changes caused by isoproterenol, such as an increasing of RBC and plt, but can also increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood through a significant increase in Hgb and MCHC. BronchoT.D probably causes such effects by counteracting oxidative stress or by directly affecting the bone marrow, although additional researches are necessary to investigate such probablities.
