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Showing 7 results for Computer
Attitude of Inpatients about Information Technologies
F Sadooqi, M Ahmadi, M.r Gohari, F Rangraz Jeddi,
Volume 3, Issue 3 (3-2010)
Abstract

Background and Aim: Information Technologies (ITs) has become a significant resource for dissemination of information and resulted to an increase of health knowledge in communities. With attention to patient - centered approach this study was done to determine knowledge of inpatients about ITs.

Materials and Methods: A descriptive - cross-sectional study was done on 461 inpatient in Kashan University of Medical Sciences hospital's with a reliable (spearman Brown, r =0.83) and valid (face and content) questionnaire in two section, demographic information and study objects. Data gathering was done with interview then analyzed by SPSS and descriptive analysis.

Results: %42.1 and %26.7 of participants had knowledge about computer and the Internet relatively. %41.9 of them had the Internet access. 86.3% and 88.3% relatively would be interested to access and get medical records and their information. They intended to get test (%85.7), refill her/his prescription (79%), get appointment (%76.4), consult with physicians (%80), and get information about diets (80%) through ITs.

Discussion  and Conclusion: It seems ITs attitude in inpatients is relatively good. Providing their information needs especially about prescription order and diets from CD or the Internet by hospital sites and introducing good medical sites to patient were recommended.


Opinions of clinicians towards use of computer applications for detecting drug-food interactions
As Gharamaleki, A Ahmadi, F Faraji Khiavi, Sh Arpanahi Istadegi, K Jafarian,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (6-2011)
Abstract

Background and Aim: Adverse events in hospitals are found to be a major problem of all health systems in the world. In fact, drug interaction side effects are now the fourth leading cause of death in the U.S. The aim of the current study was to identify the opinions of clinicians working in Shariati and Emam hospitals towards the use of computer applications for detecting drug-food interactions.

Materials and Methods: Ninety clinicians including physicians, pharmacists and nurses were selected randomly in the current descriptive- analytical study. The opinions of clinicians toward using computer application systems for detecting drug-food interactions were assessed by a questionnaire. The questionnaire's validity and repeatability was examined in a pilot study. Cronbach's alpha was 0.85 which indicated an acceptable level of repeatability of the questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed among the academic staffs in order to determine its validity.

Results: 95.4% of clinicians had positive attitudes towards the requirement of computer application to detect drug-food interactions. Around 94% of them showed their willingness towards using the computer application systems. Therefore, use of computer application seems to be necessary in health system.

Conclusions: The collection and analysis of data encourages further investments in computerized system to prevent drug-food interaction. Such built-in warning systems in hospitals alert doctors to drug-food interaction and improvement in patient care. Screening each patient's medication plan for drug-food interactions can reduce medical error and improve the quality of health care


Contamination Of Computer Keyboards In Various Wards Of Vali-e Asr Teaching Hospital In Birjand, Iran
Mohammad Hasan Namaei, Sima Surgi, Hoda Khoshbakht, Nahid Askari, Seyed Alireza Javadinia,
Volume 5, Issue 5 (3-2012)
Abstract

Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate bacterial contamination of keyboards of computers located in various wards of Vali-e Asr Teaching Hospital, Birjand, Iran.

Materials and Methods: In this study, all computer keyboards in various wards of Vali-e Asr Hospital were sampled (n=24). Then, the samples were sent to Microbiology Research Laboratory at Birjand University of Medical Sciences and were cultured on Blood ager, Manitol Salt ager and Eosin Methylene Blue media. The isolated bacteria were identified based on their colonial morphology and biochemical characteristics.

Results: A total of 26 samples from 24 different computer keyboards of 16 different wards were obtained. Two keyboards of Infectious Diseases and Neurology wards were routinely disinfected at the end of every shift. All samples(100%) showed contamination to different bacteria. The keyboard of the computer located in Internal Medicine ward(women's division) was the most contaminated one. In total, 13 different bacterial spp. were isolated from keyboards of different computers. The species belonging to Enterobacteriaceae family(61.5%) were the most common contaminating bacteria followed by Bacillus spp(30.7%).

Conclusion: Based on the results, all the sampled keyboards were contaminated by at least one bacterial spp. Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention to the fact that computer keyboards in hospitals should regularly be disinfected.


The Study of Design Principles of Computerized Physician Order Entry System
Marjan Ghazi Saeedi , Leila Shahmoradi, Safieh Ilati Khangholi, Mahdi Habibi-Koolaee ,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (7-2016)
Abstract

Background and Aim: Computerized physician order entry system is the process of entering orders electronically. It is a replacement for manual system and is considered as a part of a clinical information system. The appropriate design of this system leads to the enhancement of its capabilities, ensures orders accurately and comprehensively, and transfers information to different parts rapidly. Therefore, transfer time and the error related to the wrong path or misinterpretations will be omitted; in the end, efficiency will increase. This study aims to present different perspectives on design principles of computerized physician order entry system for stakeholders.
Materials and Methods: In this review article, Google, Google Scholar, Pub Med, Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched with some keywords related to design principles of computerized physician order entry system.
Results: Based on the performed studies, factors such as inappropriate design of links, display page, set of orders content, drug database, structure of order environment, rules, formats, mechanism of getting reports of errors, and finally clinical decision support system have led to the decrease of doctors’ performance, increase of new errors, and reduction of patients’ safety.
Conclusion: Inappropriate design leads to the increase of new errors after the implementation of system; therefore, proper and principled design of this system can lead to the improvement of practitioners’ function, decrease of prescription errors and drug side effects, reduction of costs, efficiency increase, workflow 


Security Challenges in Fog Computing in Healthcare
Mohammad Hossein Ronaghi, Foroughosadat Hosseini,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (3-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The Fog Computing is a highly virtualized platform that provides storage, computing and networking services between the Cloud data centers and end devices. Fog computing fits the characteristics of real-time health monitoring systems. In such systems, a large amount of data is acquired from a multitude of bio and environmental sensors. On the other hand, its distribution and open structure makes it vulnerable and weak to security threats. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to identify the security challenges in healthcare.
Materials and Methods: This applied research has been done in three phases using mixed-method approach in 2019. In the first phase, security codes from library resources by content analysis was identified. In the second phase interpretation of experts by Delphi method, Panel of IT experts consists of twelve members who work on healthcare sector was evaluated. Finally, we used Analytic Hierarchy Process method for ranking security codes.
Results: According to fuzzy AHP results attacks(0.31), secure communications(0.23), authentication and access control(0.19), trust(0.15) and privacy preservation(0.12) are the most important criteria in security challenges of fog computing.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, secure communications and network attacks are the major challenges in fog computing, because fog nodes are usually deployed in some places with relatively weak protection. They may encounter various malicious attacks. As a result, policymakers should be aware of the role of secure communications and network attacks in fog computing implementation.

Determining the Information Requirements of Electronic Prescribing and Medication Administration System for Cardiovascular Patients
Reza Safdari, Farnoosh Larti, Kamyar Fathi Salari, Saman Mohammadpour,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (7-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Cardiovascular diseases and medication errors are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality around the world. Electronic prescribing and Medication Administration(ePMA) systems can prevent medication errors to some extent. This study aimed to determine the information requirements of ePMA systems.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in Imam Khomeini Hospital of Tehran and School of Allied Medical Sciences affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) in the summer of 2019 in two phases: literature review and survey-based questionnaire. Information items obtained from reviewing the texts of 100 articles were organized in three questionnaires. In the survey phase, questionnaires were distributed among physicians, nurses, and the experts of health information management(HIM) and medical informatics, using census sampling method. The reliability of the questionnaires was measured using Cronbach's coefficient alpha. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS.
Results: The findings showed that based on specialists’ point of view, patients' demographic information items and unique identifiers gained the highest average, above 4.7. Physicians agreed most with clinical information, including medication history and generic names. From the nurses’ point of view, the information items of the patients’ problems and the procedures performed and the types of drug doses obtained a complete average of 5.
Conclusion: The need for information items varies among different users of ePMA systems, but there may be items that are common for them. Future studies should further investigate financial and pharmaceutical information requirements based on the perspectives of other hospital pharmacy and accounting staff.

The Relationship between Health Literacy and Computer Literacy among Torbat Heydarieh Students of Medical Sciences
Faezeh Mahdizadeh, Fatemeh Mahdizadeh, Maryam Tatari, Mostafa Sheykhtayefeh,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Medical students, as the largest group of health care providers, should be able to combine their technical skills and professional knowledge to diagnose patients' problems and use it to take a big step towards reducing errors and increase the quality of care. For this reason, a study was conducted to investigate the relationship between health literacy and computer literacy among medical students in Torbat Heydariyeh in 2018.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study with a descriptive-analytical approach was performed in the middle half of 2018 on 201 students of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences (THUMS), who were selected by multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected using the Iranian Adult Health Literacy Questionnaire (HELIA) and the Computer Literacy Questionnaire. Then, the data were analyzed with SPSS software, using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test.
Results: In this study, 175 subjects (87.1%) were female and the rest were male. The mean and standard deviation of age were 21.52±1.30 and 17.11±0/99, respectively. The results of multivariate linear regression showed that the variable dimensions of computer literacy could predict up to 63% of changes in students' health literacy score. The results also showed that the dimensions of basic skills, frequency of computer use and 
self-assessment of working skills with Windows had a significant relationship with students' health literacy (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the results, it is suggested that the necessary measures be taken to increase students' computer literacy by holding workshops and Update educational content in universities; in this way, a step towards increasing computer literacy and consequently, increasing the health literacy of students can be taken.

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