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Showing 3 results for Inflammation
The Survey of Vitamin D and C-Reactive Protein Status after a Period of Lumbar Stabilization Exercises and Vitamin D Consumption in Women with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain
Mr Ali Asghar Shariati Aghamahalli, Masoumeh Habibian,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (8-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Low-grade systemic inflammation, sedentary lifestyle, and vitamin D deficiency are considered risk factors for developing non-specific low back pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of selective lumbar stabilization exercises with vitamin D intake on the level of hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in women with chronic non-specific low back pain.
Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study with pretest–posttest design, 48 women with chronic low back pain were initially selected by available sampling method and then randomly divided into control, exercise, vitamin D and combined groups. Lumbar stabilization exercises were performed at different levels for 8 weeks. The vitamin D and combined groups received 50,000 IU vitamin D weekly. Data were analyzed using paired t-test, ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests with a significant level of less than 0.05. 
Results: 25.64% and 74.26% of the subjects had insufficient levels of vitamin D (20-29 ng/ml) and vitamin D deficiency (less than 20 ng/ml), respectively. 8 weeks of lumbar stabilization exercises, vitamin D consumption, and the combined intervention decreased hs-CRP and increased 25-hydroxyvitamin D. In addition, the combined intervention had a stronger effect on lowering hs-CRP levels compared to the other two interventions. The effect of vitamin D intake and combined intervention on improving vitamin D status was greater compared to lumbar stabilization exercises.
Conclusion: It seems that lumbar stabilization exercises, vitamin D intake, and combined interventions can improve low-grade systemic inflammation in people with low back pain and low vitamin D levels by lowering hs-CRP and positively regulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D, but combined intervention is associated with greater effectiveness in reducing hs-CRP.

The role of inflammation in the development of complications caused by COVID-19: A Review Study
Alireza Monadi Sefidan, Ziba Majidi,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (10-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: It is important to understand how inflammation caused by COVID-19 affects patients and leads to more complications and diseases. According to the importance of controlling COVID-19 related complications, the current study was designed to evaluate the inflammation caused by COVID-19 and its related complications. 
Materials and Methods: The present study is a review study. Studies were retrieved from PubMed, Web of science, Scopus and Google scholar databases. Finally, according to the purpose of the study, the relevant resources were selected by the researchers and a summary of their results was presented in this study.
Results: The present study showed that SARS-CoV-2 viruses enter their genome into the host cell after entering the cell by the spike protein (S) and the important receptor of coronavirus, angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE - 2), and causes the onset of cytokine storms and consequently increase of primary cytokines involved in inflammation. IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and IL-1 cytokines are key factors; These factors in turn activate macrophages, dendritic cells (DC) and other immune cells. Studies revealed that the inflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2 in the liver by inducing IL-6 activates the JAKs/STAT3 pathway, whose receptor is only found in the liver and immune cells, and causes cytokine release syndrome. Cytokines also cause the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion, and nitric oxide, so that all of them can damage myocardial cells and cause insulin resistance and diabetes. In addition, the increase of inflammatory cytokines such as IL4, IL10 and IL6 and immune cells lead to cardiac disorders such as arrhythmia. The entry of the virus into the digestive system reduces the bacteria secreting butyrate (with anti-inflammatory effects) and leads to the induction of severe inflammation. Also, corona virus causes obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression and other neurological disorders by increasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing the activity of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO).
Conclusion: Studies have shown that the inflammation caused by COVID-19 plays an important role in the development of the related complications such as disorders in the digestive, hepatic, cardiac, neurologic, pancreas systems and other organs. Therefore, targeting cytokines can potentially improve survival and reduce mortality. 
 

The Effect of D-Peptide-B and B.Bifidum Probiotic Lysate on the Expression of TNF-α and IL-1 Genes in AGS Cancer Cell Line Compared to Healthy HEK Cells
Shima Derakhshan, Negar Yavari Tehrani Fard, Nahid Abotalbe, Maryam Naseroleslami,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Today, natural compounds such as peptides and probiotics can be mentioned as a supplement to the treatment of diseases such as cancer. These compounds may be effective in preventing the progression or treatment of cancer by affecting some molecular pathways including inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of D-peptide-B and B.bifidum probiotic lysate on the expression of TNF-α and IL-1 genes in gastric cancer cells of AGS cell line.
Materials and Methods: In this study, AGS and HEK cells were cultured in DMEM medium with 10% bovine serum. The cells were treated with different concentrations of D-peptide-B and B.bifidum lysate and were incubated for 24 hours. The cell viability was checked by MTT. For molecular investigations, after RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the relative expression of TNF-α and IL-1 genes was evaluated using Real time PCR, and the data were analyzed using statistical methods One-way ANOVA.
Results: The MTT results indicated that the AGS cancer cells’ survival rate decreased after treatment with dipeptide-B and lysate of B.bifidum as compared to HEK control cells. Furthermore, the study found that the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1 genes in gastric cancer cells were significantly higher after treatment with D-Peptide-B, bacterial lysate, or both, when compared to normal HEK cells (P≤0.05). Specifically, the IL-1 gene expression increased by 300% (4 times) for peptide treatment, 100% (2 times) for bacterial treatment, and 650% (7.5 times) for combined treatment. Similarly, the TNF-α gene expression increased by 350% for peptide treatment, 100% for bacterial treatment, and 520% for combined treatment. These results suggest that these compounds may have induced cell death in cancer cells by affecting other molecular pathways.
Conclusion: Considering that D-peptide-B and B.bifidum lysate had no significant toxicity on normal cells and caused a significant decrease in the survival of cancer cells and this toxicity was dose dependent, therefore, consideration might be given to these natural compounds in treatment of gastric cancer.

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