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Showing 3 results for Osteoporosis
Investigating the Relationship between Factors Affecting Hip Fracture and Its Consequences in Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex during 2017-2020
Mahya Jafarnejad, Esmaeil Mohammadnejad, Leila Sayadi, Shima Haghani, Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh, Afzal Shamsi,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (8-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Fractures and dislocations of the femur are a common and disruptive public health problem worldwide. One of the most common ways is to identify the factors associated with common outcomes that increase mortality, length of hospital stay, and postoperative complications. By identifying these factors, the adverse outcomes of elderly hip fractures can be prevented. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between factors affecting hip fracture and its consequences. 
Materials and Methods: The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional observational study. The study population in this study included patients with hip fractures. Patients’ information was examined between 2017-2020 years. Data were analyzed by SPSS applying descriptive statistics, Fisher Exact test, chi-square, independent t-tests, and analytical regression.
Results: The results showed that in this study, the majority of patients with hip fracture had an underlying disease (73.9%). The most common underlying diseases in patients included high blood pressure (20.7%), diabetes (13.2%) and heart diseases (10.5%). The most common causes of death was include old age (40.4%), prevalence of covid-19 (20.2%), heart attack (11.7%), pulmonary embolism (10.6%) and surgical wound infection (10.6%). The most common cause of hip fracture was osteoporosis (26.3%) and falling from a height (24.7%). Also level of education (P=0.0001), causes of fracture (P=0.001), type of anesthesia (P=0.001), history of hospitalization in special wards (P=0.001), readmission (P=0.0001), age (P=0.001) and level of self-care (P=0.001) were significantly associated with elderly mortality. There was a significant relation between type of surgery (P=0.038), history of hospitalization in intensive care units (P=0.001), history of blood transfusion (P=0.021) and level of self-care (P=0.001) with length of hospital stay of fractured elderly hip.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that by identifying the factors affecting the length of hospital stay, surgical wound infection and mortality of the patients with hip fractures, witness better surgery results, shorter hospital stay, less postoperative complications and reduced death. Some factors such as osteoporosis are preventable, which can be prevented with timely education.

Smart Health Ecosystem of Osteoporotic Fracture Prevention: A Qualitative Systematic Review
Ayoub Mohamadian, Ali Moeini, Mahnaz Sanjari, Zahra Abdullahzade,
Volume 18, Issue 6 (2-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Smart health, due to its capacity in disease prevention, is a suitable solution for providing osteoporosis fracture prevention services. Also, the existence of close relationships between active organizations for the prevention of this disease requires this area to be examined from the perspective of the ecosystem. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the factors and players of the ecosystem of preventing fractures caused by osteoporosis in smart health.
Materials and Methods: A qualitative systematic review of meta-synthesis was conducted to find resources related to the prevention of osteoporosis-related fractures. For this purpose, scientific databases of Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed were examined and 155 were selected from 10344 sources found. At the end, by using the Shannon entropy method, the categories of each dimension were ranked.
Results: This systematic review demonstrated that the ecosystem for preventing fractures caused by osteoporosis comprises four main categories of factors: lifestyle (nutrition, exercise, fall prevention, cessation of tobacco, alcohol, and caffeine consumption), clinical (screening, diagnosis, and drug therapy), technological (infrastructure, platform, and application), and contextual (cultural, social participation, policy, economic, and education). The application and infrastructure secured the first and second positions in the ranking, while the platform and education collectively ranked third. Ecosystem participants were also categorized into three core layers: the fracture prevention and treatment team members, firms related to fracture prevention and treatment, and other health stakeholders; the extended layer, which includes affected or at-risk individuals, education stakeholders, cultural stakeholders, social stakeholders, and health stakeholders; and the external layer, comprising international organizations and national ministries. In the ranking, affected or at-risk individuals, other health stakeholders, and fracture prevention and treatment team members earned first to third positions, respectively.
Conclusion: The research results showed that “technological”, “contextual”, “lifestyle change” and “clinical” factors are in the first to fourth places, respectively. Also, among the players, the first place was assigned to the extended layer, the main core took the second place, and the external layer took the third place.

Investigating the Association between Aquaporin-4 and Osteoporosis in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
Zhila Maghbooli, Solaleh Emamgholipour, Majid Ramezani, Mohammad Ali Sahraian,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD) is an uncommon disorder of the central nervous system mainly affecting the optic nerves and spinal cord. NMOSD is associated with IgG antibody binding to aquaporin-4 (AQP4) that triggers astrocyte and axon loss. Aquaporin 4 is also expressed skeletally and affects bioenergetic regulation pathways and calcium (Ca²⁺) translocations.
The aim of this study was the association between AQP4 and bone loss in NMOSD patients.
Material and Methods: In this study, 32 NMOSD patients were enrolled as the case group, and 37 age-matched individuals without a history of neurological disorders or other acute or chronic conditions served as the control group. Patients with NMOSD were diagnosed based on the criteria established by Wingerchuk et al. Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to assess bone mineral density (BMD) at three bone sites: the total hip, femoral neck, and spinal lumbar vertebrae (L1-L4). Bone status was defined based on the Z-score in these regions, with a Z-score less than -2 classified as severe bone loss.
Results: Among patients with NMOSD, 15.6% exhibited severe bone densitometry loss in at least one area (total hip, femoral neck, or spine), compared to 5.4% in the control group (P=0.01). Bone densitometry results showed that the Z-score in the femoral neck and hip regions was significantly lower in individuals with NMOSD compared to the control group (P<0.05). In NMOSD patients, the Z-score in the femoral neck and hip regions was considerably lower in aquaporin-4 positive patients compared to the control group (P<0.05). In the regression model, after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and history of vitamin D supplementation, patients with aquaporin-4 had lower bone mass (P=0.02).
Conclusion: The study results indicate that aquaporin-4 may play a mediating role in the bone status of patients with NMOSD.

 
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