Showing 10 results for Stress
Amin Saberi Nia, Mahmoud Nekouei Moghadam, Farzaneh Mahmoudi Meymand,
Volume 6, Issue 6 (3-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The Emergency Medical services(EMS) is a community-based health management system that has coordinated with the entire health care system and the employees are the most important asset of it. The purpose of this study was to identify the stressful factors that cause dissatisfaction of employee in the pre-hospital EMS in Kerman.
Materials and Methods: This study was a qualitative study and sampling was targeted. Acception criteria for the study was more than three years of experience as a technician operating in urban and road sites in the EMS. In this study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 personnels and data was analyzed using "frame structured analysis" was used.
Results: This study identified four main axis and fifteen sub axis. The main issues related to the tensions and dissatisfaction include the employees personal problems, organizational problems, poor coordination, and problems with the community.
Conclusion: Considering Psychotherapy for staff and the creation of job rotation between the bases are the constructive suggestions for improving employee performance and improve the system of EMS is Kerman.
Fariba Nabatchian, Mojtaba Ashteeani, Ali Noroozi,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (5-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Breast cancer is epidemiological and most important cause of death in women. Oxidative stress plays an important role in this disease. Antioxidants such as some vitamins has attracted the attention of scientists to deal with oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of vitamin supplements in reducing oxidative stress in breast cancer.
Materials and Methods: 38 BALB-C mice were used. They were created in the breast cancer by cell implantation procedure. Rats were divided into 4 groups: 4 mice were given vitamin supplements for 1 month, 4 mice vitamin A, 4 mice, vitamin D, and 4 mice were given vitamin E respectively. After a month mice had breast cancer. In the second group mice without vitamin supplements, were affected. In the third group, mice with vitamin supplements were not affected. In the blood serum of rats, the catalase, superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity was measured by ELISA.
Results: Catalase activity in mice that received vitamin supplements was significantly increased and were diagnosed (P=0.049). But the increase was not significant with vitamin D supplement (P=0.287). Superoxide dismutase in mice that received vitamin supplements and were free of disease increased significantly (P=0.0249). But the increase was not statistically significant with vitamin D supplement (P=0.24).The total antioxidant capacity in mice that received vitamin supplements and were affected with breast cancer was significantly increased (P<0.0001). This increase was not significant with vitamin D (P=0.006).
Conclusion: The use of vitamin supplements with catalase, superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity was significantly correlated and may increase the level of antioxidant markers.
Esfandear Azadmarzabadi , Saeed Niknafs,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (9-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: People use various ways against the stresses. Choosing a suitable confront ways can reduce the influence of stresses on individuals is mental health and lead to more compatibility. Therefore, the purpose of the current survey was to investigate the methods of opposing against job stress in military staff.
Materials and Methods: The procedure was of descriptive-analytical type, and it was implemented through questionnaires. Two types of questionnaires, job stress and coping with stressor situation, were handed in to number of 959 individuals as the sample of the research. Percentiles, frequencies, averages and standard deviations were obtained through descriptive statistics. Statistical method of T between the two samples and multi-variable regression model were used to analyze the data. All analyses were performed in SPSS package version 18.
Results: Results showed that job stress within sample group had the best condition concerning sub-component of "role" with average of 3.79 and standard deviation of 0.86, whereas the worst condition was related to sub-component of "communication" with average of 2.77 and standard deviation of 0.84. Military staff use problem-base mode to cope with their stressors. Regression coefficients also suggested that only exciting-base mode can predict job stress.
Conclusion: Problem-base mode is the most used method by military in coping with stressful situations.
Sajjad Sistani, Mahdieh Raeeszadeh , Ali Akbar Amiri,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (9-2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Due to the importance of infertility caused by oxidative stress induced by nicotine, this study was to evaluate the effect of alfalfa extract in contrast with the nicotine on ovarian tissues in rats.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-four adult female rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Control group received no treatment; nicotine (0.2 mg/kg) was injected to T1 subcutaneously; and nicotine plus hydroalcoholic extract of alfalfa was prescribed to T2 and T3 orally for 25 days at 250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively. On the last day, the animals were weighed. After euthanizing the animals, their ovaries were removed and weighed. Right ovary was used for MDA measure and left ovary was fixed and stained to count the primary, secondary, graafian, and atretic follicles and corpus luteum (CL).
Results: Body weight in T1 (219 gr) decreased by 10 percent, and the average compared with that of the control group, T2 and T3 was significant. The highest ovarian weight was observed in T3 group (146.66±8.94mg). In T3, the average of primary and graafian follicles and CL was higher than that of T1, but atretic follicle was lower than that of T1 group. The MDA concentration in the control group (0.35±0.01 µmol/ml) was less than that in the other groups, but the TCA in T3 (821.18±3.25 µmol/ml) was significantly more than that in T1 group (708.85±12.44).
Conclusion: The hydroalcoholic extract of alfalfa can reduce the oxidative stress caused by nicotine on ovarian tissue and probably improve fertility status.
Parichehr Hanachi, Zahra Ghaseminya, Khosro Sadeghniyat, Abolfazl Golestani,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (9-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the most common sleep disorders that, despite the high prevalence, most people are unaware of it. The reason for this disorder is obstruction of the respiratory tract, which reduces blood oxygen as a result of frequent waking during the night. In this study, the status of antioxidant defense was considered as one of the most important mechanisms involved in preventing the consequences of this complication.
Materials and Methods: The 35 subjects of OSA were selected and categorized according to the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in two groups: Mild OSA (n=17) and severe OSA (n=18). The fasting blood samples were taken in order to evaluate the antioxidant defense status of the glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) and glutathione (GSH) content.
Results: The results showed the mean values for GPx in patients with mild and severe apnea were 36.6±2.2 and 35.3±3.7 (u/gHb), respectively. Also, the mean values for GSH content in patients with mild and severe apnea were 0.54±0.1 and 0.68±0.1 µM, respectively that showed a 23% increase (P˂0.05) in severe apnea patients.
Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the GPx activity of mild apnea, however, patients with severe apnea showed a significant increase in GSH levels compared to mild apnea (P<0.05), which may indicate a long-term response to oxidative stress alters gene expression and increases the level of these biomarkers in a long time.
Mina Ahmadi Kakavandi, Kamal Azizbeigi, Seyyed Fardin Qeysari,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (7-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Aging process is associated with increased free radicals and cellular damage. However, resistance training may cause balance of the oxidative and antioxidant system in the elderly. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of progressive resistance training (PRT) on malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity in inactive elderly women.
Materials and Methods: 26 inactive elderly women voluntarily participated in present study and divided into progressive resistance training (PRT; n=13) and control group (Con; n=13). The PRT performed resistance training for eight weeks (three sessions per week). Blood samples were collected before and after 8 week of progressive resistance training and analyzed for MDA concentration and SOD activities.
Results: Results showed that after eight weeks of progressive resistance training, MDA concentration significantly decreased in the PRT compared to the control group (p=0.001). Also, SOD activity in the PRT was significantly increased compared to the control group (p=0.002).
Conclusion: The present study showed progressive resistance training cause reduction in malondialdehyde concentration and increase activity of superoxide dismutase that is an important factor in reducing aging process. Therefore, it seems that the regular resistance training causes to balance the oxidant system and reinforcement the antioxidant system in the body and can play a role in preventing serious damage that caused by oxidative stress, especially in aging.
Mehrdad Azadi, Malikeh Beheshtifar,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (11-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Job stress is one of the reasons of low motivation and leaving one's job, and its reduction can have positive consequences. According to studies, staff's development and their positive self concept toward workplace can reduce job stress. The aim of this research is to study the effect of human resource development on job stress with regard to the mediator role of self concept in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences(SUMS).
Materials and Methods: This is a correlational descriptive study. The research community included 584 staff members, of whom 234 were selected using Morgan's table in 2018. To collect data, 3 standard questionnaires were used, and their content validity and reliability were confirmed. For data analysis, structural equation modeling and Amos and SPSS softwares were used.
Results: The findings showed that human resource development had a reverse effect on staff job stress(path coefficient -0.778). Moreover, human resource development had a direct effect on job stress(path coefficient 0.843), but staff self concept did not have any effect on job stress(path coefficient 0.166). Since the paths of human resource development-self concept and self concept-job stress were not meaningful, human resource development did not have any effect on job stress by way of the mediator variable of self concept in confidence level 0.95.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, conducting the staff's continuous development to promote their skills and abilities for declining job stress is emphasized.
Alireza Monadi Sefidan, Ziba Majidi,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (10-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: It is important to understand how inflammation caused by COVID-19 affects patients and leads to more complications and diseases. According to the importance of controlling COVID-19 related complications, the current study was designed to evaluate the inflammation caused by COVID-19 and its related complications.
Materials and Methods: The present study is a review study. Studies were retrieved from PubMed, Web of science, Scopus and Google scholar databases. Finally, according to the purpose of the study, the relevant resources were selected by the researchers and a summary of their results was presented in this study.
Results: The present study showed that SARS-CoV-2 viruses enter their genome into the host cell after entering the cell by the spike protein (S) and the important receptor of coronavirus, angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE - 2), and causes the onset of cytokine storms and consequently increase of primary cytokines involved in inflammation. IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and IL-1 cytokines are key factors; These factors in turn activate macrophages, dendritic cells (DC) and other immune cells. Studies revealed that the inflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2 in the liver by inducing IL-6 activates the JAKs/STAT3 pathway, whose receptor is only found in the liver and immune cells, and causes cytokine release syndrome. Cytokines also cause the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion, and nitric oxide, so that all of them can damage myocardial cells and cause insulin resistance and diabetes. In addition, the increase of inflammatory cytokines such as IL4, IL10 and IL6 and immune cells lead to cardiac disorders such as arrhythmia. The entry of the virus into the digestive system reduces the bacteria secreting butyrate (with anti-inflammatory effects) and leads to the induction of severe inflammation. Also, corona virus causes obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression and other neurological disorders by increasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing the activity of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO).
Conclusion: Studies have shown that the inflammation caused by COVID-19 plays an important role in the development of the related complications such as disorders in the digestive, hepatic, cardiac, neurologic, pancreas systems and other organs. Therefore, targeting cytokines can potentially improve survival and reduce mortality.
Zeynab Arbabi, Abdolali Banaiefar, Sajjad Arshadi, Hamid Tabatabaei,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Metabolic syndrome refers to a set of metabolic disorders related to obesity, such as abdominal obesity, increased body fat mass, lipid disorders, hypertension, increased blood glucose, and insulin resistance. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of 8 weeks of CXWORX exercises combined with inulin consumption on some indicators of oxidative stress in obese women with metabolic syndrome.
Materials and Methods: Forty eight obese women with metabolic syndrome in the age range of 30 to 40 years were randomly divided into Control, inulin, CX exercise and combined groups were included. Subjects were present in the laboratory environment and 5 cc of blood was taken from their brachial vein. Blood sample was taken to measure malondialdehyde and xanthine oxidase (pre-test). Then the aforementioned interventions were performed on the studied groups for a period of 8 weeks. Finally, blood sampling was done again to measure the variables (post-test).
Results: The results of the correlated t-test revealed that in all three groups, the intervention led to a significant decrease in malondialdehyde compared to the pre-test; However, xanthine oxidase variable did not change significantly in the exercise group and significantly decreased in the inulin and combined groups compared to the pre-test. ANOVA results revealed that compared to the control group, the amount of malondialdehyde is significant only in the combined group (P≤0.05). The amount of this variable in the combined group decreased significantly compared to the exercise and inulin group (P≤0.05). No significant difference was observed between the exercise and inulin groups (P>0.05). Amount of xanthine oxidase, a significant difference had between the inulin and combination groups with the control group (P≤0.05). No significant difference was observed between the exercise and inulin groups (P>0.05). Despite this, a significant difference in xanthine oxidase levels was observed between the combined group with the exercise and inulin groups (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the available findings, it is concluded that the implementation of CX exercises combined with the use of inulin reduces the oxidative stress function more than the application of each of them alone in women with metabolic syndrome.
Mina Shirvani, Mostafa Roshanzadeh, Maryam Rabiey Faradonbeh, Razieh Mirzaeian,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Nursing students are exposed to various educational, family, and social stresses and various factors can affect their mental health. Therefore, in order to pay attention to different dimensions of health and investigate the effects of spirituality on health, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of fasting on the mental health of nursing students of Borujen Faculty of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: The present semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design was conducted in 2022 at Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. Ninety nursing students of Borujen Faculty of Medical Sciences were selected by available methods and assigned to two intervention and control groups by a simple random method. The intervention in this study included at least 23 days of fasting during Ramadan. The data before and after the intervention were collected by the demographic information questionnaire and the 21-question depression, anxiety, and stress standard tool (DASS). The validity and reliability of this questionnaire were conducted for the first time in Iran by Sahebi et al. in 2005. SPSS was used for analysis. Descriptive statistical tests including frequency percentage, mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistical tests including t-test, paired t-test, analysis of variance, and chi-square were used.
Results: There was no significant difference in the total mental health score between intervention (32.32±11.62) and control (29.87±14.09) groups before the intervention (P=0.08). There was a significant difference in this score between intervention (20.6±5.71) and control (29.49±8.9) groups after the intervention (P=0.04). The total mental health score in the control group before (29.87±14.09) and after (29.49±8.9) the intervention had no significant difference (P=0.15); while in the intervention group before (32.32±11.62) and after (20.6±5.71) the intervention had a significant difference (P=0.001). Mental health dimensions before and after intervention, indicated that anxiety (P=0.04) and stress (P=0.003) decreased significantly after the intervention in the intervention group. However, there was no significant difference in the depression dimension (P=0.06).
Conclusion: According to the results, it should be said that regular and periodic examination of the health level, and the promotion of educational and training programs on the subject of fasting to improve mental health, should be considered.
