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Study of Organizational culture and Structure for implementation of Knowledge Managent in Universities of Medical Sciences
M Naghipour, F Azadeh, H Dargahi, Sj Ghazi Mir Saedi, M Hasanzadeh, J Khansari,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (12-2008)
Abstract

Background and Aim : Creation of knowledge management (KM) and efforts to use it in the university research programs shows the university society activity to enhance intellectual qualities and improve this effectiveness of the universities on the development and advancement in the countries. The objective of present study was to evaluate the status of organizational culture and structure for implantation of KM in the central libraries of the medical science universities in Iran.

Materials and Methods:The present work is an applied research and descriptive-analytic study.  The survey population consisted of 80 people who were directors or managers of 29 central libraries in medical science universities. Data collection method was used based on the questionnaire.  The validity was checked by researchers and reliability Cronbach's alpha (>0.7). The data & information were analyzed with descriptive statistics and independent t-test by SPSS software package ver. 15.

Results: The findings showed that the status of "organizational structure" of KM in these libraries was intermediate, whereas "organizational culture" was in the suitable status. Also in the libraries in which decentralization, revision in knowledge sharing process and Internal Network for knowledge sharing is adopted, higher organizational culture as compared with  other libraries, and have significant differences in them (p<0.05).

Conclusions: The result of present work is a proof for willingness and propensity of the Iranian librarians and their managers in the process of knowledge sharing and utilization of KM is at the proper level. Therefore, the authorities should provide the necessary structures and other complementary backgrounds for the utilization of KM in Iranian university libraries.


Impact Of Hospitals Accreditation On Service Delivery From The Perspective Views Of Experts: A Qualitative Study
Saeed Karimi , Kamal Gholipour , Ayan Kordi, Najmeh Bahmanziari , Azad Shokri ,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (11-2013)
Abstract

Background and Aim: Accreditation is one of the evaluating health care organization tools especially in hospitals and is also one of the priorities of Ministry of Health in Iran. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of accreditation on health service delivery in hospitals from perspective views of experts.

Materials and Methods: This qualitative study was conducted by semi-structured interviews and opinions of 12 experts at Isfahan University of Medical Science in the field of hospital accreditation in 2012. After transcription of each interview, content analyses was used to minimize and structuring qualitative data.

Results: According to this study, 10 main theme and 72 sub- themes were identified. Main themes included: Necessity, implementations priorities and mechanisms of Accreditation effect, accreditation impact on service quality and organizational performance, patient satisfaction, commitment and job satisfaction of staff, reducing factors the impact of accreditation, confounder factors the effect of accreditation and the executive proposals in order to implement accreditation program in Iran.

Conclusion : Accreditation could be properly implemented through setting Conditions, selecting the appropriate accreditation model, justify stakeholders about the necessity of accreditation, monitoring, establishment of appropriate information systems, information transparency and changing the general attitude of the organization. It would take positive effects to achieve hospital goals and improve the quality of services.


A Minimum Data Set Of Radiology Reporting System For Exchanging With Electronic Health Record System In Iran
Maryam Ahmadi, Azadeh Bashiri,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (7-2014)
Abstract

 Background and Aim: In order to better design an electronic health record system in the country, determining standardized data elements for creating an integrated information system is important. In this study, the minimum data set of radiology reporting system is determined.

 Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 13 radiologists, 3 anesthesiologists, 3 general practitioners and 3 insurance experts working in the Imaging Center of Imam Khomeini hospital in Tehran were chosen. The research tool was a questionnaire having 11 parts. Content validity and test-retest method were used to measure the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, respectively. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS software.

 Results: The highest means reported were radiologists' written explanations and suggestions (9.6), image interpretation (9.5), the name of contrast material (9.4), the name of imaging procedure (9.3) type and date of previous measures (9.1), and the final diagnosis (9) and the lowest averages belonged to referring physician's address (4.8), relationship between patients and the primary individual insured (4.3), and religion (2.2).

 Conclusion: In an electronic health record system, due to the importance of radiology reports for the diagnosis and future management of a patient's clinical problems, it is necessary to pay attention to the minimum set of data related to these reports such as administrative, insurance, patient identity, and clinical data, and the results of radiological examinations for exchanging with electronic health record system.

 


Adaptation Of Goals And Organizational Structure In Iran’s Primary Healthcare System, A Systematic Review
Mehdi Zanganeh Baygi, Seyed Hesam Seyadin, Fatemeh Rajabi Fard Mazrae No, Abbas Kouhsari Khameneh ,
Volume 9, Issue 5 (2-2016)
Abstract

Background and Aim: In recent years, the family physician plan has been implemented as a main strategy of the health system in Iran. Therefore, the necessity to reform organizational structure based on new goals and strategies is felt more than before. The aim of this study is to review and summarize all cases about Iran’s organizational structure and its challenges in primary healthcare system.

Materials and Methods: This study is a systematic review. All relevant databases, bibliography of related papers, and laws were searched using appropriate search strategies and keywords. To evaluate the quality of selected papers, CASP tool was applied by two experts, and their choices were discussed to reach a final decision.

Results: Fourteen final cases were categorized in two groups: papers and upstream policies and laws. The results revealed the ineffectiveness of current organizational structure at different levels. The majority of the findings suggested proper reforms in the system. Centralization and delegation processes were the main dimensions studied.

Conclusion: Due to fundamental changes in goals and strategies, certain reforms in the organizational structure of health system in Iran are indispensable, especially at peripheral levels.

Key words: Primary Health Care System, Organizational Structure, Iran

Background and Aim: In recent years, the family physician plan has been implemented as a main strategy of the health system in Iran. Therefore, the necessity to reform organizational structure based on new goals and strategies is felt more than before. The aim of this study is to review and summarize all cases about Iran’s organizational structure and its challenges in primary healthcare system.

Materials and Methods: This study is a systematic review. All relevant databases, bibliography of related papers, and laws were searched using appropriate search strategies and keywords. To evaluate the quality of selected papers, CASP tool was applied by two experts, and their choices were discussed to reach a final decision.

Results: Fourteen final cases were categorized in two groups: papers and upstream policies and laws. The results revealed the ineffectiveness of current organizational structure at different levels. The majority of the findings suggested proper reforms in the system. Centralization and delegation processes were the main dimensions studied.

Conclusion: Due to fundamental changes in goals and strategies, certain reforms in the organizational structure of health system in Iran are indispensable, especially at peripheral levels.


Dimensions and Requirements of Professionalism in Health Sector: A Comparative Study
Mehrangiz Haghgoo, Karamollah Daneshfard, Seyed Jamaledin Tabibi,
Volume 11, Issue 5 (1-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Conditions, advantages and limitations of professional ethics have not been discussed. The present study aimed to determine the framework, dimensions and requirements of professional ethics in selected countries in order to review their experiences.
Materials and Methods: The present study was comparatively conducted in 2017. Considering inclusion criteria in designing study including purposeful and specified activity in terms of professional ethics, five countries of United Kingdom, Malaysia, Japan, Turkey and United States of America achieved the conditions to enter the study. For data analysis, comparative tables were used which included dimensional comparison obtained from professional ethics development study in the selected countries. 
Results: Medical and nursing associations and headquarters units in Ministries of Health, prepare appropriate utilization of professional ethics principles. Using temporary or permanent and regular committees in line units, also includes other characteristics of attention to the professional ethics concept in the selected countries. In Malaysia and Japan, professional ethics is taught in different courses and majors. 
Conclusion: Applying professional ethics concept requires information transparency and factors such as education, organizational structure set up and their establishments and institutionalizing must should be discussed more and to be localized on the basis of the countries situations.

The Feasibility of Telemedicine Technology Implementation in the Selected Hospitals of Iran
Samin Nobakht, Somayeh Bagheri, Esmaeil Mehraeen, Ahmad Reza Shamsabadi,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (5-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Successful implementation and optimum use of telemedicine technology depends on providing the necessary infrastructure and the success factors of this technology, such as high-speed broadband. The present study is aimed at feasibility study on the implementation of telemedicine in selected hospitals of Iran.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was conducted in selected hospitals in 2016. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that its content validity and structure were measured by four professors of health information management. Reliability of the questionnaire was determined using internal correlation test (Cronbach's alpha=0.83). The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics (average and standard deviation) and inferential statistics.
Results: According to the findings, 82.2% of the hospitals had no access to 
high-speed broadband and only 5.5% had optics fiber. Insurance and repayment obstacles and shortages of technical staff were identified as the main barriers and medical personnel's resistance and licensing issues were identified as the low importance barriers to the implementation of this technology. Organizational and cultural factors (p-value=0.001), technical infrastructure (p-value=0.005) and financial requirements (p-value=0.021) of telemedicine technology had a significant difference of 5% error rate with education level and orientation.
Conclusion: Due to barriers such as lack of video conferencing tools, the lack of high-speed broadband, and inadequate funding for the purchase and implementation of the necessary equipment, the studied hospitals currently were not able to provide telemedicine services.

Mapping the Scientific Structure of Medical and Laboratory Equipment Patents in USPTO database between 1984 and 2014
Maryam Emami, Nosrat Riahinia, Faramarz Soheili,
Volume 12, Issue 6 (3-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to analyze the co-occurrence of the terms of medical and laboratory equipment patents in the United States Patent and Trademark Office between 1984 and 2014.
Materials and Methods: This research was an applied study using scientometrics and co-word analyses. The statistical population of the present study included all patents of medical and laboratory equipment registered in the United States Patent and Trademark Office database between 1984 and 2014. As a result, a total of 13424 patents were retrieved.
Results: The results revealed that in terms of frequency, the keyword "Menstrual Fluid" and in terms of co-occurrence, two keywords (Menstrual Fluid and Magnetic Resonance Image Apparatus) were the most frequent ones in medical and laboratory equipment studies. The results of hierarchical clustering with "Ward's method" led to the formation of eight clusters in this area including the following: General Equipment, Rehabilitation Equipment, Dental Equipment, Therapeutic Equipment, Emergency Equipment, Laboratory Equipment, Diagnostic Equipment, and Medical Consumables.
Conclusion: The analysis of the co-occurrence of words revealed the scientific structure of medical and laboratory equipment well. Accordingly, the scientific issues were extracted and the relationship between them was discovered. The maps of co-word analysis showed several changes, sustainability of concepts, and terms related to this field of science.

Scientometric Study of SMA International Research Outputs
Somayeh Ghavidel, Nosrat Riahinia, Samira Daniali,
Volume 13, Issue 6 (2-2020)
Abstract
Background & Aim: studying scientific outputs by using scientific indices is a useful tool for understanding scientific research. The purpose of this study is to visualize the international research outputs of the SMA subject Area.
Materials & Method: This study is an applied one with an analytical approach and using scientometric indices. The population present in this study includes 4217 WOS records all in the SMA area from 1946 until the end of 2018. The MeSH have been used to identify keywords and Ravar PreMap software for words’ homogenization, VOSviewer, HistCite, and Excel used also.
Conclusion: Ninety-one countries involved in scientific production outputs of this subject area, were among the most influential countries in scientific collaboration. The USA has most of its collaborations with other countries. Of the 946 essential journals identified, HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS SMA has got the highest number of citations. Articles in SMA Subject Area with the total number of 6097 keywords have got the 1st rank, of which the “Spinal Muscular Atrophy” has got the highest frequency and the core subject among the nine influential countries. The total number of articles in this area is 8505. Worthy of mentioning, Iran with 58% of the total scientific output ranked nine on the list.
Results: The upward trend of SMA scientific research trend indicates the increasing importance of this area in the world. Due to the the international growth of research in this area and the importance of the participation of international research, researchers in our country should pay more attention to scientific cooperation.

Analysis of the Publication Process in the Field of Road Accidents and Injuries and Visualization of its Scientific Structure
Dr. Afshin Hamdipour, Hashem Atapour, Fatemeh Ghasemzadeh,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Road injuries are one of the most important public health problems and the leading cause of death and injury all over the world. The aim of this study is to investigate the trend of publication in the domain of road incidents and injuries and to visualize its scientific structure.
Materials and Methods: The present study is of scientometric type, its method is cross-sectional, and it was done during the period of 2005-2018. A total of 6563 records of road accidents and injuries were selected as the statistical population. The data collection tool was the Web of Science database and the HistCite software was used to visualize the scientific structure.
Results: The United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom ranked first to third with the production of 927, 700, and 651 documents, and the records of these three countries received 26373, 24447, and 23733 citations, respectively. Besides, the rank of road accidents and injuries for these countries were 89, 115, and 132, and the rate of casualties per 100,000 populations was equal to 10.6, 4.5, and 2.9. On the other hand, Libya, Thailand and Malawi (in South-Eastern Africa) are ranked first to third in the areas under study. The number of publications of these three countries was 5, 58 and 18, and their rank in document publications was 100, 34 and 65, respectively. 
Conclusion: The relationship between rank in publications and rank in road accidents was negative and significant; countries with higher publications had a lower rank in road accidents and injuries. This indicates an inverse relationship between the number of publications and the number of road injuries; This means that as the number of publications in this field increases, the rank in injuries will improve. It seems that one of the factors that may be effective in reducing injuries and road accidents is the serious intervention of researchers to conduct research in this area in order to raising awareness and create a traffic culture for citizens. 

Retrospective Analysis on the Development of the Program for Reforming the Structure of the Headquarters of Selected Medical Sciences Universities in Iran
Fatemeh Mohabati, Maryam Tajvar, Bahram Mohaghegh, Seyedpouria Hedayati, Mohammad Arab,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (10-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Reforming the structure of medical universities and its continuous adaptation to the mission of the organization and new functions is an undeniable necessity. The purpose of this article was to explain how to implement this policy.
Materials and Methods: The current qualitative study was conducted in 2020 retrospectively based on Kingdon’s multiple streams model. Data collection was done using two methods: individual interviews and document review. Sampling of the managers and experts of the administrative development and transformation centers of the Ministry of Health and 12 universities of Medical Sciences as well as vice-chancellors of the universities was done in a purposeful and snowball method until data saturation was reached by conducting 19 individual interviews. Data analysis were done with framework and content analysis methods, and using MAXQDA 2020 software.
Results: The low of structural problems included quantitative and qualitative changes in new tasks in the environmental units of universities, interference and parallel work in the tasks of university units, and bargainings for restructuring by universities. The policy low included the obligation to make structural changes in the upstream laws and documents, including the Fifth Development Plan, and the cooperation of all stakeholders. The political process included the implementation of the Health Transformation and the Family Physician Plan, and the support of relevant policymakers and the approval of the law of becoming a university trustee in the law of the fifth plan of economic development and also gaining the all-round support of the stakeholders.
Conclusion: The medical sciences universities, as the headquarters arm of the Ministry of Health at the provincial level, need to have flexible structure in line with the needs of their surrounding units. In luential context factors in policy-making the reform of the structure of the headquarters of universities/colleges, in addition to the stream of structural problems, the main of which was the change in the duties of the units, along with the political determination created in the Ministry of Health, led to the simultaneous occurrence of three streams of problems, Politics and politics and finally opening the window of opportunity and changing the structure and organization of the headquarters of medical sciences universities.

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