Showing 14 results for War
R Sharifian , M Ghazi Saedi ,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (12-2007)
Abstract
Background: In recent years lots have been done for hospital automation but this non harmonized actions leads to different software usage and entrance of different data into the system when partly is not useful . In this way, usage of soft wares in medical records specialty in the high loaded reception and recording will decrease defect in registration and storage of medical data. Using computerized system which cover applied soft wares could decrease many problems in medical data records. Any research in medical record area needs to be fed with data there fore it should be to use and evaluation of computerized systems.
Method: This cross sectional study was conducted in reception and recording department teaching hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Iran, using check list and direct collection of the data in the hospital. We used descriptive statistics tools to analysis the data.
Results: Specialized hospital and general hospital use computerized system for medical record with percents of 49.06% and 40.73% respectively .search of the input data and output data were considered as 66.7%.
Conclusion: The usage of automation in reception and recording departments of TUMS hospitals was low and even the operating system was not capable to register the patients data. Even though a few humble of systems in medical records awards were set which would be the source of some problems is saving and processing the data.
R Safdari , Mr Akbari , Sh Tofighi , M Moinolghorabaei , Gh Karami ,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (9-2009)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Today, psychological diseases like so many diseases, have an old history. Clinical Information System of psychological diseases resulting from war is a part of the information management system of mental illnesses, due to the management of mental patients from the war. This study is aimed to compare information management of psychological diseases in American, Australia and England with Iran.
Methods and Materials: This research is a study. At first, the existing situation was studied in three Psychiatric Centers in Ahvaz and Tehran with the use of a cheek list. Then information system of psychological disease has been studied in elected countries and based on the need of our own country, proposing practical solutions for Iran.
Results: The results of this study showed that there was no a information system of psychological disease in Iran. Also, four factors of this system including (goals, content structure, informational elements, information registration criteria) are reviewed in four selective countries.
Discussion and Conclusion: The design and implementation of this system in psychiatric centers is recommended to set two main goals including quality control and cost control in Iran.
Mahmoud Biglar , Peivand Bastani , Soudabeh Vatan Khah ,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (11-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Stewardship and delivery of health services are considered as the most important areas in the healthcare system of the Islamic Republic of Iran in 1404. This study was conducted to investigate the main challenges in medical education stewardship because of its importance in the management and leadership of education from the viewpoint of education process providers.
Materials and Methods: This qualitative research was conducted using thematic and framework analyses to obtain the collective view of faculty members of Medical Sciences Universities in Iran. The data were collected applying deep semi-structured interviews. To increase the acceptability of the study, four criteria of Lincoln and Gupta were used. Codes, categories and themes were extracted by expert researchers of qualitative studies who had no conflict of interests with the topic.
Results: Of the 24 faculty members interviewed, 7 were females and 17 were males. They comprised 5 full professors, 8 associate professors, 9 assistant professors and 2 lecturers. The findings of the interviews were categorized in three main lines of stewardship in health system in the form of main and sub themes so that there were 2, 2 and 5 main themes in each line, respectively.
Conclusion : Since many of the challenges extracted from the present interviews are considered as essential interventions for achieving the stewardship functions of health system -- and, as a result, medical education -- , it is important to pay more attention to these challenges and at the same time conduct more complete studies to get more practicable solutions to these problems.
Marjan Ghazi Saeedi , Reza Safdari, Abdoljalil Kalantar Hormozi , Leila Shahmoradi, Fatemeh Sadeghi,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (5-2014)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The applicability of any technology to enter a certain field is
determined by defining the advantages and disadvantages of the system in that
field. The aim of this study is to show the advantages and limitations of using
speech recognition systems in health care and providing practical solutions to
improve the acceptability of the system in that field.
Materials and
Methods: This is a descriptive
research with a review method that employs library resources and online
databases such as Proquest, Pubmed, Science Direct, Ovid and Scientific
Information databases using key words like speech recognition software, health
care, benefits, barriers, and solutions.
Results: Speech recognition
system has many advantages like increased accuracy of medical documentation,
and reduced documentation time. It is a tool for data entry into electronic
health records. However, there are several limitations in applying the system
in Iran, such as the lack of definition of database system and the high cost of
hardware and software.
Conclusion: Considering the study
results in relation to the benefits and limitations of systems in healthcare
area, solutions such as production of a national integrated database for the
exchange of health information, improving database to increase the accuracy of
word recognition, and training the users of the system can reduce the
limitations of the system to some extent. Also, in the country’s movement
towards the implementation of electronic health records and the users’ need to
enter data into the computer, the software is a good alternative to keyboard
and mouse input.
Marjan Ghazi Saeedi , Leila Shahmoradi, Safieh Ilati Khangholi, Mahdi Habibi-Koolaee ,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (7-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Computerized physician order entry system is the process of entering orders electronically. It is a replacement for manual system and is considered as a part of a clinical information system. The appropriate design of this system leads to the enhancement of its capabilities, ensures orders accurately and comprehensively, and transfers information to different parts rapidly. Therefore, transfer time and the error related to the wrong path or misinterpretations will be omitted; in the end, efficiency will increase. This study aims to present different perspectives on design principles of computerized physician order entry system for stakeholders.
Materials and Methods: In this review article, Google, Google Scholar, Pub Med, Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched with some keywords related to design principles of computerized physician order entry system.
Results: Based on the performed studies, factors such as inappropriate design of links, display page, set of orders content, drug database, structure of order environment, rules, formats, mechanism of getting reports of errors, and finally clinical decision support system have led to the decrease of doctors’ performance, increase of new errors, and reduction of patients’ safety.
Conclusion: Inappropriate design leads to the increase of new errors after the implementation of system; therefore, proper and principled design of this system can lead to the improvement of practitioners’ function, decrease of prescription errors and drug side effects, reduction of costs, efficiency increase, workflow
Azam Orooji , Mostafa Langarizadeh , Maryam Aghazadeh, Mehran Kamkarhaghighi, Marjan Ghazisaiedi , Fateme Moghbeli,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (11-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that has the ability of analyzing complex medical data. Using artificial intelligence is common in diagnosing, treating and taking care of patients. Warfarin is one of the most commonly prescribed oral anticoagulants. Determining the exact dose of warfarin needed for patients is one of the major challenges in the health system, which has attracted the attention of researchers. The purpose of this study was to determine the exact dose of warfarin needed for patients with artificial heart valves using artificial neural networks (ANN).
Materials and Methods: A total of 9 multi-layer perceptron ANNs with different structures were constructed and evaluated based on a dataset including 846 patients who had referred to the PT clinic in Tehran Heart Center in the second half of the year 2013. Finally, the best structure of ANN for warfarin dose was investigated. All simulations including data preprocessing and neural network designing were done in MATLAB environment.
Results: The effectiveness of ANNs was evaluated in terms of classification performance using 10-fold cross-validation procedure and the results showed that the best model was a network that had 7 neurons in its hidden layer with an average absolute error of 0.1, turbulence rate of 0.33, and regression of 0.87.
Conclusion: The achieved results reveal that ANNs are able to predict warfarin dose in Iranian patients with an artificial heart valve. Although no system can be guaranteed to achieve 100% accuracy, they can be effective in reducing medical errors.
Kaveh Nouhi Bezanjani, Hamdollah Manzari Tavakoli, Sanjar Salajeghe, Ayyub Sheikhi,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (5-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: This study was conducted due to the increasing importance of ethics in providing nursing care and also due to the role of nurses' moral intelligence in quality of care; meanwhile, the role of authentic leadership (AL) in enhancing the moral intelligence of nurses working in Kerman University of Medical Sciences hospitals was investigated.
Materials and Methods: This is a mixed methods research. In this study, after defining nurses’ moral intelligence model qualitatively, the relationship between nurses’ moral intelligence and authentic leadership (AL) was tested quantitatively.
In order to study authentic leadership, the AL standard questionnaire of Walumbwa & et al (2008) with a reliability of 0.917 was used; moreover, a researcher-made questionnaire was used for investigating moral intelligence with overall validity (81%) and reliability (0.961). The statistical population of the study consisted of 400 hospital nurses selected by stratified sampling method. SPSS20 and Amos24 software, and statistical methods of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis as well as structural equation modeling were used to analyze the research hypotheses.
Results: The results showed a positive and significant relationship between AL and moral intelligence of nurses (0.575). In addition, all components of AL, i. e., self-awareness (0.322), internalized moral perspective (0.360), relational transparency (0.408), balanced processing (0.394) showed a positive and significant relationship with moral intelligence.
Conclusion: Applying suitable strategies for enhancing moral intelligence of nurses and improving the quality of nursing care can have a positive effect on the quality of services. The AL in the hospitals' nursing system is one of the most suitable ways for developing the moral intelligence of nurses.
Samira Daniali, Nosrat Riahi,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (10-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The purpose of the present study is to map the coronavirus domain citation network to better understand this domain based on all other citation networks.
Materials and Methods: The present study is applied in terms of purpose, and is descriptive scientometrics in terms of type, which has been done with the all-citation method. In this study, all scientific publications on coronavirus(6980 documents) in the period 1985-2019 AD were studied on April 10, 2020 in the Web of Science database. For analysis and drawing all citation maps, VOSviewer and Excel software were used.
Results: In the field of coronavirus, 6815 documents, 10246 journals, and 40298 authors were identified. Ksiazek(2003) with the acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) topic received 875 citations and won the first place. The most cited documents in the field of coronavirus have 5 clusters; and the first cluster with 201 documents and with the topic of studying the structure of coronavirus is the largest one. Journal of Virology -- with the thematic range of genome structure and replication, virus identification, etc. -- ranked first with 35,383 citations. The most cited journals in the field of coronavirus are 5 thematic clusters, and the first one is the largest cluster with 121 journals and with the thematic domains of health policy, coronavirus, etc. Also, Woo won PCY first place with his specialization in identifying new microbes and emerging infectious diseases, and receiving 1491 citations. The most cited authors in the field of corona virus are in 6 thematic clusters; the first cluster with 195 authors in specialized field of virology and coronavirus is the largest cluster.
Conclusion: By identifying the highly cited scientific products in the field of coronavirus, efforts have been made to provide a comprehensive view of top documents, top journals, and top authors so that it can be a decision-making tool in the shortest possible time.
Mohammad Zarbi, Reza Safdari, Nahid Einollahi,
Volume 14, Issue 6 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Medical diagnostic laboratories are among the most important centers in the treatment cycle of patients. Today, the conscious choice of such laboratories is one of the challenges that patients face in the treatment process. This study was conducted with the aim of improving the knowledge of software users in the field of laboratory sciences and also facilitating the conscious and intelligent selection of the laboratory required by users.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-developmental research with an applied approach. The steps consisted of library studies, questionnaire-based needs assessment, collection of knowledge and identity data, design through drawing UML diagrams, implementation using Java programming language, and software evaluation.
Results: A comprehensive system of laboratory information and experiments can be performed in all laboratories in Tehran, based on factors such as location access, types of laboratories and types of tests, a system was designed that allows users to access the most appropriate laboratory centers with high speed and less mobility, sufficient information, and in accordance with their needs. The evaluation was done using a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. The target population consisted of eleven specialists and forty ordinary users. According to the Likert criterion, the results obtained from the answers of all participants in the study to the questions of the questionnaire were higher than 4.05.
Conclusion: The software showed that the factors that had priority in the need assessment significantly increased user satisfaction and also provided ease of use of laboratory services in accordance with users' needs.
Sharareh Mirsaeidi Farahani, Ahmad Vedadi, Ali Rezaeian,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Due to the importance and position of the health sector in society and consideration of industry 4.0 during these days, we witness an increase in the spread of state-of-the-art (smart) technologies in various fields, on one hand, and an evolutionary development by integrating healthcare and technology, on the other hand. Thus, the application of smart technologies can help to overcome many of the healthcare sector limitations. This study aimed to propose an appropriate model for deploying smart services in the Iranian healthcare system.
Material and Methods: This was a qualitative research study based on thematic analysis in 2020. The required data were extracted by literature review and expert interviews. A sample of 15 experts were selected using purposive sampling. Sampling was continued until full data saturation was reached. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The interviews were implemented and analyzed in MAXQDA. Finally, a qualitative method was developed.
Results: Based on the findings of this research, 202 open codes were extracted and 23 basic themes (sub- themes) were identified to design the model of deployment smart services in the Iranian health sector which categorized in seven organizing themes (main themes) consist deployment planning, execution management, task organization frame work, national preparedness, stage-setting, organizational interventions, and resistance management. Then, according to the above themes, the thematic model was provided which has a suitable model fitness (IFI: 0.934, NFI: 0.959, RMSEA: 0.080).
Conclusion: Providing the model for deploying smart health care and use of these technologies help to significantly improve the quality of health services, improve access to these services, reduce costs and thus improve health of society.
Hossein Dargahi, Farugh Nomani, Mohammad Rahim Ghohestani,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Managers’ sufficient awareness about rules and regulations and the legal issues of health system may lead to their optimal performance in organizations. Therefore, this study is conducted to determine senior managers’ level of knowledge about legal rules and regulations related to the health system in Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS).
Materials and Methods: The present descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017. The sample consisted of 75 senior managers. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose face validity was confirmed using the opinions of 7 specialists and experts in the field of medical law, health care and medical services management; besides, regarding its reliability, Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability coefficients were 0.89 and 0.79, respectively. With SPSS software, data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics including absolute and relative frequency and inferential statistics including Pearson and Ka-square correlation tests.
Results: The level of knowledge of the studied managers was below average in most legal areas and legal standards related to the health system. There was a significant inverse relationship between the level of knowledge of organizational, financial and transactional areas, and administrative and employment of managers with passing relevant training courses (P=0.01 and P=0.04).
Conclusion: TUMS senior managers' level of knowledge in the three areas of organizational, financial, and rules and regulations is at medium and lower than medium levels. To raise the awareness of managers, necessary arrangements such as holding training courses with new methods such as simulation, screenwriting, case study and experimentation and using new technologies such as hybrid knowledge management and technology integration are suggested. Also, creating managers' strategic competency system at the levels of general and specific skills, along with continuous training and monitoring the accountability and feedback provided in management processes, will ensure future reforms.
Seyyedeh Fatemeh Mousavi Baigi, Reyhaneh Norouzi Aval, Masoumeh Sarbaz, Khalil Kimiafar,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Proficiency in medical terminology is a basic competency of most medical students, which ensures communication with other healthcare providers. Facing the lack of motivation and involvement of students, applications, and games based on smartphones are considered as a possible educational option. Due to the rapid expansion of these applications, a correct evaluation of their quality is often not provided. This study investigated and evaluated the quality of smartphone applications and games for teaching medical terminology.
Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted in August 2024, in the official stores of Bazaar and Google Play applications. The two main keywords “medical terminology” and “medical vocabulary” were searched in Persian and English. Two evaluators independently downloaded and evaluated smartphone-based applications and games for teaching medical terminology. The same checklist was used for data extraction. The quality of apps was measured using the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS). The points of each section, the final score of the retrieved applications, and the mean and standard deviation were obtained.
Results: In total, eighteen programs were included in this study, four of which were games. The average quality of the programs was between 2.70 and 4.30 (average 3.80) on a scale from 1 (inadequate) to 5 (excellent). The best scores are in performance (mean: 3.91), followed by information quality (mean: 3.15). Aesthetics (mean: 2.56) and mental quality of the program (mean: 2.58) had the lowest scores. Two applications offered data privacy, and four had privacy statements. The game ‘Dean Vaughn’ and the application ‘MediTerm’ received the highest overall scores.
Conclusion: This study provides an analysis and description of smartphone-based applications and games for teaching medical terminology to help students and users choose high-quality applications that suit their needs and tastes, and on the other hand, it provides the possibility of identifying research and operational gaps to strengthen and design more effective and better applications for the developers of these applications. The applications evaluated were generally of good overall quality, particularly in terms of functionality and information. However, some applications need to improve aspects such as aesthetics and subjective quality to increase their impact on users and ensure better security and privacy.
Samira Sadat Pourhosseini, Nozar Nakhaee, Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Reyhane Saljooghinejad,
Volume 18, Issue 6 (2-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Social emergency is intervention programs aimed at preventing social problems by managing social crises. Public awareness of this program plays a crucial role in mitigating such problems. This study aimed to assess the level of public awareness and practice regarding social emergency services.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2023 using an online questionnaire and convenience sampling. A total of 706 urban residents of Kerman participated. The data collection tool comprised four sections: demographic information, awareness of social emergency services, awareness of examples of social problems, and practice when encountering social problems.
Results: The mean age of respondents was 36 years, and the majority (70.3%) were women. Regarding awareness, 71% of participants had poor knowledge of social emergency, and 86.7% demonstrated poor awareness of examples of social problems. Additionally, 44.2% exhibited inadequate practice when encountering social problems. The logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between awareness of social emergency services and both performance and higher education. Individuals with adequate awareness exhibited, on average, 2.28 times better performance than those with inadequate awareness. Similarly, individuals with higher education had, on average, 3.68 times better awareness as compared to those with less than a high school diploma. A significant relationship was also found between awareness of social problems indicators and marital status. Married individuals demonstrated, on average, 0.56 times lower awareness as compared to single individuals. Furthermore, gender and education level were significantly associated with performance. Men’s performance levels were, on average, 1.42 times better than women’s. Additionally, individuals with university and high school education exhibited, on average, 4.22 and 3.47 times better performance, respectively, than those with less than a high school diploma.
Conclusion: Given the poor public awareness of social emergency, there is an urgent need for programs aimed at raising awareness about social problems and the role of social emergency in supporting victims.
Afzzal Shamsi, Fatemeh Sheikh Shoaei, Parya Amiri,
Volume 19, Issue 6 (3-2026)
Abstract
Background and Aim: War is an inseparable part of human history that brings many problems. Self-care plays a major role in reducing complications and mortality. The purpose of this study is to “familiarize war casualties with self-care immediately after injury.”
Materials and Methods: In this study, a narrative review of library resources and searching of internal and external databases related to the purpose of the study was used. Then, articles, books, dissertations, and other scientific resources related to the subject were examined.
Results: In wartime conditions, a set of clinical problems leads to the deterioration of casualties’ conditions. One of the most important factors influencing self-care during wars is having sufficient awareness and knowledge in first aid, which requires the development of integrated approaches for first aid content. Other factors include identifying and eliminating threatening factors; quickly stopping the damaging agent; immediate contact with rescuers; maintaining an open airway; general self-assessment and temporary control of external bleeding; more thorough examination to identify signs of injury and life-threatening conditions; monitoring status (consciousness, breathing, circulation) and psychological self-support; and ambulance transfer to medical centers.
Conclusion: To have a successful and effective self-care program for war casualties, first aid training specific to war crises should be provided to members of the community. Control of extensive bleeding, airway protection, wound dressing, pain control, and psychological self-support should be included in self-care programs. Accordingly, basic planning by relevant authorities, especially the health system, is recommended to increase the level of awareness and knowledge of self-care among members of the community in war crises.
