Background & Objectives: Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection transmitted from animals to humans by the ingestion of infected food products, direct contact with an infected animal or inhalation of aerosols. This study aimed to describe the trend and to assess the effect of livestock vaccination rates on reported brucellosis in human across Iran.
Methods: Trends in the epidemiology of human and animal brucellosis in Iran were investigated by analyzing national surveillance data between 1991 till 2008.
Results: The average annual incidence of human brucellosis was 43.24 per100000 population. On average, approximately 27500 new cases have been reported in the country. There was a fall in the incidence rate of Brucellosis over recent years(r=-0.79, P<0.001). In different provinces there was a significant association between the annual incidence of human brucellosis and the annual infection rate of sheep and goats
(r =0.347, P<0.001), the annual incidence of human brucellosis and the annual infection rate of cattle (r =0.327, P<0.001) and the annual incidence of human brucellosis and the percentage of vaccinated cows (r=0.098, P=0.031).
Conclusion: As the prevalence of human brucellosis depends closely with the prevalence of brucellosis in animals, control of the disease in human population needs the cooperation between different public health organizations.

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