Osteodistraction is a technique for increasing the length of bone in order to form new bone by using  natural bone healing mechanism of the body. In general,  Osteotomy surgery ( corticotomy) is done in the place which bone lengthening is needed. Then an external fixator  is installed that is continuously lengthened and forms new bone at the same time.  Distraction biology, Indications and contraindications in maxillofacial region and different methods of it is discussed in current article.