Showing 30 results for Abedi
Al Yasin A, Abedi Asl J, Aghahoseini M, Khademi A ,
Volume 60, Issue 4 (15 2002)
Abstract
Background: The preeclampsia/eclampsia is one of the most serious condition peculiar to pregnancy, which defined as occurrence of hypertension, proteinuria in pregnancy and convulsion in eclamptic women. There are major risk for eclamptic and pre eclamptic women due to maternal and fetal complications.
Materials and Methods: In a prospective study, preeclamptic and eclamptic patients who were visited at Shariati hospital were divided into two groups due to having proper prenatal care or not. Maternal and fetal complication were studied in that two group. Maternal variables were included: incidence of preterm labor, eclampsia, mode of delivery, long term hospitalization, need for ICU, need to antihypertensive drugs over postportum, insistence of hypertension up to 6 weeks, postpartum trombocytosis, incidence of cesarean section due to abruptio placenta and IUGR, elevation of serum creatinine, incidence of HELLP syndrome and death of mother fetal variables were included incidence of IUGR and IUFD, pre term delivery and for need NICU. Relationship of demographic characteristics such as maternal age, parity, educational level, mode of delivery, presence of underlying disease, and educational level of person who referred the patient were studied.
Results: These variables except of educational level, and referral level were there was statistically significant difference between incidence of all of variables, in exception of mode of delivery. That means incidence of complications is lower in group with adequate prenatal care. Conclusion: It seems that adequate pernatal care can reduce or obligate maternal and fetal complication in hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.
Mikaeili J, Sotoodeh M, Derakhshan M H, Yazdanbod A, Abedi Ardakani B, Nooraei S M, Farh Vash M J, Malek Zadeh R,
Volume 62, Issue 3 (11 2004)
Abstract
Background: Many recent studies have examined potential risk factors of H. pylori gastritis to improve our understanding of the early events in gastric carcinogenesis. We evaluated the extent and topography of chronic gastritis in a high risk area for gastric cardia cancer and investigated the critical role of H.pylori, risk index and age in its pathogenesis.
Materials and Methods: During a national population-based endoscopic survey, we enrolled 508 participants aged ≥40 from urban and rural areas of Meshkin-Shahr, Ardebil province of Iran. After informed consent, all underwent complete upper GI endoscopy. At least one mucosal biopsy was obtained from 6 standard sites: three of antrum (sites 1, 2, 3), two of corpus (sites 4, 5) and one of cardia (site 6). Severity, activity and combined inflammatory scores (CIS) of chronic gastritis and H.pylori infection status were assessed according to modified Sydney Classification of Gastritis. Statistical effects of H.pylori, age, gender, and residency place on mean gastritis severity, activity and CIS were separately calculated in each site.
Results: Total of 508 participants with mean age (±SD) of 54.6(±SD) were enrolled. 234(46.1%) were male and 274(53.9%) were female. Histologically 80.5% of cases were H.pylori positive. Mean activity scores of all sites except for site 5 are significantly (P<0.01) higher in H.pylori + cases. Mean CIS of all sites was significantly (P<0.01) higher in H.pylori + patients. In 44% of infected subjects, CIS of the corpus was at least equally as severe as that in antrum. Also in 54% of H.pylori + cases, cardia’s CIS was ≥ than antral CIS. Age had a significant (P<0.01) negative relationship with CIS of antral site, but this relationship in cardia was positive and more potent.
Conclusion: H.pylori is the main cause of gastritis activity in all sites of stomach this causality is more potent in antrum and cardia. Continuous cardia inflammation in advanced age may contribute to high incidence of gastric cardia cancer in this region.
Ramezanzadeh F, Noorbala Aa, Malak Afzali H, Abedinia N, Rahimi A, Shariet M, Rashidi B, Tehraninajad A, Sohravand F, Bagheri M,
Volume 65, Issue 8 (3 2007)
Abstract
Background: Considering the psycho-social model of diseases, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of psychiatric intervention on the pregnancy rate of infertile couples.
Methods: In a randomized clinical trial, 638 infertile patients referred to a university infertility clinic were evaluated. Among them, 140 couples with different levels of depression in at least one of the spouses were included in this substudy. These couples were divided randomly into two groups. The patients in the case group received 6-8 sessions of psychotherapy before starting infertility treatment and were given fluoxetine 20-60 mg per day during the same period. The control group did not receive any intervention. Three questionnaires including the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Holmes-Rahe stress scale and a socio-demographic questionnaire were applied for all patients. The clinical pregnancy rates of the two groups, based on sonographic detection of the gestational sac six weeks after LMP, were compared. The data were analyzed by paired-T test, T-test, χ2 and the logistic regression method.
Results: The pregnancy rate was 47.1% in the case group and 7.1% in the control group. The pregnancy rate was significantly related to the duration and cause of infertility and the level of stress in both groups (p< 0.001). The pregnancy rate was shown to be higher in couples in which the male has a secondary level of education (p< 0.001).
Conclusions: Psychiatric interventions greatly improve pregnancy rates, and it is therefore crucial to mandate psychiatric counseling in all fertility centers in order to diagnose and treat infertile patients with psychiatric disorders and help couples deal with stress.
Hakim Shooshtray M, Panaghy L, Hajebi A, Abedi Sh,
Volume 66, Issue 3 (2 2008)
Abstract
Background: The aim of this survey is to compare the emotional and behavioral problems of children with only one parent versus those from two-parent families. We analyzed behavioral problems such as aggression, delinquency and socialization issues, as well as emotional problems such as depression, anxiety, and somatic complaints.
Methods: Using a multi-stage cluster sampling, 10 of the 20 geographic regions covered by Imam Khomeini Charity were selected. Using systematic random sampling, 460 families with children aged 4-18 years were selected. All children were evaluated using the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL) to determine behavioral and emotional problems. Logistic regression tests were conducted to measure the effects variables, including age, gender, number of parents in the family, psychiatric history of each child and history of parental psychiatric treatment, on the internalizing, externalizing and total CBCL scores. A cut-off score of 64 was used to convert raw scores.
Results: No differences were observed in CBCL subscales between single-parent children vs. children of two-parent families.
Conclusion: Regarding the two-parent families among the study population, the results could not be generalized. As these families have qualified for assistance, the father cannot manage the family because of his disability, such as physical or mental problems. This minimizes the effect of having a father in a two-parent family, rendering them similar to single-parent families. Thus, differences were not observed between the two types of families. Further studies are necessary to compare single-parent families with two-parent families among the community.
Hoseinkhan Z, Taghizadeh Imani A, Abedini Gh, Naghibi T, Shamloo N, Abedini N, Maleki A,
Volume 66, Issue 10 (4 2009)
Abstract
Background: Pain associated with IV injection of propofol is seen in 28 to 90% of patients. A number of techniques have been tried to minimize propofol-induced pain, with variable results. We compared the efficacy of pretreatment with ephedrine and lidocaine for the prevention of propofol-induced pain.
Methods: One hundred and twenty adult patients, ASA physical status I-II, undergoing elective surgery were randomly assigned into six groups (20 each). Normal saline group received normal saline, lidocaine group received lidocaine 2% (40 mg), and ephedrine (E 30) group received 30 µg/kg ephedrine, ephedrine (E 70) group received 70 µg/kg ephedrine, ephedrine (E 100) group received 100 µg/kg ephedrine, ephedrine (E 150) group received 150 µg/kg ephedrine. All pretreatment drugs were made in two mL. Pain was assessed by a 100-point scale of visual analogue (VAS) (0= no pain, 100= the most severe pain) and (VRS) verbal rating scale at the time of propofol injection. Noninvasive mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and HR were recorded before induction, just before intubation, and 1, 2, and 3 min after intubation, respectively.
Results: The mean of pain scorel during propofol injection was significantly more in Normal Saline group compared to lidocaine and ephedrine (E30, E70, E100, E150) groups but there was no significant difference between lidocaine and ephedrine (E30, E70, E100, E150) groups (80.9vs 59.6 and 56.2, 51.05, 52.8, 57.45) Kruskal- wallis P=0.009. The incidence of pain was also significantly more in Normal Saline group compared to lidocaine group and ephedrine's groups but there was no significant difference between lidocaine and different dose levels of ephedrine. A small dose of ephedrine (30 and 70 µg/kg) could prevent propofol induced pain before intubation and did not produce significant hemodynamic changes compared with the other groups after intubation.
Conclusions: Pretreatment with ephedrine (specially low dose) effectively attenuated pain intensity, and frequency with propofol injection without undesired complications.
Partoazar A, Ghazi Khansari M, Abedi Mh, Kaviani M, Norashrafeddin Sm, Basiri Mr, Talebi M,
Volume 67, Issue 3 (5 2009)
Abstract
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Background: Cancer prevention besides detection and
treatment has a very important role in control of cancer disease. Since some
chemical compounds that are used in laboratories, especially in pathology laboratory are potentially mutagens, lab assistances
that are working with chemicals such as Benzene, Xylazine and Formaldehyde for
long period of time may be exposed to overload of these carcinogens. Therefore,
it is necessary to use an indicator for detecting these occupational exposures.
Ames test
has been recommended in biomonitoring of environment that has high risk
carcinogenicity characteristic.
Methods: A total of fifty seven urine samples of
forensic medicine laboratory personnel's were extracted by C18 column and then tested by TA100 and TA98 standard strains of Ames assay. Each sample was analyzed
with and without activator to detect mutagen and promutagen materials.
Results: Levels of mutagenicity were found by TA98 strain without activator in one case as well as with
activator in two cases of urine samples of pathology laboratory personnel's.
These cases were working in laboratory
for long time in all of the workdays.
Conclusion: Personnel's working in pathology laboratories may
have greater risk of cancer and should be take care from these occupational
exposures.
Eshraghi S, Salehipour Z, Pourmand Mr, Rahimi Forushani A, Zahraei Salehi Mt, Agha Amiri S, Bakhtyari R, Abedi Mohtasab Tp, Mardani N, Seyed Amiri S, Soltan Dallal Mm,
Volume 67, Issue 7 (7 2009)
Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a major foodborne pathogen throughout the world. Enterotoxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 are important virulence factors and as pyrogenic toxin superantigens have profound effects on the ir host. Thus circulation of TSST1 producing S.aureus among people and food chain is a worrying issue. The present paper was conducted to study Prevalence of tst, entC, entA and entA/C genes in staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from different foods.
Methods: Over 1040 food samples have been analyzed differentially according to Iran national standard (number= 1194) for S.aureus identification. After DNA extraction, PCR reactions were carried out by reference strain as positive control, adequate primers.
Results: At present study, prevalence of foodstuffs contaminated by S.aureus isolates was about 9.5% (100 strains). Of 25% of isolates producing entC, 28% (seven strains) had tst gene at the same time and of 8% of isolates producing entA, 12.5% (one strain) were positive for tst genes simultaneously. Altogether of 9% isolates producing combination of entC and entA, 44.4% (four strains) were also producer of tst gene.
Conclusion: Prevalence of TSST1 producing strains in combination with enterotoxin genes is considerable especially with entC and A plus C. On the other hand, circulation of these isolates in humans, animals, foods and environment has hazardous effect for general public health.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Yazdi Mh, Hassan Zm, Holakuyee M, Abedi Mohtasab Tp, Aminharaty F, Agha Amiri S, Mahdavi M,
Volume 67, Issue 11 (4 2010)
Abstract
Background: In according to immunomodulatory effect of probiotics and effect of these bacteria on the effectiveness of immune responses, at the present work we proposed the evaluation of oral administration of L.acidophilus on the immune statues in BALB/c mice bearing breast cancer.
Methods: A total of 30 In-bred BALB/c mices aged from six to eight weeks weighting 25-30g were randomly enrolled in our study, in two groups each consist of 15 mices. The L.acidophilus ATCC4356 strain used in this study was inoculated in MRS broth and cultivated for a day at 37°C under anaerobic conditions, collected by centrifugation and resuspend in Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS). After preparation of proper amount of these suspensions it was orally administered to the mice with a gastric feeding, Control mices received an equal volume of PBS in duration of study.
Results: Results showed the increase in production of IFnγ (p<0.005), and decrease in production of Th2 cytokines such as IL4 (p=0.347) in the L.acidophilus administered mice in comparison to control group of mice. In addition the proliferation of immune cells in probiotic group was significantly higher than controls, and most importantly probiotic administered mice showed an increase in survival rate of this group compared to control mice (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Results of our study suggested that daily consumption of Lactobacillus acidophilus can regulate immune responses skewed Th1 balance that is needed against tumor, further studies is needed to investigate the other mechanisms of this effect.
Jeivad F, Abediankenari S, Shokrzadeh M, Ghasemi M, Taghvaei T, Ansari Z, Najafi Fard M, Hassannia H, Sayiari Mazandarani M, Biranvand E,
Volume 69, Issue 10 (5 2012)
Abstract
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Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common diseases of digestive
system with a low 5-year survival rate and metastasis is the main cause of death. Multi-factors,
such as changes in molecular pathways and deregulation of cells are involved in
the disease development. Epidermal growth factor receptor pathway (EGFR) which is associated with cell
proliferation and survival can influence cancer development. EGFR function is governed by its
genetic polymorphism thus, we aimed to study the tyrosine kinase domain gene
mutations of the receptor in patients with gastric cancer.
Methods : In this experimental study, 123 subjects (83 patients with gastric cancer and 40
normal subjects) were investigated in
north of Iran for EGFR gene polymorphisms during 1 year. Genomic DNA was extracted by DNA extraction kit according to the manufacture's protocol. Polymerase
chain reaction single-stranded conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and silver staining
were performed for investigating EGFR gene polymorphisms.
Results : The participants included 72 men and 44 women. Gene polymorphism in exon 18 was present in 10% of the study population but SSCP pattern in exon 19 did not show different migrate bands neither in patients nor in
normal subjects.
Conclusion: It seems that
screening for tyrosine kinas gene polymorphism of epidermal growth factor receptor
in patients with gastric cancer and use of tyrosine kinas inhibitors could be useful
in the prevention of disease progress and improvement of treatment process for
a better quality of life in these patients.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Mokarrari S, Yazdi Mh, Paymaneh Abedi Mohtasab T, Shirazi L, Mahdavi M,
Volume 70, Issue 1 (3 2012)
Abstract
Background: Regarding the immunomodulatory effects of lactobacillus bacteria, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus reuteri, as probiotic bacteria, on natural killer cell cytotoxicity and tumor-specific lymphocyte proliferation in Balb/c mice with breast adenocarcinoma.
Methods: A total of 30 female mice, aged 6- 8 weeks and with a weight of approximately 17- 19 g, were randomly divided into two groups of 15 mice. The case group received Lactobacillus reuteri at a dose of 2.7× 108 bacteria in half a milliliter of sterile phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and the control group only received PBS. The probiotic group received the regimen for two weeks prior to tumor transplantation, as they did for 30 days after transplantation with three-day intervals and durations of seven days. For the evaluation of natural killer cell cytotoxicity and also tumor-specific lymphocyte proliferation response, LDH and BrdU assays were performed respectively according to the manufacturers' instructions.
Results: The study showed that the mice in the case group which were receiving Lactobacillus reuteri had statistically significant differences in the replication of tumor -specific lymphocytes, natural killer cell cytotoxicity and delayed hypersensitivity responses Compared to the mice in the control group.
Conclusion: Daily consumption of probiotics seems to regulate the immune system and consequently it can be helpful in people with cancer. Moreover, consumption of probiotics in healthy individuals can also boost the efficiency of the immune system against a variety of abnormalities.
Biranvand E, Abediankenari S, Khalilian A, Biranvand B,
Volume 70, Issue 5 (5 2012)
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis is one of the most important diseases with annually 8 million new cases worldwide. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) infection.
Methods: In this descriptive study performed in Health center of Maznadaran province during 2010-2011, 183 patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB infection were recruited. After measuring fasting blood sugar, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies, history of smoking was taken by using a questionnaire.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 46.8±19.8 years. The most common risk factor was diabetes and the lowest was HIV infection. Moreover, the prevalence of diabetes in women compared with that of men (OR=0.19, 95% CI=0.07±0.46) and smoking in men compared with women (OR=12.4, 95% CI=2.8±54.4, P<0.05) had statistically significant differences (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this research show that diabetes and smoking could be risk factors for tuberculosis infection. It is concluded that, in case of respiratory symptoms in patients with diabetes and smoking, tuberculosis can be considered as an important differential diagnosis.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Shirazi L, Yazdi Mh, Mahdavi M, Mokarrari S, Rahimi Forushani A, Ghasemi B, Peymaneh Abedi Mohtasab T,
Volume 70, Issue 11 (3 2013)
Abstract
Background: Several reports indicate that the probiotics can increase body resistance against malignant tumors. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Lactobaci-llus reuteri Persian type culture collection (PTCC) 1655 in preventing tumor growth, improving weight and survival rate in mice with breast cancer.
Methods: Twenty mice, the BALB/c at six weeks age, weighing approximately 17 gram were divided into two groups. Oral administration of 500 micro liters of Lactobacillus reuteri suspension performed for the first group 14 days before tumor transplantation. The second group (control) received the same volume of phosphate buffer saline (PBS). Then the mice had tumor transplantation surgery. Lactobacillus reuteri was prescribed in the first group in seven-day period and three-day interruption pattern. At the same time the second group (control) received PBS. This process was continued until 45 day. The tumor growth, histology and body weight were evaluated in both group and the mortality of mice was recorded.
Results: In the mice transplanted tumors that had received probiotics, tumor growth decreased in comparison with control group. In this group the body weight increased (P>0/05). In addition, the survival of these mice had significantly increased compared to control group (P=0.002). The evaluation of tumor tissue also showed increased immune system function in mice receiving the probiotic (P>0/05).
Conclusion: Lactobacillus reuteri can improve immune system function and have an important role to help treatment of cancer.
Saeid Abediankenari, Mohammad Shokrzadeh, Hamed Haghi Aminjan, Nafiseh Nasri, Ahad Alizadeh,
Volume 71, Issue 8 (November 2013)
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer is the most prevalent cancer with poor survival in gastrointestinal tract. Caspase 3 and 9 play an important role in the development and progression of cancer. Polymorphisms in the genes for these enzymes can affect gene activity and thus may influence susceptibility to gastric cancer. In this study, caspase 3 and 9 genes polymorphisms in patients with gastric cancer were examined.
Methods: In a case - control study, 100 patients with gastric cancer and 100 healthy individuals were evaluated in the region rs4647601: G> T for caspase-3 and -1263 A> G gene promoter for caspase 9. DNA extraction was performed from whole blood according to manufacture protocol. RFLP-PCR method was carrying out for detection of caspase 3 and 9 genes genotype in two groups.
Results: In this study, 143 men and 57 women were evaluated. All of them were selected from the same race and geographical area. The results indicated an increase of the mutant G allele in the control group, which leads to a decreasing in the incidence of gastric cancer (P<0.0001, OR: 0.096, (%0.95CL) =0.04-0.23).
Conclusion: It seems that screening of -1263 A> caspase 9 polymorphism could be a useful marker in personal sensitivity to gastric cancer and help to cancer treatment and prevention process. It is concluded that caspase gene variation may be a diagnostic factor in the gastric cancer.
Masomeh Abedini , Nahid Ghotbi , Navid Hadavi , Delnia Chavoshi , Nahid Asgharian ,
Volume 71, Issue 10 (January 2014)
Abstract
Background: Nosocomial infection is one of the major causes of death in neonates. In recent years, the results of nosocomial infection control committee, which carried out, based on a protocol of National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) is not consistent with neonatal review articles. This study was performed to determine the prevalence and incidence of nosocomial infection with an active, prospective method based on definitions and characteristics of Center for Disease Control and prevention (CDC) and comparing it with routine method of NNIS.
Methods: This cross-sectional and prospective study was independent from Beasat Hospital nosocomial infection control committee and preformed by daily active visiting of neonatal ward (that is level-II) for six month period. The results of this study were compared with the results of the NNIS committee of nosocomial infection. Collected data were statistically analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: From all hospitalized neonates, 369 cases (1292 patients / day) were enrolled in the study. The overall rate of nosocomial infection (frequency) was 2.71% and the overall incidence of nosocomial infection was 7.73 cases per 1,000 patients / day. The most common nosocomial infection in this study was skin and soft tissue infections totally 50%. The incidence of Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection (CLA-BSI) was 14.2 per 1000 central catheter/day for the six months of study. Nosocomial infection rate preformed by Beasat Hospital nosocomial infection control committee (based on NNIS) was 0.1 % and incidence of nosocomial infection 0.3 per 1,000 patients/ day at the same 6 month study.
Conclusion: It seems that a large part of this considerable differences between the results of this study compared to NNIS based study, is this fact that, for nosocomial infection surveillance in the neonatal field, the presence of a specialist as a performer and leader of the team, is necessary.
Nayereh Alizadeh , Saeid Abediankenari , Ghasem Janbabaei , Hossein Karami , Ahad Alizadeh ,
Volume 72, Issue 1 (April 2014)
Abstract
Background: Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disorder characterized by a low platelet count because of anti platelet auto-antibodies. ITP patients have auto antibodies against platelet antigens. T CD4+ lymphocytes are effective cells in immune system that has an important role in auto reactive antibody production and class switching. The pathophisiology and mechanism of ITP is complex and unknown. Numerous studies have difference results about role of T cells in ITP patients. T lymphocytes have been characterized to different subsets. To further investigate about the pathogenesis of ITP, we studied the role of T CD4+ cells and cytokines attributed with platelet count. Therefore, in this research, we evaluated T CD4+ lymphocytes count and interleukin 17 (IL-17), interleukin 11 (IL-11) levels in ITP in comparison with control.
Methods: In a case-control study, we have studied 60 patients with ITP and 50 normal individuals as the control group. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by ficoll histopaque 1.077. T CD4+ cells count in ITP patients and control subjects were studied by flow cytometry method and serum interleukin 17 (IL-17), interleukin 11 (IL-11) concentration were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. All data were expressed as mean±SD. Differences between means were considered significant at the P< 0.05. Tests were performed using SPSS software version 16.
Results: This study showed, T CD4+ cells and plasma IL-17 concentration were not significantly different between patients with ITP and the control group. But plasma IL-11 levels were significantly increased in immune thrombocytopenic purpura patients in comparison with controls (P= 0.031).
Conclusion: In summary, our study indicated a role of IL-11 in ITP patients, also showed that ITP may not be associated with changes of plasma IL-17 levels and T CD4+ cells count relative to control population. Therefore, measurement of plasma IL-11 levels may be important criteria in development of ITP. In addition, it is concluded that determination of IL-11 can be a diagnostic marker to recognize thrombocytopenic purpura patients.
Seyed Shahabedin Sadr , Mohammad Hassan Ghadyani , Shokroallah Avish , Tayeb Ramim ,
Volume 72, Issue 5 (August 2014)
Abstract
Background: Identify the causes of complaints and contributing factors may reduce medical litigation. The aim of this study was to assess the cases of complaints in the field of psychiatric.
Methods: This study was done in retrospective cross-sectional study method. We inves-tigated 27 cases of medical malpractice in the field of psychiatry that registered in higher disciplinary board of the Medical Council of Iran, from 2001 to 2010. We calcu-lated the absolute and relative frequency of variables after collecting all data and calculated the difference between malpractice and exculpation cases based on physicians profile by Pearson's chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test. P< 0.05 was considered as statistically significant difference.
Results: The 24 people who died and their families protested against psychiatrist were enrolled in this study. Demographic information and other characteristics of the cases were collected. All participants had been men. Seventeen of 24 cases (70.84%) were in 30-50 year old group and seven of 24 cases (29.16%) were in > 50 year old group. The most common types of negligence were related to disregarding of governmental provi-sions (40%). The age, expertise and place of medical activities were variables that dif-ferent significantly between negligence and non-negligence groups (P< 0.05). The re-sults of the study showed eight cases of 24 cases (33%) in the lower board, nine cases of 24 cases (37.5%) in the appeals board and eight cases of 24 cases (33%) in the higher disciplinary board were acquitted.
Conclusion: Based on the study findings, it appears that age, expertise and activity place are factors that can be effective in reducing malpractice in psychiatry.
Saeideh Sadat Shobeiri , Saeid Abediankenari , Zahra Rahmani , Hadi Hossein Nataj , Hossein Azadeh ,
Volume 73, Issue 2 (May 2015)
Abstract
Background: Pregnancy is a phenomenon that antigens of semi allogenic fetus are in direct contact with mother's immune system. Immune dysregulation can cause fetus rejection by mother's immune system responses. Human leukocyte antigen-G1, as an immunotolerant molecule has a major role to induce tolerance during pregnancy by suppression of natural killer cells through inhibitor receptors on these cells. Natural killer cells have an important role in immune surveillance and these cells can be reaction with HLA-G molecules on the trophoblast cells surface. This function prevents natural killer cell invasion against fetus trophoblast cells. The purpose of this study was determination of natural killer cells percent and human leukocyte antigen-G1 expression in peripheral blood of threatened-abortion pregnant women in comparison with control group.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted from, February 2014 to October, 2014 in Baghban Clinic in Sari City, Mazandaran province. We investigated 21 threatened-abortion women with light bleeding or spotting less than twenty weeks of pregnancy in comparison with 21 normal pregnant women as control group. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell was isolated by ficoll histopaque (1.077) and natural killer cells percent were evaluated by flow cytometry. Furthermore, we assessed the human leukocyte antigen-G1 isoforms expression by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in case and control groups.
Results: The results of this study was shown that natural killer cells percent in threatened-abortion pregnant women was significantly higher than normal pregnant women (P=0.03). In addition, human leukocyte antigen-G1 isoform had a lower expression in threatened-abortion pregnant women in comparison with control group (P=0.004).
Conclusion: Decreasing of human leukocyte antigen-G1 expression with increasing of natural killer cells level in threatened-abortion pregnant women is an indicator of mother's immune system dysregulation in comparison with control group. Therefore, it is concluded that in the threatened-abortion pregnant women, human leukocyte antigen-G1 expression level with natural killer cells percent as diagnostic marker must be determine.
Seyed Mostafa Ghavami , Ramin Abedinzadeh , Fakhrosadat Sajjadian ,
Volume 74, Issue 4 (July 2016)
Abstract
Background: The primary manifestation of cardiac tumors in embryonic period is a very rare condition. Cardiac rhabdomyomas most frequently arise in the ventricular myocardium, they may also occur in the atria and the epicardial surface. In spite of its benign nature, the critical location of the tumor inside the heart can lead to lethal arrhythmias and chamber obstruction. Multiple rhabdomyomas are strongly associated with tuberous sclerosis which is associated with mental retardation and epilepsy of variable severity. Ultrasonography as a part of routine prenatal screening, is the best method for the diagnosis of cardiac rhabdomyomas. In the review of articles published in Iran, fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma was not reported.
Case presentation: We report a case of cardiac rhabdomyoma on a 24-year-old gravid 1, referred to Day Medical Imaging Center for routine evaluation of fetal abnormalities at 31 weeks of her gestational age. Ultrasonographic examination displayed a homogenous echogenic mass (13×9mm), originating from the left ventricle of the fetal heart. It was a normal pregnancy without any specific complications. Other organs of the fetus were found normal and no cardiac abnormalities were appeared. No Pericardial fluid effusion was found. The parents did not have consanguineous marriage. They did not also have any specific disease such as tuberous sclerosis.
Conclusion: The clinical features of cardiac rhabdomyomas vary widely, depending on the location, size, and number of tumors in the heart. Although cardiac rhabdomyoma is a benign tumor in many affected fetuses, an early prenatal diagnosis of the tumor is of great significance in making efficient planning and providing adequate follow up visits of the patients and the complications such as, heart failure and outlet obstruction of cardiac chambers.
Moharram Karami Jooshin , Hassan Izanloo, Abedin Saghafipour , Yadollah Ghafoori,
Volume 77, Issue 1 (April 2019)
Abstract
Background: Head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) are obligate ectoparasites of mankind, and are mainly transmitted head to head directly from one person to another. Human head lice treatment is faced with some challenges such as lack of complete treatment and the need for treatment repeatedly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two pediculicide products (substances used to treat human head lice infestation); 1% permethrin shampoo and 4% dimethicone lotion.
Methods: In this clinical trial, 140 cases of head lice infested people that were referred to the urban comprehensive health centers of Qom provincial health center related to Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Iran, from April to March 2017. The cases randomly were treated with two pediculicide products; 1% permethrin shampoo and 4% dimethicone lotion. The outcome of the treatment included removal of adult human head lice, nymphs, and nits in confirmed human cases at 14 and 21 days after starting treatments were considered.
Results: The success rate of human head lice infestation treatment in case of double use (at one-week intervals) with 1% permethrin shampoo and 4% dimethicone lotion was 65.7% and 62.9%, respectively. There was no statistical significance between the therapeutic effects of the two above-mentioned methods (odds ratio=1.22, P=0.59, CI=0.6-2.5). While the recovery rate of men compared to women was 3.8 (P=0.036), it was 3.1 (P=0.05) for housewives compared to students, and in families with one case compared to ones with more than one patient, this rate was found to be 3 (P=0.034). Family size was one of the most important variables that had a significant effect on the therapeutic rate of 1% permethrin shampoo and 4% dimethicone lotion.
Conclusion: The findings of this study do not support the reduction in efficacy of 1% permethrin shampoo and 4% dimethicone lotion as pediculicide products.
Amir Hamta, Abedin Saghafipour, Ehssan Mozaffari, Zahra Salemi ,
Volume 78, Issue 6 (September 2020)
Abstract
Background: Currently, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) as a parasitic disease is treated with Glucantime and Pentostam in most of the endemic countries. This study aimed to identify factors affecting the glucantime therapy duration rate in patients with CL using a survival analysis model.
Methods: This retrospective descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 1017 CL patients that were referred to the urban and rural comprehensive health centers of Qom Province under the supervision of Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, from April 2014 to March 2019 through the census. The recovery time was measured by the Kaplan-Meier method, and then the survival function was plotted based on each variable. The Log-Rank test was applied to analyze the differences among variables, and after the evaluation of the PH assumption by Shoenfeld residuals, a stepwise forward Cox progressive regression was used to determine factors affecting intralesional or systematic treatment duration in the patients involved with cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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Results: The recovery rate of lesions in cutaneous leishmaniasis cases was found to be 96.7% by the intralesional treatment and 93% by the systematic one. The mean recovery time for cutaneous leishmaniasis patients was 8.00 weeks for the intralesional treatment and 18.00 days for the systematic treatment. The only significant variable in the intralesional treatment was observed on cases with thigh lesions, meaning that those patients who had CL lesions on their thighs experienced a significant reduction in their recovery time. Furthermore, the lesion variable was also significant (P=0.039) as the recovery chance of those patients who had four or more CL lesions was 30% less.
Conclusion: The existence of lesions on CL patients’ thighs and a low number of lesions in CL patients can decrease the recovery time. The use of the Cox regression model in medical studies is more appropriate because not only does it consider the occurrence of the event but also it can reveal the occurrence time of the disease.
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