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Study of sedative, preanaesthetic and anti-anxiety effects of Rosa damascene herbal extract in comparison with diazepam in rat
Rezaie A, Mosavi Gh, Ahmadizadeh Ch, Jafari B,
Volume 69, Issue 3 (5 2011)
Abstract
Background: Rosa damascene has a special role in the Iranian traditional medicine due to its sedative, anticonvulsant and analgesic effects. Regarding its alkaloid, flavonoid and other organic compounds, this plant has always been used to reduce nervousness and treat depression and chronic insomnia. In the present time, synthetic drugs with sedative and anxiolytic properties are used for such problems but due to their side- effects and economic issues, the significance of natural medicines with fewer side- effects is of interest. Considering the importance of sedative and anxiolytic effects of Rosa damascene, we decided to compare this plant with synthetic drugs of the same properties. Methods: Two different groups of male Wistar rats received either Rosa damascene extract in doses of 150, 300, 450 mg/kg or Diazepam and dimethyl sulphoxide in doses of 1.2 mg/kg intraperitoneally 30 minutes before assessing the sleep duration, sedation and preanesthetic effects induced by intraperitoneal ketamine, 40 mg/kg. The anti- anxiety effect was evaluated by using an elevated plus maze and a rota rod. Results: The results showed a meaningful increase in the period of sleep induced by Ketamine (P≤0.01) and also a meaningful increase in time spent at the open arms of the device in the group receiving Rosa damascene extract (P≤0.01). Conclusion: The results showed that the Rosa damascene extract dose 450mg/kg has sedative, preanesthetic and anxiolytic effects (P≤0.01).
Evaluation of salivary catalase activity in blighted ovum gestation
Maryam Ahmadizadeh , Hamidreza Vaziri , Reyhaneh Sariri , Hoorieh Shaigan ,
Volume 74, Issue 2 (May 2016)
Abstract

Background: Anembryonic gestation (blighted ovum) is the most common identifiable pathology in the first trimester of pregnancy, always leads to miscarriage. Early pregnancy failures from blighted ovum are often due to chromosomal abnormalities and a poor quality of sperm or egg. Oxidative stresses as a factor of disturbance balance between the production of free radicals and antioxidant defenses is involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including mouth and throat cancer and cardiovascular disease. Catalase is one of the defensive systems against damages caused by oxidative stress in human. The aim of this study was to compare the activity of salivary catalase in women with blighted ovum and women with history of normal pregnancy.

Methods: This case-control study was performed on 34 patient women with blighted ovum and 34 healthy women as a control group. The study was performed in biochemistry laboratory at the University of Guilan from October 2015 to July 2015. The age range was 20-44 years and 18-45 years in patient and control groups, respectively. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected using spitting method. Catalase activity was measured by evaluating the constant rate of hydrogen peroxide decomposition in patient and control groups.

Results: The patient group matched with healthy subjects in average age and having no other diseases history. The biochemical enzymatic assays indicate that the average catalase activities of saliva in patient and control groups were 14.47±3.8 and 16.42±3.48, respectively. Therefore, the catalase activity was significantly reduced in patient group as compared to the control group (P=0.03).

Conclusion: The obtained results suggested that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of blighted ovum. Therefore, determination the activity of other antioxidant enzymes, in addition to catalse, may be used as a marker for diagnosis of blighted ovum. More studies with larger studied-population is recommended to confidently comment on the results of this study.


Prevalence of hepatitis B among blood donors referring to blood transfusion organization: brief report
Mina Ghodsi Garamaleki , Changiz Ahmadizadeh ,
Volume 76, Issue 10 (January 2019)
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B is the most common blood-borne viral infection that is considered as a major public health problem of the world's major health problems. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among blood donors referring to blood transfusion centers.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on 216004 volunteer blood donors referring to blood transfusion centers of Iran from the beginning of April 2011 to April 2015. Then the positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test was performed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and neutralization methods.
Results: Of the 216004 blood donors, 279 (12.12%) were positive for HBsAg, and the incidence of infection was a decreasing trend over a four-year period. Among HbsAg positive cases, 97.14% and 2.86% were male and female, respectively. Significant differences between males and females were found (P=0.000). The number of HBsAg positive cases among married people (238 cases, 85.3%) in compared with single people (41 cases, 14.7%) was significantly higher (P=0.000). The average age of HBV infected cases was 39.6±10.3 years. Most HBsAg positive cases were 45-36 years old (30.8%) and lowest prevalence was seen in the age group above 56 years old (4.6%). Highest infected people with Hepatitis B Virus had low degree of education. Relationships between HBV infection with age and degree of education were statistically significant (P=0.000).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that based on our findings, prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen among blood donors have declined significantly during the four years of study.

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