Showing 9 results for Akhlaghi
Akhlaghi M, Salavati M,
Volume 65, Issue 12 (2 2008)
Abstract
Background: The value of the mandibulo-canine index (MCI) in gender identification has been proved in some studies in various countries. The goal of our study was to determine the utility of MCI in gender identification in Iran.
Methods: This descriptional survey was performed on a group of 18- to 25-year-old Iranian students at the Tehran University of Medical Science. We included 50 males and 50 females that were selected using a single sampling method. Data were statistically analyzed by SPSS (v. 13) and t-test.
Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the mean ages of the two groups. Among men, the MCI ranged from 0.209 to 0.293, with a mean of 0.252. Among women, the MCI ranged from 0.202 to 0.276, with a mean of 0.245. There was significant statistical difference between the two means, (0.007 P value = 0.04). The standard MCI of 0.247 was compared to that of each gender, after which no significant statistical difference was found between the two genders (P value = 0.8).
Conclusions: Despite some studies performed in other countries displaying the usefulness of MCI in sex determination, our data did not support this conclusion. Perhaps this difference can be explained because of the variety ethnic groups from various cities of Iran represented in this research had some influence on the results.
Akhlaghi M, Dorooshy G, Naghsh A, Karbakhsh Davari M,
Volume 67, Issue 3 (5 2009)
Abstract
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Background: One of the major
problems in the medicine is personal identification in cases of skeletal
remains. The first step is determination of sex. One of the elements that
recently paied more attention to it is the patella. Since the measurements are
population specific, so we measured the patellas of Iranians to determine their
patellas dimensions for sex prediction.
Methods: In this
study three metrical characteristics of patella were measured from 67 corps
between 20-64 years refered to the autopasy hall of forensic medicine center in
Tehran (L.M.O). For statistical analysis of datas, the statistical product and
service solution (SPSS version 16) program was used and unvariate and multivariate discriminant
function analysis were performed to indicate the efficiency of each variable
for sex determination.
Results: The mean of
patella height in male was 4.46 cm and in female was 3.87, the mean
of patella width in male was 4.60 and in female was 4.03cm and the
mean of patella thickness in male was 2.25 and in female was 2.07cm. Among
these measurements maximal width with average accurancy of 94% and then
maximal height with 91% and finally maximal thickness with 71.6-73.1%
respectively were better variables for sex determination. Also in multivariate
discriminant analysis, combination of all three measurements with average
accuracy of 94% was the best function for sex determination.
Conclusion: The
results of this study revealed that we can determine sex with high confidence
in situations such as explosions, air crashes and etc, just by using the
patella measurement.
Saeideh Dahaghin , Ahmadreza Jamshidi , Seyed Arash Tehrani Banihashemi , Jaleh Gholami , Mohammad Hossein Forouzanfar , Masomeh Akhlaghi , Alireza Khabazi , Elham Noorolahzadeh , Mojgan Barghamdi , Bozorgmehr Arabzadeh , ,
Volume 67, Issue 6 (9-2009)
Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis in the world. This study presents the evidence on the prevalence of symptomatic hand osteoarthritis in urban community. To add to the evidence on the prevalence of symptomatic hand osteoarthritis in urban community.
Methods: Inhabitants (age≥15 yrs) in 22 randomly selected districts (Tehran) participated in a Community-Oriented Program for Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) evaluating major rheumatic disorders, including osteoarthritis. Eventually, 10, 291 inhabitants completed a Questionnaire (75% response-rate). Trained interviewers asked participants whether they had had any pain, swelling, tenderness, or morning stiffness in the right/ left hand during previous seven days. Participants underwent a complete physical examination if they had any musculoskeletal complaint or extra-articular manifestation of rheumatic disease. Osteoarthritis was defined as presence of palpable nodules (Heberden’s/ Bouchard’s nodes, CMC1’s squaring), pain, tenderness, swelling, or a combination of them on that joint (DIP-PIP-MCP-CMC1). Clinical hand osteoarthritis was positive if at least one joint showed osteoarthritis.
Results: Symptomatic hand osteoarthritis was present in 2.8%(CI 2.3-3.4) (52.6% female, mean age 37.1±16.3). Prevalence was higher in females (4.3% vs. 1.3%, p=0.000) and increased with age (0.1% in people <30 versus 23% in people >70, p=0.000). The most common signs in the DIP, PIP and CMC1 joints were bony enlargement, followed by tenderness and pain on movement.
Conclusions: our study confirms the evidence of high prevalence of symptomatic hand osteoarthritis in an urban community. The prevalence, pattern of hand joints involvement and relationship with age and sex in this study performed in an Eastern community resemble those in Westerners, which calls for further attention by appropriate services.
Akbarian M, Faezi St, Gharibdoost F, Shahram F, Nadji A, Jamshidi Ar, Akhlaghi M, Shafaee N, Akhlaghkhah M, Davatchi F,
Volume 68, Issue 5 (6 2010)
Abstract
Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease with diverse clinical manifestations in association with autoantibodies to components of the cell nucleus. SLE as a chronic autoimmune disease has a worldwide distribution. There is a wide variation in the natural history of SLE among different ethnic and geographic groups. Our SLE registry is one of the largest series in Asia-Pacific region. The aim of this study was to show the manifestations of SLE in Iranian patients.
Methods: This study is on clinical and Para clinical manifestations of SLE according to the database of the Rheumatology Research Center (RRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences as a major referral center for rheumatic disease in Iran during the period of 1976 to 2009.
Results: A total of 2143 SLE patients were studied. The female to the male ratio was 8.8:1 and the mean age at the presentation was 24.2± 10 Years. Prevalence of clinical manifestations included: musculoskeletal, cutaneous, renal, neuropsychiatric, pulmonary, cardiac and hematologic were 85.2%, 83.1%, 66.6%, 24%, 22.3%, 17.5% and 67.1% respectively. There were seen positive FANA in 78.3% and anti-DNA in 70% of patients. Overlap syndrome and positive family history with other autoimmune diseases were detected in 14.9% and 3.4% of patients respectively.
Conclusion: The prevalence of some manifestations (such as cutaneous and renal involvement) in our patients were similar to those of nearby countries (with similar climate), while other manifestations (such as hematologic and joint involvement) were similar to the European countries (with similar ethnicity). Genetic and/or climatic factors may lead to different presentations of lupus.
Aghaei M, Gharibdost F, Zayeni H, Akhlaghi M, Sedighi S, Rostamian Ar, Aghdami N, Shojaa M,
Volume 68, Issue 12 (6 2011)
Abstract
Background: Systemic scleroderma (SSc) is a generalized
connective tissue disorder of unknown origin which most notably is
characterized by skin thickening and organ damage. Endothelin-1
(ET-1) antibody plays a role in skin fibrosis. The
aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and correlation of different
manifestations of SSc with ET-1
plasma levels.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 95
patients (91 women and four men)
with scleroderma in 2006. The patients had
been referred to the Rheumatology Clinic of Shariati Hospital in Tehran, Iran.
The demographic data and signs and symptoms were entered in a questionnaire and
endothelin-1 concentrations were measured.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 38±12.29 years.
Diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc)
was diagnosed in 52 and limited cutaneous
SSc (lcSSc)
in 43 patients. Raynaud's phenomenon (91%)
was the most common manifestation in the patients. The relationship between the
resorption of terminal phalanges due to fibrosis with the plasma concentration
of Endothelin-1 was statistically significant (p=0.001).
Pitting ulcers had significant relationships with endothelin-1 concentrations
too (p<0.05). No other significant relationships
were found between the other manifestation of the disease and Endothelin-1
concentration.
Conclusion: In
this study, Reynaud's phenomenon was the most frequent sign in patients with
scleroderma. Thus, it could serve as a tool for the diagnosis of scleroderma.
As there were no significant relationships between the other manifestations of
scleroderma with endothelin-1, a cohort study with a
larger sample size is suggested.
Akhlaghi F, Taghipour Bazargani V, Jamali J,
Volume 70, Issue 4 (5 2012)
Abstract
Background: Postpartum hemorrhage is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality that is preventive by appropriate estimation of blood loss and its treatment. This study was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of visual estimation of postpartum hemorrhage by clinicians and co worker who work in the obstetrics department.
Methods: In this descriptive observational study, 199 educational/clinical personnel participated who worked in the obstetrics department of 3 training hospital in Mashhad in 2010. First characteristic of their occupation, educational and period of work experience recorded. Then scenes similar of postpartum hemorrhage were rebuilt by using of expired whole blood in five different volume (500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000 cc). Participants looked each scenes and estimated volume and necessary treatment and record in forms. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 12 and fisher and student tests and relation between accurate volume of hemorrhage and estimated volume and treatment, occupation and experience of participants were determined.
Results: Accuracy visual estimation of blood loss in different volume of postpartum hemorrhage was between 14.3% to 52%. There was no significant association between the position of the participants and accuracy of their estimation and proposed treatments. There was no association between the staffs' work experience and accuracy of their estimation.
Conclusion: Visual estimation of blood loss was not accurate in the majority of participants. For prevention of maternal morbidity and mortality education is necessary that to be skilled for accurate estimation of blood loss.
Reza Bagheri , Seyed Ziaollah Haghi , Mohammadtaghi Rajabi Mashhadi , Alireza Tavassoli , Davoud Attaran , Saeed Akhlaghi , Neusha Barekati , Maryam Esmaeeli ,
Volume 71, Issue 9 (December 2013)
Abstract
Background: Acquired paralysis of the diaphragm is a condition caused by trauma, surgical injuries, (lung cancer surgery, esophageal surgery, cardiac surgery, thoracic surgery), and is sometimes of an unknown etiology. It can lead to dyspnea and can affect ventilatory function and patients activity. Diaphragmatic plication is a treatment method which decreases inconsistent function of diaphragm. The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcome of diaphragmatic plication in patients with acquired unilateral non-malignant diaphragmatic paralysis. Methods: From 1991 to 2011, 20 patients with acquired unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis who underwent surgery enrolled in our study in Ghaem Hospital Mashhad University of Medical Science. Patients were evaluated in terms of age, sex, BMI, clinical symptoms, dyspnea score (DS), etiology of paralysis, diagnostic methods, respiratory function tests and complication of surgery. Some tests including dyspnea score were carried out again six months after surgery. We evaluated patients with SPSS version 11.5 and Paired t-test or nonparametric equivalent. Results: Twenty patients enrolled in our study. 14 were male and 6 were female. The mean age was 58 years and the average time interval between diagnosis to surgical treatment was 38.3 months. Acquired diaphragmatic paralysis was mostly caused by trauma (in 11 patients) and almost occurred on the left side (in 15 patients). Diagnostic methods included chest x-ray, CT scan, ultrasonography and sniff. Test prior to surgery the average FVC was 41.4±7 percent and the average FEV1 was 52.4±6 percent and after surgery they were 80.1±8.6 percent and 74.4±1 percent respectively. The average increase in FEV1 and FVC 63.4±4, 61.1±7.8. Performing surgery also leads to a noticeable improvement in dyspnea score in our study. Conclusion: In patients with acquired unilateral non-malignant diaphragm paralysis diaphragmatic plication is highly recommended due to the remarkable improvement in respiratory function tests and dyspnea score without mortality and acceptable morbidity.
Hadi Ahmadi Amoli , Ali Akhlaghi , Tayeb Ramim ,
Volume 71, Issue 10 (January 2014)
Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are gastrointestinal tract mesenchymal tumors with gene mutations. The most common site of gastrointestinal stromal tumors is in stomach (40-60%) and small intestine (30-40%), and rare cases about 3-5% of them occur in the duodenum.
Case presentation: The patient is a forty six years old man. He complained of frequent colic pain in left upper quadrant of abdomen for two months before admitting to the hospital. The pain resolved spontaneously after a few hours. This situation almost has been repeated every week. The patient had severe repeated melena and faint for two weeks. As soon as the patient was entered the Sina Hospital in 2012, supportive care was started. Then upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed for him and the bleeding point was detected. Also abdominal and pelvic computed tomography with oral and intravenous contrast was done. Finally the patient was operated on tumor diagnosis in duodenal area according to classic Whipple procedure.
Conclusion: Gastrointestinal bleeding is the most common symptom of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. The bleeding is minimal and chronic. It will be progress to sudden and severe bleeding. Diagnosis is done by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and biopsy. The large tumors with high mitotic
Masoumeh Mirteimouri, , Farideh Akhlaghi, Roya Jalali Bajgiran,
Volume 78, Issue 6 (September 2020)
Abstract
Background: One of the main causes of maternal death in developing countries is postpartum hemorrhage. Cesarean section is one of the most common surgeries all around the world. In comparison with normal vaginal delivery, cesarean section is a greater risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage and need for blood transfusion. The risk of postpartum hemorrhage will increase when other risk factors such as multiple pregnancies, polyhydramnios, severe preeclampsia, peripartum hemorrhage, protracted labor, labor induction, and obesity are present. Oxytocin is conventionally used for the prevention of uterine atony during the cesarean section. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the effect of sublingual misoprostol in combination with oxytocin in reducing blood loss during and after cesarean delivery.
Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed in Ommolbanin hospital; an academic hospital that is affiliated to Mashhad University of medical sciences from September 2016 to January 2018. The subjects were 90 pregnant women with a term pregnancies who were candidates for emergent cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia and were at high risk for postpartum hemorrhage. All participants received 40 IU oxytocin in 1 liter of normal saline after delivery, and then they were randomly assigned to the intervention group who received 400 μg sublingual misoprostol in combination with oxytocin infusion, and the control group who received only oxytocin infusion without adding misoprostol.
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Results: Sublingual misoprostol in combination with oxytocin infusion during cesarean section led to a significant decrease in postoperative blood loss for six hours after the surgery (P<0.001). The decline in the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels and the amount of intraoperative hemorrhage were the same in both groups. Less additional uterotonic agents were needed in the misoprostol group. The frequency of fever and other side effects were similar in the two groups.
Conclusion: It seems that adding sublingual misoprostol to oxytocin infusion among high-risk women for postpartum hemorrhage is more effective for reducing blood loss during and after cesarean section.
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