Showing 99 results for Alireza
Saeideh Dahaghin , Ahmadreza Jamshidi , Seyed Arash Tehrani Banihashemi , Jaleh Gholami , Mohammad Hossein Forouzanfar , Masomeh Akhlaghi , Alireza Khabazi , Elham Noorolahzadeh , Mojgan Barghamdi , Bozorgmehr Arabzadeh , ,
Volume 67, Issue 6 (9-2009)
Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis in the world. This study presents the evidence on the prevalence of symptomatic hand osteoarthritis in urban community. To add to the evidence on the prevalence of symptomatic hand osteoarthritis in urban community.
Methods: Inhabitants (age≥15 yrs) in 22 randomly selected districts (Tehran) participated in a Community-Oriented Program for Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) evaluating major rheumatic disorders, including osteoarthritis. Eventually, 10, 291 inhabitants completed a Questionnaire (75% response-rate). Trained interviewers asked participants whether they had had any pain, swelling, tenderness, or morning stiffness in the right/ left hand during previous seven days. Participants underwent a complete physical examination if they had any musculoskeletal complaint or extra-articular manifestation of rheumatic disease. Osteoarthritis was defined as presence of palpable nodules (Heberden’s/ Bouchard’s nodes, CMC1’s squaring), pain, tenderness, swelling, or a combination of them on that joint (DIP-PIP-MCP-CMC1). Clinical hand osteoarthritis was positive if at least one joint showed osteoarthritis.
Results: Symptomatic hand osteoarthritis was present in 2.8%(CI 2.3-3.4) (52.6% female, mean age 37.1±16.3). Prevalence was higher in females (4.3% vs. 1.3%, p=0.000) and increased with age (0.1% in people <30 versus 23% in people >70, p=0.000). The most common signs in the DIP, PIP and CMC1 joints were bony enlargement, followed by tenderness and pain on movement.
Conclusions: our study confirms the evidence of high prevalence of symptomatic hand osteoarthritis in an urban community. The prevalence, pattern of hand joints involvement and relationship with age and sex in this study performed in an Eastern community resemble those in Westerners, which calls for further attention by appropriate services.
Ebrahim Hassani , Rasoul Farasatkish , Evaz Heydarpour , Mohammadzia Totoonchi , Alireza Mahoori ,
Volume 67, Issue 9 (6 2009)
Abstract
Background: Measuring end tidal carbon dioxide (ETCo2) is one of the methods used for estimating arterial carbon dioxide (PaCo2) during general anesthesia. ETCo2 measurements maybe obviate the need for repeating arterial puncture for determination of arterial PaCo2. This study performed to determine the accuracy of ETCo2 levels as a measure of PaCo2 levels in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft and also to evaluate variation of the gradient between PaCo2 and ETCo2, peri- cardiopulmonary bypass operation. Methods: In a prospective, cross-sectional study, a total of 40 patients with age 57±11 (35-73) years old undergoing coronary artery bypass graft were enrolled. ETCo2 levels (mmHg) were recorded using side stream capnography at the time of arterial blood gas sampling, before (T0) and after (T1) cardiopulmonary bypass. Results: Mean P(a-ET)Co2 at T0 was 4.3±4.4mmHg, with the mean PaCo2, 33±6mmHg and mean ETCo2, 29±5mmHg and these values at T1 were 4.5±4.1mmHg, 33±5mmHg and 29±2mmHg respectively. There was no variation of the mean gradient (PaCo2-PETCo2) during, before and after cardiopulmonary bypass (p>0.870). Significant correlation was found between ETCo2 and PaCo2 at T0 and T1 (r=0.754 and 0.685respectively and p=0.001). Conclusion: Capnography is a non- invasive and a safe technique for determining arterial PCo2 and for measurements of ETCo2 that correlate well with PaCo2 values in healthy patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft. ETCo2 measurements maybe sufficient measures of PaCo2 in selected patients and obviate the need for repeatingarterial blood gas determination. Further study is warranted.
Farnaz Amouzegar- Hashemi, Alireza Alaleh, Ali Kazemian, Peiman Haddad,
Volume 67, Issue 12 (6 2010)
Abstract
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Background: Breast conservative therapy is associated with
similar outcomes in comparison with mastectomy. The
aim of this study is assessment of local recurrence rate and related risk
factors in patients who have been treated with radiotherapy after conservative
surgery for breast cancer.
Methods: This is a cohort study which data of all breast
cancer patients who have visited in follow up clinic in radiation oncology
department of cancer institute of Imam
Khomeini Hospital
complex in Tehran, Iran,
during years 2007-2009 were collected. All
of the patients were investigated for local recurrence and the possible risk
factors.
Results: Two hundred and seventy seven patients have entered
the study and all have followed for at least one year since data entry. Median
follow-up time from the start of radiotherapy were 35
months (12-148 mo).
We had seven cases (2.5%)
with local recurrences (2.5%)
which most of them occurred in first year after treatment. Because
of low rate of recurrence none of the variables such as margin and nodal status
has significant correlation with local recurrence which this should be due to
small number of patient and short time of follow up.
Conclusions: At
median follow up of 35 months from the beginning
of radiation therapy, local recurrence rate was 2.5% which
is similar to the literature. We recommend to follow a
larger group of patients for longer times to estimate recurrence risk after breast
conservative therapy.
Hamid Ghaderi, Kourosh Shamimi, Fereydoon Moazzami, Seyed Hasan Emami Razavi, Ali Aminian, Seyed Mehdi Jalali, Reza Afghani, Morteza Noaparast, Seyyed Habibollah Dashti, Saeed Safari, Alireza Ahmadvand, Seyede Adeleh Mirjafari Daryasari, Fatemeh Sadat Naeemie,
Volume 68, Issue 1 (4 2010)
Abstract
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Background: Appendicitis is more common during the second
and third decade of life and appendectomy scar is important in terms of
cosmetic issues. The scar is an important factor in the patient's satisfaction.
Conventional teaching has an emphasis on the closure of skin incision with
"separate" sutures. The aim of this study was to reconsider this dogma.
Methods: Among 321 patients with acute
appendicitis who came to the emergency unit of Imam Khomeini Hospital in
Tehran, Iran since april 2007
till april 2008, 278 (86.6%) patients had
uncomplicated appendicitis and were enrolled in our clinical trial. The
patients were randomly assigned to two groups of interrupted suture closure (n=139) and subcuticular
suture closure (n=139). Anesthesia method and
surgical technique were similar between the two groups. All patients were
followed up post-operatively (four weeks) for the presence of infectious
drainage, pain, erythema, swelling and warmness at the surgical site.
Results: The patients' sex and
their mean age were not statistically different between the groups. There was
no significant difference in the frequency of surgical site complications between
the two groups (five cases in the "interrupted" group and eight cases in the
"subcuticular" group p=0.415).
Conclusion: This study showed that
appendectomy incision closure with subcuticular sutures did not increase the
risk of wound complications. From the point of better cosmetic outcome of
subcuticular sutures, this method may be the method of choice for the closure
of appendectomy incisions in uncomplicated appendicitis.
Ali Zamani, Alireza Karimi, Mohsen Naseri, Elaheh Amini, Mohammad Milani, Amir Arvin Sazgar, Seyed Mousa Sadr Hosseini, Mohammad Sadeghi Hassan Abadi, Fatemeh Nayeri, Firouzeh Nili, Mamak Shariat, Mostafa Vasigh, Fariba Nasaj, Fatemeh Zamani, Narges Zamani,
Volume 68, Issue 1 (4 2010)
Abstract
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Background: American pediatric Association proposes to
screen all neonates with Oto-Acoustic Emission (OAE). In developing countries, because of several limitations,
health policy makers recommend to screen only in high risk patients. This study is performed with the aim to screen
hearing loss in 950 high risk newborns hospitalized in hospitals
affiliated to Tehran University using the OAE test.
Methods: A total of 950 neonates hospitalized in the Neonatal and NICU wards of
Vali-e-Asr, Shariati, Medical Center and Bahrami Hospitals during the years 2004-2006 who
showed at least one risk factor using TEOAE hearing test were enrolled into this cross-sectional
descriptive analytical study and were diagnosed with mild deafness and total
deafness. Blood exchange due to hyperbillirubinemia, septicemia, congenital
heart disease, the fifth minute apgar scores below six, PROM more than six hours, epilepsia, need to NICU more than five hours, pneumonia and Oto-Toxic drugs
were considered as risk factors. Data was past medical history, current
disease, admission cause, sign & symptoms and complications of disease.
Results: Multivariate logistic regression and paired t-test
showed that blood exchange, low birth weight and low first minute Apgar scores
had the highest independent risk for hearing loss among newborn.
Conclusion: Despite of the low prevalence of neonatal hearing loss,
screening of hearing loss at early stages is important.
Mahmoodi Majid, Alizadeh Alimohammad, Amini-Najafi Fatemeh, Khosravi Alireza, Hosseini Seyed Kazem, Safari Zahra, Hydarnasab Daryosh,
Volume 69, Issue 12 (5 2012)
Abstract
Background: Fumonisins, a family of mycotoxins, are mainly found in wheat, corn and their products. Previous studies have shown that fumonisin B1 (FB1), the most abundant and toxic of known fumonisins, has been associated with many animal and human diseases including cancer. In the present study, the effects of FB1 were examined on the production of inflammatory cytokines in intestine and stomach cell lines.
Methods: This study was performed in the Cancer Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2010. The cell lines of colon adenocarcinoma (SW742) and gastric epithelium (AGS) were purchased from the Pasteur Institute of Iran. The cells were pretreated with different concentrations of FB1 (0 to 100 µM) for 3 days. The cells were later stimulated by lipopolysaccharides. Twenty-four hours after cell induction, the cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interlukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interlukin-8 (IL-8) were measured by ELISA.
Results: Treatment with FB1 induced a dose-dependent decrease in IL-8 production (P<0.05). This decrease was seen in both SW742 and AGS cell lines. Moreover, FB1 induced a dose-dependent increase in the production of TNF-α and IL-1β in both cell lines (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that FB1 could increase the inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-1β in gastric and intestinal celllines. These effects might result in the development of inflammatory responses and subsequent mucosal atrophy in in-vivo conditions.
Hassani Ebrahim, Mahoori Alireza, Mehdizadeh Hamid, Noroozinia Heydar, Aghdashi Mir Mousa, Saeidi Mohammad,
Volume 70, Issue 3 (4 2012)
Abstract
Background: Perioperative administration of tranexamic acid (TA), decreases bleeding and the need for transfusion after cardiac procedures. Hence, the results may vary in different clinical settings and the most appropriate timing to get the best results is unclear. The primary objectives of the present study were to determine the efficacy of TA in decreasing chest tube drainage, the need for perioperative allogeneic transfusions and the best timing for TA administration following primary, elective, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with a low baseline risk of postoperative bleeding.
Methods: In this double-blind, prospective, placebo-controlled clinical trial in Seiedoshohada Hospital during 2011-2012, we evaluated 150 patients scheduled for elective, primary coronary revascularization. They were randomly divided into three groups. Group B received tranexamic 10 mg/kg prior to, Group A received tranexamic acid 10 mg/kg after cardiopulmonary bypass and group C received an equivalent volume of saline solution. Blood requirement and postoperative chest tube drainage were recorded.
Results: The placebo group (group C) had a greater postoperative blood loss 12 h after surgery (501±288 vs. 395±184 in group B and 353±181 mL in group A, P=0.004). The placebo group also had greater postoperative total blood loss (800±347 vs. 614±276 in group B and 577±228 mL in group A, P=0.001). There was a significant increase in allogeneic blood requirement in the placebo group (P=0.001).
Conclusion: For elective, first time coronary artery bypass surgery, a single dose of tranexamic acid before or after cardiopulmonary bypass is equally effective.
Khoshnevisan Alireza, Mirkoohi Maryam, Arjipour Mehdi,
Volume 70, Issue 3 (4 2012)
Abstract
Background: Intracranial lipomas are rare benign neoplasms that comprise 1% of all primary brain tumors. Generally, occur in midline structure and usually identified incidentally on CT scans or in autopsies. The incidence of intracranial lipomas is about 0.08 to 0.46% on autopsies. These benign lesions are slow-growing, usually asymptomatic and rarely require surgery.
Case Presentation: We report a 20 years old male who complained of headache since two years ago. On CT examination, a quadrigeminal cistern lipoma without any pressure effect on neural structures demonstrated. His headache remitted with conservative measures. Here, we have a review on the literature and explain CT scan and MRI findings.
Conclusion: According to the literature and present case, it seems that direct surgical excision of tumor is not justified in the majority of cases and symptoms of patients greatly respond to conservative measures and, at most, in cases of hydrocephalus, CSF shunting relieves their symptoms.
Alireza Mahoori , Ebrahim Hassani , Heydar Noroozinia , Behzad Sinaei , Elham Esmaeili ,
Volume 71, Issue 5 (August 2013)
Abstract
Background: Pulseoximetry is widely used in the critical care setting, currently used to guide therapeutic interventions. Few studies have evaluated the accuracy of SPO2 (puls-eoximetry oxygen saturation) in intensive care unit after cardiac surgery. Our objective was to compare pulseoximetry with arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) during clinical routine in such patients, and to examine the effect of mild acidosis on this relationship.
Methods: In an observational prospective study 80 patients were evaluated in intensive care unit after cardiac surgery. SPO2 was recorded and compared with SaO2 obtained by blood gas analysis. One or serial arterial blood gas analyses (ABGs) were performed via a radial artery line while a reliable pulseoximeter signal was present. One hundred thirty seven samples were collected and for each blood gas analyses, SaO2 and SPO2 we recorded.
Results: O2 saturation as a marker of peripheral perfusion was measured by Pulseoxim-etry (SPO2). The mean difference between arterial oxygen saturation and pulseoximetry oxygen saturation was 0.12%±1.6%. A total of 137 paired readings demonstrated good correlation (r=0.754 P<0.0001) between changes in SPO2 and those in SaO2 in samples with normal hemoglobin. Also in forty seven samples with mild acidosis, paired readings demonstrated good correlation (r=0.799 P<0.0001) and the mean difference between SaO2 and SPO2 was 0.05%±1.5%.
Conclusion: Data showed that in patients with stable hemodynamic and good signal quality, changes in pulseoximetry oxygen saturation reliably predict equivalent changes in arterial oxygen saturation. Mild acidosis doesn’t alter the relation between SPO2 and SaO2 to any clinically important extent. In conclusion, the pulse oximeter is useful to monitor oxygen saturation in patients with stable hemodynamic.
Seyyed Meisam Ebrahimi , Zohreh Parsa-Yekta, Alireza Nikbakht-Nasrabadi, Sayyed Mostafa Hosseini, Sanambar Sedighi , Mohammad-Hossein Salehi-Surmaghi,
Volume 71, Issue 6 (September 2013)
Abstract
Background : Chemotherapy-induced nausea (CIN) in the anticipatory and acute phase is the most common side effect in cancer therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ginger capsules on the alleviation of this problem.
Methods : This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed on 80 women with breast cancer between August till December 2009 in Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran. These patients underwent one-day chemotherapy regime and suffering from chemotherapy-induced nausea. After obtaining written consent, samples were randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. Two groups were matched based on the age and emetic effects of chemotherapy drugs used. The intervention group received ginger capsules (250 mg, orally) four times a day (1 gr/d) and the same samples from the placebo group received starch capsules (250 mg, orally) for three days before to three days after chemotherapy. To measure the effect of capsules a three-part questionnaire was used, so the samples filled every night out these tools. After collecting the information, the gathered data were analyzed by statistical tests like Fisher’s exact, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square using version 8 of STATA software.
Results : The mean ± SD of age in the intervention and placebo groups were 41.8 ± 8.4 and 45.1 ± 10 years, respectively. Results indicated that the severity and number of nausea in the anticipatory phase were significantly lower in the ginger group compared with placebo group (P=0.0008, P=0.0007, respectively). Also, the intensity (P=0.0001) and number (P=0.0001) of nausea in the acute phase were significantly lower in the ginger group. On the other hand, taking ginger capsules compared with placebo did not result in any major complications.
Conclusion: Consuming ginger root powder capsules (1 gr/d) from three days before chemotherapy till three days after it in combination with the standard anti-emetic regimen can help to reduce the anticipatory and acute nausea.
Reza Bagheri , Seyed Ziaollah Haghi , Mohammadtaghi Rajabi Mashhadi , Alireza Tavassoli , Davoud Attaran , Saeed Akhlaghi , Neusha Barekati , Maryam Esmaeeli ,
Volume 71, Issue 9 (December 2013)
Abstract
Background: Acquired paralysis of the diaphragm is a condition caused by trauma, surgical injuries, (lung cancer surgery, esophageal surgery, cardiac surgery, thoracic surgery), and is sometimes of an unknown etiology. It can lead to dyspnea and can affect ventilatory function and patients activity. Diaphragmatic plication is a treatment method which decreases inconsistent function of diaphragm. The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcome of diaphragmatic plication in patients with acquired unilateral non-malignant diaphragmatic paralysis. Methods: From 1991 to 2011, 20 patients with acquired unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis who underwent surgery enrolled in our study in Ghaem Hospital Mashhad University of Medical Science. Patients were evaluated in terms of age, sex, BMI, clinical symptoms, dyspnea score (DS), etiology of paralysis, diagnostic methods, respiratory function tests and complication of surgery. Some tests including dyspnea score were carried out again six months after surgery. We evaluated patients with SPSS version 11.5 and Paired t-test or nonparametric equivalent. Results: Twenty patients enrolled in our study. 14 were male and 6 were female. The mean age was 58 years and the average time interval between diagnosis to surgical treatment was 38.3 months. Acquired diaphragmatic paralysis was mostly caused by trauma (in 11 patients) and almost occurred on the left side (in 15 patients). Diagnostic methods included chest x-ray, CT scan, ultrasonography and sniff. Test prior to surgery the average FVC was 41.4±7 percent and the average FEV1 was 52.4±6 percent and after surgery they were 80.1±8.6 percent and 74.4±1 percent respectively. The average increase in FEV1 and FVC 63.4±4, 61.1±7.8. Performing surgery also leads to a noticeable improvement in dyspnea score in our study. Conclusion: In patients with acquired unilateral non-malignant diaphragm paralysis diaphragmatic plication is highly recommended due to the remarkable improvement in respiratory function tests and dyspnea score without mortality and acceptable morbidity.
Amir Farhang Zand Parsa, Soudabeh Nejati , Alireza Esteghamati ,
Volume 71, Issue 9 (December 2013)
Abstract
Background: Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) came up with the recent researches regarding new biomarkers for the diagnosis of heart failure. AGEs are the end products of non-enzymatic glycation and oxidation of proteins, lipids and nucleotides during Maillard biochemical reaction. Although it has been known that AGEs have a role in the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure (CHF), information regarding its role and its pathogenetic mechanism is very limited. The aim of this study was to find any relationship between AGEs with the etiology and severity of chronic heart failure.
Methods: This study is a prospective cross sectional study that enrolled 85 patients with chronic heart failure. Measurement of left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) was done by echocardiography. Blood samples were collected for measuring AGEs just before or after echocardiography assessment (in the same session). Measurement of AGEs was done by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The relationship between AGEs with the severity of CHF and as well as the etiology of CHF were evaluated via SPSS-15.
Results: Of 85 patients 48 (56.5%) patients were male and 37 (43.5%) were female Mean±SD of their ages was 55.8±13.4 years old (ranges from 27 to 84 years). Correlation coefficient between LVEF and AGEs was 0.269 (P=0.013). Mean of AGEs in patients with and without ischemic etiology of their heart failure were 16.8±9.8µg/ml and 11.6±7.3 µg/ml, respectively. Although trend was in favor of ischemic heart failure, the difference between two groups was not statistically significant (P= 0.141).
Conclusion: According to this study the rate of AGES could be helpful in the diagnosis and assessment of severity of CHF. Based on our findings, higher blood levels of AGEs in the ischemic CHF cases, also it could be concluded that in the future this marker may be used for etiologic differentiation of heart failure syndrome.
Amir Keshvari , Mohammad Sadegh Fazeli , Alireza Kazemeini , Alipasha Meysamie , Mohammad Kazem Nouri Taromlou,
Volume 71, Issue 10 (January 2014)
Abstract
Background: Colorectal carcinoma is considering as a curable disease. Treatment of recurrent cases is hard and sometimes impossible. Evaluation of the rate and affecting factors of recurrence in each hospital would help to decreasing recurrent cases. The aim of this study is evaluation of the rate, clinical and pathologic features, and outcome of recurrent colorectal carcinoma in a referral teaching hospital in Tehran.
Methods: Clinical data of 166 curative resections of colorectal carcinoma who were operated between Mehr 1384 and Mehr 1388 (between 23 September 2005 and 23 September 2009) in Imam Khomeini Hospital and were accessible for follow up was collected. Follow up data was collected prospectively up to Farvardin 1391 (19 April 2012). Forty nine recurrences were happened in this period. We compared recurrent and non-recurrent cases for different variables
Results: Average age of the patients was 53.5 years, and 47% of them were female. The median time to the diagnosis of recurrent disease was 12 months (range 1 months to 54 months). There were no significant differences between recurrent and non-recurrent patients about age, sex, sub-site of the tumor and sub-type of primary operation. Rate of overall recurrence, local recurrence and distant metastasis were 29.5%, 15.7% and 12.1% respectively.
Local recurrence rate was higher in colon cancer (16.44% vs. 15.05%) but distant metastasis rate was higher in rectal cancer (12.9% vs. 10/96%). Rate of curative re-resection was about 25%. Overall survival of the recurrent patients who underwent surgery was better than who underwent chemo or radiotherapy (66.7% vs. 56.8%). Median survival time of recurrent patients after primary surgery was 28 months, and after diagnosis was 12 months (9.28- 14.72,95% CI).
Conclusion: In this study the rate of overall recurrence was 29.5%. Local recurrence rate was higher in colon cancer (16.44% vs. 15.05%) but distant metastasis rate was higher in rectal cancer (12.9% vs. 10/96%).
Farnaz Sohrabvand , Mamak Shariat , Mohammad Jafar Farahvash , Fedyeh Haghollahi , Mahnoosh Khosravi , Masoomeh Maasomi , Maryam Bagheri , Alireza Abdollahi , Akram Sarbiyaie , Fariba Bashari ,
Volume 71, Issue 10 (January 2014)
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Chronic infections have been mentioned as one of the different etiologic factors related to PCOS. Due to the high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection especially in developing countries, its probable role in the pathogenesis of PCOS and the limited information available in this area, serologic study of H.Pylori infection in patients with PCOS, was performed.
Methods: This research was performed as a case control study from Dec 2010 until May 2012 in 82 patients (and their spouses) with polycystic ovary syndrome (case group) and 82 non PCOS patients (control group) with an age range of 20-40 referred to Vali-e-Asr Hospital infertility clinic. Both groups and their husbands filled a questionnaire and were examined by testing their serum H.Pylori IgG and IgA antibody levels. Statistical testing and analysis was performed by t-student and λ2 tests.
Results: Mean age of the women and men and also other demographic characteristics except their profession showed no significant difference (P>0.05) in the two groups (PCOS and non PCOS). H.Pylori antibody IgG serum level was positive in 78% and 76.5% and H.Pylori antibody IgA level in 30.5% and 37% of PCOS versus non PCOS patients respectively which showed no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). There was also no significant difference between the H.Pylori antibodies levels in the spouses in the two groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: This study showed no significant difference in serologic examination re-sults in PCOS versus non PCOS patients. The finding of high prevalence of H.Pylori IgG and IgA positive levels in both PCOS and non PCOS patients can be probably re-lated to the high prevalence of H.Pylori infection or exposure in Iranian population and therefore suggest an issue for further investigation.
Narmin Ghaderi , Khosro Esazadeh , Alireza Shoae Hasani,
Volume 71, Issue 11 (February 2014)
Abstract
Background: Apoptin is a protein from chicken anemia virus that could induce apoptosis specifically in the cancer cells but it has not any effect in the normal cells. Phage therapy is a novel field of cancer therapy and phage nanobioparticles (NBPs) such as λ phage could be modified to deliver and express genetic cassettes into eukaryotic cells safely in contrast with animal viruses. The bacteriophages like Lambda could be manipulated to deliver genetic cassettes into eukaryotic cells and express the gene safely. We developed the safe way for the expression of Apoptin gene via Lambda bacteriophage in the human tumors.
Methods: At first the Apoptin clone was produced and then transferred into ZAP-CMV plasmid through BamH-I and HinD-III restriction sites. Then this construct inserted into the Lambda phage in the Escherichia coli host cell. The expression of Apoptin in the recombinant construct was evaluated via RT-PCR and Western Blot analysis. The anti tumor function of expressed protein was measured in the BT-474 cells that was hosted by nude mice.
Results: Transfection of breast carcinoma cells by Lambda bacteriophage containing λZAP-Apoptin-CMV was inhibited the tumor growth significantly but did not any effect on normal cells. The expression of this protein was very high in tumor cells and prevented the death of tumor bearing nude mice. The penetration and spreading of Apoptin construct by bacteriophage Lambda was significantly high but the Apoptin plasmid had very little expression in BT-474 cell, directly. Transfection with NBPs carrying λZAP-CMV-Apoptin significantly inhibited growth of all the breast carcinoma cell lines in vitro, but had no effect on normal cells.
Conclusion: Utilization of recombinant Lambda bacteriophage as a safe expression vector has been confirmed. Apoptin was induced apoptosis specifically in the tumors in vivo. Use of such construct is a very safe way to treat cancer in human. The results presented here reveal important features of λ nanobioparticles to serve as safe delivery and expression platform for human cancer therapy.
Amir Farhang Zand Parsa, Parsa Faryadras , Alireza Esteghamati, Naser Gilani Larimi,
Volume 71, Issue 11 (February 2014)
Abstract
Background: Although a few studies have shown the positive correlation between patients’ serum concentration of 25 OH-Vitamin D3 and type II diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance, there are controversies regarding the relationship between 25 OH-Vitamin D3 as a risk factor for cardiovascular atherosclerotic diseases that has to be cleared. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the rate of 25 OH-Vitamin D3 and the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Patients with suspected CAD.
Methods: This study was a cross sectional study that has been conducted in the department of cardiology in Imam Khomeini Hospital complex in collaboration with endocrinology research center. In this study 178 patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) were enrolled. Based on their history and clinical findings coronary angiography was performed in all patients. Severity of CAD has been assessed by using Gensini score, based on their coronary angiography findings. The relationship between severity of CAD and their serum level of 25 OH-Vitamin D3 was evaluated. Serum level of 25OH- Vitamin D3 was measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method by Euroimmiune kits (from Germany).
Results: Of 178 patients, 50 (28.1%) were female and 128 (71.9%) were male. Mean±SD of their ages was 56.2±11.8 years old. Significant coronary artery stenosis (stenosis more than 50% luminal diameter) was observed in 91 (51.1%) of patients. Mean±SD of serum level of vitamin D3 in patients with CAD was 45±35 nm/l and in patients without CAD was 55±44 nm/l (P= 0.047). Mean±SD of Gensini score was 26.3±21.1, as well. Therefore correlation coefficient between 25 OH-Vitamin D3 and Gensini score was -0.262 (P= 0.043).
Conclusion: Although there is a trend toward association between deficiencies of 25 OH-Vitamin D3 and the presence of CAD but their association is not statistically significant. For achieving more convincing findings larger studies are needed.
Sedigheh Bahrami Mahne, Seyed Alireza Mahdaviani , Nima Rezaei ,
Volume 72, Issue 5 (August 2014)
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways, associated with airway re-modeling and hyperresponsiveness. It is expressed that asthma influences about 300 million people around the world, which is estimated to increase to about 400 million by 2025. The prevalence rate is 15 to 20 percent in children and 5 to 10 percent in adults, while its trend is still increasing. Inflammation plays an important role in the patho-physiology of asthma, which involves an interaction of different types of the immune cells and mediators. It leads to a number of pathophysiology changes, including bron-chial inflammation, airway obstruction, and clinical episodes such as cough, wheeze and shortness of breath. Asthma is now greatly being introduced as a heterogeneous disorder and it is pointed out to the role of T cells, including Th1, Th2, Th17, and regu-latory T cells. Other immune cells, especially neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells, as well structural cells such as epithelial and airway smooth muscle cells also pro-duce disease-associated cytokines in asthma. Increased levels of these immune cells and cytokines have been recognized in clinical samples and mouse models of asthma. Different cytokines, including pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as TNFα, IL-1, and IL-6), T helper 2 cytokines (such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13), and growth factors (such as GM-CSF, PDGF) play a role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Indeed chemokines (such as MPC-1, RANTES , MIP-1) and the chemokine receptors (such as CCR3, CCR4, CCL11, CCL24, and CCL26) play an important role in the recruitment of circu-lating inflammatory cells into the airways in asthmatic patients and also is related with increased T helper 2 cytokines after inhaled allergens. Among new approaches, treat-ment of asthma with anti-cytokine drugs such as antibodies blocking IL-4, IL-5, IL-9 could reduce recruitment inflammatory cells into the airways and remodeling. The final perspective of asthma treatments would be to alter from the symptomatic treatments to disease modifying.
Khadijeh Fanayi, Mehdi Ajorloo , Sayed Hamid Reza Mozhgani , Shiva Irani , Alireza Gholami ,
Volume 72, Issue 5 (August 2014)
Abstract
Background: Rabies is an acute encephalitis that causes more than 60,000 deaths worldwide. The only way to save individuals bitten by a rabies-infected animal is the timely use of effective vaccines. Treatment with new generation vaccines is expensive. Therefore, there is a global movement towards the production of less expensive vaccines which retain and improve upon the quality and effectiveness of the vaccine. Production and evaluation of non-classical vaccines is one of the approaches taken in this regard. In this study, we describe a new eukaryotic expression system to express the nucleoprotein N gene of rabies virus which, if suitable, may be evaluated for anti-rabies vaccine production.
Methods: The complete sequence of the N gene of rabies virus PV subtype was amplified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and cloned into the pCDNA3.1(+) vector. The cloned gene was excised from the vector by restriction enzyme digestion and sequenced. Due to mutations detected in the N gene, the gene coding sequence was purchased as a recombinant pGH/N vector. Vector pGH/N was amplified and following enzymatic digestion, the excised N gene was once again cloned into vector pCDNA3.1(+). Successful cloning was confirmed using restriction digests and quick check. The recombinant vector pCDNA3.1(+)/N was transformed into cultured BSR cells and protein N expression was analyzed using fluorescent antibody test (FAT).
Results: Electrophoresis confirmed amplification of the nucleoprotein N gene and subsequent restriction enzyme digestion showed that the N gene had been successfully cloned into the recombinant pCDNA3.1(+)/N vector. However, DNA sequencing revealed the presence of mutations within the N gene. Restriction digest of the commercial pGH/N vector showed that the N gene had been excised from the vector. Successful cloning of the N gene into the pCDNA3.1(+) expression vector was confirmed using restriction digests and quick check. Protein expression in BSR cells was assayed by immunostaining with anti-ribonucleocapsid FITC-conjugated antibody and visually confirmed by fluorescence microscopy.
Conclusion: This study showed that the protein N of rabies virus subtype PV can be expressed in a eukaryotic expression system using the pCDNA3.1(+) expression vector.
Alireza Sharifi, Shahab Dolatshahi , Atefeh Rezaeifar , Tayeb Ramim ,
Volume 72, Issue 6 (September 2014)
Abstract
Background: Lack of precise diagnostic criteria and sufficient findings in support of biopsy sampling during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is one of the special challenge in endoscopy assessment in Barrett's esophagus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mucosa in the distal esophagus tissues through a biopsy during upper gastrointesti- nal endoscopy in gastroesophogeal reflux disease patients whose symptoms don't im- prove or only partially resolve with treatment.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in patients with gastroesophogeal reflux disease medically resistant to treatment. The patients were assessed by gastroenterology department in Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran, since September 2012 to September 2013. Patients with coagulopathy, esophageal varicose, esophageal cancer, earlier detection of developing Barrett's esophagus, history of irritable bowel syndrome, psychological dis- orders and using of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, were excluded. Esophageal squamous epithelium and cylindrical tissue of stomach was carefully checked by endoscope. Then 2 to 4 biopsy of the Z-line above the gastroe- sophageal mucosa were obtained.
Results: One hundred and fifty three patients included 78 men (51%) and 75 females (49%) with a mean age of 47.92±17.57 years participated in the study. The mean of body mass index of patients was 25.05±4.17 kg/m2 and body mass index in 45.8 % of the patients more than 230 kg/m2. Biopsy specimens were taken in 31 cases were not enough for histological examination. In other patients, 25 cases (20.5%) were normal and 97 cases (79.5%) had the following pathological diagnosis: mild esophagitis (49 cases 40.2%), moderate esophagitis (24 cases 19.7%), severe esophagitis (14 cases
11.5%), Barrett's esophagus (8 cases, 6.5%), fungal esophagitis (1 cases, 0.8%), and eosinophilic esophagitis (1 cases 0.8%). 117 patients (76.5%) had H. pylori infection. Sensitivity and specifity of endoscopy for detection of Barrett's esophagus during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were 100% and 84.13% (CI 95%:78.53-89.09%), respec- tively.
Conclusion: Our data showed that doing of accurate and adequate biopsy samples from lesions in upper GI endoscopy can be helpful in the diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus
Ghodratolah Maddah , Hossein Shabahang , Mohammad Reza Barband , Abbas Abdollahi , Alireza Tavassoli ,
Volume 72, Issue 9 (December 2014)
Abstract
Background: This study aims to evaluate the outcomes and late complications of open Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery in the treatment of morbid obesity.
Methods: Over a 15 year-period between May 1997 and May 2012, we reviewed our experiments with 39 patients who underwent open gastric bypass for morbid obesity. The weight of the patient and surgical complications were recorded. Ideal weight, body mass index, weight loss and excess weight loss were calculated.
Results: The follow up period ranged from 6 to 180 months with a mean of 100 months after operation. Average weight loss was 3.9 and 0.28 kg per month during the first and second years after operation weight loss was slower from the third year on-wards. Weight loss generally was stabilized between 12 and 18 months after operation. Only one patient (2.6%) had a weight loss failure criterion. Concomitant condition ex-isted in 14 patients (48.2%) of our series. These included hypertension in 3 cases (10.3%) that was resolved in 100%, diabetes mellitus in 4 (13.7%) that was resolved in 75%, cholelithiasis in 7 cases (24.1%) that was resolved by cholecystectomy during the operation. There was no early postoperative death. Early complications occurred in 2 patients (5.1%), including pulmonary embolism (2.6%) and gastrointestinal bleeding (2.6%). The late complications occurred in 7 patients (17.9%) involved 2 patients with anastomotic stricture at the gastrojejunostomy (5.1%), One patient with symptomatic cholelithiasis (2.6%), three patient with anemia (7.7%), and one patient had Wernicke ’s disease who died of this complication (2.6%).
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the open Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery is an effective procedure in the treatment of morbid obesity with minimal late complications.
