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Factors affecting retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes by analyzing the current status data
Askarishahi M, Hajizadeh E, Afkhami-Ardakani M,
Volume 68, Issue 11 (4 2011)
Abstract

Background: Diabetes is a chronic non-communicable disease with increasing prevalence. Retinopathy is one of the main complications of diabetes. Early diagnosis and treatment of retinopathy can reduce the risk of low vision and blindness. The aim of this study was to apply regression analysis of current status data to determine risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes being referred to the Ophthalmology Clinic of Yazd Diabetes Research Center, Iran.

Methods: In this analytical-observational study, 459 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in the study and the ophthalmic examinations done by an ophthalmologist included visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement and slit-lamp examination. After pupil dilatation, funduscopy was done and the patients were classified according to ETDRS criteria. A proportional hazard model for current status data was used to identify the risk factors for retinopathy.

Results: The hazard rate of having retinopathy increased by 5% for an increase of one year in the duration of diabetes (p<0.05) and the hazard rate of having retinopathy was 1.1 times greater in patients who had used insulin for diabetes compared with other type 2 diabetes patients (p<0.05).

Conclusion: This study showed that a history of hypertension may reduce the risks of diabetic retinopathy. In patients with the early diagnosis of diabetes, regular examination of the fundus, blood sugar control and tight control of high blood pressure are recommended.


Investigating and comparing the thickness of prelamina and lamina cribrosa tissue of the optic nerve before and after treatment in patients with closed-angle and open-angle glaucoma
Dorna Yazdan Panah , Mohammad Arish ,
Volume 82, Issue 9 (December 2024)
Abstract
Background: The thickness of the lamina, especially the lamina cribrosa and prelamina, can be important indicators of optic nerve damage and the severity of glaucoma. Changes in the thickness of these tissues after treatment can indicate improvement or reduction in intraocular pressure (ICP) and nerve protection. ICP produces a different response in the treatment of patients with closed-angle glaucoma (CAG) and open-angle glaucoma (OAG). The aim of this study was to compare the thickness of prelamina and lamina cribrosa tissue before and after treatment in CAG and OAG patients.
Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical study conducted on 56 glaucoma patients referred to an Al Zahra Eye Hospital (Zahedan) who had undergone trabeculectomy or laser iridotomy treatment from April to March 2022. Patients were divided into two equal groups, including CAG patients (n=28) and OAG patients (n=28), and at the beginning of the study, in terms of demographic variables, visual acuity, ratio of cup diameter to disc size (C/D), anterior segment depth (ACD), central corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressure (IOP) and prelamina and lamina cribrosa tissue thickness were investigated. the thickness of the lamina cribrosa tissue was measured as the distance between the anterior and posterior borders of the highly reflective area in the EDI-OCT horizontal section at the optic nerve head. The measurement of the thickness of the lamina cribrosa tissue was also measured to the extent of safety in the center where there were less vessels. Then CAG patients underwent laser iridotomy and OAG patients underwent trabeculectomy surgery. Before the treatment and after 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after the treatment, the patients underwent FU with the help of ONH OCT and the thickness of the prelamina and lamina cribrosa tissue was checked.
Results: After 6 months, the thickness of the lamina cribrosa in patients with CAG increased from 160.21 ± 30.21 µm to 201.73 ± 40.07 µm, and in the OAG group, it increased from 173.71 ± 39 µm to 182.86 ± 46.39 µm. The thickness of the prelamina tissue in patients with CAG increased from 155.46 ± 42.14 µm to 170.03 ± 35.31 µm, and in the OAG group, it increased from 172.57 ± 41.91 µm to 180.07 ± 32.06 µm (P<0.05 for all). Before treatment, the thickness of the prelamina tissue and the lamina cribrosa in patients with CAG was significantly less than in patients with OAG (P<0.05). After 6 months, the lamina cribrosa thickness in patients with CAG (201.73 ± 40.07 µm) was significantly greater than in patients with OAG (182.86 ± 46.39 µm) (P= 0.023).
Conclusion: The increase in the thickness of prelamina tissue and lamina cribrosa tissue after surgery in CAG and OAG patients using OCT imaging is different and the amount of increase in the thickness of lamina cribrosa tissue is more in CAG patients.

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