Showing 33 results for Asgar
Ss Asgary ,
Volume 56, Issue 3 (1 1998)
Abstract
Manifestation of chorea in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APA synd.) is not common. Moreover, primary presentation of the disease with chorea is rare and only few such cases are reported in literature in recent years. We report here the case of a 28 year old woman who was first seen at the age of 10 with clinical manifestations of chorea. Later she developed deep vein thrombosis, thrombocytpenia, stroke, cardiac valve involvement and recurrent abortions. Laboratory investigations confirmed the diagnosis of SLE and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. We present this patient as a case of SLE and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome with chorea being her primary clinical presentation
Kassra Karvandian, Afshin Jafarzadeh, Asgar Hagipur,
Volume 64, Issue 6 (3 2006)
Abstract
Background: percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy was invented by ciaglia in 1985. With advent of various instruments, various methods such as Fantoni, Grigges and etc, it became a widesepreadly used method of tracheostomy, especially in intensive care unit wards. In our country this was began in 2005, along with many work shops conducted by anesthesiology department of Tehran University of Medical sciences, with help of specialist from Turin University from ITALY.
Case report: In this report two patients who underwent percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy are presented, and are compared with patients who had undergo surgical tracheostomy. Their long and short term complications such as bleeding, injury extents, and recovery was studied and presented.
Conclusion: Tracheostomy is an opening in front of neck, in to the trachea, through which breathing is made possible. Percutaneous Dilatational Ttracheostomy (PDT) is a method of tracheostomy, in which the need for surgery and transfer of patient to operation room is alleviated. Dispite various benefits, PDT has a few short term and long term drawbacks, which are cartilage fracture, injury to vital structures, perforation of posterior wall, sever bleeding displacement of tube, tracheo-esophageal fistula and trache-oinnominate fistula. Incidence of these complications are lower than surgical tracheostomy. Global reports, especialllly from countries with large scale experiences present a different statistic regarding its success as an alternative method for patients with long surveillance and under mechanical ventilation.
Vahid Dastjerdi M, Alavi Tabari N, Asgari Z, Beygi A,
Volume 65, Issue 11 (1 2008)
Abstract
Background: Post-menopausal hemorrhage is one of the most common complains in gynecologic clinics. More than 60% of these cases have abnormal findings in diagnostic work ups. There is contraversy about the best diagnostic method for evaluating post-menopausal hemorrhage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of Trans-Vaginal Ultrasonography and compare its result to ones derived from direct endometrial biopsy and Hysteroscopy findings.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study, menopausal women who attended the outpatient clinic of Arash Hospital, Tehran University of medical Sciences, from April 2005 to March 2006 with the complain of hemorrhage were evaluated. In all of these patients, after getting informed consent, Trans-Vaginal Ultrasonography, Dilatation and Curettage and Hysteroscopy were performed.
Results: The total number of 90 women was recruited to the study with the age range of 41-80 years. The mean age of participants was 53.84 ± 6 years and 4.3 ± 5.1 years had passed from their menopause. The mean thickness of endometrium, measured by Trans Vaginal ultrasonography was 6.25 ± 3.7 millimeter. In the biopsy derived specimens, the most finding pathological presentation was atrophy (48.9%) and the Proliferative endometrium had the second prevalence (36.7%). Atrophy (44.4%) and Proliferative endometrium (33.3%) were the most prevalent finding in Hysteroscopy. There was a significant difference in endometrial thickness between groups of different pathological findings. A significant difference in endometrial thickness was also seen between groups with different Hysteroscopic finding. By grouping the data according to endometrial thickness, it became evident that endometrial thickness can predict the outcome of endometrial biopsy and Hysteroscopic finding efficiently. We used ROC curves to find the best grouping threshold for endometrial thickness to achieve the best sensitivity and specificity.
Conclusion: Measuring the endometrial thickness by Trans-Vaginal Ultrasonography is an appropriate non-invasive test for screening post-menopausal hemorrhage.
Badalzadeh R, Norouzzadeh A, Asgari A, Khoshbaten A,
Volume 65, Issue 12 (2 2008)
Abstract
Background: Exposure to low levels of lead increases blood pressure in humans and animals. Although there are controversial reports about the exact mechanisms of lead-induced hypertension, many factors such as alteration in the cardiovascular responsiveness to endogenous substances including catecholamines could be one of the mechanisms involved. In the present study, the effect of lead acetate on the systolic blood pressure and responsiveness to β-adrenergics was investigated in rats.
Methods: Through their drinking water, three groups of rats were exposed to 100 ppm lead acetate for periods of 4, 8 or 12 weeks. The blood pressures of the rats were monitored throughout the study. The rat hearts were isolated and perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution (pH=7.4) at 37˚C and gassed with 95% O2 + 5% CO2. The heart rate (chronotropic) and contractile (inotropic) responses were recorded before and after adding isoproterenol at multiple concentrations to the perfusion solution.
Results: The mean blood pressures in the 8 and 12-week lead-treated groups were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). The chronotropic response to many doses of isoproterenol was significantly increased in the 12-week lead-treated group compared to that of the control group (P<0.05). The inotropic response to this drug was significantly increased in both the 8- and 12-week lead-treated rats (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively).
Conclusions: Our results indicate that low-levels of lead increase systolic blood pressure as well as both chronotropic and inotropic effects of β-adrenergics, which could imply an important role in the pathogenesis of lead-induced hypertension.
Chamani-Tabriz L, Tehrani Mj, Zeraati H, Asgari S, Tarahomi M, Moini M, Ghasemi J,
Volume 66, Issue 7 (6 2008)
Abstract
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Background: Chlamydia
trachomatis is a common and curable STI that may be
symptomatic or asymptomatic. The few studies on C. trachomatis among Iranian women have
had, for the most part, small sample sizes and are therefore unsuitable for
epidemiological deductions. The aim of this study was to estimate the
prevalence of urogenital C. trachomatis infections by PCR on urine samples of married women in their
fertile years in order to determine the need for a C. trachomatis screening program for
asymptomatic women in Iran.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study
was performed on 991 married women. The research material consisted of
questionnaires and urine samples, which were transported daily to Avesina
Research Institute, Tehran,
Iran, to
extract their DNA and prepare them for PCR tests. The gathered data were
analyzed by SPSS, version 13, and evaluated statistically by t-test, chi-square
test, Fisher's exact test and logistic regression, considering p<0.05 as
significant.
Results: Of all the subjects, 127 (12.8%) were positive by PCR for C. trachomatis.
The mean age of the participants was 28.88±
6.19 years. Infection was more prevalent among
those with lower levels of education, who were employed and not pregnant. This
infection was more prevalent among those who were using contraception, especially
condoms. Reproductive history revealed that infection was more prevalent among
participants with a history of vaginal discharge, pelvic pain, infertility and
low birth-weight infants, and less prevalent among those with a history of abortion,
preterm delivery and ectopic pregnancy. However, these patterns were not statistically
significant.
Conclusion: In populations with C. trachomatis prevalences higher than 4%,
screening programs are recommended. Thus, Chlamydia screening should be part of the health care program in Iran to reduce the
burden of this disease.
Qaziasgar L, Kermanshahi Rk,
Volume 66, Issue 10 (4 2009)
Abstract
Background: Because of importance and extensive use of textile in clinical setting especially as bandage, so outbreak of nosocomial infections due to Bacteria resistance nanobiotechnological advances in recent decade, achieved methods for fabrication antimicrobial effect in fibers that can satisfied the needs of patients in the wake of health and hygiene.
Methods: The antimicrobial effect of special type of fibers produced in Isfahan Poly Acryl Plant on one resistant strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from 54 wound samples of patients in Isabn e Maryam hospital and P.aeruginosa (PTCC1024) was studied by using shake flask method. In order to compare the effect of pure antimicrobial agent of the fiber with that of gentamicin, the minimal inhibitory concentration of these agents was tested on strains. The effect of the interaction of these two antimicrobial agents and their fractional inhibitory concentration on chosen strains was studied using checkerboard method.
Results: The results show inefficient effect by antimicrobial fiber on P.aeruginosa strains after 24 hrs. But despite the high level MIC of gentamicin on these bacteria (1-3 µg/ml), the MIC of pure antimicrobial agent of fiber at a level of 10-3 µl/ml caused growth inhibition. The interaction of these antibacterial agents on the P.aeruginosa isolated from wound was evaluated as synergism.
Conclusions: According to this study the antimicrobial effect of the fiber on growth inhibition of P.aeruginosa strains is negative (despite of significant effect by pure antimicrobial agent used in produced the antimicrobial fiber on examined strains).
Sarmast Shoushtary Mh, Askarpour Sh, Asgari M, Talaiezadeh A, Sabet M,
Volume 66, Issue 11 (3 2009)
Abstract
Background: Although nonoperative management is as an alternative method for surgery in the management of blunt splenic trauma, there are many contraversies in criteria for appropriate selection of the best method of management in patients. This study was conducted to find clinical and diagnostic criteria for selection of patients for surgery.
Methods: One hundred and one patients with blunt splenic injury entered in our prospective observational and cross sectional study. Patients with unstable hemodyna-mics and obvious abdominal symptoms underwent emergency splenectomy was performed. In stable patients, abdominal and pelvic CT scan with IV contrast was performed. Patients with stable hemodynamics who lack obvious abdominal symptoms, admitted in ICU ward. Patients' demographics, blood pressure changes, hemoglobin concertration, severity of trauma with injury severity score (ISS) scoring system, CT scan findings, amount of blood transfusion Hospitalization time and mechanism of injury were recorded.
Results: From 101 patients, 61(60.3%) underwent early laparotomy. 40 patients were planned for conservative management. In 30 patients (29.7%) nonoperative management was successful. In 10 patients (9.9%) This management failed and they underwent surgery. Hypotension, hemoglobin concentration dropping more than one episode and blood transfusion requirement more than one time, increased the risk of operation. Higher ISS number and ISS≥16 had a direct relation with operative management. In patients who underwent early laparotomy CT grade of injury was higher. CT findings correlated well with laparotomy findings.
Conclusion: Nonoperative management was successful in 75% of selected patients. With correct selection of patients and concerning to homodynamic status, hemoglobin concentration changes and injury severity score in conjunction with CT findings, we can use this management in greater number of patients.
Zahra Asgari , Farahzad Aiaty , Haideh Samiei ,
Volume 67, Issue 6 (9-2009)
Abstract
Background: Over the past 50 years, subtotal or supracervical hysterectomy has come to be viewed as a suboptimal procedure reserved for those rare instances in which when concern over blood loss or anatomic distortion dictates limiting the extent of dissection, the aim of this study was to compare total and subtotal laparoscopic hysterectomy.
Methods: The patients who were candidates for hysterectomy with benign disease, with no contraindication for laparoscopic surgery entered the study in Arash Hospital, from March 2007 to April 2009. By simple randomization 45 patients (25 for TLH and 20 for SLH) were selected. Demographic Details and intra and post operative complications, were recorded by the staff and were compared between two groups.
Results: The average time for TLH operations look significantly longer than SLH operation (148.6±29.7 minutes 128.5±25.64 minutes, p=0.03). Although, the hemoglobin (gr/dl) drop in TLH was significantly higher than SLH (1.54 Versus 0.9, p<0.05) Blood transfusion were common in SLH (1 case Versus 3 Cases). The total length of hospital stay, was significantly shorter after SLH than TLH (3.6±1.47 day and 2.85±0.59, p=0.04). The drug requirements to control pain during hospitalization after both surgeries with analgesic injection were not significantly different, but with suppositories analgesic in SLH more than TLH. The time of return to normal activity was reported (p<0.0001) significantly shorter after SLH than TLH (13.12±18.1 and 5.04±1.79, p=0.0001). Sexual function had no significant difference between two groups but dysparunia in SLH was significantly lower than TLH (p=0.02). Cyclic bleeding and cervical prolaps, was not reported in two groups. Finally intra and post operative complications were more frequent in TLH.
Conclusions: SLH is a safe and effective surgery. Our data suggest that SLH can replace TLH in selected cases.
Asgarani F, Khajeali L, Esfahanian F, Vosogh Mh, Esteghamati Ar, Nakhjavani M,
Volume 67, Issue 9 (6 2009)
Abstract
Background: Increased rate of oxidative stress have important role in diabetic nephropathy. Oxidative stress induces the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes. One of them, Extracellular- SOD (EC–SOD) is a major anti-oxidative enzyme and the only one that neutralizes superoxide ion, a precursor of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between diabetes- associated oxidative stress and antioxidative defense in macroalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients.
Methods: One hundred and thirty three patients (74 women, 59 men) with type 2 diabetes were studied during 1385-86. According to level of urinary protein, two groups of patients normoalbuminuric (urinary protein excertion below 30mg/24h) and macroalbuminuric (urinary protein excretion more than 300mg/24) were recognized. In each group serum level of oxidized- LDL and EC-SOD were measured.
Results: The mean age of patients and the mean duration of diabetes was 59.09±8.26 years and 137.92±65.91 months, respectively. The plasma oxidized-LDL level and extracellular- superoxide dimutase level were significantly higher in macroalbuminuric than normoalbuminuric group (88.57±33.36 versus 78.24±27.59u/l, p=0.039 for oxidized-LDL and 87.60±21.18 versus 76.25±16.25mu/l, p<0.001 for EC-SOD). Oxidized- LDL was significantly correlated to EC-SOD in macroalbuminuric patients (r=0.425, p<0.0001). Oxidized-LDL and EC-SOD does not correlate to Fasting Plasma Glucose and HbA1c in each two groups.
Conclusion: The significantly elevated plasma oxidized-LDL in patients with macroalbuminuria suggests that, oxidized-LDL may play an important role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Besides severity of oxidative stress in macroalbuminuic patients, increase level of EC-SOD enzyme could be a compensatory mechanism to prevent tissue damage.
Yousefi A, Asgari F,
Volume 67, Issue 11 (4 2010)
Abstract
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Background: Neuroleptic
malignant syndrome is an idiosyncratic and potentially fatal reaction to
neuroleptic drugs and is characterized by fever, muscular rigidity, altered
mental status, autonomic dysfunction, elevated serum CPK and
leucocytosis Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is treated with dantrolene,
bromocriptin, amantadin and electroconvulsive therapy.
Case: A 22 years old,
schizophrenic female was refered to the Emergency ward of Roozbeh hospital in
Tehran, Iran in December 2008 with aggression, impulsivity, and reduced sleep.
After injection of haloperidol, the patient developed a high grade fever,
diaphoresis and muscular stiffness. She was diagnosed as neuroleptic malignant
syndrome and the treatment with dantrolen, bromocriptin and amantadin
initiated. Although fever subsided, other signs continued, therefore we applied
electroconvulsive therapy to this case.
Conclusion: Due to excellent response of the patient to electroconvulsive
therapy and the rare reports of electroconvulsive therapy in neuroleptic
malignant syndrome in the
Iranian population, this case may lead to develop studies for further
investigations of this issue.
Asgari M, Mirrokni Sm,
Volume 68, Issue 9 (6 2010)
Abstract
Background: Botulinum
toxin (Dysport) is a powerful semi-biological toxin. It has proved to be a
remarkable therapeutic agent for treatment of benign anal disorders. Different
results have been achieved from injection of botulinum toxin in order to
treatment of anal fissure since 1993. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of
botulinum toxin injection in the treatment of chronic anal fissure Comparing
with lateral internal anal sphincterotomy (LIS).
Methods: 36 patients
entered into two groups, Dysport injection and Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy,
randomly. Dysport group were treated by injection of 50 units of
botulinum toxin, 25 units of drugs in each side, and LIS was done in
surgery group by open method in left side. Pain, recovery and incontinency were
compared between two groups during six months of follow up.
Results: Based on this study,
treatment of anal fissure does not affected by age and gender. Regarding to
location of fissure, there was no difference between two different genders. Mean of age and ratio of gender were similar in both
groups. The severity of pain in surgery group was lower than Dysport group six
months after treatment (0.4±0.7 and 3.2±2.6 respectively, p<0.001). Recovery ratio in surgery group was higher than Dysport after six
months (95% Vs. 44.4% p<0.001). Gas or fecal incontinency did not reported after
six months in both groups.
Conclusion: Botulinum toxin is not efficacious in patients
with chronic anal fissure, comparing with LIS. More future studies are necessary for final judgement.
Barkhordari Asgar, Hassanzadeh Taghi, Saidijam Masoud, Esmaeili Rasoul, Paoli Max,
Volume 69, Issue 12 (5 2012)
Abstract
Background: Hypercholesterolemia is considered a major risk factor for pancreatitis, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene polymorphisms are known to be associated with changes in lipid levels. We investigated the association between a polymorphism in the CETP gene (D442G) with plasma lipid levels and CETP activity in patients with hypercholesterolemia.
Methods: This case/control study that be done in Hamadan university of medical sciences (from October 2008 to September 2009), included 102 patients with hypercholesterolemia and 200 healthy individuals. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphisms were used to determine genotypic distribution and allelic frequencies of polymorphisms. The plasma CETP activity was measured by a kit in a fluorescence spectrometer. Lipid concentrations were measured by routine biochemical and enzymatic assays.
Results: Plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity was significantly higher in the cases than the controls (P<0.05). The genotypic and allelic frequencies for this polymorphism were not statistically different between the patients with hypercholesterolemia and the controls (in controls: DD 96%, DG 4%, GG 0% and in cases: DD 86%, DG 10%, GG 4%), (P>0.05). Plasma HDL-C, LDL-C and TC were higher in both groups with GG and DG genotypes than with DD genotype, whereas serum CETP activity was lower in GG genotype compared with other genotypes (GD or DD), (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results showed that D442G polymorphism of CETP gene was associated with changes in lipid profile and plasma CETP activity in the selected population and it might have a role in contributing to a genetic risk for developing coronary artery disease.
Sadrpour P, Bahador A, Asgari S, Bagheri R, Chamani-Tabriz L,
Volume 70, Issue 10 (4 2013)
Abstract
Background: Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection in the world, but the effect of this infection on male fertility is still controversial. Despite reports of interaction between Mycoplasma genitalium and sperm, this pathogen in semen samples of infertile men is less studied. We studied, the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium infection in infertile men.
Methods: Among attending Avicenna Infertility Center, 120 men who had abnormal semen analysis tests were selected and the samples were taken. After detailed analysis of semen quality, DNA was extracted from each sample by chelex. Samples were evaluated for these two pathogens by multiplex PCR. Results were statistically analyzed.
Results: Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium was detected in 23/3% and 12/5% of the samples, respectively. Although, Mycoplasma genitalium infection rises by increasing (P=0.640) and decreasing in age of first sexually activity (P=0.203), and also positive cases of Chlamydia trachomatis infection showed increase regarding age increase (P=0.619) and age decrease in first sexually activity (P=0.511), but these differences were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: All in all, regarding to the increased prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection compared with the only similar study in Iran and high prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium infection in infertile men, this assessment was done. A multiplex PCR protocol rapidly and simultaneously identify these organisms in comparison with uniplex from clinical samples. Based on our results screening for Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium infection among infertile men seems to be valuable.
Nastaran Khosravi , Nasrin Khalesi , Samileh Noorbakhsh , Shima Javadinia , Ramin Asgarian , Azardokht Tabatabai ,
Volume 71, Issue 11 (February 2014)
Abstract
Background: Meningitis is one of the serious and dangerous infections in the infancy and childhood and rapid diagnosis of meningococcal disease is important, especially in infants. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein found in blood and is an acute phase protein. CRP sensitive reactive that used for diagnosis of infection. This study conducted to assessment of the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid C-reactive protein, and neonatal meningitis, as well as diagnostic value of test.
Methods: Forty nine hospitalized infant that suspected to meningitis were enrolled in this analytic cross sectional research via non probable accessible sampling. 28 patients (52.7%) of all the patients were male and 21 patients (42.8%) were female. The average age of the patients was 22.6±11.88 days. Data from clinical examinations and laboratory tests entered in a questionnaire and all of samples divided in two bacterial (septic) and non-bactria (aseptic) meningitis group. All data including cerebrospinal fluid CRP of newborns were statistically analyzed.
Results: In total, the mean and standard deviation of age was 22.6±11.88 days. 57.2% of infants were male and 42.8% were female. In total, 40.82% of infants were diagnosed with septic meningitis. There was no significant difference between septic and aseptic groups in terms of sex (P= 1.00) also in terms of age (P= 0.1). The mean and standard deviation of CRP level in septic meningitis group was 0.95±0.68 mg/L and in aseptic group was 0.16±0.36 mg/L. The CRP level difference in septic meningitis group compare with aseptic group was statistically significant (P<0.000). The finding showed that cut off point for CRP level as a diagnostic test was 0.17 mg/L, sensitivity was 95% and specificity was 86%.
Conclusion: In the present study, newborns with septic meningitis had higher cerebrospinal fluid CRP level than newborns with aseptic meningitis, and CSF-CRP can be used in rapid diagnosis of septic and aseptic meningitis. Although this result has been seen in many studies, but more research is needed.
Shima Javadi-Nia , Samileh Noorbakhsh , Anahita Izadi , Mohammad Reza Shokrollahi , Ramin Asgarian , Azardokht Tabatabaei ,
Volume 71, Issue 12 (March 2014)
Abstract
Background: Severity of respiratory infection in children is depended on various fac-tors such as causative organism and the host immunologic response to the organism. Vitamins and micronutrients play an important role in this response with supporting the immune system and therefore, the response to infections. Nutritional deprivations in children, especially vitamins and micronutrients such as zinc, vitamin A and vitamin D are very common in middle east and other countries in Asia, which is due to inappro-priate diet and nutrient loss in recurrent infections. This study aimed to evaluate the se-rum levels of vitamins A, D and zinc in hospitalized children aged six months to five years.
Methods: This analytic cross-sectional study was performed in 65 children aged six months to five years who were hospitalized in pediatric and surgical wards of Rasul Akram Hospital and Bahrami Hospital in Tehran. All of samples were evaluated ac-cording to WHO cri-teria for acute respiratory infection, and underwent measurement of serum vitamin A, vitamin D and zinc levels by using Atomic, Elisa and spectropho-tometer methods.
Results: Serum levels of vitamins A in patients with acute respiratory infection was 0.27±0.16 µg/ml and in children without infection was 0.41±0.2 µg/ml, that different wasn’t statistically significant (P=0.4). Serum levels of vitamins D in patients with acute respiratory infection was 35.37±34.68 ng/ml and in children without infection was 45.78±21.05 ng/ml, that different wasn’t statistically significant (P=0.1). Serum levels of zinc in patients with acute respiratory infection was 87.93±23.34 µg/dl and in chil-dren without infection was 106.95±23.70 µg/dl, the difference was statistically signifi-cant (P=0.002).
Conclusion: According to finding in this trial, there is a correlation between lower levels of zinc in serum, and chance of respiratory tract infection in children. Future larger studies could provide the correlation between serum levels of vitamins A & D and chance of respiratory tract infection.
Shima Javadinia , Ramin Asgarian , Samileh Noorbaksh , Behnam Soboti , Mohammad Reza Shokrollahi , Azardokht Tabatabaee ,
Volume 72, Issue 2 (May 2014)
Abstract
Background: Toxic shock syndrome (TSS), a dangerous consequence of Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The early detection for infections of Staphylococcus aureus in burned children is very important, also the pre-vention for consequences of TSST-1. Fever is one of the most noticeable sign in burned children. On the other hand, fever is one of the important consequences of TSST-1 pro-duction.
Methods: This study aimed to assess the toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 level in the wound’s specimens of two groups febrile and afebrile in the hospitalized burned chil-dren in Motahari hospital Tehran, Iran in the year 2013. In this case-control study, 90 children who admitted to the burn unit, divided in two groups of 45 patients: febrile (cases group) and afebrile (control group). All of burned children under went wound biopsy, and then all of wound’s specimens were tested by PCR for specific primer of toxin producing genome. Finally all of data collected and statistically analyzed. This data include group febrile and afebrile, demographic characteristics, percentage of burned surface severity and result of PCR.
Results: The positive result for PCR test, production of TSST-1 in febrile burned chil-dren (cases group) was 37.7% and in afebrile burned children (control group) was 11.1% that this different was statistically significant (P=0.003). The mean and stan-dard deviation for percentage of burned surface (severity) in samples with positive re-sult for PCR test was 30.9±16.93 and in samples with negative result for PCR test was 20.09±11.02 that this different was statistically significant (P=0.01). There was no dif-ference between positive PCR result and negative PCR result of age and sex.
Conclusion: Direct association was approved between the production of TSST-1 and the occurrence of fever in burned children. Increased surface severity of burns also re-lated to the production of TSST-1. Further research is recommended.
Nastaran Khosravi , Nasrin Khalesi , Samileh Noorbakhsh , Azardokht Tabatabaei , Bahman Ahmadi , Ramin Asgarian , Shima Javadi-Nia,
Volume 72, Issue 8 (November 2014)
Abstract
Background: Assessment of the serum lead’s concentration in the newborn immediately after birth can be effective for the detection of lead poisoning in the early stages and prevent of developmental disorders and neuropsychiatric behaviors. This study aimed to assess the serum lead levels of cord blood in some of the hospitalized newborns.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytic study conducted in the newborns ward of two hospitals (Rasoul Akram and Akbar Abadi) From December 2011 to October 2012 in Tehran, Iran. After non-probability sampling, 60 newborns in the first days after birth, underwent the cord blood sampling and the cord blood lead levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Then all of data were collected and analyzed. The serum lead concentration greater than 5 μg/dl was considered valuable.
Results: In total, 61.4% of samples were boys. The mean (±SD) of gestational age was 37.4±2.64 weeks and mean (±SD) of birth weight was 2701±642.8g. The mean (±SD) of maternal age was 29.20±6.73 years. 70% of mothers were urban. 13% of mothers had a history of drug use, and 5% were current smokers. The mean (±SD) of the serum lead level of cord blood was 2.97±2.24 μg/dl. This level was not associated with fetal gender, place of residence, drug history and current smoking. This level in the 16.7% of samples was greater than 5 μg/dl (high risk cases). High risk level was associated with maternal age, weight and fetal age (P=0.02, P=0.004, P=0.03), but this level was not associated with fetal gender, place of residence, drug history and current smoking.
Conclusion: Serum lead level of cord blood was relatively higher than other studies, although the prevalence of the high risk newborns (serum blood lead levels greater than 5 μg/dl) was low. Further research has recommended assessing the serum lead level in other newborns in the different areas to identify risk factors of neuromotor outcome in infants to prevent.
Shahrbanoo Nakhaei , Yasamin Mohammadzadeh , Reza Behmadi , Ozra Ebrahimi Nasab, Leila Asgarzadeh ,
Volume 72, Issue 11 (February 2015)
Abstract
Background: Functional constipation and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are two common childhood digestive disorders which can cause a lot of complications among them if untreated. Since an overlap and relationship between functional gastrointestinal disorders have been shown in some studies, so present study was performed to investigate the frequency of functional constipation among children with reflux in compare with children without reflux.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on all children who referred to digestive diseases clinic of Ali-Asghar Hospital in Tehran, Iran, from April 2008 to January 2010. Patients that referred for follow up were excluded from study and a total of 474 children were included in this study. A questionnaire including symptoms of reflux and functional constipation was completed for all subjects by design’s executer after parental consent. Other data related to history, physical examination and results of paraclinic investigations for functional constipation diagnosis were also collected.
Results: In general 247 children (52%) were male and 227 children (48%) were female. Nineteen children (4%) had gastroesophageal reflux disease in this study which 6 of them (31.5%) were less than 1 year old and 13 of them (68.5%) were greater than 1 year old. Opisthotonic posturing, abdominal pain, heartburn and recurrent vomiting were the most common symptoms in children with reflux. There was also functional constipation in 60 children. Twelve patients (63.2%) had functional constipation among 19 children with reflux, whereas 48 patients (10.5%) had functional constipation among 455 children without reflux. This different frequency ranges of functional constipation among children with and without gastroesophageal reflux was statistically significant (P= 0.001).
Conclusion: The frequency of functional constipation in children with gastroesophageal reflux was significantly more than normal children. Further studies are recommended to investigate the relationship between functional constipation and gastroesophageal reflux in children.
Mohammad Ali Rashmezad , Elahe Ali Asgary, Farzaneh Tafvizi , Seyed Ataollah Sadat Shandiz, Amir Mirzaie ,
Volume 72, Issue 12 (March 2015)
Abstract
Background: Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has attracted the attention of the scientific community in nanotechnology and biotechnology due to their extensive application in the area of material sciences and medicine. Nowadays, despite a various application of nanomaterial’s, there is a little information about their impact on human health. In this study, we investigated the comparative study on cytotoxicity effect of biological and commercial synthesized nanosilver on human gastric carcinoma (AGS) and normal lung fibroblast (MRC-5) cell lines.
Methods: The current experimental study was carried out in Islamic Azad University, East Tehran Branch, from April to November 2014. The biological synthesis of nanosilver was obtained from Eucalyptus plant extract as a reducing agent. Further to more analysis, morphological study on size and shape of developed biological nanosilver was characterized by performing scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. AGS and MCR-5 cell lines were treated with various concentration of nanosilver for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Finally, the cell viability was evaluated by using MTT assay.
Results: The results show that the nanosilver exerts a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on viability of cells. At 100µg/mL of commercial and biological synthesized nanosilver, the viability of AGS was reduced to 7.47±0.002% (P=0.002) and 3.65±0.01% (P=0.003) after 72 hours, respectively. In addition, the viability of MRC-5 at the same condition was reduced to 10.27±0.19% (P=0.001) and 9.16±1.53% (P=0.002), respectively.
Conclusion: Based on a thorough literature surveys, the present study is the first research about biosynthesis of nanosilver using Eucalyptus plant extract. This eco-friendly and cost effective method can be used for large scale production of silver nanoparticle. In addition, based on the current obtained data, commercial and biological synthesized nanosilver can more inhibitory effect on cancer cells compared to the normal cells. Hence, silver nanoparticles might be used as a new strategy for treating many human cancers. However, further studies are necessary to ascertain their potential as anticancer agents.
Samaneh Asgari , Davood Khalili , Fereidoun Azizi , Fatemeh Eskandari , Narges Sarbazi , Farzad Hadaegh ,
Volume 72, Issue 12 (March 2015)
Abstract
Background: In Nov 2013, the instruction for controlling high cholesterol has been released by the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) which need to be assessed in the different communities.
Methods: Of total 6275 individual aged 40-75 years who entered at the Tehran Lipids and Glucose Study from March 1999 to 20 March 2010 in first examination cycle, 5153 with the median follow-up of more than ten years were eligible to enter in this study. The 10-year risk of hard cardiovascular disease (Hard CVD) for Statin therapy based on ACC/AHA clinical guideline was calculated and this risk was calculated for each subgroup of the guideline who recommended for statin therapy comparing to the risk in individuals with prevalent CVD.
Results: Of nearly 6.5 million urban population of Iran (according to the 1996 census) about 4 million individuals (2.55 million men and 1.4 million women) were eligible for statin therapy. With respect to the urban population growth from the 1996 to the 2011 census (about 2.5 percent increases) the number of individuals for receiving statin increased by 50% (5 million men and 3 million women). Also, the risk in non-diabetic men with calculated risk of 5-7.5% and diabetic women with calculated risk of <5% for hard CVD was lower than 0.2. By removing these people from total eligible population, the burden of statin therapy will reduced about 8% which is about 540.752 persons, according to the Census 1996 and 1.155.079 individuals based on the census 2011.
Conclusion: The new guideline of ACC/AHA for statin therapy is relatively reasonable except for some subgroups. To reduce the burden of medical expenses, statin prescription can be ignored by physicians in these subgroups. Of course further research is required to calculate the net benefit for estimating the clinical usefulness of statin therapy in recommended guideline subgroups.
