Showing 20 results for Attar
M.h Baradaran-Fard, Sh Taghipoor-Zahir, F Dodangeh , M Attar,
Volume 64, Issue 1 (30 2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Adenoids and tonsils are active lymphoid organs and playing an important role against invading antigens of upper aero digestive tract in children. The purpose of this study is observing the changes in cellular and humoral immunity of children six months after adenotonsillectomy.
Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of 30 children (aged 4-10 years) with chronic adenotonsillar hypertrophy and 30 age- matched healthy children. In all children serum level of IgM and IgG, percentage of T lymphocytes (CD3) , T helper (CD4) , T (CD8) and B lymphocytes (CD20) were measured. These parameters were re-measured in patients 6 months after adenotonsillectomy.
Results: Before the operation, a reduction in percentage of T lymphocytes (CD3) , TCD4, TCD8 and B CD20 was seen compared with control group. This reduction was only significant in T lymphocytes (CD3) (P.Value=0.03). The serum IgM level was not different in two groups and IgG level was elevated in two groups but not significantly different. Six months after operation the percentage of lymphocytes T CD3+, TCD8+, TCD4+ and BCD20+ was increased and reached the control group. The IgG level was also significently decreased in patients after operation (P.Value=0.00).
Conclusion: Our results indicate that cellular and humoral immunity decreases in children with chronic adenotonsillar hypertrophy preoperatively and increases to healthy children level, six months postoperatively. It means that chronic adenotosillar hypertrophy affects some parameters of cellular and humoral immunity and adenotonsillectomy by removing chronic stimulations reverses these changes without any negative effect on immune function of patients.
Mousavi M, Eslami M, Sattarzadeh Badkoubeh R, Radmehr H, Salehi M, Tavakoli N, Avadi Mr,
Volume 64, Issue 10 (2 2006)
Abstract
Background: Adrenergic beta antagonists are not sufficient to prevent atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). This study was designed to evaluate the effect of ascorbic acid as an adjunct to beta-blockers in prevention of post-CABG atrial fibrillation
Methods: Patients who were more than 50 years old and scheduled to undergo CABG were included if they were treated with beta-blockers at least 1 week before surgery. Patients with previous history of atrial fibrillation, AV block, heart rate <50 /min, end-stage renal disease, severe pulmonary or liver disease and those who were taking digoxin or class I and III anti-arrhythmics or had pacemakers were not included. Ascorbic acid group were prescribed 2 gm of ascorbic acid, the night before the surgery, and 1 gm twice daily for 5 days after surgery. Beta blockers continued in both group after surgery. Telemetry monitoring was performed in ICU and Holter monitoring was performed for 4 days.
Results: Fifty patients completed the study as ascorbic acid and 50 as control group. The population was 60.19 ± 7.14 years old and 67% were male. The incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation was 4% in the ascorbic acid group and 26% in control group (odds ratio=0.119, 95% confidence interval: 0.025 to 0.558, P=0.002)
Conclusion: Ascorbic acid is well-tolerated, relatively safe and seems effective. Therefore it can be prescribed as an adjunct to beta-blockers for prophylaxis of post-CABG atrial fibrillation.
Asadi Amoli F, Akbarzadeh Jahromi M, Attar M, Azadbakht F,
Volume 66, Issue 8 (5 2008)
Abstract
Background: Chlamydia Trachomatis is the most common cause of trachoma and subsequently give rise to neonatal chlamydial conjunctivitis (NCC), adult ophthalmic inclusion infection, sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and pneumonia. The goal of this study was to access the incidence of chlamydia trachomatis in the normal (ophthalmic infection free) population.
Methods: In a cross sectional study 250 patients referring to Farabi Eye university Hospital Tehran, Iran for non infectious ophthalmic disease in different age categories were selected and accessed for chlamydial IgM and IgG by ELISA method.
Results: 250 patients (50% men and 50% women) with the mean age of 40 (ranging from one to 83 years old) were tested. IgG was detected in 11 (five females and six males) patients (4.4%) All of them had more than 31 years old. IgM was detected in 18 (13 females and 5 males) patients (7.2%). No test revealed simultaneous high IgG and IgM titre in the same patient.
Conclusions: There was a low grade of chlamydial infection in our study population. So it is recommended to use serological methods for screening of ophthalmic infections in centers where no other test methods are available and in case of positive results confirmatory antigen tests to be used.
Bagheri R, Haghy Sz, Rahim Mb, Attaran D, Silanian Toosi M,
Volume 67, Issue 2 (5 2009)
Abstract
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Background: Pleural
malignant mesothelioma is an uncommon but extremely invasive tumor which
originates from mesothelial cells and usually occures after prolonged exposure
to asbestos. The aim of this study was to clinicopathologically evaluation of 40
patients with pleural malignant mesothelioma and the main factors influencing
their prognosis.
Methods: In this
study patients with definitive diagnosis, who had been followed up for at least
three years were studied based on gender, age presenting symptoms, and
clinicopathological patterns.
Results: Male to
female ratio of the study patients was three to one any the average age of them
was 55 years. Chest pain was the most common symptoms in 34(85%) patients. Most
of the study patients were in Buchard stage I (37/5%) and the epithelial form
was the most common pathological pattern 25(62.5%). 19(47.5%) of cases received
only radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Extrapleural pneumonectomy was performed on
eight (20%) patients, seven (17.5%) patients underwent decortication and
pleurectomy beside adjuvant therapy and 15% of the cases rejected any type of
treatment. Surgical mortality occurred in one patient and the most common surgical
complication was wound infection. The average survival rate was 12±1.2 months and the main factors influencing it
were the patient's physiologic status, pathological form, stage of the disease
and the pattern of pleural involvement.
Conclusions: Because the low survival rate after multimodality invasive treatments in
mesothelioma, aggressive therapeutic methods were recommended in selected
patients
Sattarzadeh Badkoubeh R, Tavoosi A, Heidari K, Rezaei Hemami M,
Volume 68, Issue 5 (6 2010)
Abstract
Background: Estimation of Left Ventricular End Diastolic Pressure (LVEDP) among patients with Mitral Stenosis (MS) helps to diagnose diastolic dysfunction and to explain their symptoms. However, Conventional Doppler measurements have limitation in predicting of LVEDP. This study sought to establish whether the correlation between measurements derived from Tissue Doppler echocardiography and LVEDP remains valid in the setting of severe mitral stenosis.
Methods: Thirty three patients with moderate to severe MS who had indication for left heart catheterization enrolled during 1387-88 in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran. The mean diastolic transmitral pressure gradient and mitral valve area (MVA) were calculated, and Two-dimensional, M-mode, color Doppler and tissue Doppler Imaging indices such as: early diastolic mitral inflow velocity (E), annular early diastolic velocity (Ea), E/A ratio, Isovolemic relaxation time (IVRT), Pulmonary Vein systolic and diastolic flow velocities, Velocity Propagation, LA size, TE-Ea, Tei Index were obtained in maximum three hours before cardiac catheterization. The echocardiography analysis was performed offline without knowledge of hemodynamic data Linear correlation and multiple linear regression were used for analysis. p< 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: In univariate analysis, E/Ea was associated with LVEDP significantly (p = 0.04, r = 0.38). There was also a significant correlation between TE-Ea and LVDP (p = 0.01, r = -0.44). In multiple linear regression Tei Index (ß = 0.4, p< 0.02), and TE-Ea (ß = 0.5, p = 0.02) were showed as independent predictors of LVEDP (R2 = 49%).
Conclusion: Although we observed a moderate correlation between Doppler measurements and LVEDP in patients with severe MS, more similar studies are required.
Sattarzade Badkoobeh R, Nozari Y, Larti F, Safari S, Ahmadi F, Emami M,
Volume 68, Issue 10 (5 2011)
Abstract
Background: The role of reactive oxygen
species (ROS) in the pathogenesis
of different cardiac diseases has been documented. Recently, effect of
allopurinol in decreasing the production of ROS and
improving cardiovascular pathogenesis has come into scientific interest. Animal
studies have documented the benefit of allopurinol in improving left
ventricular dilatation, hypertrophy and fibrosis, and myocardial contractility
and in the prevention of systemic vasoconstriction. The aim of this study was
to evaluate the effect of allopurinol in improving diastolic dysfunction in ESRD
patients with hyperuricemia.
Methods: This was an interventional study on 28 patients
(19 males and 9 females)
with ESRD and hyperuricemia. At the end of a one-month
course of allopurinol therapy (100 mg daily),
echocardiographic indices of diastolic dysfunction were measured and compared
to the baseline indices.
Results: The mean level of uric acid was 7.5±0.96 mg/dl. The
mean EF before and after the study were %44.28±%9.8
and %44.64±%9.7, (no significant difference),
Respectively. The two indices of IVCT and
A reversal were shown to have significant
improvement after therapy (p=0.028 and 0.012,
respectively). The grading of diastolic dysfunction didn't improve
significantly after treatment with allopurinol.
Conclusion: Significant
improvement in some of studied indices, reproduced only in male subgroup of
patients that might be related to a better response of males to allopurinol,
however, a longer course of treatment may result in more favorable responses.
Better patient selection in terms of "EF"s
with normal distribution and repeating the study in non-dialysis hyperuricemic
patients may result in more accurate information.
Alizadeh Z, Kordi R, Hossein-Zadeh Attar Mj, Mansournia Ma,
Volume 69, Issue 4 (6 2011)
Abstract
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Background: Obesity is a major health problem all around the world. On the other hand, few
people, especially women, are physically active to the levels recommended by Healthy
People 2010 web site managed by
the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The
objective of this study was to compare the potential effects of intermittent
and continuous exercise programs combined with concurrent calorie restriction
diets on lipid profile and fasting blood sugar in overweight and obese females.
Methods : Forty-five women with a sedentary life style and a BMI
greater than 25 kg/m2,
were randomly assigned to one of the three groups (15
subjects in each group): a) 40
minutes of medium-intensity intermittent exercise (64-76%
of maximal heart rate), 3
bouts per day for 5 days a week, b) a
single bout of a 40-minute continuous
exercise per day for 5 days a week, C)
the non-exercising control group. A self-monitored
calorie restricted diet was recommended to all participants by a dietitian. The
lipid profile, fasting blood sugar and blood pressure of all participants were
assessed at baseline and 12 weeks after the intervention
period.
Results : After the intervention, there were no significant differences among the groups
in terms of lipid profile [cholesterol (P=0.94),
triglyceride (P=0.62)] fasting blood sugar (P=0.054),
systolic blood pressure (P=0.84) or diastolic
blood pressure (P=0.30).
Conclusion: There
seems to be no significant differences between short term continuous and
intermittent aerobic exercise programs in improving lipid profile, fasting
blood sugar or blood pressure both in overweight and obese women.
Sourati Jabloo D, Attarzadeh Hosseini Sr, Sayadpour Zanjani D, Ahmadi A,
Volume 70, Issue 2 (4 2012)
Abstract
Background: The basal levels of androgens in women decline gradually with age. These changes may reduce muscle strength and bone density leading to fatigue and psychological problems. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of resistance and endurance exercises on androgens, cortisol and lactate concentrations in elderly women.
Methods: In this study, 10 elderly women with a mean age of 54.3±3.74 years and a BMI of 24.88±2.07 kg/m2 completed an endurance exercise session (ES), a resistance exercise session (RS), and a control session (CS) in a randomized, cross-balanced design. The RS consisted of three sets of 10 repetitions of eight exercises with 80% 1RM (one repetition maximum) over of 45 minutes and the ES consisted of cycling at 60%-70% of maximum oxygen consumption for 45 minutes. During the CS, subjects performed no exercise. Before and immediately after exercises, and after 15 minutes of recovery, and also during CS blood samples were obtained an analyzed for serum testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, cortisol and lactate.
Results: There was a significant increase in testosterone levels following resistance and endurance exercise sessions (P<0.05). Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate demonstrated a significant increase after resistance exercise (P<0.05). While differences in cortisol levels were not significant within groups, but they were significant (P<0.05) between groups.
Conclusion: A session of resistance exercise in elderly women can increase concentrations of androgens that are essential for their health and well-being.
Rahbar Mohammad, Azimi Leila, Mohammad-Zadeh Monaaranak, Alinejad Faranak, Soleymanzadeh Somayeh, Sattarzadeh Mahboobeh, Rastegar Lari Abdolaziz,
Volume 70, Issue 3 (4 2012)
Abstract
Background: The increasing use of β-lactam antibiotics in clinics for the treatment of different bacterial infections since early 1980s has led to increased rates of resistant bacteria isolated from patients. One of the problems in the treatment of nosocomial infections is related to resistant bacteria such as Enterobacter cloacae due to cross resistance through extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing E. cloacae from different clinical specimens collected from hospitalized patients.
Methods: In the present study, 101 E. cloacae confirmed by standard specific microbiologic tests were collected from different specimens in Milad and Motahri hospitals in Tehran, Iran during February 2010 and September 2011. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted according to the process recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute for 13 antibiotics of choice. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing strains were screened for by combined disk method as a phenotypic diagnostic test.
Results: From a total of 101 E. cloacae, 33 (33%) were shown to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase by phenotypic tests 5% of the bacteria were resistant to imipenem too.
Conclusion: This study clearly showed the high prevalence of resistance to broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics in the isolated E. cloacae among which 5% were multi drug resistant. All the isolated E. cloacae were susceptible to Colistin. These results can be alarming for physicians treating resistant E. cloacae infections, especially extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing species.
Sattarzadeh Badkoobeh R, Derakhshan L, Farhang Zand Parsa A, Pasha Meysamie A, Khosravi B, Grayly B, Jabari Sm,
Volume 70, Issue 8 (5 2012)
Abstract
Background: Measurements of mitral valve area (MVA) are essential to determine the severity of mitral stenosis (MS) and adopt the best management strategies. The aim of the present study was to compare MVA determined by two-dimensional (2D) planimetry to MVA measured by continuity equation (CE) in patients with moderate to severe MS.
Methods: We evaluated 73 consecutive patients with the diagnosis of MS scheduled for balloon mitral valvuloplasty or with moderate to severe rheumatic MS admitted at the echocardiography clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital in 2010. Using 2D images of mitral valve obtained from paraesternal short axis view, 2D planimetry of the mitral orifice area was performed by an experienced cardiologist. MVA by CE was calculated from aortic forward stroke volume divided by transmitral time-velocity integral.
Results: The mean value of MVA by 2-D planimetry was 1.0±0.3 cm2. The average values of MVA measured by PHT and CE were 1.0±0.3 cm2 and 0.9±0.4 cm2, respectively. The MVA determined by planimetry correlated well with CE (r=0.832, standard error of estimation [SEE]= 0.166, P<0.001). The mean values of MVA calculated by CE highly correlated with those calculated by 2-D planimetry in patients presenting with both non-significant (r=0.701) and significant (r=0.761) AIs.
Conclusion: When planimetry is not feasible, such as in severe calcification of mitral valve or after percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty, CE could be an alternative method for MVA measurement in comparison with PHT.
Golbakhsh M, Siavashi B, Attar M, Ramim T,
Volume 71, Issue 1 (4 2013)
Abstract
Background: Severe spondylolisthesis is related to high degenerative changes in verte-bral spine. Degenerative spondylolisthesis often is seen with high-sacral slope. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between high degenerative spondyl-olisthesis and sacral slope.
Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study was done in patients with low back pain in Shafa Yahyaian and Sina University Hospitals in Tehran, in 18 months (April 2010- October 2011). Intermittent or continuous low back pain for three months and history of two disable low back pain attacks since one year ago were inclusion criteria. Pregnant patients were excluded. Lumbar vertebra displacement to vertebra body size ratio was calculated in dynamic mode. The ratio higher than 8% was considered as a lumbar instability. Rotation angle more than 11 ° was considered abnormal.
Results: In this study, 52 patients (30 men, 22 women) with 38.35±9.49 years old were enrolled. Mean body mass index was 23.01±4.59kg/m2. Thirty cases had abnormal verte-bral displacement. Angulation of the disc space more than 11 degrees was seen in 20 patients. No statistically significant difference in pelvic index between normal and abn-ormal lumbar vertebra displacement (P=0.443). The mean pelvic index in normal and abnormal angulation groups were 55.97° and 53.58°, respectively the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.556).
Conclusion: The results of the study showed disc degeneration had no association with sacral slope. High sacral slope can intensify spondylolisthesis but does not affect the incidence of degenerative spondylolisthesis. Additional research is required to find the other causes of degenerative spondylolisthesis.
Reza Bagheri , Seyed Ziaollah Haghi , Mohammadtaghi Rajabi Mashhadi , Alireza Tavassoli , Davoud Attaran , Saeed Akhlaghi , Neusha Barekati , Maryam Esmaeeli ,
Volume 71, Issue 9 (December 2013)
Abstract
Background: Acquired paralysis of the diaphragm is a condition caused by trauma, surgical injuries, (lung cancer surgery, esophageal surgery, cardiac surgery, thoracic surgery), and is sometimes of an unknown etiology. It can lead to dyspnea and can affect ventilatory function and patients activity. Diaphragmatic plication is a treatment method which decreases inconsistent function of diaphragm. The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcome of diaphragmatic plication in patients with acquired unilateral non-malignant diaphragmatic paralysis. Methods: From 1991 to 2011, 20 patients with acquired unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis who underwent surgery enrolled in our study in Ghaem Hospital Mashhad University of Medical Science. Patients were evaluated in terms of age, sex, BMI, clinical symptoms, dyspnea score (DS), etiology of paralysis, diagnostic methods, respiratory function tests and complication of surgery. Some tests including dyspnea score were carried out again six months after surgery. We evaluated patients with SPSS version 11.5 and Paired t-test or nonparametric equivalent. Results: Twenty patients enrolled in our study. 14 were male and 6 were female. The mean age was 58 years and the average time interval between diagnosis to surgical treatment was 38.3 months. Acquired diaphragmatic paralysis was mostly caused by trauma (in 11 patients) and almost occurred on the left side (in 15 patients). Diagnostic methods included chest x-ray, CT scan, ultrasonography and sniff. Test prior to surgery the average FVC was 41.4±7 percent and the average FEV1 was 52.4±6 percent and after surgery they were 80.1±8.6 percent and 74.4±1 percent respectively. The average increase in FEV1 and FVC 63.4±4, 61.1±7.8. Performing surgery also leads to a noticeable improvement in dyspnea score in our study. Conclusion: In patients with acquired unilateral non-malignant diaphragm paralysis diaphragmatic plication is highly recommended due to the remarkable improvement in respiratory function tests and dyspnea score without mortality and acceptable morbidity.
Azam Bakhtiarian , Sattar Ostadhadi, Masoumeh Jorjani , Sepideh Hashempour , Shahrbanoo Oryan , Vahid Nikoui ,
Volume 71, Issue 12 (March 2014)
Abstract
Background: Calcium channel blockers have an important role in treatment of various cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmias, so study of cardiovascular effects of derivatives of these drugs are useful. Nifedipine is one of these drugs that used widely to treat hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the central effects of synthesized dihydropyridine derivatives on systolic blood pressure and heart rate of rats and comparison to nifedipine.
Methods: Sixty four male rats, after induction of anesthesia and intracerebral ventricu-lar cannulation using stereotaxis method, were divided into eight equal groups. One week after the stereotaxis surgery, the systolic blood pressure and heart rate were eval-uated in times 15 to 60 minutes after intracerebral ventricular injection of DMSO (di-methylsulfoxide) and nifedipine in doses of 80 to 320 microgram/rat and also three synthesized dihydropyridine derivatives (A, B and C) in dose of 240 microgram/rat. Effects of these drugs on systolic blood pressure and heart rate were analyzed using two way repeated measure ANOVA statistical test, followed by Bonferroni posthoc test. All data were considered significant at P<0.05.
Results: The inhibitory effects of derivative B on systolic blood pressure and heart rate in dose of 240 microgram/rat in times of 15 and 30 minutes after injection were more potent than nifedipine (P<0.001), while A and C derivatives showed weaker inhibitory properties, compared with nifedipine. Also the inhibitory effects of derivative B on heart rate in dose of 240 microgram/rat were stronger than nifedipine in times of 15 to 60 minutes after injection (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Novel dihydropyridine derivatives can possess more potent and stable in-hibitory effects on systolic blood pressure and heart rate, and some part of these properties at least, can be attributed to their direct inhibitory effects on brain neurons.
Jalal Moludi , Seyedali Keshavarz , Hosseinzadeh-Attar Mohammad Javad, Abas Rahimi Frooshani , Ali Sadeghpour , Sajad Salarkia , Farhad Gholizadeh ,
Volume 73, Issue 2 (May 2015)
Abstract
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia after cardiac surgery. AF leads to longer duration of hospitalization, thromboembolism, and impaired hemodynamics after heart surgery. One of the most important causes of postoperative AF, inflammation, and oxidative stress status. For this reason, it is useful to control the dysrhythmia. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) as an antioxidant that has an important role in reducing the incidence of postoperative AF. The present study aimed at administering CoQ10 as a way to reduce the incidence of post-CABG atrial fibrillation.
Methods: In this double-blind randomized controlled trial study, 80 patients with coronary artery disease who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) in Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center from April to November 2014, randomized are divided into intervention and control groups to receive placebo or CoQ10 The surgical characteristics of the patients in two groups were similar. The intervention group will receive the oral CoQ10 supplement 150 mg/d for 7 days before surgery. After operation two groups were compared regarding important outcomes such as postoperative arrhythmia, intensive care unite (ICU) stay and hospital stay. Atrial arrhythmias are considered significant If more than 10 minutes duration atrial and with a shorter duration of arrhythmia, but with recurrence again.
Results: Thirty-eight women and forty-two men with a mean age of 58.37±7.98 years were enrolled in the study in two CoQ10 and placebo groups (each consisting of 40 patients). The incidence of postoperative AF was 45% in the control group to 20% in the intervention group decreased after supplementation (P=0.030). ICU stay and length of in-hospital stay did not significant. The incidence of arrhythmias ventricular tachycardia (VT) and VF in this period was not significant (P=0.865).
Conclusion: Q10 supplements have low side effects. Due to the reduction in the incidence of AF in patients after, CABG, these supplements can be recommended for the prevention of AF.
Farid Abassi , Mandana Sattari , Noushin Jalayer Naderi, Marzie Sorooshzadeh ,
Volume 74, Issue 5 (August 2016)
Abstract
Background: Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles have a more surface contact and solubility than conventional hydroxyapatite. Hydroxynanoparticles enhances the biological and mechanical properties of new regenerated tissues. The hydroxyapatite nanoparticles have received attention as a new and effective osseous graft for using as scaffolds in bone regeneration. The reports on hydroxyapatite nanoparticles biocompatibility are controversial. It has been shown that hydroxyapatite nanoparticles induces inflammatory reaction and apoptosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of nano-hydroxyapatite on the human epithelial cells.
Methods: The study was experimental and completed in vitro. The study was carried out in department of Immonulogy, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in November 2014. The human-derived oral epithelium cell line (KB) obtained from Pasteur Institute, Tehran, Iran were exposed to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles at 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 2.5 and 5 mg/ml concentrations in 24, 48 and 72 hours. Rod-shaped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with 99% purity and maximum 100 nm sized particles were used. Methylthiazol tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method was employed for cell vitality evaluation. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for assessing the viability of cells. Distilled water and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were positive and negative controls. ANOVA and Duncan tests were used for statistical analysis.
Results: The cytotoxicity of different concentrations of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on human-derived oral epithelium cell line in 24 (P< 0.001), 48 (P< 0.001) and 72 hours (P< 0.001) was significantly different. The nano-hydroxyapatite particles at 0.5 to 1 mg/ml had the highest cytotoxicity effect on human-derived oral epithelium cells in 24, 48 and 72 hours. Lower concentrations than 0.05 mg/ml had the best biocompatibility properties in 24, 48 and 72 hours.
Conclusion: Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles had a good biocompatibility. The biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were dose and time dependent. The lower concentrations than 0.05 mg/ml of nano-hydroxyapatite had the best biocompatibility over time.
Roya Sattarzadeh-Badkoubeh , Babak Geraiely , Mohsen Nassiri-Toosi , Ali Jafarian, Kazem Heydari ,
Volume 74, Issue 11 (February 2017)
Abstract
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Background: We assessed different systolic cardiac indices to describe left and right ventricular dysfunction in cirrhotic patients before liver transplantation.
Methods: In this case-control study, eighty-one consecutive individuals with the confirmed hepatic cirrhosis and candidate for liver transplantation in the Imam Khomeini Hospital between March 2008 and March 2010 were selected. Thirty-two age and gender cross-matched healthy volunteers were also selected as the control group. A detailed two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography was obtained in all patients and controls performed by the same operator on the day of admission.
Results: Dimensions of both left and right atriums as well as left ventricular end-diastolic volume and basal right ventricular dimension in the cirrhotic group were significantly higher than control group. Left ventricular end-systolic dimensions as well as aortic annulus diameter were not different between the two study groups. Left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral, isovolumic pre-ejection time, isovolumic relaxation time, stroke volume, left ventricular ejection fraction, IVCT+IVRT+ET, systolic velocity of tricuspid annulus, systolic velocity of basal segment of RV free wall, systolic velocity of basal segment of septal wall, peak strain of septal margin (base), peak strain of septal margin (midpoint), peak strain of lateral margin (midpoint), strain rate of septal margin (base), strain rate of septal margin (midpoint), strain rate of lateral margin (base), strain rate of lateral margin (midpoint), Tei index (left and right ventricles), systolic time interval and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion were higher in cirrhotic group, significantly, (P< 0.05). Left ventricular ejection time and systolic velocity of mid segment of lateral wall were lower in cirrhotic group, significantly, (P< 0.05).
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Conclusion: In this study, the effects of liver on heart were volume overload, hyperdynamic state and systolic dysfunction in cirrhotic patients. These effects were due to chamber enlargement and we cannot use the most of cardiac indices for evaluation systolic function in cirrhotic patients. So, we suggest that systolic time interval and Tei index are useful indices in evaluation of systolic function in cirrhotic patients.
Hossein Bagherian, Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard, Mehran Sharifi, Mohammad Sattari,
Volume 79, Issue 3 (june 2021)
Abstract
This review was conducted between December 2018 and March 2019 at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. A review of various studies revealed what data mining techniques to predict the probability of survival, what risk factors for these predictions, what criteria for evaluating data mining techniques, and finally what data sources for it have been used to predict the survival of breast cancer patients. This review is based on the Prism statement consisting of published studies in the field of predicting the survival of breast cancer patients using data mining techniques from 2005 to 2018 in databases such as Medline, Science Direct, Web of Science, Embase data and Scopus. After searching in these databases, 527 articles were retrieved. After removing duplicates and evaluating the articles, 21 articles were used. The three techniques of logistic regression, decision tree, and support vector machine have been most used in articles. Age, tumor grade, tumor stage, and tumor size are used more than other risk factors. Among the criteria, the accuracy criterion was used in more studies. Most of the studies used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) dataset. Typically, in the field of survival probability prediction, data mining techniques in the field of classification are given more attention due to their adaptation to this field. Accordingly, data mining techniques such as decision tree techniques, logistic regression, and support vector machine were used in more studies than other techniques. The use of these techniques can provide a good basis for clinicians to evaluate the effectiveness of different treatments and the impact of each of these methods on patients' longevity and survival. If the output of these techniques is used to provide the data input required by a decision support system, clinicians can provide risk factors related to the patient, the patient's age, and the patient's physical condition when providing services to breast cancer patients. Through the outputs provided by the decision support system, they provided the most optimal decision to choose the best treatment method and consequently increase patient survival.
Firouzeh Moeinzadeh, Mohammad Hossein Rouhani , Mojgan Mortazavi , Mohammad Sattari,
Volume 79, Issue 6 (September 2021)
Abstract
Background: Millions of deaths occur around the world each year due to lack of access to appropriate treatment for chronic kidney disease patients. Given the importance and mortality rate of this disease, early and low-cost prediction is very important. The researchers intend to identify chronic kidney disease through the optimal combination of techniques used in different stages of data mining.
Methods: This cross-sectional research was conducted from February 1999 to May 2014. The used data set included 4145 samples and 32 attributes, where Each sample corresponded to a patient and each attribute corresponded to the demographic and clinical traits. There were several eligibility criteria for the patients for clinical testing. These criteria for the clinical testing included having 18 years of age and older, living in Isfahan city, willing to participate in the study, lack of fever and cold during laboratory tests, no strenuous exercise 48 hours before laboratory tests, and fasting. Individuals who had an incomplete questionnaire or were unwilling to perform accurate tests were excluded from the study. The target variable is kidney disease, the values of which include sick and healthy. Four data mining techniques have been used in the dataset. These techniques are support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), artificial neural network (ANN) and Chi-square automatic interaction detection (CHAID).
Results: Accuracy is the evaluation criteria for comparing available data mining methods. Based on the accuracy criterion, the support vector machine performed better than other techniques (random forest, neural network and CHAID). The best rule is that if the patients consume salt in their diet, their age is between 50 and 69, and they have diabetes. they are 82% more likely to develop chronic kidney disease.
Conclusion: The derived rules also showed that if we use salt and we have diabetes, we are at the risk of developing chronic kidney disease. Moreover, having diabetes can increase the risk of mortality in chronic kidney patients. Aged people should also be more careful about getting chronic kidney disease. Because, they are more prone to develop chronic kidney disease.
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Mojgan Mortazavi, Abdolamir Atapour, Maryam Mohammadi, Mohammad Sattari,
Volume 79, Issue 9 (December 2021)
Abstract
Background: Today, with the advancement of technology in various fields, the importance of recording data in the field of health is increasing so much that for many diseases around the world, including kidney disease, registration systems have been set up. This is happening in our country and in the future, the number of these systems will increase. The medical data set contains valuable information that will be time-consuming and costly to obtain using laboratory methods, so there is a need for low-cost methods for extracting information. This study focuses on developing a predictive model for classifying the cause of kidney stones in Isfahan using three data mining techniques.
Methods: This cross-sectional research has been done from February 2021 to May 2021. The used medical data set includes information of 353 kidney stone patients in Isfahan. In this study, six target attributes of sodium, phosphate, oxalate, citrate, cysteine and uric acid were identified. The techniques for each of the 6 attributes are used separately. The techniques used in this study were three data mining techniques including random forest (RF), artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM).
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Results: The best performance in terms of accuracy is related to support vector machine techniques in uric acid class, support vector machine in oxalate class and neural network in cysteine class. The worst performance is related to the random forest technique in the citrate class. The safest rules with a 66% confidence level are for the citrate and sodium classes, and the least reliable rule with a 50% confidence level is for the oxalate class.
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Conclusion: Kidney stones can occur due to various reasons such as low citrate and high calcium oxalate. For example, for citrate, factors such as blood pH (potential of hydrogen), blood sugar and blood pressure are effective. To prevent any of the causes of kidney stones, factors should be controlled.
Mohammad Sattari, Rahele Samouei,
Volume 80, Issue 12 (March 2023)
Abstract
Background: In the Covid-19 Pandemic, virtual education in universities became essential and came with some challenges, especially for professors who had the role of presenters. In this regard, the study was conducted to predict the performance of professors in providing virtual training in Covid-19 in terms of problem-solving methods and their demographics.
Methods: A descriptive-analytical study was performed on 252 professors of Iranian universities of medical sciences from 2021 April to 2021. Also, demographic characteristics such as gender, field of study, position, job rank and work experience were asked. The faculty members' performance questionnaire in providing virtual training (α=0.89) and the problem-solving methods questionnaire (α=0.75) was administered virtually and the data were analyzed by Random forest, CHAID and ID3 techniques.
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Results: Based on used data mining methods findings, factors related to teachers' satisfaction with their performance in providing virtual education were "the possibility of monitoring the performance of homework", "establishing order and regulations", "preparing standard educational content", "using multimedia content", "Mastery of software, educational systems, and multimedia content", and "possibility of examining the quality and quantity of students' learning". Also, interpersonal problem-solving methods, such as "believing in the role of personality traits of people in their behavior", "solving problems with effort and follow-up", "notifying people's mistakes in interpersonal interactions", "giving people the opportunity to check their behavior", "proposing solutions to solve problems for the benefit of both parties", and "dividing big problems into smaller parts" have played a big role in professors' satisfaction about their teaching methods. These characteristics are related to more basic areas such as self-regulation, pursuit and challenge, agreeableness, and realism.
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the performance of teachers in providing virtual education is influenced by some behavioral factors and individual situational abilities. However, despite the virtual training implementation difficulties, it is a productive opportunity that can be used in the days of returning for conditions (after-covid 19 condition) without physical distance along with face-to-face training.
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