Showing 4 results for Azami
Shamimi K, Aminian A, Moazami F, Jalali M,
Volume 64, Issue 12 (6 2006)
Abstract
Background: Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is a clinical entity that develops from progressive, acute increases in intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and adversely affects all vital organ systems In this study, the development of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and ACS in a surgical ICU population is described and examined.
Methods: Over a one-year period (2004), urinary bladder pressure (UBP) was measured prospectively in all surgical patients with abdominal problems admitted to the ICU of the Imam Hospital complex. UBP of >20 cm H2O indicated IAH. ACS was defined as the development of multiple organ dysfunction including peak airway pressure (PAP) >50 cm H2O, Horowitz quotient <150 torr or urine output <0.5 ml/kg/hr in the setting of IAH. Data were gathered on all patients with IAH and ACS.
Results: We evaluated some 353 patients, consisting of 165 elective laparatomies and 188 emergency cases, including 28 trauma patients. The incidence of IAH and ACS was 2 and 1 per cent (7 and 3 patients, respectively). The mean IAP of these seven patients was 29.8 cm H2O. No elevated IAP was observed after elective laparotomy (165 patients), nor in emergency cases with temporary abdominal wall closure (29 patients). APACHE II score, PAP and worst base deficit were significantly higher in patients with elevated IAP. None of the three patients with ACS underwent decompressive laparotomy. The mortality rate for patients with elevated IAP was 85%, significantly higher than the total study population.
Conclusion: IAH is a rare disease of the rarity of IAH, routine measurement of IAP is necessary only in high-risk patients. Prophylactic temporary abdominal wall closure may prevent IAH and ACS in high-risk patients. Patients with elevated IAP have dismal outcomes. Critical care practitioners should become familiar with different aspects of IAH and ACS, including decompressive laparotomy.
Sayyed Alireza Talaei , Abolfazl Azami , Elham Mahdavi , Mahmoud Salami ,
Volume 73, Issue 3 (June 2015)
Abstract
Background: Environmental signals have an essential role in the maturation of neural circuits during critical period of brain development. It has been shown that, change in visual signals during critical period of brain development changes structure and function of glutamate receptors in the visual cortex. After processing in visual cortex, part of visual signals goes to the hippocampus and makes memories. The aim of this study was evaluating effects of visual deprivation during critical period of brain development on AMPA receptor subunits expression in rats’ hippocampus.
Methods: This experimental study was done in Physiology Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences at winter 2014 on male Wistar rats. Animals were divided to 2 groups (n= 36 for each) were kept in standard 12 hours light/12 hours dark condition (light reared, LR) or in complete darkness (dark reared, DR) from birth to the end of the experiments. Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting techniques respectively, expression of mRNA and protein of GluR1 and GluR2 subunits was evaluated in rats’ hippocampus at ages 2, 4 and 6 weeks in both groups. After quantification of the expressions, the data were compared by two way analysis of variance.
Results: The relative expression of GluR1 subunit decreased about 24% (P=0.004) in the hippocampus of 6 WLR rats in comparison to 2 WLR ones. The relative expression of the other AMPA receptor subunit, GluR2, also increased about 190% in the hippocampus of the 6WLR animals when compared to the 2 WLR rats (P< 0.0001). Dark rearing increased the relative expression of both subunits of AMPA receptors, GluR1 and GluR2, about 20 percent (P= 0.01) in the hippocampus of 6 WDR rats in comparison to 2 WLR animals.
Conclusion: Dark rearing of rats during critical period of brain development changes the relative expression and also arrangement of both AMPA receptor subunits, GluR1 and GluR2 in the hippocampus, age dependently.
Mohamadreza Arabi, Simin Najafgholian , Morteza Gharibi, Fateme Rafiaee, Mehran Azami , Mojtaba Ahmadlou,
Volume 79, Issue 6 (September 2021)
Abstract
Background: Acute compartment syndrome is considered a debilitating complication of limb trauma. Early detection of this compartment syndrome helps us in the early initiation of treatment which will result in preventing its subsequent complications reported in these cases.
Methods: This research was an analytical cross-sectional study. Patients with direct trauma to extremities, who were referred to the emergency department of Valiasr and Amir Al-Momenin hospitals were studied from October 2018 to April 2019 in Arak, Iran. Patients were selected if they met all of the inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria. Vital signs were measured and recorded for each patient. Also, the results of physical examination, intra-compartmental pressure measurement by a wick catheter and the level of the creatine phosphokinase were recorded. All data analyses were performed with the use of SPSS v21 software.
Results: A total number of 70 subjects were included in this study, comprising 65 males (93.1%) and 5 females (6.9%). The results showed that there is a significant relationship between intra-compartment pressure and the level of creatine phosphokinase enzyme. The higher the intracompartmental pressure, the higher the creatine phosphokinase level. Statistically significant associations were observed between intracompartmental pressure and pallor, edema, lack of limb pulse, and diastolic blood pressure. No significant relationship was found between intracompartmental pressure and limb pain, numbness, inability to move the injured limbs, and systolic blood pressure. In addition, our findings indicated that creatine phosphokinase is significantly associated with edema and lack of limb pulse. No significant relationship was found between creatine phosphokinase with pain, pallor, numbness, inability to move limbs, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Conclusion: The study findings suggest that measurement of intracompartmental pressure could be considered as an effective alternative approach to creatine phosphokinase levels to diagnose compartment syndrome. So, this will prevent irreparable damage to the extremities and is of great importance.
|
Asra Moradkhani, Mobin Azami, Massomeh Abedini ,
Volume 80, Issue 12 (March 2023)
Abstract
Background: Sever Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in some patients leads to cytokine storm and causes hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) secondary to this viral agent. HLH is a rare and aggressive disease that increases in children, and is caused by changes in the immune system that associated with high mortality. Consideing the current pandemic, early diagnosis and treatment is important. Herein, we report a case of a 14-month-old infant presented with COVID-19 and prolonged fever who was eventually treated with the diagnosis of HLH. The study has been done in Sanandaj in January 2020.
|
Case Presentation: A 14-month-old female infant with Covid-19, in November 2019 with prolonged fever lasting for 12 days, weakness and lethargy was admitted to Sanandaj Social Security Hospital, in November 2019. The infant did not have any history of illness, drug or allergy and had received vaccination according to the country's protocol. Later she was transferred to Besat Hospital in Sanandaj due to persistent fever and elevated liver enzymes. The patient had severe leukocytosis and hepatosplenomegaly in the second center. During the diagnostic measures for the patient and the rule out of other possible causes through imaging and laboratory investigations and also the evaluation of relevant criteria, HLH was suggested and treated with antibiotics (ceftriaxone, meropenem), IVIg, dexamethasone and pantoprazole. After that the fever decreased, then oral prednisolone was prescribed and a follow-up was recommended. She was discharged in good general condition.
|
Conclusion: The current Covid-19 pandemic causes infection of children and may lead to occurrence of secondary HLH disease. therefore, assessment of children with liver manifestations and resistant fever should be considered by performing a PCR test to avoid complications and consequences as much as possible by timely treatment. more studies should be done in the field of its various dimensions.
