Showing 3 results for Bahani
Behnaz Haeri Behbahani , Ahmad Reza Dorosty , Mohammad Reza Eshraghian ,
Volume 67, Issue 6 (9-2009)
Abstract
Background: The sensitivity and specificity of body mass index (BMI) percentiles of CDC2000 standard which is used in determining obesity in Iranian children was compared with child real obesity identified by fat mass index (FMI) and obesity status in these children based on BMI and FMI was compared too.
Methods: Weight, height and triceps skinfold (TSF) thickness were measured in 1800 primary school children in Sabzevar, Iran. Fat mass (estimated from TSF) and weight were divided by height squared to calculate FMI and BMI, respectively. FMI at or above the 90th percentile of age- and sex- specific data in this study was considered as criterion for real obesity, and BMI≥95th and 85thResults: Based on the CDC cut-offs, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in our children were 7.9% and 4.8%, respectively. From the real obese and non-obese children identified by the FMI, 43.3% and 0.6% were identified as obese according to BMI, respectively. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of 90th percentile of BMI to identify children as obese, were 71.1% and 98% respectively.
Conclusions: The efficacy of BMI in determining childhood obesity may be less than expected and it appears that FMI in comparison with BMI, is a better indicator of obesity in children, but more studies in this area are required.
Manouchehr Hekmat , Hamid Ghaderi , Seyedeh Adeleh Mirjafari , Shahram Rajaei Behbahani , Mehran Shahzamani , Gholamreza Masoumi ,
Volume 75, Issue 9 (December 2017)
Abstract
Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) refers to a condition in which left ventricular volume is normal or slightly less than normal. Given the differences observed in some Asian patients with TOF, the present study was conducted to investigate left heart by determining Z-scores for the mitral valve in Iranian patients with TOF.
Methods: Eligible subjects in this prospective descriptive study comprised all patients with TOF presenting to Shahid Modarres Hospital in Tehran from March 2012 to March 2015 and diagnosed as the candidates for surgery. After determining the need for surgery and the therapeutic method required, the mitral valve size and Z-scores were calculated. We analyzed sex, age, body surface area (BSA), mitral size (in 2-chamber and 4-chamber view), mitral Z-score, other cardiac anomalies, number of surgery and previous surgery.
Results: Of a total of 80 patients included in the study over 3 years, 29 (36.3%) were male and 51 (63.8%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 7.15±3.37 years and their mitral size was found to be 10-27 mm (16.2±5.99 mm) using echocardiography. Z-scores of the mitral valve were also obtained as -3.09±2.11, ranging between -7.1 SD and +1.3 SD. 58 (72.5%) patients have only TOF and 22 (27.5%) with other cardiac anomalies. 45 patients were for first time underwent surgery and 22 patients for second time, 12 patients for three time and 1 for forth. Of a total of 35 patients had previous surgery, the most common were shunt 15 (42.9%) and then tetralogy of Fallot total correction (TFTC) in 12 (34.3%). Of a total of 80 patients, 59 (73.8%) underwent TFTC, 17 (21.3%) under pulmonary valve replacement and 4 (5%) shunt.
Conclusion: Z-scores of the mitral valve were found to be significantly below the normal value, (i.e. 0±2 SD), in the study patients, suggesting the risk of hypoplastic left heart syndrome in Iranian patients with TOF, nevertheless, the type of TOF examined in these patients might have been different from those observed in other races and regions.
Fatemeh Kiaee, Kiyana Bahani, Heshmat Shahi,
Volume 82, Issue 11 (February 2025)
Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most common infection worldwide and results in chronic gastritis, and rarely gastric carcinoma. Chronic inflammation, which is a major engine of disease development. Is dominantly controlled by adaptive and humoral immunity. This study reveals the intricate IL-21 and IL-23 relationship in H.pylori associated diseases as well as inflammatory GI disorders, as the crtically govern the differentiation and activity of T helper 17 (TH17) cells in the gastric mucosa. Understanding these cytokines pathways is essential for comprehending the immune pathogenesis of H. pylori infection and its outcome.
Methods: A literature search was conducted in the PubMed database using the MESH keywords "Helicobacter pylori" "Interleukin 21," "Interleukin 23," and "gastric cancer" to identify relevant English-language studies. Articles that were reviews, case reports, or letters to the editor were excluded.
Results: IL-23 significantly exacerbates both intestinal and gastric inflammatory responses by stimulating T cells particularly Th17 cell subsets, through the mediation of STAT3 signaling pathways and reducing IL-10 production, while T cells lacking the IL-23 receptor promote Treg expansion and intestinal homeostasis. IL-21 is implicated in chronic inflammation of the gastric and intestinal mucosa, with elevated levels observed in ulcerative colitis patients, contributing to the recruitment of inflammatory cells, increased inflammation, and angiogenesis. This particular cytokine plays an essential role in the recruitment of inflammatory cells, the increase of tissue inflammation, and the promotion of pathological angiogenesis. Moreover, IL-21 exerts influence over B cell differentiation and the production of antibodies, establishing a connection to humoral immune responses within chronic inflammations.
Conclusion: CD4+ T helper 17 (Th17) cells exhibit both antimicrobial and pathogenic immune functions in the gastrointestinal environment. These processes are interconnected, as cytokines such as IL-21 and IL-23 are essential for Th17 cell maintenance and support humoral immune responses. A comprehensive understanding of the dynamic immunological interactions in H. pylori-related and inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases may facilitate the development of novel immunology-based therapeutic interventions.
