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Showing 7 results for Ebrahimzadeh
Molecular genetic, diagnosis, prevention and gene therapy in prostatic cancer: review article
Noori Daloii Mr, Ebrahimzadeh Vesal E,
Volume 67, Issue 1 (4 2009)
Abstract

The prostate is a small gland located below the bladder and upper part of the urethra. In developed countries prostate cancer is the second common cancer (after skin cancer), and also the second leading cause of cancer death (after lung cancer) among men. The several studies have been shown prostate cancer familial aggregation. The main reason for this aggregation is inheritance included genes. The family history is an important risk factor for developing the disease. The genes AR, CYP17, SRD5A2, HSD3B1 and HSD3B2 are all intimately involved in androgen metabolism and cell proliferation in the prostate. Each shows intraspecific polymorphism and variation among racial-ethnic groups that is associated with the risk of prostate cancer. Some of genes expressed in the prostate are in association with the production of seminal fluid and also with prostate cancer. Epigenetic modifications, specifically DNA hypermethylation, are believed to play an important role in the down-regulation of genes important for protection against prostate cancer. In prostate cancer numerous molecular and genetic aberrations have been described. It is now well established that cancer cells exhibit a number of genetic defects in apoptotic pathways. In this review article, the most recent data in molecular genetic, prevention and especially gene therapy in prostate cancer are introduced.


Effect of ozone on the inactivation of indoor airborne viruses with the COVID-19 virus approach: a systematic review
Maziar Naderi , Gholamreza Ebrahimzadeh, Mahmood Alimohammadi , Vida Past,
Volume 80, Issue 2 (May 2022)
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, the COVID-19 pandemic has become a global problem that new methods must be used to prevent it. The virus is highly contagious and is mainly transmitted through the air. Ozone is a powerful oxidant that can be used to inactivate a wide range of viruses that may be resistant to other disinfectants. The purpose of this study was to review the use and effect of ozone in inactivating indoor viruses.
Methods: To conduct this review study, the keywords such as ozone, virus and air were used to search the PubMed and Scopus databases. Articles were searched from 2010 to 2020. As a result of the search, 57 articles in this field were selected and their content and results were used in this review study. 
Results: This review study showed that ozone has been successfully used to prevent several viral diseases such as COVED-19. In addition, some viruses, such as coronaviruses, contain sulfhydryl functional groups containing cysteine and tryptophan that react better with ozone gas. The infected person's sneezing may result in the formation of 40,000 droplets in the air. The droplets can be transferred to the nearest surface up to approximately 2 meters before falling and also may remain in the air for 30 hours.
Conclusion: The use of ozone gas has many potential applications in inactivating viruses in enclosed spaces. Given the importance of virus-containing aerosols in the transmission of COVED-19, ozone can be a promising way to prevent the disease. The degree of inactivation of viruses by ozone gas depends on the gas concentration, contact time, temperature, humidity and type of virus. In general, studies in this field have shown the use of ozone gas in preventing the spread of viral diseases such as COVED-19. Necessary safety measures and precautions are also recommended in using this gas.

Application of bone cements based on ceramic and polymer in orthopedic surgeries: a review article
Naeemeh Kalali, Sogand Mirshah, Mohammad Hossein Ebrahimzadeh , Bibi Fatemeh Kalalinia, Ali Moradi, Azar Gharib, Nafiseh Jirofti ,
Volume 81, Issue 12 (March 2024)
Abstract
For over 50 years, bone cement has been used to strengthen artificial joints like hip, knee, shoulder, and elbow joints. The main purpose of bone cement is to fill the space between the prosthesis and the bone. This absorbs the forces on the joint by creating an elastic area. Besides ensuring the long-term stability of the artificial implant, it also improves the damaged bone. Polymeric bone cement consists of a polymer matrix known as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and a liquid monomer called methyl methacrylate (MMA). When these two components are mixed, a free radical polymerization reaction occurs, leading to the cement's hardening at the place of use. The properties of bone cement, such as mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and handling characteristics, can be adjusted by combining the effective polymerization parameters. However, there are some challenges, such as heat generation during polymerization.
Ceramic bone cement is a composite material of ceramic particles dispersed in a polymer matrix, including calcium phosphate and calcium sulfate. The ceramic particles provide strength and bioactivity, while the polymer matrix enhances the transport properties of the cement. This combination results in a mechanically stable, bone-conductive, and biocompatible cement. Moreover, ceramic bone cement can be engineered to release therapeutic agents, such as antibiotics or growth factors, to prevent infection and foster bone regeneration. Ceramic bone cement is a promising alternative material for bone cement in joint replacement. However, more research and development are required to optimize the properties of bone cement and overcome the challenges associated with its use. With continued advancements in biomaterials, ceramic and polymer bone cement could revolutionize the field of orthopedic surgery and improve patient outcomes. Recent research has focused on developing new bone cement with improved properties like bioactivity, antibacterial activity, and drug delivery capabilities. These developments aim to enhance the performance of bone cement and remove the current limitations in orthopedic applications. In this review study, we will focus on the types of bone cement, their mechanical, biological, and structural properties, and how to optimize them.

Investigating the incidence and severity of pruritus in intrathecal fentanyl injection in opium-addicted patients in lower limb orthopedic surgeries: a double-blind randomized clinical trial study
Seyedeh Roya Mousavi , Parvaneh Ebrahimzadeh, Sepideh Yazdanpanah , Nasim Alsadat Mousavi, Mansour Deylami ,
Volume 82, Issue 4 (July 2024)
Abstract
Background: Today, addiction is a major problem in modern society, which affects the management of patients during anesthesia. In patients with long-term use of opioids, higher doses of opioids are needed to create analgesia and control pain during and after surgery. Also, addicted patients have more resistance to local anesthetic drugs when they are used to perform peripheral and central nerve blocks. Therefore, many drugs are added to local anesthetics to enhance their analgesic properties, one of the most common of which is narcotic compounds. Itching caused by opium may be generalized and often occurs shortly after injection. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the amount of itching caused by intrathecal injection of fentanyl in opium addicts who undergo elective orthopedic surgeries of the lower limbs with spinal anesthesia. have been taken, designed and established.
Methods: This study was a double-blind clinical trial conducted on 68 patients who were candidates for elective lower limb orthopedic surgeries under spinal anesthesia and referred to 5 Azar Hospital in Gorgan in 2023. Patients were divided into two groups using random numbers table, Intervention (a group of addicted patients who received intrathecal marcaine together with fentanyl for spinal anesthesia) and control (a group of addicted patients who received only intrathecal marcaine for spinal anesthesia). Pruritus, nausea and vomiting were measured in both groups. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and inferential statistical tests.
Results: In terms of age, gender, and BMI, there was no statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of nausea and vomiting between the two groups. The incidence of itching was zero in the bupivacaine group and 17.6% in the fentanyl and bupivacaine group, of which 3% required anti-itch medication for treatment.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that due to the low incidence of pruritus in the group using fentanyl along with bupivacaine, its use is beneficial in people with drug addiction.

Investigating the effect of ketamine on the prevention of shivering after spinal anesthesia in lower limb orthopedic surgeries: a single-blind randomized clinical trial study
Kazem Kazemnejad, Parvaneh Ebrahimzadeh, Seyedeh Roya Mosavi, Mansour Deylami ,
Volume 82, Issue 6 (September 2024)
Abstract
Background: Shivering is one of the side effects of anesthesia that occurs both in general anesthesia and regional anesthesia. Ketamine, as an N-methyldiaspartate receptor antagonist, may prevent shivering after spinal anesthesia by reducing central heat distribution to the environment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of ketamine in preventing tremors after spinal anesthesia in lower limb orthopedic surgeries.
Methods: This randomized, single-blind clinical trial study was conducted on 60 patients who were candidates for orthopedic surgery of the lower limb referred to 5 Azar Hospital in Gorgan. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups of ketamine (0.25 mg/kg) and control (placebo). The data collection tool includes a checklist containing information; Age, gender, mean arterial pressure, percentage of arterial oxygen saturation, heart rate, tremors and hallucinations. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistical tests at a significance level of P<0.05.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in gender between the control and intervention groups. The mean age of the study subjects in the control group was 36.13±12.53 and in the intervention group was 40.30±11.96. There was no statistically significant difference in age between the control and intervention groups. There is no statistically significant difference in mean arterial pressure (MAP) between the control and intervention groups. The incidence of shivering after spinal anesthesia was 13.33% in patients receiving prophylactic ketamine and 40% in patients receiving placebo. The incidence of hallucinations in the ketamine group was 26.67%. The rate of nausea and vomiting was similar in both groups. According to this study, between the two groups in terms of hemodynamic parameters, including mean arterial pressure, heart rate, percentage of arterial oxygen saturation; There was no significant difference.
Conclusion: The incidence of shivering in spinal anesthesia in the preventive use of ketamine has been more effective than placebo. Considering the effectiveness of ketamine in reducing the incidence of shivering, its use as a prevention is suggested to reduce the incidence of shivering.

Investigating factors affecting happiness in postmenopausal women: a systematic review
Zeinab Khazee Shir , Samira Ebrahimzadeh Zaghmi,
Volume 82, Issue 7 (October 2024)
Abstract

Background: Menopause is one of the most important stages in women's lives. Today, menopause is an important phenomenon due to the increase in life expectancy, the number of postmenopausal women is expected to reach 1.2 billion by 2030. It is important for women to live healthy in these years as in the reproductive years. One of the main psychological needs of humans is happiness. According to studies, happiness decreases during menopause. As a result, considering the importance of the topic, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the factors affecting happiness in menopausal women.
Methods: In order to compile this review article, searching for articles using the keywords happiness, menopause, middle-aged women, alone and in combination with AND and OR operators in databases ,such as PubMed, Scopus, Science direct, ProQuest, SID, Magiran and Google Scholar search engine without time limit. At first, 125 articles were found. The inclusion criteria were all studies that had investigated the factors affecting happiness. The reviewed studies included clinical trials, cohort and cross-sectional, and finally the data of 29 articles were used.

Results: The results of this study led to the classification of factors affecting the happiness of postmenopausal women into five general categories. The first category includes physical factors (including the absence of: vasomotor symptoms, cardiovascular diseases, arthritis, osteoporosis, psychosomatic disorders and having a favorable condition. health). The second category includes psychological factors (including the absence of depression and anxiety, having a positive attitude towards menopause, optimism, self-esteem and resilience). The third category includes social factors such as (social support of family and friends, effective communication with colleagues). The fourth category is economic factors (including job changes, favorable income level and the absence of financial crises). The fifth category includes lifestyle (being non-smoker, having physical activity and regular exercise, marital satisfaction, stress management skills and herbal drugs) of menopausal women.
Conclusion: In order to improve the happiness of menopausal women, all physical, psychological, social, economic and lifestyle factors are important and should be considered in national planning and policies to improve the health of menopausal women.


Investigation of immunohistochemical markers in pathological samples of patients with pituitary neuroendocrine tumors
Farahnaz Bidari Zerehpoosh , Mahdieh Saffari, Shahram Sabeti , Kaveh Ebrahimzadeh, Mahbobeh Taheri,
Volume 82, Issue 11 (February 2025)
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the markers ACTH, KI67, CAM5.2, GH, PRL, FSH, LH, TSH in pathological samples of patients with pituitary neuroendocrine tumors by IHC staining.
Methods: In this retrospective study, all patients with PitNETs who had undergone surgery at Loghman Hospital from 2020 to 2022 were included in the study. The slides were prepared by IHC staining and with the markers ACTH, KI67, CAM5.2, GH, PRL, FSH, LH, TSH were evaluated. IHC staining for SF1-PIT1-TPit transcription factors was performed for 16 patients with negative initial markers.
Results: 424 patients participated in this study. The mean and standard deviation of the age of the patients studied were 43.7 and 13.7 years, respectively. LH and FSH markers had the highest and TSH marker had the lowest proportion of positive cases. The possibility of LH and FSH markers being positive in men was significantly higher than in women, and conversely, the possibility of GH and ACTH markers being positive in women was significantly higher than in men. The possibility of LH and FSH markers being positive in patients over 40 years of age was significantly higher than in patients 40 years of age and younger, and conversely, the possibility of GH and PRL markers being positive in patients 40 years of age and younger was significantly higher than in patients over 40 years of age. Most cases (66.3%) were treated during the follow-up period.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that accurate pathological identification of tumors plays an important role in the selection of treatment methods, especially drug and surgical treatment, and can lead to improved patient management.
 
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