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Showing 8 results for Farokhi
The effects of aspirin on morphology and number of hippocampus pyramidal neurons: male rats in kindling model of epilepsy
Masoomeh Nazifi, Farah Farokhi,
Volume 67, Issue 12 (6 2010)
Abstract

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Background: Neuronal injury in hippocampus is the most common pathological finding in temporal lobe epilepsy, accounting for approximately 70% of cases in patients with epilepsy. Neuroprotective effects of aspirin have been described in several neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study was to explore effects of aspirin on morphology and number of pyramidal neurons in CA1 and Dentate Gyrus area of hippocampus of rats in kindling model of epilepsy.
Methods: We divided the rats into t hree groups (n=8). Two groups received aspirin (30 mg/kg, p.o.) and saline, one week before and during induction of kindling. Kindling was induced in these groups by administration of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ: 40 mg/kg, ip). The third group received only saline throughout the study and served as health control group. After induction of kindling animals were sacrificed by perfusion with 10% saline solution under anesthesia. Histopathologic study of hippocampus were performed by light microscopy using H&E staining.
Results: A large number of injured pyramidal neurons with pyknotic nuclei and high eosinophilic cytoplasm are seen in CA1 and DG area of hippocampus of epileptic control group. Aspirin group had pyramidal neurons with clear nuclei and less density cytoplasm, similar to health control group (p<0.05). In kindled animals the number of intact pyramidal neurons in these two regions were significantly reduced and this effect was counteracted by aspirin (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Results of present study suggest that aspirin have neuroprotective effect against neuronal damage of hippocampus of kindled animals.


The effects of T-cell conditioned media on the induction of dendritic cell (DC1) maturation for effective tumor immunotherapy
Asadi M, Farokhi F, Ganji Bakhsh M, Delirezh N, Nejati V, Gholami K,
Volume 69, Issue 1 (4 2011)
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, dendritic cells (DC) are used for tumor immunotherapy as they can induce immune responses against tumor cells. In this research, we comprehensively studied the maturation stimulus addition, PHA-activated T-cell (PHA- TCM) conditioned medium, autologous monocyte-conditioned medium (MCM) and TNF-α for their ability to promote uniformly mature dendritic cells that elicit T-cell responses. Methods: Plastic adherent monocytes were cultured with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) for five days and two days with monocyte-conditioned medium (MCM), tumor necrotizing factor-α (TNF-α) without TCM (PHA-activated T-cell conditioned medium). Phenotypic and functional analyses were carried out using anti-CD14, anti-CD80, anti-CD86, anti-CD83 monoclonal antibodies. Phagocytic activity, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and cytokine production were also evaluated. Results: The generated dendritic cells had high expression of surface molecules i.e. CD80, CD83, CD86 and HLA-DR. Moreover, the cells had low phagocytic and high T- lymphocyte stimulating activities. Measurement of the produced cytokines showed the generation of type-1 dendritic cells (DC1) in the study. Conclusion: The findings indicated that more efficient maturation of dendritic cells could be achieved by the use of PHA-activated T-lymphocyte conditioned medium in the culture medium. The aforesaid supernatant can be used as a maturation factor for the production of efficient dendritic cells with the ability to be used for tumor immunotherapy. This conditioned medium can provide new strategies and evolve into more advance tools for the generation of dendritic cells in vitro for tumor immunotherapy.
In-vitro differentiation of rat peripheral blood monocytes into insulin-producing cells by rat pancreatic extract
Tanhaye Kalate Sabz F, Farokhi F, Delirezh N, Chapari H, ,
Volume 69, Issue 4 (6 2011)
Abstract

Background: Cell-therapy provides a promising alternative for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Monocytes which have a reprogramming or differentiation potential and are more available than any other types of stem cells, have been recognized as candidates for such investigations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the differentiation potential of rat peripheral blood monocytes into insulin-producing cells by the use of rat pancreatic extract (2 days after a 60% pancreatectomy).

Methods: Rat peripheral blood monocytes were isolated and cultured. Adherent monocytes were induced to differentiate into programmable cells in RPMI supplemented by 10% FCS, &beta-mercaptoetanol, M-CSF and IL-3 for six days. The dedifferentiated cells were analyzed by invert microscopy. Cultures of Programmable Cells of Monocytic Origin (PCMOs) were continued in RPMI, containing 10% FBS, pancreatic extract and 5 mmol/L glucose for 15 days. The medium was replaced every three days. At the end of the protocol, insulin and c-peptide excreted by the differentiated cells were tested by radioimmunoassay on days 6, 14, and 21. In order to verify insulin production in the cells, dithizone-staining, which is a method for insulin identification, was employed.

Results: The results showed that the cells cultured in rat pancreatic extract secreted insulin and c-peptide relative to the control group. Dithizone-staining was positive in the aforesaid cells (P<0/05).

Conclusion: The results of the current study showed that pancreatic extract treatment can differentiate rat peripheral blood monocytes into insulin-producing cells which can be regarded as a potential source for the treatment of diabetes.


Inducing maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells on human epithelial cell feeder layer
Ganji Bakhsh M, Nejati V, Asadi M, Delirezh N, Farokhi F,
Volume 69, Issue 11 (4 2012)
Abstract

Background: Nowadays, dendritic cells (DCs) have a special place in cancer treatment strategies and they have been used for tumor immunotherapy as they can induce immune response against tumor cells. Researchers have been trying to generate efficient dendritic cells in vitro therefore, this research was done to generate them for use in research and tumor immunotherapy.

Methods: This study took place at Urmia University in 2010-2011 years. In this study plastic adherent monocytes were incubated with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) for five days. Finally, fully matured and stable DCs were generated by 48 hours of incubation in a monocyte conditioned medium (MCM) containing tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and epithelial cells. Phenotypic and functional analysis were carried out by using anti-CD14, anti-CD80, anti-CD86, and anti-CD83 monoclonal antibodies, and by determining their phagocytic activity, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and cytokine production, respectively.

Results: Dendritic cells were produced with high levels of surface molecule, i.e. of CD80, CD83, CD86, HLA-DR, expression and low levels of CD14 expression. Dendritic cells showed efficient phagocytosis and ability to stimulate T-lymphocytes. Moreover, dendritic cells could secrete high levels of interleukin-12 (IL-12) cytokine which was depictive of their full maturation. Measurement of the produced cytokines showed the generation of type-1 dendritic cells (DC1).

Conclusion: Our study showed that skin epithelial cells could induce maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs). This feeder layer led to the production of efficient dendritic cells with the ability to be used for tumor immunotherapy.


Effects of fibroblasts conditioned media on differentiation of programmable cells of monocytic origin to insulin-producing cells
Chapari H, Farokhi F, Delirezh N, Javadi Sh, Tanhaye Kalate Sabz F,
Volume 69, Issue 11 (4 2012)
Abstract

Background: The characteristic of stem cells in self renewal and differentiation to different types of cells has stimulated the interests for using stem cells as a starting material for generating insulin secreting cells. We've evaluated the differentiation potential of Programmable cells of monocytic origin (PCMOs) into insulin producing cells effected from the growth factors and fibroblasts conditioned media (FCM).

Methods: Peripheral blood monocytes of rat were cultured for 6 days in RPMI with 15% FBS, β- mercaptoethanol, MCSF and interleukin-3. Then, these cells were incubated in differentiation media with HGF, EGF, Nicotinamide, 15% fibroblasts conditioned media and glucose for 15days. Morphological differences of cells were studied by invert microscope. In several stages, the amounts of insulin in supernatant of cells were measured by radioimmunoassay kit. Also productions of insulin from differentiated cells were studied with DTZ special staining.

Results: In response to MCSF and IL-3, monocytes dedifferentiated. These programmable cells of monocytic origin (PCMOs) were capable of differentiating into insulin producing cells in differentiation media. The morphology of differentiated cells was similar to Beta cells and the amount of insulin in supernatant of differentiated cells was much higher than PCMOs (P<0.05).

Conclusion: HGF, EGF, Nicotinamide and fibroblasts conditioned media are differentiation factors of PCMOs into insulin producing cells. According to the results insulin producing cells can be differentiated from programmable cells of monocytic origin in presence of fibroblasts conditioned media.


The best time of cytotoxicity for extracted cell wall from Lactobacillus casei and paracasei in K562 cell line
Riki M, Farokhi F, Tukmechi A,
Volume 70, Issue 11 (3 2013)
Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of extracted cell walls from Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus paracasei as probiotic bacteria (isolated from common carp intestine) on K562 and the role of cell concentration on the results of MTT [3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5- Diphenyl tetrazolium Bromide] test.
Methods: For this purpose, bacteria were cultured in specific medium (MRS broth) at anaerobic condition for 24-48 hour. After incubation period culture medium was centri-fuged, then the cells were washed twice with PBS buffer to remove additional medium. Finally, collected bacterial cell disrupted by Sonication and cell walls were separated from other components by centrifugation. After that, different concentrations of cell walls (500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 µg/ml) were prepared in RPMI medium for each bacteria, separately. Then anticancer properties of the cell walls were determined in vitro at 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, also the effect of K562 concentration was assayed with MTT technique.
Results: The results showed extracted cell wall from both probiotic statistically (P=0.098) have anti turmeric properties in K562 and their properties will arise in relation with concentration. As well as, we found that the number of cell had not any affect on the result of MTT assay.
Conclusion: We conclude that the cytotoxicity property of extracted cell wall is related in the type of bacteria, but this anticancer property would warrant further study on the clinical application of extracted cell wall.


Inhibition of breast cancer metastasis by using miR-31-mimic in cancer stem cell rich MDA-MB231 cell line
Samila Farokhimanesh , Mahdi Forouzandeh Moghadam , Marzieh Ebrahimi ,
Volume 73, Issue 1 (April 2015)
Abstract
Background: Metastasis associated miRNA (metastamiR) opened a new field of anti-metastatic therapy which have a great potential of treatment for the most lethal aspect of cancer, metastasis. The pleiotropic nature of gene regulation exhibited by certain miRNAs that showed that miRNAs might be endowed with a capacity to function as crucial modulators of tumor metastasis. MiR-31 is a pleiotropic anti-metastatic miRNA whose expression decreased significantly in metastatic breast cancer cells. MiR-31 has multiple roles in metastasis cascade. Therefore, using the miR-31-restoration based therapy could be an efficient anti-metastatic strategy for cancer therapy. Methods: This research was performed from May 2014 to October 2015 in Tarbiat Modares University in Tehran, Iran. The double-strand oligo of mature miR-31 was cloned into pcDNA 6.2gw/EmGFP according to the manufacturer instruction. The MDA-MB231, MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines were cultured and their miRNAs have been extracted. The expression of miR-31 has been quantified by Real time-PCR be-fore transfection of construct contained miR-31 into two cell lines and in normal breast cells. Then the constructs contain miR-31 have been transfected in to two cell lines. The expression of miR-31 has been quantified after 48 hours. Scratch and invasion as-say have been carried out for assessing the level of migration and invasion. Results: The result of Real time-PCR before transfection of constructs contained miR-31 have been shown 4 fold and more than 100 fold reduction in expression of miR-31 in MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 respectively in comparison to miR-31 expression in nor-mal breast cells, but after transfection of miR-31 construct to MDA-MB231 the quan-tification of expression showed the significant increase in mir-31 expression and 20 fold reduction in invasive and 10 fold reduction in migratory characteristics of MDA-MB231 in comparison to MCF-7. Conclusion: Metastasis associated miRNA have been represented a promising candi-dates in the field of anti-metastatic therapy and miR-31 as a powerful member of this family can function very effectively in order to inhibit the metastasis and introduce the new possibility of metastasis inhibition.
SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, evidence from a literature review: review article
Parham Mardi, Sorour Shojaeian, Nooshin Taherzadeh-Ghahfarokhi, Ghazaleh Molaverdi, Maedeh Amiri Roudy , Ali Salahshour, Mahmood Bakhtiyari, Sayed-Hamidreza Mozhgani ,
Volume 78, Issue 11 (February 2021)
Abstract
  SARS-CoV-2 emerging from Wuhan, China is a member of the Coronaviridae family, which has so far infected and killed many people. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic affected various aspects of life in Iran and Worldwide, and governments have imposed quarantines and travel bans on an unprecedented scale. The virus causes COVID-19, which can spread through close contact with the infected person, contaminated equipment, and suspended air droplets. The most common symptoms of the disease include fever, cough, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal symptoms, and diarrhea. In severe cases, the lung infection can occur, which causes Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome that leads to ICU admission and even death.
  Besides, this infection can cause gastrointestinal, neurological, and renal impairments. Not merely, this new coronavirus has infected many more people worldwide in comparison to MERS and SARS, but also it has killed more people. Patients with underlying diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, respiratory problems, kidney disease, heart disease and Immunodeficiency are at higher risk of infection and potential death. Also, the risk of death and complication increases in older adults, while most of the infected children are asymptomatic. Some infected people may have mild or no symptoms but can still transmit the disease and spread it to others.
To diagnose COVID-19, serology tests, and level of ESR, CRP and other acute-phase reactants are helpful, whereas molecular tests, such as RT-PCR tests, that detect the virus’s genetic material are still the golden standard. Also, CT scan detects lung involvement; Ground-glass opacification, especially in lower lobes and subpleural region, is the most common CT characteristic, although it is not specific for COVID-19. Because the disease is difficult to diagnose, hard to prevent and challenging to treat, it has become a major concern for many countries. This review aims to gather existing information in the fields of virology, molecular pathogenesis, disease symptoms, epidemiology, clinical presentations, diagnosis, treatment, and the spread of the disease. This study also provides evidence-based prevention and treatment strategies for health policymakers, doctors, nurses, and practitioners in the field of public health, including researchers and students.
 

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