Showing 7 results for Fata
B Fatahi ,
Volume 52, Issue 1 (30 1994)
Abstract
The diffractive multifocal IOL provides simultaneous bifocal imaging by utilizing both diffractive and refractive optics. In both distant and near vision, there is a clear highly focused image on the retina. The second image is highly defocused, providing only faint background illumination. A small amount of the light goes to the higher orders of diffraction which are not perceptible by eyes. The bright spot produced by a zone plate is so intense that the plate acts much like a converging lens. There are also fainter images corresponding to focal lengths f/3, f/5, f/7, ...
M Izadyar, L Sedighipourand, H Jafarieh, F Fatahi,
Volume 64, Issue 2 (30 2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: With the introduction of long term subcutaneous administration of Deferoxamine there has been a decline in the morbidity and mortality of transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia patients. But parenteral iron chelation therapy is still a burden and a major reason for unsatisfactory compliance and places an additional psychological burden on the patients. There are some factors contributing to low compliance in these patients. To evaluate compliance to Deferoxamine and barriers of non adherence and assessment the prevalence of depression and it’s association with compliance.
Materials and Methods: 205 patients with major thalassemia in children medical center older than 6 years old were included. They were classified in 3 groups by compliance index (CI: No. of days of treatment per one month/No. of treatment days prescribed by physician). CI>75 % was considered good ,CI< 50-75%: moderate,CI<50%:weak and 3d group the patients without compliance. For assessment of depression: Beck Depression questionnaires were given to the patients older than 18 years old and Children Depression Inventories (CDI)“kovacs” were given to the rest
Results: Of 205 patients (110 females (54%) and 95 males (46%)), 13.3% were non compliant, 14% had poor compliance, 62.7% had good compliance. Females were more compliant than males (P=0.034). Compliance improved in older age groups meaningfully (P=0.037). There was negative association between compliance and serum ferritin level (P=0.02). 22% of children and 12% of Adults had severe depression according to the questionnaires. There was no association between compliance and depression. The most prevalent problem rgarding Desferal injection was local reactions in injection site (83%).
Conclusion: As oral chelation therapies are not used routinely, more investigations regarding the noncompliance must be considered and this method of chelation therapy must be encouraged. Compliance is a multifactorial problem, so the solution to which requires close interaction between the patient, the family and community.
Bazyari Delavar H, Fatahi Bafghi A, Fathol Olomi M R, Peyvandi A A,
Volume 66, Issue 3 (2 2008)
Abstract
Background: Total laryngectomy is the mainstay of treatment for laryngeal cancer. Fistula is one of the most common complications after total laryngectomy. In patients without risk factors such as prior radiotherapy, diabetes mellitus or chronic renal disease, the incidence of pharyngocutaneous fistula is related to wound healing and duration of operation. We have developed a new method that is both simple and without the complication of pharangocutaneous fistula. Herein, we report the efficacy of this innovative method for the closure of total laryngectomy compared to the conventional method for closure.
Methods: In this clinical trial, we included 40 patients with grade T3 or T4 squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. The total laryngectomy of all patients was performed by the standard method. Twenty patients (case group) were repaired by the new method for closure and 20 patients (control group) were repaired by the standard method. Duration of surgery and hospital stay, bleeding, hematoma, seroma and fistula formation were characterized for every patient and statistically analyzed.
Results: The mean age was 59.8 ±7.8 years for the control group and 61.3 ±6.4 years for the case group. Duration of surgery was 150 ±23.2 minutes and 130 ±18.7 minutes for the control and case groups, respectively (p<0.001). Duration of hospital stay was 10.5 ±1.6 and 3.1 ±0.2 days in the control and case groups, respectively (p<0.002). Bleeding, hematoma or seroma were not seen in either group. Pharyngocutaneous fistula occurred in three patients in control group and was not observed in case group.
Conclusion: This new method for closure shortens the duration of surgery and hospital stay. Furthermore, the patients in the case group avoided the psychological and traumatic side effects of tube feeding associated with fistula. In addition, no other complications were observed with this method. We recommend the use of this simple and efficient method for wound closure after total laryngectomy.
Talebi-Taher M, Latifnia M, Javad-Moosavai Sa, Adabi M, Rastgar Lari A, Fatahi Abdizadeh M, Babazadeh Sh,
Volume 70, Issue 9 (5 2012)
Abstract
Background: Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the serious complications of ventilatory support, occurring in ICUs. The aim of this study was to determine various risk factors associated with the acquisition of Acinetobacter infection and its antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in the ICUs of Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital in Tehran, Iran during the year 2011. A total of 51 endobronchial aspirates from intubated patients who had been clinically diagnosed to have VAP were studied bacteriologically. The in vitro susceptibility was determined by disk-diffusion and broth microdilution MIC methods.
Results: Out of 51 patients with VAP, 35 (66.66%) had positive cultures for Acineto-bacter species. In vitro susceptibility test revealed that a high percentage of isolates were resistant to imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, third generation cephalosporines, and aminoglycosides.
Conclusion: The antimicrobial resistance of gram negative bacteria, particularly Acine-tobacter species, is increasing and preventive measures need to be taken as a matter of urgency.
Seyyed Saeed Eshraghi , Mehdi Fatahi Bafghi , Ali Ghafouri , Parvin Heidarieh , Shadi Habibnia , Masoumeh Rasouli Nasab , Hojat Yazdanbod , Hosein Keshavarzi ,
Volume 71, Issue 7 (October 2013)
Abstract
Background: Nocardia species are Gram-positive, partially acid fast, non-motile, catalase positive, aerobic and saprophytic actinomycetes found all around the world. They invade the human body from the environment via trauma and respiratory tract and cause cutaneous, pulmonary and systemic diseases. They are able to grow in various media.The organisms opportunistically infect both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. Behcet's disease is an autoimmune disease and immunocompromised patient which may suitable host for Nocardia bacterium. The present study is the first case report of isolation of Nocardia from the thigh abscess in a patient with behcet’s disease from Iran.
Case Presentation: A 39-year-old man with Behcet’s disease in August 2011 was admitted to Shariati hospital Tehran, with swelling and pain in the left flank and left thigh. Microscopic identification from direct microbiological slide of thigh abscess discharge demonstrated number of lymphocytes, neutrophils and macrophages foamy and white blood cells together with filamentous bacteria. Further microbiological characterization using phenotypic and antibiogram tests with disk diffusion method, demonstrated that the isolated bacterium is Nocardia asteroides complex. The bacteria were sensitive to ampicillin, vancomycin, ceftriaxone, amikacin and cotrimoxazole but it was resistant to clindamycin, erythromycin, penicillin G, cephalothin and gentamicin. The patient was treated with cotrimoxazole.
Conclusion: Because of the high incidence and high mortality of Nocardia infection in immunocompromised cases, rapid detection and timely treatment for these patients is necessary.
Ashraf Tavanaee Sani , Abdol Majid Fata , Mahnaz Arian ,
Volume 72, Issue 1 (April 2014)
Abstract
Background: This study was done to determine presenting features and treatment out-come of Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis (ROCM).
Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted during 14 years (from 1998-2012) in two educational hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in patients with rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis. Clinical symptoms, predisposing factors, demografic parameter and treatment outcome were collected by SPSS and analyzed by cox regression model.
Results: A total of 123 cases were (92 proven, 1 probable, 30 possible). From 92 cases of proven rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis, 52% men and 48% women were rec-orded. The most risk factor were diabet 42.4% and immune deficiency 38%. From which 32 patients have hematologic malignancy (50% ALL, 37.5% AML, 6.3% aplas-tic anemia, 6.3% other). Mean time of admission in hospital were 30.1±29.3 days (1-230 days). The sign and symptoms were fever 41.3%, nasal ulceration or necrosis of palate 54.3%, orbital sign 59.7%, Headache 55.4%, central nervous system sign 28.2% and facial sign 53.2%. Median time between first symptoms and start of amphotricin B was 8.2±8.6 days. Treatment consist of both surgery and amphotricin B was done in 70.5% of patients. Mean number of surgery were 1.8±1.5. The mean time of mortality was 60.3±83 day. Thirty seven percent of patients survived with a 6 months follow up.
Conclusion: Initial symptoms of sinus invasion by mucormycosis are indistinguishable from other more common causes of sinusitis. We must consider these diseases if there is nasal ulceration or necrosis of palate with fever and orbital sign. Diabet and immune deficiency are the most risk factor for rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis. There is no relationship between age, predisposing factors and adverse effect of drugs with surviv-al. Progression to central nervous system in imaging pattern are related with hospital mortality. Treatment modality and number of surgery affect to mortality P= 0.001, P= 0.033. Survival was affected with the total dose of amphotericin B (P= 0.026).
Somaye Fatahi , Hamed Kord Varkaneh , Mehran Pezeshki, Amirhosein Ghahremanian , Sakineh Shab-Bidar ,
Volume 76, Issue 6 (September 2018)
Abstract
Background: Trying to find a drug with more clinical efficacy in treating obesity is one of the priorities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of orlistat, sibutramine, lorcaserin and metformin on weight loss in obese people.
Methods: The databases of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Cochran Library were searched up to November 2016. In present study search strategy was performed by using selected keywords. Two independent investigators scanned and extracted the relevant data. The pairwise method was used to compare the difference between the mean difference weight loss for orlistat, sibutramine, lorcaserin and metformin in two direct methods (comparison of orlistat, sibutramine, lorcaserin and metformin with the control group) and non-direct (Compare orlistat, sibutramine, lorcaserin and metformin together). We assessed the quality of included trials using the quantitative 5-point Jadad scale. The heterogeneity across studies was assessed by using Cochrane’s Q and I2 tests. Publication bias was reported by means of funnel plots and Egger’s tests.
Results: The present study performed on 36 clinical studies with a population of 3672. Our study results did show that sibutramine (mean difference -4.97 kg, 95% confidence interval -6.70 to -3.23), metformin (mean difference -4.45 kg, 95% confidence interval -9.27 to 0.38), orlistat (mean difference -2.37 kg, 95% confidence interval -3.45 to -1.30), lorcaserin (mean difference -2.36 kg, 95% confidence interval -4.58 to -0.15), respectively, had the most effect on weight loss compared with the placebo group. In addition, orlistat compared to lorcaserin (mean difference -0.01 kg, 95% confidence interval -2.47 to 2.45) resulted in more weight loss, but compared to metformin (mean difference 2.07 kg, 95% confidence interval -2.78 to 7.02) and sibutramine (mean difference 0.52 kg, 95% confidence interval -4.46 to 5.50) lead to less weight loss.
Conclusion: The present study indicated that orlistat had a greater effect on weight loss compared with lorcaserin, and had lower effect on weight loss compared with sibutramine and metformin in apparently healthy obese individuals.
