Tehran University Medical Journal

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Background: GDM (Gestational Diabetes Mellitus) is the most important medical complication in pregnancy. Its prevalence is about 1-14 percent. It is necessary to follow up patient with GDM in order to detect any Glucose intolerance and improve their long term outcome. The aim of this research is to find the relationship between GDM and metabolic disorder (such as glucose intolerance. Lipoprotein profile disorder and androgen disorder), which are known as cardiovascular risk factors. Improvement of these agents is achieved by changing the life style.

Materials and Methods: In this study 107 patients with recent GDM were assessed 6 months after delivery. Fasting Glucose, glucose intolerance, lipid profile, and androgens were measured. Clinical and obstetrical history based on GDM recurrence, history of macrosomia, amount of insulin to control blood sugar, breastfeeding and contraception after delivery, menstrual changing, hirsutism status were assessed and analyzed statistically. (ANOVA, x2, Fisher test)

Results: The result of this study shows 19.6 percent diabetes and 15.9 percent impaired glucose tolerance test that point out significant relationship between the recurrence of GDM, obesity, macrosomia, as well as the need of more insulin in pregnancy with prevalence of Diabetes after delivery. In patents with Diabetes and IGT comparing to normal group, lipid profile disorders such as high total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride and low level of HDL cholesterol were seen. There was a significant relationship between diabetes after delivery and high prevalence of hypertension.

Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of diabetes in patients with gestational diabetes and interfering of some cardiovascular risk factors. We suggest correct follow up planning of patients with GDM by health care provider after discharge, and appropriate training of biomedical personals in this field.

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Background: We conducted this study To find relationship between maternal glucose challenge test (GCT) levels and fetal body weight (BW).
Materials and Methods: We analyzed five hundred women with singleton pregnancy, who had GCT at 24-28 week during pregnancy. All of them had no history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus or other medical disease before pregnancy or during previous pregnancy, and all of them had weight gain appropriate with their pre pregnancy body mass index (BMI). Also nobody had history of drug abuse or smoking. In this descriptive–analytic survey, maternal age, gravidity, BMI,GCT level ,gestational age (GA) , sex of neonate, rout of delivery , newborn weight and apgar score were evaluated .The student’s T-test and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. We used Pearson coefficient and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and chi-square test for determination GCT threshold.
Results: We found rate of small for gestational age (SGA) in newborns statistically was significant, who their maternal GCT level was ≤ 80mg/dl, P value: 0/018, specificity 89%, sensitivity 58% and confidence interval: 95% (0/162-0/545).
Conclusion: Low GCT level has association with SGA and can be used as a predictive test and may be an indication for dietary intervention.