Showing 10 results for Hashemi S
Hashemi Sh, Khanlari M, Mamishy Zh,
Volume 58, Issue 2 (7 2000)
Abstract
Accurate measurement of refractive error in uncooperative patients and young children, requires cycloplegia. The aim of the present study was to determine whethere cyclopentolate by itself or in combination with 4 times instillation of atropine can be used as a substitute for 10 times instillation of atropine. From 1994 to 1996, 39 patients aged 2-12 years were included in this study. Cycloplegia was undertaken by four different methods in subsequent visits: cyclopentolate 1%, 4 times instillation of atropine, 10 times instillation of atropine plus tropicamide and 10 times instillation of atropine. 26 patients (53% male, mean age: 6.4 years) completed the four stages of the study. Spheric refraction was significantly different between cyclopentolate and 4 times and 10 times atropine groups, but we didn't find any significant difference in cylindric refraction between groups. It seems that 10 times instillation of atropine is still the best method of cycloplegia in pediatric eye examination.
Ramezan Zadeh F, Khalaj Abadi Farahani F, Sadat Hashemi Sm,
Volume 58, Issue 3 (7 2000)
Abstract
Tubal ligation is one of the most effective and reliable methods of contraception and of successful program of birth control in Iran. Present study was done to evaluate factors affecting risk of complications during tubal ligation surgery. We studied 1780 women that had tubal ligation in 13 hospitals in Tehran during the years 1993-95. Data on operation were collected by questionnaire and analyzed using logistic regression method. Risk of complications was increased in women had had operation after vaginal therapy, in luteal phase, after cesarean section and in follicular phase, respectively. Modified pomery, pomery and parkland methods of operation were ascendingly related to increased risk of complications. Age, history of pelvic pain, method of anesthesia, incision size and time of operation were not significantly correlated with complications. Frequency of complications was higher in women that had other procedures during surgery. We suggest that tubal ligation be done after vaginal delivery and by modified pomery method.
Hashemi Sh, Fatehi F,
Volume 58, Issue 3 (7 2000)
Abstract
Many studies have shown the effectiveness of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in correction of vision in low and moderate Myopia. To evaluate the results of 193-nm exeimer laser photorefractive keratectomy for highly Myopic eyes, we reviewed refractive outcome of 43 eyes of 30 patients. Most eyes were treated with 1-step operation, using a 6 mm optical zone. 43 eyes were treated for Myopia, which were between -6.40 and -16.90 diopters. The mean pre-operative refraction was -9.50 D. All eyes were followed for at least 12 months. At 12tht month visit, 30.2% and 60.5% of eyes achieved correction within 1 and 2 D of attempted correction, respectively. At this time, 62.7% of eyes obtained 20/40 visual acuity or better uncorrected. At 1 year, 13% and 8% of eyes lost 3 and 4 lines of best-corrected visual acuity, respectively. Also 13% of eyes lost 2 lines. 12 months after PRK, 5 eyes developed corneal haze grade 2 and 2 eyes, grade 3 (0-5 scale). There was much undercorrection seen in this group compared with patients undergoing PRK for low and moderate Myopia. Photorefractive keratectomy for high Myopia, though effective, is not a safe and accurate procedure and is less predictable and stable than performing it for low and moderate Myopia.
Rabiei Hashemi Sm, Tabari M,
Volume 59, Issue 1 (7 2001)
Abstract
Pilonidal disease affects mostly young men during work and educating years and bears a host of complications. After excision of the pilonidal sinus, some surgeons leave the wound open (secondary healing) and others close the wound primarily. The aim of this study is to compare mean duration of stay, length of operative procedure, length of time to return to work, wound infection rate, recurrence rate, the residual scar, the amount of pain endured, number of dressings required after the procedure and the amount of time required for complete healing in pilonidal sinus patients undergoing each of the above procedures. Fifty patients with chronic pilonidal sinus were randomly chosen to undergo one of these surgical procedures. One-half were treated by surgical excision and fasciocutaneous flap (Group A), the other half were treated with surgical excision and secondary healing (Group B). All the patients were followed up during a six month interval. No cases of infection or recurrence were seen. Although group A patients had significantly longer hospital duration of stay and the procedure performed was more time consuming, compared to those of group B (P<0.001), but in this group of patients (Group A), the length of time to return to work, the residual surgical scar, the amount of pain and the number of postoperation dressings and the time required for complete healing were significantly less than group B patients (P<0.001). Considering the lesser complication rates observed in group A patients, and in view of the youth and health of the majority of pilonidal sinus patient which renders them tolerant to the lenghtly procedure, the performance of the fasciocutaneous flap procedure is not only more cost effective but also results in more rapid return to work and greater patients satisfaction. This procedure is strongly recommended to other colleagues in this regard.
Hashemi S J, Shohani M,
Volume 62, Issue 3 (11 2004)
Abstract
Background: Bone Marrow Transplantation is one of the most important therapeutic methods in much malignant and nonmalignant disease. Patients with Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) following radiotherapy and chemotherapy will suffer from immuno-suppression. Therefore they are susceptible to get saprophytic fungi infection that sometimes are killer.
Materials and Methods: The purpose of this cross-sectional survey is isolation of saprophytic fungi from patients with BMT and wards space and instruments. Therefore sampling from ventilator system (HEPA filter and common filter), air canal, air, hospital instruments and clinical samples (nasal discharge, sputum, urine) were done and cultured in sabouro dextrose agar with choloramphenicol (SC). In assessing total frequency from 4838 plates of wards space and instruments, 985 fungi colonies includes 21 genus were isolated.
Results and Conclusion: Most fungi colonies present were Penicillium , Aspergillus and Cladosporium and low present were Trichoderma ,Stereptomyses, Chrysosporium, Rhizopus.
Torkaman M, Afsharpeyman Sh, Khalili Matinzadeh Z, Amirsalary S, Kavehmanesh Z, Hashemi S.a,
Volume 64, Issue 10 (2 2006)
Abstract
Background: Jaundice is a common and benign problem in neonatal period. Several therapeutic procedures for decreasing of serum bilirubin level has been recommended. phototherapy is most common them. Our goal Form this study is the evaluation of serum therapy effects in decreasing of serum bilirubin concentration in icteric infants that are treated with phototherapy.
Methods: This is a prospective clinical trial in Najmeih Hospital in 2002. In this study 80 term icteric infants with bilirubin level greater than 17 mg/dl were randomized in two groups, both groups underwent phototherapy and in the case group intravenous fluid supplementation was added. There were no significant differences in the mean gestational age, birth weight, hemoglobin, and also in total serum bilirubin level at admission in the two groups.
Results: There were no significant differences in the mean rate of of serum bilirubin level decline during first 24 and 48 hours of hospitalization and also the time of bilirubin decreasing to less than 15 mg/dl and the length of hospitalization in two groups.
Conclution: Our study showed intravenous fluid supplementation could be limited to special cases of neonatal icter such as moderate to severe dehydration.
Abdi Liaie Z, Soudbakhsh A, Atarod L, Toogeh Gh, Nakhjavani M, Mousavipanah P, Ashidari B, Amini M, Shakeri F, Hashemi S, Samei Sh,
Volume 65, Issue 12 (2 2008)
Abstract
Background: Myeloperoxidase (MPO), an iron-containing protein, is found in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils (PMNs), and catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide and chloride ions (Cl) into hypochlorous acid, which plays an important role in oxygen-dependent bacterial killing. The enzyme was first isolated in 1941, and deficiency of MPO was first described in 1954. Fewer than 5% of patients with MPO deficiency contract severe infections, which are usually fungal infections in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Besides the disorder in antifungal activity, diminished rate of bacterial (S. aureus) killing, and carcinogenesis, it seems that MPO deficiency is also related to atherosclerosis, degenerative neurologic diseases, as well as other disorders. In this study, we compared the levels of the MPO enzyme in the peripheral neutrophils of infected and non-infected DM patients at Imam Khomeini Hospital during 2005-2006. We compared these two groups the prevalence of MPO deficiency in each group, in order to then determine any correlations this may have with infection.
Methods: In this case-control study, 50 patients were in the infected group (case group) and 50 were in the control group. Patients were chosen using simple sampling methods. Data was gathered from blood samples, using a qualitative test to determine MPO deficiency (Kaplow stain), laboratory results (BUN, Cr, PMN, HbA1c), interviews and completion of a questionnaires, as well as hospital records. Data were analyzed with SPSS software using T test and chi-square test, with a confidence index of 0.05.
Results: In spite of differences seen in stained slides, the MPO enzyme was positive in all of the patients, and no differences were seen between the two groups.
The average patient age and the duration of DM in the case group were more than those of the control group. No statistical differences in the type of DM and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were found between the two groups. Body mass indexes (BMI) and PMN counts were higher in the case group. The most prevalent infections were in the skin and soft tissue, bones and joints, as well as chronic respiratory infections (TB), pneumonia, urinary infections, CNS infections, gastrointestinal and intra-abdominal infections, mucormycosis, and sepsis.
Conclusions: We found no correlation between MPO enzyme deficiency and age, sex, type or duration of DM, HbA1c levels and BMI.
Pourhashemi S.j., Golestan B.2., Keshavarz S.a.,
Volume 65, Issue 12 (2 2008)
Abstract
Background: Proper nutrition has an important role in the physical and psychological development of children. The aim of this survey is to compare the nutrition of a community to the recommended daily amount (RDA) to determine deficiencies and present recommendations for improvement.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted in Tehran, Iran, 788 children, all seven years of age, were selected via cluster sampling and evaluated using standard questionnaires with a 24-hr recall regarding the frequency and type of food intake. Then by measurement of weight and height, their anthropometric and DMFT (decayed/missing/filled teeth) indices were determined using the Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance, and Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests.
Results: Relative to the RDA, 23.6% of children had low intake of Ca, and 3.2% and 5.2% were deficient for Fe and Zn, respectively. Anthropometric measurements showed that 15.7% were malnourished based on weight for age, 10.5% based on height for age and 16.8% based on weight for height indices. The DMFT indices for children with dietary Ca levels under 75% of the RDA were significantly higher than those with sufficient Ca intake (P<0.001). The mean DMFT indices for dental development were 0.22 for permanent teeth (four molars SD=0.64) and 4.64 for primary teeth (SD=3.24). We found a significant correlation between DMFT indices and low Fe intake: the DMFT indices of children with iron deficiency were much higher than those with sufficient iron intake.
Conclusions: Children in Tehran do not receive enough Ca Fe and Zn from their diets. This problem causes mild malnutrition and increases the risk of dental caries.
Gholampour Azizi I, Khoushnevis S H, Hashemi S J,
Volume 65, Issue 13 (Vol 65, Supplement 1 2008)
Abstract
Background: Aflatoxins are severe toxic secondary metabolites found in most plant
products. When animals consume contaminated feed stuff to Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), the
toxin is metabolized by liver and is excreted as Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) via milk. Aflatoxins
are acute toxic compounds, immunosuppressive, mutagen, tratogen and carcinogen.
Methods: During the winter of 2006, pasteurized and sterilized (ultra high temperature)
(UHT) milk packages were collected from supermarkets in Babol city. 78 pasteurized and
33 sterilized milk, totally 111 samples were tested for AFM1 by competitive Enzyme
Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Solid phase in plastic micro wells coated whit
anti-Aflatoxin M1 antibodies. We added 100 microliter skimmed milk and Aflatoxin M1
standard solutions in each well. In each plate, we appointed seven wells for standards.
Plates were incubated at 20-25° centigrade for 45 min. Each well was washed four times
by washing buffer 20X concentration. Then 100 micro liter conjugated solution (100X)
was added to each well, and the plate was incubated at 20-25 centigrade for 15 min. After
that, the wells were washed. After adding the substrates to wells, we incubated the plate
at 20-25° centigrade in a dark place for 15 min. The reaction was stopped by stop solution.
After one hour, light absorption was read at 450 nm by ELISA reader.
Results: AFM1 were detected in 100% of all samples. 100% of samples were above of
European community regulations (50ng/l). AFM1 contamination mean levels pasteurized
and sterilized milk were 230.5 and 221.66 respectively. Therefore more than four fold
levels European community. There is not a significant relationship between AFM1
contamina-tion level and different months of winter applying statistical test.
Conclusion: The results showed the need for introducing safety limits for AFM1 levels in
child milk under Food Legislative liable of Iran. Aflatoxin M1 contamination is a serious
problem for public health, and it is potentially hazardous for human health.
Sarasgani M R, Firoozrai M, Hashemi S J,
Volume 66, Issue 3 (2 2008)
Abstract
Background: Amino acids have different effects on the growth of some dermatophytes. Some may encourage growth, while others inhibit it. The concentrations of some amino acids also are an important factor for their effect. To investigate the effects of amino acids on the growth of dermatophytes, the dermatophytes Trichophyton schoenleinii and Microsporum canis, obtained from Iran.
Methods: In this study, two concentrations (1g/dL and 0.1g/dL) of 23 amino acids were added to the Sabouraud glucose agar media of these dermatophytes. The experiment was carried out three times. After two weeks, the means of the colonies were compared with the control, which had no amino acids added to the Sabouraud glucose media.
Results: The results showed that L-cysteine hydrochloride, L-cysteine, L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid and DL-tryptophan and L-tyrosine had the most inhibitory effects on the studied dermatophytes, while arginine L-lysine and L-methionine had moderate effects and the rest of amino acids had less inhibitory, or even stimulatory, effects on the growth of the dermatophytes. M. canis and T. schoenleinii has a different sensitivity to amino acids. This data indicates that sulfur-containing amino acids and acetic amino acids have greater inhibitory effect against these two dermatophytes.
This may be an indicator that such amino acids used in, for example, sweetener may have an important role in immunity to these dermatophytes. Thus, some amino acids may be used as a possible treatment for dermatophytosis.
Conclusion: Among the amino acids L-cysteine hydrocholoride, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and tryptophan are the most inhibitory effect s against of T. schoenleinii and M. canis.
