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Showing 7 results for Jaafari
The effect of regular aerobic training with weight loss on concentrations of fibrinogen and resistin in healthy and overweight men
Rashidlamir A, Hashemi Javaheri A, Jaafari M,
Volume 68, Issue 12 (6 2011)
Abstract
Background: Coronary heart disease is one of the most common causes of death in developed countries. Fibrinogen and resistin are two inflammatory markers used for atherosclerosis risk prediction. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of eight weeks of aerobic exercise on the concentrations of fibrinogen and resistin in healthy overweight middle-aged men.
Methods: Thirty inactive middle-aged men with a body mass index of 25-30 were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. The participants in the experimental group, accomplished eight weeks (3 sessions per week, of aerobic exercise with an intensity of 50-70% of their maximum heart rate while the control group remained sedentary. Weight, body fat percentage, fibrinogen and resistin levels of the participants were measured 48 hours before the first and after the last training sessions. The obtained data were analyzed using Independent Samples T-tests.
Results: There were significant reductions in weight, body mass index, body fat percentage and fibrinogen and a significant elevation in resistin concentration in the experimental group (p<0.05) upon the exercises relative to the control group.
Conclusion: It seems that eight weeks of regular aerobic exercise could reduce risks of myocardial infarction and improve the health status of overweight middle-aged men through reduction of weight, body fat and fibrinogen and elevation of resistin concentrations. Elevation of resistin concentration can be a sign of increased antioxidant defense mechanism.


The acute effects of strength training on inflammatory markers predicting atherosclerosis: a study on inactive middle-aged men
Bizheh N, Rashidlamir A, Zabihi A, Jaafari M,
Volume 69, Issue 3 (5 2011)
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis, are the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The disease has had an increasing prevalence in Iran in recent years. Homocysteine and C-reactive protein (CRP) are two novel cardiovascular risk factors that independently predict risks of atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of one session of circuit resistance training on the blood levels of the aforesaid inflammatory markers in inactive middle- aged men. Methods: The participants of this study included twenty-three healthy but inactive middle-aged men who were overweight and were randomly divided into two experimental (n=14) and control (n=9) groups. The activity included doing exercises with the subjects’ 35% one-repetition maximum (1-RM) intensity at ten different stations. Blood levels of homocysteine and hs-CRP were measured before and after the exercise. Results: Analysis of data using independent samples t-test showed a significant increment in the serum levels of homocysteine and hs-CRP after training in the experimental (P<0.05) versus the control group. Conclusion: Elevation of homocysteine levels is due to the increase in protein metabolism and creatine synthesis for energy production and elevation of hs-CRP levels could be due to hepatic induction of interleukin-6 that acts as a signal for the stimulation of lipolysis and glycogenolysis. However, beneficial or adverse physiological effects of these changes are not thoroughly understood and more research is needed to conclude about the acute and chronic effects of different types of physical activity on the blood levels of these atherosclerosis risk factors.
Evaluation of optic nerve sheath diameter in comparison with cerebrospinal fluid pressure in children with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.
Alireza Rezaie, Narges Gholami, Leila Bazhdan, Maryam Haghighi Morad , Narjes Jaafari,
Volume 80, Issue 3 (June 2022)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study is a non-invasive diagnosis of increasing the pressure of cerebrospinal fluid in patients involved in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) that is done with transbulbar sonography.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study all the non-toxic children under 18 who were referred to the neurology clinic of Loghman Hospital of Tehran from October 2017 to October 2018 with increased intracerebral pressure symptoms were studied. The increased intracerebral pressure symptoms were headache or vomiting or blurred vision or 6th nerve palsy and they had papillary edema. Also, if their diagnostic brain imaging measures were normal such as: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computed Tomography scan (CT scan) and in some cases Magnetic Resonance Venography (MRV), they were suspected to Idiopathic intracranial hypertension and were entered into the study consecutively. Their complete medical history and comorbidities and biographical information were recorded in the file. All patients were candidates for a lumbar puncture to measure cerebrospinal fluid pressure. After full explanation to the parents and obtaining written consent from them before performing a lumbar puncture, patients in coordination with the ultrasound unit without delay in performing a lumbar puncture, first underwent trans orbital ultrasound in supine position and were awakened with closed eyes. Opticians were implanted in both eyes by a skilled sonographer. And then sedated with sedatives (ketamine or midazolam) prescribed by an anesthesiologist. It was placed in a sterile position in a supine semi-flexion position and with lateral decubitus aligned with the body. Cerebrospinal fluid pressure to cm of water was recorded using a serum set in the lumber intervertebral space 4-5. Then a sample was sent for analysis and smear.
Results: Out of 10 patients (age 2.5–14 year, mean 9 years) 10% were girls, 90% were boys, and mean BMI was 22.5 kg/m2. Their symptoms included: 80% Headache, 40% Vomiting, 40% Diplopia, 20% Blurred vision, 10% 6th nerve palsy, and 10% Tinnitus when being reffered. In All patients, CSF pressure was more than 25 cm H2o (mean 40 cm H2o), right and left eyes optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) was more than the cutoff point (ONSD≤4.5 mm), the mean right ONSD was 6.31 mm and left eye was 6.64 mm.
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, the measuring of optic nerve sheath diameter in patients suspected of increasing the pressure of idiopathic intracranial hypertension can be helpful as a non–invasive diagnosis method.

Assessment of TUMS affiliated hospitals’ preparedness for dealing with Covid_19
Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan, Haniye Sadat Sajadi , Maryam Tajvar, Elham Ehsani Chimeh , Iman Falah, Farhad Habibi,
Volume 80, Issue 6 (September 2022)
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of emerging and re-emerging diseases has made the need for basic preparations for all health care organizations more crucial. Strengthening preparedness and formulating crisis strategies will have a great impact on reducing casualties. Given the importance of preparing hospitals to deal with such an outbreak and reduce the resulting mortality, the present study was conducted to assess their readiness against Covid-19.
Methods: The present study is a quantitative and descriptive cross-sectional research conducted from October to March 2019. Data collection used the standard checklists prepared by the European Center for the Prevention and Control of Coronavirus and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, consisting of eight domains and 21 components. The minimum score that each hospital could get in this checklist was 143 and the maximum was 429. The sampling method in the present study was a census, and nine reference hospitals for Corona were included in the study. All hospitals’ directors, managers, quality officers and crisis secretaries and others related to hospital readiness during Covid-19 were recruited by the census.
Results: On average, the hospitals scored 391 out of 429, indicating a fairly "high readiness" in dealing with Covid-19. The highest score obtained by the hospitals was 425 and the lowest score was 349. In terms of preparation areas, the hospitals’ readiness was higher than 80% in all areas. The highest readiness of hospitals was in the fifth  domain, i.e. Hand hygiene, personal protective equipment and hospital waste management. The 7th domain namely, patient placement and relocation, and patient visitor access was of the lowest preparation.
Conclusion: The hospitals were of fairly appropriate readiness to deal with Covid-19. This level of preparedness, despite being desirable, might not reflect the real capacity of hospitals to deal with this disease. Regular evaluation of the Covid referral hospitals could help make these hospitals more prepared. Also, the experiences of hospitals that were more prepared should be used to improve the condition of other hospitals.

Experiences of countries in recruiting and retaining physicians in deprived areas: a systematic review
Zahra Asadi-Piri , Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan,
Volume 80, Issue 11 (February 2023)
Abstract
Background: Access to healthcare is a fundamental right of every individual, regardless of their geographic location or socioeconomic status. In many countries, deprived areas often face a shortage of physicians and other healthcare professionals. This study aimed to investigate the approaches essential to attract and retain physicians in the deprived and rural areas.
Methods: The present study is a systematic review using appropriate keywords in Persian and English language. The main databases including Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, SID, and IranMedex were searched from May 2005 to September 2022 in both languages. Different approaches implemented by countries to attract and retain doctors were classified using thematic analysis.
Results: A total of 18 articles were selected for inclusion in the study. Educational, regulatory, motivational, and personal and professional support drivers have been used to attract and retain physicians. The successful interventions implemented were mainly educational and supportive; such as admitting native medical students, providing relevant curricula on working in the deprived and rural areas, and conducting training courses in these regions. Those studying the topics and courses related to serving in the rural areas during their academic education or internship and residency programs had served more time in these areas. Assimilating the topics related to providing services in rural areas into the curriculum, holding fellowship courses and related graduate studies, awarding scholarships to the physicians working in deprived areas, providing free amenities, reducing working hours, and considering special holidays are considered among the recommended solutions.
Conclusion: Various drivers were used for attracting and retaining physicians in the deprived and rural areas. Besides, the challenge to retain doctors in such areas was fairly common. Most countries have put more priority on the use of financial incentives, nevertheless, a combination of interventions was preferred. It is worth mentioning that a range of economic, political, and social factors could play a key role in the success of recommended interventions.

Management of cosmetic surgery in iran: challenges and solutions
Maryam Tajvar, Parisa Pourfarokh, Najmeh Bahmanziari, Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan, Maryam Nazari , Haniye Sadat Sajadi ,
Volume 81, Issue 1 (April 2023)
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, beauty practices have attracted the attention of people following the change in lifestyle and social values. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of examining the opinion of experts regarding the challenges and management solutions of the aforementioned practices in Iran.
Methods: This qualitative study was conducted through interviews with 26 policymakers and cosmetic surgery service providers in Tehran from April to September 2022. Sampling was purposeful and snowball. The interviews were semi-structured and thematic analysis was used to analyze the data obtained from the interviews. The inclusion criteria for the interviewees' entry were knowledge and experience in the subject and willingness to participate.
Results: Challenges under the four categories of service providers (improper education, non-specialist providers, moral hazards, deficiencies in the way laws are written, and the ineffectiveness of the complaint handling process), service receivers (being influenced by deceptive advertisements, low level of public health literacy and lack of mental health), the place of providing services (performing surgeries in non-standard places and non-integrated information system) and medicines, products and medical equipment (insufficient control over supply, distribution and use and price fluctuations) were categorized. Experts considered the major part of the challenges to be related to the service providers. In the category of service recipients, "being influenced by deceptive advertisements" was the main problem mentioned by the experts. Performing surgeries in non-standard places, including limited surgery centers, non-sterile places, and unauthorized places, is among the unsolved problems regarding the place of providing services. In relation to medicines, products, and medical equipment, the main problem was insufficient supply, distribution, and use supervision.
Conclusion: The main effective measure to solve the challenges is to strengthen the supervision of the health system administrator with internal and external coordination and cooperation. In this regard, it is recommended to develop educational, ethical, and legal frameworks, regulate regulatory laws, public awareness, clinical interviews and psychological counseling, especially before cosmetic surgery, and the establishment of an integrated electronic health record system.

Challenges and solutions of integration in the health service delivery: a scoping review
Aida Asghari, Abbas Vosoogh Moghaddam , Ali Mohammad Mosadeghrad , Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan,
Volume 82, Issue 2 (May 2024)
Abstract
Background: Communication and cooperation among health care organizations have become nowadays crucial for improving the quality and equity in providing health services, and integration has been expressed as a solution by the World Health Organization. The purpose of this review was to identify the challenges and solutions of integration in health services.
Methods: This research was carried out from September 2023 to April 2024. All articles on the challenges and solutions of integration in health, using scoping review, were identified and used in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar search engines in the period from 2000 to 2024. The total number of English articles found was 4996, of which 662 were removed due to repetition. Among the remaining 4334 articles, 4249 articles whose titles and abstracts were not related to the research topic were removed, left a total of 85 articles, and after reviewing the full text of the articles, 27 articles entered the data extraction phase, which were finally analyzed using the framework analysis method.
Results: Finally, 27 articles were selected from which, 46 challenges and 26 solutions were extracted as to the integration in health services and categorized based on the framework of WHO six building blocks in five areas of governance and leadership, financing, human resources, information system and service delivery. The most important challenges of integration include; weakness in planning, imbalance of power between organizations, differences in geographical and spatial boundaries of organizations, weakness in maintaining data security, workforce resistance and the lack of laws and regulations, needs assessment from patients, related knowledge, financial resources, suitable payment models, integrated communication and information systems and interoperability between technologies. 
Conclusion: Integration of health service endures a series of challenges such mainly as the lack of rules and regulations for collaborative processes and resistance from providers and employees requiring innovative solutions. Addressing issues such as stakeholder power-benefit analysis, interoperability and data sharing among the providers could be essential for successful integration.

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