Showing 7 results for Javid
Ghazi Saeidi K, Jafari Javid M, Khazaei Koohpahr M,
Volume 59, Issue 5 (9 2001)
Abstract
Postoperative nausea and vomiting is a common complication that all anesthesiologist are familiar with the problems of its consequences. Although continued research on the recognition of factors affecting the incidence of PONV is being done but they are not sufficient and the need for research along with advances in anesthesiology and newer drugs are considered. In this prospective cohort study 400 children of 3 to 12 age who has been operated for general surgery (other than eye, thorax and upper abdomen) and orthopedic surgery in the Imam Khomeini and Children Medical Center Hospital has been evaluated. Of these, 200 children who had smoking parent and according to definition were passive smokers and the other 200 children had no smoking parents. Both the groups were matched for sex, age, and type of operation. With the analysis of data we noted that the incidence of PONV in both groups was 19.5 and there was no significant difference between the two groups. (Passive smoker 19 percent and non-passive smoker 20 percent). We also noted a relation between the duration and the incidence of PONV. So operation with more than 2 hours had higher incidence of PONV. There was also positive relation between PONV and controlled ventilation. However, there was no significant difference as the sex and type of operation was concerned. In conclusion, children of smoker parents suffer more PONV than children of non-smoker parents if operation takes longer than two hours or the patient is mechanically ventilated during operation.
Mehrdad R, Esmaeili Javid G, Hasan Zadeh H, Sotoodeh Manesh A, Ghasemi M,
Volume 63, Issue 4 (13 2005)
Abstract
Background: This study was designed to compare low-level laser therapy (LLLT) + exercise therapy with LLLT alone and exercise therapy alone, and to determine whether laser therapy is a useful treatment modality for chronic low back pain (LBP).
Materials and Methods: This study was a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Patients with chronic LBP for at least 12 weeks were included. Visual analogue scale (VAS), Modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (MODQ), Schober test, flexion, extension and lateral bending were used to evaluate back pain, disability score and lumbar range of motion. Irradiation was performed with GaAlAs (=810 nm, power density=226 mW/cm2) laser, two times a week, over a period of 6 weeks. Subjects were evaluated before the first treatment, at week 6 and 12 follow-up.
Results: The reduction in pain related to motion was significantly greater in the exercise + LLLT group compared with the exercise alone group (P = 0.004) but was not significant, compared with LLLT alone (P = 0.982). Disability score in LLLT + exercise therapy reduced more than the other two groups, and the difference with exercise alone group was significant (p = 0.03). Comparison of reduction of disability between LLLT alone and exercise therapy alone was not statistically significant. Improvement of lumbar range of motion in patients treated with LLLT + exercise therapy was better than the other two groups significantly, especially by Schober test and Flexion and lateral bending.
Conclusion: This study clearly shows that LLLT alone and especially LLLT combined with exercise can lead to better improvement in chronic LBP.
Talebpour M, Niazie M, Jafari Javid M,
Volume 65, Issue 1 (5 2008)
Abstract
Background: The incidence of inguinal hernia is 15 cases per 1,000 populations.
The most common surgical methods of hernia repair are conventional open hernioplasty and laparoscopic hernioplasty. The advantages of laparoscopic hernioplasty are that the regional anatomy is observable, and bilateral herniorrhaphy can be performed at the same time. Since laparoscopic hernia is usually performed under general anesthesia, to shorten the length of hospital stay and to prevent complications, in this study, we evaluated the use of epidural anesthesia during hernioplasty.
Methods: This study included 20 male patients treated by a single surgeon. We recorded the PCO2 levels before, during and after surgery, as well as the pain and intra-abdominal pressure.
Results: Only one patient required conversion to general anesthesia. Three patients had hernia on the left side only, 14 patients on the right only and three patients had bilateral hernia. The PCO2 levels did not change (P=0.789).
Fifty percent of patients had no postoperative pain. The median time to return to work or normal physical activity was 7 days.
Conclusion: Laparoscopic inguinal herniorrhaphy is a feasible alternative to open surgical hernia repair. Employing epidural anesthesia prevents the complications of general anesthesia. This method achieves a shorter hospital stay and time to return to normal activity, as well as reduction in pain. Controlled trials comparing laparoscopic and tension-free open herniorrhaphy are needed to further assess the relative benefits of this procedure.
Keshvari A, Jafari- Javid M, Najafi I, Chaman R, Nouri Taromloo Mk,
Volume 66, Issue 7 (6 2008)
Abstract
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Background: Chronic peritoneal dialysis
is a safe method for the treatment of end-stage renal failure. Worldwide,
patients on chronic peritoneal dialysis constititute approximately 15%
of the total number of patients on dialysis. In Iran, very few people have access
to chronic peritoneal dialysis, which is targeted by the Ministry of Health. This
lack of access is primarily due to the high occurrence of mechanical
complications. Improving catheterization procedures is an important way to
extend the use of peritoneal dialysis in Iran. Thus, a prospective study was
implemented to evaluate the outcome of a new laparoscopic technique for the insertion
of peritoneal dialysis catheters under local anesthesia.
Methods: A
total of 115 catheters (two-cuff, swan-necked, coiled) were
inserted into the peritoneal cavity of 109
patients with end-stage chronic renal failure during a 16-month
period. The method of insertion was a two-port laparoscopic technique with
local anesthesia and sedation. All patients were followed for 12
to 28 months. We prospectively evaluated mechanical
and infectious complications and survival rates of the catheters.
Results: The
average age of the patients was 51.5 years (range: 15-84
years) 54.8% of these patients were female. The overall
one-year and two-year catheter survival rates using this approach were 88%
and 73%, respectively. Event-free catheter survival
was 35%. The most common infectious and mechanical
complications were peritonitis in 52
cases (45.2%) and temporary dialysate leakage in 10
cases (8.7%) respectively.
Conclusion: Laparoscopic insertion of
peritoneal dialysis catheter with local anesthesia is a safe and simple
procedure, giving reasonable rates of catheter survival and complications.
Abdolreza Soudbakhsh , Habibollah Mortazavi , Mahbobeh Hajiabdolbaghi , Mehrdad Hasibi , Sirous Jafari , Hamid Emadi Kochak, Esmaili Djavid,
Volume 67, Issue 6 (9-2009)
Abstract
Background: Finding a reliable diagnostic method for brucellosis is the most challengeable problem. In this study we determined the optimal diagnostic cut-off point for ELISA test.
Methods: We gathered 56 confirmed cases of brucellosis. Furthermore blood samples from 126 controls including 73 healthy controls and 53 without brucellosis febrile patients were collected. In all of the cases and controls ELISA Ig G and ELISA Ig M levels were measured and compared with each other by Box plot graph and the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. The sensitivity and specificity of ELISA Ig G and Ig M were fixed in different cut-off values and Ig G and Ig M levels yielding maximal sensitivity plus specificity were selected for determination of optimal cut-off point.
Results: The nineteen patients had positive blood cultures for Brucella melitensis. The standard agglutination test results were 1/160 or more in 54 patients. The Box plot graph indicated a high degree of dispersion for Ig G and Ig M data in patients with brucellosis compared with febrile patients without brucellosis and healthy controls. We observed partial overlap for Ig M data (not for Ig G) between cases and controls. The area under ROC curve for discrimination of cases and healthy controls was more for Ig G than Ig M.
Conclusions: The ELISA Ig G is more reliable test than ELISA Ig M in diagnosis of brucellosis. Using cut-off of 10 IU/ml and 50 IU/ml have the most sensitivity (92.9%) and specificity (100%) for ELISA Ig G test, respectively.
Ahmad Joneidi Jafari , Ebrahim Sahebdel , Asghar Hajipour , Mihan Jafari Javid , Seyed Mohammad Mireskandari , Kasra Karvandian , Afshin Jafarzadeh , Shahram Samadi ,
Volume 71, Issue 11 (February 2014)
Abstract
Background: Surgeons and anesthesiologists working in orthopedic operating theatres are exposed to significant noise pollution due to the use of powered instruments. This may carry a risk of noise-induced hearing loss. The present study was designed to quantify the noise pollution experienced by anesthesiologists at Imam Khomeini Hospital which is one of the largest Iranian hospitals.
Methods: Prior to beginning of any operation a sound level meter was worn by the anesthesiologist at the level of chest pocket. Basal sound level was recorded. All changes in the sound level of 25 operation rooms and two related pass ways were recorded and the mean sound level along with maximum sound level were noted. These data were analyzed by SPSS version 17. For comparing the mean values, the One way ANOVA and Post-Hoc analysis was used. Noise exposures were compared with occupational health guidelines.
Results: Our comparative data showed that orthopedic operation room had the highest level of noise, indicating that orthopedic operation room is significantly suffered by the most types of noise with the P value of 0.002. This is contrast to the sound levels at the other operation rooms which were at same range and were not significantly different. Comparison of the maximum sound level between these 27 places showed that orthopedic and one of general surgery room had top two maximum sound levels.
Conclusion: Overall total noise dose during all types of surgeries was measured as twice of permitted dose and also orthopedic and general operation rooms experience brief periods of noise exposure in excess.
Mahdieh Shojaa, Mehrdad Aghaie , Mahsa Amoli , Patricia Khashayar , Naemeh Javid, Fatemeh Shakeri, Mostafa Qorbani , Ramin Mohebbi,
Volume 73, Issue 2 (May 2015)
Abstract
Background: Cytotoxic lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) plays an important role in regulating T cell activation. CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms are related with genetic susceptibility to various autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We analyzed the role of CTLA-4 polymorphisms at positions -318CT in patients who suffer from SLE.
Methods: This study was performed on 180 SLE patients referred to 5th Azar University Hospital in Gorgan, Iran. Three hundred and four ethnically-and age-matched healthy controls with no history of autoimmune diseases entered the study between 5th May 2008 and 23rd October 2009. DNA was extracted from blood samples according to the standard procedure. Polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragments length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to analyze the genotype and allele frequencies of this polymorphism. PCR was carried out using the following primers: forward 5′-AAATGAATTGGACTGGATGGT-3′ and reverse 5′-TTACGAGAAAGGAAGCCGT G-3′. The frequency of alleles and genotypes were assessed using direct counting. Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to compare the association between the alleles and genotype frequencies and SLE. P<0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: The CC genotype was observed in 94.5% of the SLE patients and 82.4% of the controls the difference was statistically significant (P=0.0001, OR=3.51, CI95%=1.77-7.53). The CT genotype, on the other hand, was more frequently observed in the control group (17.1% vs. 5.5%, P=0.0001, OR=0.28). T allele was significantly more common in the controls compared to SLE patients (P=0.0001, OR=0.26, CI95%=0.13-0.53).
Conclusion: Our results suggest that the -318C/T polymorphism of CTLA-4 gene might play a significant role in the genetic susceptibility to SLE. Therefore, further studies on populations, especially from other Middle East countries, are needed to confirm our results.
