Showing 9 results for Kalani
Kalani M, Foroutan H, Rahimi R, Ghofrani H, Ahadpoor Behnami Sh,
Volume 68, Issue 6 (6 2010)
Abstract
Background: The irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common chronic medical conditions. Various mechanisms, including altered gut flora and/or small bowel bacterial overgrowth, have been suggested to play a role in the development of gas-related symptoms aim of study. The clinical evidence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth as an important etiology of irritable bowel syndrome continues to accumulate. Clinical symptoms of bacterial overgrowth and irritable bowel syndrome are similar however, a definitive cause-and-effect relationship remains unproven. It is unclear whether motility dysfunction causes bacterial overgrowth or gas products of
enteric bacteria affect intestinal motility in irritable bowel syndrome.
Methods: In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial consisting of treatment with bismuth subcitrate. Primary efficacy variable was subjective symptoms frequency of abdominal pain, Number of bowel movement & Bloating/distension.
Results: 119 patients were enrolled (59 bismuth subcitrate and 60 placebo recipients). At the end of phase 2, all symptom scores dropped significantly both in bismuth subcitrate and placebo group (p<0.001). There was not a significant difference in symptom relief with bismuth subcitrate versus placebo administration.
Conclusions: There was not a significant difference in symptom relief with bismuth subcitrate versus placebo in IBS patients. Whether antibiotics can improve quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome warrants further research.
Interventions: Participants were randomly assigned to receive 120mg bismuth subcitrate four times daily for 14 days (n=59) or placebo (n=60).
Samileh Noorbakhsh , Majid Kalani , Ali Mohamad Aliakbari , Azardokht Tabatabaei , Fahimeh Ehsanipour , Reza Taghipour , Mohamad Reza Shokrolahi ,
Volume 71, Issue 6 (September 2013)
Abstract
Background: The incidence and clinical presentation of congenital toxoplasmosis in our newborns was not studied until yet. Goal of study is to evaluates the newborns for congenital Toxoplasma.Gondii infection and describe the clinical presentation from birth and follow up them.
Methods: We conducted a prospective study upon 270 newborns were born in two university hospitals in Tehran (Rasoul akram & Akbar Abadi) during 2011-2012. Cord blood sample obtained from the newborns during labour. The samples centrifuged, transported and restored in -80 centigrade freezer in our Research Laboratory. Specific T.Gondii- antibodies (IGG, IGM) evaluated by ELISA methods. Neonates with positive T.Gondii- IGM diagnosed and studied as infected cases. The infected cases treated and followed for progression of disease.
Results: Gestational age of newborns was between 28-41 weeks. Positive T.Gondii -IGM and T.Gondii -IGG determined in 1.5%, 44.1% of cases respectively. The most common clinical presentation in seropositive cases was eye involvement (50%), and brain disorders (50%). Positive PCR had not found in cerebrospinal fluids of seropositive (IgM) cases.
Conclusion: One and a half percent of newborns were seropositive for T.Gondii. Wide variation of clinical presentation and early diagnosis of infected newborns in our country is so important. Adding the serologic tests (IGM) to neonatal screening test is recommended strongly.
Zahid Hussain Khan , Mojgan Rahimi , Pooya Kalani , Batool Ghorbani ,
Volume 72, Issue 4 (July 2014)
Abstract
Background: Hormonal, physical, and psychological fluctuations occur during the menstrual cycle. Previous studies have shown that hormonal changes during the normal menstrual cycle affect anesthesia and analgesia. The limitation of previous studies are that they did not measure luteal hormone (LH), Follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, progesterone and cortisol levels. Our goal was to find more suitable conditions in menstrual periods for intubation of patient.
Methods: American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I patients, 16 to 40 years, undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery were enrolled in this study and conducted at Imam Khomeini Medical Center in 2013. The patients were assigned into two groups according to the phase of their menstrual cycle. Levels of sex hormones and hemodynamic variables were recorded for all the patients and statistical analysis performed.
Results: In 77 patients, 38 women were in the luteal phase (49.4%) and 39 women were in the follicular phase (50.6%). All tracheal intubations were successful on the first attempt with a mean duration of 2558±5.07 and 25.84±5.32 seconds in groups F and L, respectively (P=0.489). None of the patients were excluded for long tracheal intubation time. Systolic blood pressure after intubation in the follicular phase (138.4±20 mm Hg) was significantly higher vs. the luteal phase (127.7±18 mm Hg) (P<0.01), as well as the women’s heart rate after intubation in the luteal phase (90.7±12 beats per minute), was significantly higher than in the follicular phase (85.3±11 beats per minute) (P=0.05). Heart rate was higher in the luteal group than the follicular group thus the women’s heart rate after intubation in the luteal phase (90.7±12 bpm) was significantly greater than the follicular phase (85.3±11 bpm) (P=0.05).
Conclusion: Reviewing and comparing the results show that elective surgeries are bet-ter to be done in the luteal phase because of stable hemodynamic conditions.
Navid Kalani, Naser Hatami, Mohammad Zarenezhad, Alireza Doroudchi , Mahdi Foroughian, Esmaeil Raeyat Doost ,
Volume 79, Issue 5 (August 2021)
Abstract
Background: Medical malpractice is a serious problem in the health care system. This study aimed to review the medical negligence in Iran.
Methods: Based on the PRISMA checklist, a search for scientific records was done separately by two researchers. All the articles that had selection criteria were evaluated in terms of methodological quality. Medical malpractice was assessed in four main divisions including negligence, Lack of skill, Carelessness and non-compliance with government regulations). The bias test was performed using the Egger’s test. Revman software was used to analyze the data.
Results: In the present study, 25 studies that examined the country's medical malpractice from April 1994 to March 2018 were included in the meta-analysis. Negligence has been implicated in 1,105 cases of the 2,068 claims. Lack of skill in 255 out of 2068 cases, 432 cases of carelessness and 244 cases of non-compliance with government regulations Were recorded the results of the meta-analysis showed that OR negligence was 0.76 (CI 95%: 0.66-0.87), lack of skill was 0.61 (CI 95%: 0.49-0.76), carelessness was 0.62 (CI 95%: 0.50-0.76) and non-compliance with government regulations was 0.66 (95% CI: 0.60-0.73). In the review of the confirmed negligence ratio of the registered complaint files, only 19 studies mentioned this ratio. The results of the meta-analysis of these 19 studies showed that the OR ratio of the confirmed negligence of complaints was 0.6 (95% CI: 0.41-0.86). From all claims, General surgeons had OR of confirmed medical malpractices, equal to 0.47 (CI 95%: 0.37-0.60), gynecologists with OR equal to 0.49 (CI 95%: 0.36-0.66), general practitioners with OR equal to 0.43 (CI 95%: 0.30-0.63) and orthopedic specialists with an OR of 0.44 (CI 95%: 0.32-0.61).
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Conclusion: The results of this study help to understand the current position of medical negligence studies in the country to identify the cause of the malpractice and develop new studies for the future.
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Reza Sahraei, Ahmad Bostani , Mousa Zare, Navid Kalani, Fatemeh Eftekharian,
Volume 82, Issue 3 (June 2024)
Abstract
Background: Cataract surgery is the most common surgery in the world. The prevalence of age-related cataract increases with age, and its prevalence increases with each decade of age after forty years. Various drugs are used to control analgesia and hemodynamics in patients undergoing cataract surgery. The purpose of this study is to compare dexmedetomidine and 2% lidocaine in the control of analgesia and hemodynamic changes in cataract surgery with local anesthesia.
Methods: In this double-blind clinical trial study, 52 patients with anesthesia class I and II underwent cataract surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: lidocaine (three cc) and dexmedomedin (five μg/kg + lidocaine). The information collection checklist in this study included: age, gender, history of aspirin use, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, intraocular pressure, postoperative complications, and postoperative pain.
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Results: The Mann-Whitney U test showed that the Dex-Metomedin group had less pain than the Lidocaine group in the first hour after the intervention (P=0.012). Two hours after the intervention, the dexmedemodin group had less pain than the lidocaine group (P=0.001). In the investigation of IOP after retrobulbar block in the dexmedetomidine group, we saw a significant increase in IOP from 16.56±3.12 to 17.96±2.68 mmHg compared to before the block (P=0.001). In the lidocaine group, we also saw a significant increase in IOP from 16.18±3.66 to 19.66±4.67 mm Hg compared to before the block (P=0.001). Before and after retrobulbar block, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.694 and P=0.108, respectively). To investigate the effect of these interventions more precisely, the amount of IOP pressure change was also compared between the two groups, and we saw a greater increase in the lidocaine group than in the dexmedetomidine group (P=0.002).
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that dexmedetomidine + lidocaine in retrobulbar form compared to lidocaine was able to control the pain level of patients after surgery and systolic and diastolic blood pressure during surgery. It is suggested to use this drug as local anesthesia in cataract surgery.
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Navid Kalani , Hasan Zabetian, Shahram Shafa, Erfaneh Alirezai, Fatemeh Eftekharian, Reza Sahraei ,
Volume 82, Issue 4 (July 2024)
Abstract
Background: Recently, epinephrine is used to increase the depth and duration of local anesthetic pain, and it is widely used topically to reduce local anesthetic release and reduce bleeding caused by surgery.
Methods: This study was a randomized, double-blind clinical trial on 30 patients aged 18 to 85 years undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery referred to Peymaniyeh Hospital in Jahrom from September to December 2022. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups, A (epinephrine+fentanyl+bupivacaine) and B (bupivacaine+fentanyl). Systolic blood pressure, diastolic pressure, mean arterial pressure, arterial blood oxygen saturation percentage, and pulse rate were measured and recorded before drug administration, before spinal anesthesia, after anesthesia, and then every half hour until the end of surgery (15, 45, 30, 60, 75, 90, 120) and during recovery. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 21 software and descriptive (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (t-test, chi-square, Mann-Whitney, Friedman) at a significance level of P<0.05.
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Results: Thirty patients aged 18 to 85 years (in two groups of 15) with anesthesia class I and II undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery were evaluated. The study groups are matched in terms of age and gender variables. There was no significant difference in mean systolic, diastolic, mean arterial blood pressure, and heart rate before and after anesthesia, 15, 45, 30, 60, 75, 90, and 120 minutes after drug injection, and at entry and exit from recovery between the Epinephrine+Fentanyl+Bupivacaine and Fentanyl+Bupivacaine groups. There was a significant difference in mean O2SAT before anesthesia, 15, 30, and 75 minutes after drug injection between the epinephrine+fentanyl+bupivacaine and fentanyl+ bupivacaine groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The use of the combination of epinephrine+fentanyl+intrathecal bupivacaine compared to the combination of fentanyl+bupivacaine did not have a significant difference in the studied variables of patients' vital signs.
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Mojtaba Ghaedi, Mojtaba Sohrabpour, Gholamreza Motazedian, Navid Kalani , Reza Sahraei , Mohammad Sadegh Sanie Jahromi,
Volume 82, Issue 4 (July 2024)
Abstract
Background: Rhinoplasty is a challenging and complex surgery because it is designed to meet the unique needs of the patient. In rhinoplasty surgery, many factors contribute to achieving the desired result. These factors include the surgeon's care and observation, analysis of the existing anatomy, choice of surgical technique, degree of soft tissue and cartilage trauma, amount of bleeding, quality of surgical instruments and anesthesia, and anything that helps reduce bleeding.
Methods: This double-blind study was conducted on 50 patients aged 18 to 45 years undergoing septorhinoplasty surgery referred to Motahari Hospital in Jahrom city in 2022. Patients were randomly divided into dexmedetomidine and control groups. The degree of sedation, bleeding and surgeon satisfaction were evaluated and recorded. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 21 (IBM SPSS, Armonk, NY, USA) and descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, percentage, number, frequency) and inferential statistical tests (Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis, t-test, chi-square test). The significance level in all tests was considered P<0.05.
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Results: The majority of patients in the study groups were female and the mean age of patients in the dexmedetomidine group was 34.36±7.33 years and in the control group was 36.60±9.59 years. The study groups were similar in terms of age and body mass index (P<0.05). The frequency of patient sedation in the dexmedetomidine group was lower than the control group, but it was not statistically significant (P<0.05). The results showed that at the beginning of the operation and 90 minutes later, the satisfaction level of the patient surgeon in the dexmedetomidine group was significantly better than the control group (P<0.001). In the dexmedetomidine group, the field of view of the surgeon was relatively clear and completely clear. The amount of bleeding in the dexmedetomidine group was lower than the control group, but it was not statistically significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine increased the surgeon's satisfaction by reducing bleeding and improving the surgeon's visual field. Therefore, this drug can be used as an anesthetic aid in surgery.
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Seyyed Ahmad Razavizadegan, Fatemeh Eftekharian , Fatemeh Rahmanian, Navid Kalani,
Volume 82, Issue 5 (August 2024)
Abstract
Background: Diabetic retinopathy is one of the main causes of blindness in the world and one of the causes of disability in diabetic patients. However, no study has been conducted in Iran to Comparison of Quality of Life between Diabetic Patients With and Without Retinopathy.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 183 diabetic patients referred to the Jahrom Honari Clinic from October to February 2023. The patients were divided into two groups: diabetic patients without retinopathy complications and diabetic patients with retinopathy complications. The data collection tool included two demographic information questionnaires and a quality of life questionnaire (DQOL-BCI). The data of the two groups and subgroups were compared and analyzed using SPSS version 21 software and descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistical tests (chi-square, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient) at a significance level of P<0.05.
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Results: The majority of diabetic patients participating in the study in the group with retinopathy (70.3%) and the group without retinopathy (75%) were male. The groups of Diabetic Patients With and Without Retinopathy did not differ significantly from each other in terms of demographic variables and were similar. There was a significant difference between Diabetic Patients With and Without Retinopathy in terms of average quality of life (P>0.001). The mean quality of life in the group of diabetic patients with retinopathy (41.19±7.97) was higher than that of the group of diabetic patients without retinopathy (37.22±7.37). There was no significant difference between the mean quality of life and demographic variables in diabetic patients without retinopathy and diabetic patients with retinopathy (P<0.001).
Conclusion: That patients with retinopathy had a higher quality of life than the group without retinopathy. These results were obtained while none of the demographic variables such as age, gender, marital status, and education level had a significant relationship with the quality of life of these patients.
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Navid Kalani , Lohrasb Taheri , Fatemeh Eftekharian, Ali Talebi, Marzieh Haghbeen,
Volume 82, Issue 6 (September 2024)
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women. Epidemiological studies have led to the hypothesis that vitamin D may reduce the risk of breast cancer. This study aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D deficiency and breast cancer.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 59 patients referred to Khatam Al-Anbia Comprehensive Cancer Clinic in Jahrom city between May 2021 and March 2022. Thirty patients with pathologically confirmed ductal or lobular breast cancer in situ or invasive in one or both breasts, with no previous history of the disease and within two months of their breast cancer diagnosis, were considered as the case group. Thirty women without breast cancer who had been referred for breast screening examination were considered as the control group. Both groups were matched for demographic characteristics and age. The data collection tools in this study included demographic information and clinical history of the patients and serum vitamin D levels. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 21 (IBM SPSS, Armonk, NY, USA) and descriptive statistics (mean, percentage, and standard deviation) and inferential statistical tests (logistic regression, Kolmogorov-Smirnov). The significance level was considered to be P<0.05.
Results: The mean age of the patients participating in the case group was 52.17±10.6 and in the control group was 51.24±9.7. There was no statistically significant difference in age (P=0.654). There was also no significant difference between the two groups in terms of body mass index and different body index classifications, menopause age, and age of onset of menstruation. The number of months of breastfeeding in the control group was significantly higher than the case group (P=0.001). The results of logistic regression showed that, on the other hand, there was no significant relationship between the type of pathology of the disease and serum vitamin D levels.
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that vitamin D deficiency can be a poor prognostic factor in the course of breast cancer.
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