Showing 11 results for Kamali
M Shirzad, A Hedayat, N Kamalian, B Larijani, R Baradar Jalily,
Volume 59, Issue 6 (11-2001)
Abstract
Frozen section is a useful method in the diagnosis of different malignancies including those of thyroid origin. However, there are still controversies about its application, sensitivity and specificity for thyroid neoplasm. In this study, diagnostic value of frozen section (FS) was compared with permanent histopathologic and Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA). In this study, which was conducted in process research method, permanent sample, FNA, and frozen section results in 214 patients was compared. All of these 214 patients had been seeking medical evaluation for thyroid nodules between years 1997 and 1999 in Shariati hospital. All pathologic evaluations were performed by pathology staff of this hospital. Permanent pathology was considered as the gold standard so the specificity, sensitivity and diagnostic precision of FNA and FS were evaluated on the basis of its results. We use Macnemar test for this purpose. The number of patients during this period were 214 (160 women and 54 men). Mean age of our patients was 42.3±5.4 and their age ranged between 12 to 84 years. Pathologic results revealed that 163 of the patients (76 percent) had benign lesions, and 51 of them (24 percent) had malignant lesions. Thyroid malignancies comparised papillary carcinoma (70 percent), follicular carcinoma (13.5 percent), papilofollicular carcinoma (6 percent), medulary carcinoma (6 percent), Hurtle cell carcinoma (4 percent) and anaplastic carcinoma (5 percent). FNA was done in all of the patients before surgery and was able to determine the status of nodules in 150 patients. Sensitivity, specificity and precision of FNA in these 150 patients were 72, 96 and 90 percents respectively. When FNA was unable to determine the status of a nodule (64 remaining patients), FS was applied to do the job. A sensitivity of 36 percent, specificity of 85 percent and precision of 73 percent was found in this group of patients. Macnemar test showed that there is no significant difference between FNA and FS methods. This study showed: when FNA is not conclusive, FS will not bring any further benefit. It seems that only in suspicious cases of papillary, undifferentiated and medulary carcinomas, FS can be useful in certifying the results of FNA and choosing the appropriate surgical plan. We should wait for permanent sample reports in the case of follicular or Hurtle cell carcinoma.
Sedaghat Siahkal M, Nojoomi M, Kamali M, Tavajjohi Sh, Kashfi F,
Volume 61, Issue 5 (15 2003)
Abstract
This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of sub-fertility in Tehran (Iran).
Materials and Methods: The survey method was descriptive- Interview in 22 Municipal district (Iran) and a representative sample of women who were in their fertility age (25-45) were selected. After exclusion of 13 cases not meeting age criteria and 190 non-respondent cases 1987 remained.
Results: For this large city with a population of about seven million at the time of the study, we estimated the cumulative incidence of sub-fertility in 2001 to be 12.6% (95% confidence interval 11.2-14.1%). About 2.8% of this population was left with an unresolved infertility.
Conclusion: Between 11.2-14.1% of population of couples in Tehran experienced subfertility in their life and about 2.8% had unresolved infertility this must arise serious consideration to health programmer in Iran.
M. Adel Ghahraman, F. Hajiabolhassan, M. Naraghi, M. Sedaei, E. Entezari, M. Haddadi Avval, P. Kamali,
Volume 64, Issue 3 (1 2006)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to identify variables affecting outcome in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) treated with canalith repositioning maneuver (CRM).
Methods: This interventional study was conducted on 58 patients (14 males, 44 females, mean age 48.12+13.22) referred to the Vertigo Rehabilitation Clinic of the Rehabilitation School of Tehran University of Medical Sciences from 2002 to 2004. All patients were treated with CRM. According to the treatment efficacy the patients were allocated in three groups: completely treated, partially treated, and not treated. The effect of factors including age, sex, etiology, duration of BPPV, unilateral or bilateral disease, number of maneuvers, and number of sessions on outcome in patients was evaluated.
Results: Forty-nine patients (84.5%) were completely cured. Age, sex, etiology, and duration did not significantly affect the treatment outcome. Unilateral BPPV can be treated significantly better than bilateral BPPV. Forty-seven patients who were completely treated needed 1 session and thirty-seven of them required 2 maneuvers.
Conclusion: CRM is significantly effective for BPPV treatment. Treating unilateral BPPV is expected to be easier. As most of the patients will be cured by 1 or 2 maneuvers or in 1 session, patients who required more sessions or more maneuvers may not be completely treated.
Sabzevari O, Andalibi M, Ahmadiani A, Kamalinejad M, Abdollahi M, Ostad Sn,
Volume 66, Issue 8 (5 2008)
Abstract
Background: There is a growing interest in understanding the biological effects of time-tested folk medicinal plants including the green leafy vegetables, which supply minerals and vitamins to the diet. Trigonella foenum-graecum L (fenugreek) is a dietary vegetable and there are reports concerning its antinociceptive effects in Iranian traditional medicine. Its seeds are also known for their carminative, tonic, antidiabetic, antineoplastic and restorative properties. These reports and the hypoglycemic effect of fenugreek leaf extract encouraged us to assay fenugreek aqueous extract for cytotoxicity on NIH3T3 mouse fibroblast cells.
Methods: The NIH3T3cell line was purchased from National Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran. The cells were plated in 24-well microtiter plates with DMEM+F12 medium containing 10% fetal calf serum supplemented with 445 mg/L L-glutamine and maintained at 37oC with 5% CO2/95% air. Following a 24-hr incubation period, various concentrations (0.01-20 mg) of the extract to the culture wells. Cell viability was assessed using trypan blue and MTT assays after five days of incubation.
Results: The results show that the IC50 of the fenugreek extract as calculated from the trypan blue and MTT assays were 1.25 and 2.5 mg/mL, respectively.
Conclusions: Our findings, therefore, suggest that the aqueous extract of fenugreek is classified as nontoxic. This observed cytotoxicity is not specific and could be due to membrane disturbances.
Majid Dadmehr , A Fattahzade , Shahab Kamali Ardakani , Farzad Bateni , Farideh Nejat , Seyed Mohammad Ghodsi , Behzad Eftekhar , Sara Ganji , Fatemeh Dadmehr , Bashir Nazparvar , Saeid Ansari ,
Volume 67, Issue 6 (9-2009)
Abstract
Background: Several studies have investigated the variations in the anatomy of each segment of circle of Willis whereas a few have addressed the variations of this arterial circle as a whole. In this study the entire circle of Willis and its variations were studied in a cohort of Iranian people and compared with previous reports.
Methods: Anatomical variations of the circle of Willis in 132 brains of Iranian cadavers (102 male adults and 30 fetuses and infants) were studied. The dissection process was digitally filmed for further studies. Using computer software the external diameters of the vessels were measured and the circle variations were classified. The variations of the circle as a whole and segmental variations were compared with previous studies.
Results: Uni-and bilateral hypoplasia of posterior communicating arteries (PcoAs) constituted the most common variation in our study which was similar to previous works. Aplasia of the anterior cerebral artery (A1) and the posterior cerebral artery (P1) were not observed. In 3.3% of fetuses and infants and 3% of adult instances both right and left posterior communicating arteries were absent. There was one case of anterior communicating artery (AcoA) aplasia in adult group.
Conclusions: The anatomical variations discovered in Iranian circle of Willis in this study were not significantly different to those of more diverse populations reported in the literature. The main differences between the fetal and adult disposition are the diameter of the PcoA and the circular part of the P1.
Elham Harati , Hamid Reza Sadeghipour Roodsari, Behjat Seifi , Mohammad Kamalinejad, Sara Nikseresht ,
Volume 71, Issue 10 (January 2014)
Abstract
Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a major depressive disorder and one of the most common complications of childbearing. PPD has a serious impact on the quality of life of all family members. Oxidative stress is one of the contributing factors in pathophysiology of major depression. Thus, drugs with potential antioxidant action could be an attractive target for treatment of depressive disorders. Matricaria Chamomilla and Selenium are natural sources of antioxidant. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of oral administration of Matricaria Chamomilla aqueous extract and Selenium on experimental model of progesterone-induced postpartum depression and plasma oxidant-antioxidant system in mice.
Methods: Seventy adult female mice in seven groups were used in this study. All animals received daily injections of progesterone 5 mg/kg intraperitoneally for five days after which progesterone was withdrawn for three days. After modelling postpartum depression with progesterone withdrawal, Matricaria Chamomilla 300 mg/kg and Selenium 0.1 mg/kg and their combination were administered via gavage and imipramine 15 mg/kg was administered intraperitoneally one hour before open field and forced swimming test (FST). In order to investigate the role of oxidant-antioxidant system, PAB and MDA were meatured.
Results: All the treatment groups and the standard group spent less immobility time than the control group (P<0.05). Significant changes in the oxidative parameter (PAB and MDA) were not observed in all treatment groups and the standard group compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated the potential antidepressant activity of Matricaria chamomilla and Selenium in the experimental model of progesterone-induced postpartum depression in mice. These elements as supplement compounds could be alternatives for antidepressants in postpartum period. It seems that the antidepresent effects of this compounds do not induced by effects on oxidant-antioxidant system and may exert through any other pathway.
Nima Salehi , Soheila Rouhani , Mohammad Kamalinejad , Farid Zayeri , Afshin Motaghifar ,
Volume 72, Issue 2 (May 2014)
Abstract
Background: Surgery is one of the best choices for the treatment of hydatidosis. The use of effective scolicidal agents during surgery for hydatid cyst is essential to prevent the secondary infection. Up to now no effective and safe agent has been identified for this purpose. Berberis vulgaris called “Zereshk” in Persian has been traditionally used as herbal remedy for the treatment of complaints and it is widely cultivated in Iran. Many studies have shown that it has antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic effect.
Methods: In this study the scolicidal effect of Berberis vulgaris aqueous and hydro-alcohol extract for different concentrations (for aqueous: 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mg/ml and for hydro-alcohol: 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/ml) at different exposure times (5, 15 and 30 minutes) was evaluated. For this purpose, we obtained liver hydatid-cysts from a slaughter house. Viability of protoscolices was assessed by 0.1% eosin staining. Normal saline and hypertonic saline were used as negative and positive controls respectively.
Results: All the different concentrations of Berberis vulgaris aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts had scolicidal effect. An aqueous extract with 4mg/ml concentration acted as positive control and we observed to lead to the death of 100% of protoscolices in the first 5 minutes. The least scolicidal effect (12.3%) was observed in an aqueous extract with 0.5 mg/ml concentration.The scolicidal activity of hydro-alcoholic extract with concentration of 2 mg/ml was 100% after 5 min of application, which was the same as positive control group. We noticed a significant increase in protoscolicidal activity with an increase in concentration in the two extracts of Berberis vulgaris (P<0.001).
Conclusion: It is important to mention that all the concentration levels and exposure times applied in this experiment are relatively low, since scolitical activity in both of the extracts is at its highest in this low spectrum. For further experiments, we suggest that the stability of cyst fluid in both of the extracts should be assessed. Therefore, after In vivo examination and additional experiments, it may be used as a suitable and effec-tive scolicidal in surgery.
Maryam Akhtari, Mahdi Kamali , Gholam Reza Javadi , Seyedeh Razieh Hashemi ,
Volume 74, Issue 4 (July 2016)
Abstract
Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is one of the most important factors in cervical cancer. Viral sequences are integrated into the host cell genome. In mild cases the virus causes skin damages, in severe cases it leads to cancer. Like many other cancers, telomerase gene expression was increased in cervical cancer. This enzyme is a reverse transcriptase that contains two common subunits: i) catalytic protein called human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and, ii) RNA sequence called hTR. hTERT expression is hardly found in any somatic tissues. Detection of high telomerase activity in human cells, lead to tumor genesis. So hTERT can be used as a diagnostic tool in cancer detection.
Methods: This experimental study was carried out from May 2013 to April 2014 in Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran. Caski and Hela cancer cell lines were used which contain HPV16 and HPV18 respectively. Cell lines were cultured and total RNA was extracted. Following normalization agent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GADPH), hTERT expression level was determining by real-time PCR method. For each sample, the expression level of hTERT and GAPDH were quantified as copy numbers (per reaction) using the standard curve. Finally, hTERT levels in Hela and Caski cell lines were compared quantitatively by t-test using GraphPad statistic software version 5 (San Diego, CA, USA).
Results: According to the charts real-time PCR, hTERT gene expression in Hela and Caski cancer cell lines is significantly different (t=0.0319).
Conclusion: All results confirm that hTERT expression levels in Hela and Caski cell lines are significantly different and the level of hTERT expression in the Caski cell line was slightly higher than that of Hela cell line. The significant difference between hTERT mRNA expression levels reported here could be used as a tumor marker for HPV16 and HPV18 in cervical cancer.
Soraya Ghorbani , Roshanak Daie Ghazvini , Seyyed Jamal Hashemi , Parivash Kordbacheh , Ensieh Zibafar , Zahra Kamali Sarwestani, Heidar Bakhshi , Pegah Ardi ,
Volume 75, Issue 4 (July 2017)
Abstract
Background: Candida species are opportunistic yeasts that are capable of causing different infections and diseases among immunocompromised patients. Since Candida infections are major causes and frequent of septicemia in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU), and they are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, so obtaining adequate treatment seems necessary. Low birth weight preterm infants are especially vulnerable to these devastating infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the drug susceptibility of Candida species colonized on the skin and mucous membrane of neonates to fluconazole, amphotericin B and caspofungin.
Methods: This study was carried out in the laboratory of medical mycology and serology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences for the period of 7 months from June 2016 to December 2016. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 23 isolates of Candida species including Candida parapsilosis, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida guilliermondii and Candida krusei were studied. These under study isolates were previously isolated from skin and mucous membranes of neonates in NICU of Imam Khomeini Hospital and Children's Medical Center were identified by PCR-RFLP (Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism). Evaluation of antifungal drug susceptibility including fluconazole, amphotericin B and caspofungin was carried out. Antifungal susceptibility test was done according to the standard protocol Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI M27-A3) that is specific to the yeast fungi. Statistical analysis was done by using T-test in SPSS version 22 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
| Results: In this study, C. parapsilosis, C. albicans and C. tropicalis had the most sensitivity to fluconazole. Clinical Isolates of C. guilliermondii were also sensitive to fluconazole, but in C. krusei sensitivity was dose-dependent. All isolated species were sensitive to amphotericin B and caspofungin. |
Conclusion: According to the results, all isolated Candida species were more sensitive to amphotericin B and caspofungin than other antifungal drugs. In final conclusion, Finally, it is emphasized that antifungal susceptibility testing is necessary to prevent treatment failure or recurrence of disease.
Zahra Kamali Sarwestani , Alireza Dasdar , Setareh Agha Kuchak Afshari , Mohsen Gerami Shoar , Seyyed Jamal Hashemi , Reza Pakzad , Pegah Ardi , Alireza Abdollahi , Mohammad-Taghi Haghi-Ashtiani, Shahram Mahmoudi ,
Volume 75, Issue 4 (July 2017)
Abstract
Background: Fungi have a worldwide distribution which can cause a broad spectrum of disease ranging from allergic to systemic infections, particularly in immuno-compromised individuals. Fungal spores are an important group of bioaerosols in hospital environment which are an emerging cause of hospital-acquired infection. Nosocomial infections cause significant morbidity and mortality as well as large financial burden on the healthcare system. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and species distribution of airborne fungi in selected wards of two tertiary hospitals in Tehran, Iran.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, samples were collected during six months from July 2016 to December 2016 by using of settle plate method. Samples were collected from selected wards of Imam Khomeini Hospital and Children's Medical Center and then incubated at 28 °C for 8-10 days. Fungal isolates were identified using the macroscopic features of colony and microscopic characteristics in slide cultures. Yeast isolates were identified by CHROMagar candida medium. PCR-sequencing of ITS1-5.8 S-ITS2 region of ribosomal DNA was used for identification of unknown isolates.
Results: A total of 202 colonies including 133 colonies from the Imam Khomeini Hospital and 69 colonies from the Children's Medical Center were isolated. Cladosporium spp. were the most common obtained fungi accounted for 30.1% and 47.8% of all isolates in the Imam Khomeini Hospital and the Children's Medical Center, respectively. Penicillium spp. and Aspergillus spp. were other frequent species in two hospitals. Infectious diseases ward in Imam Khomeini hospital and emergency and urology wards in Children's Medical Center had the highest rate of contamination.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the frequency and diversity of fungal spores in hospital wards were different. In addition, since the fungal contamination in the hospital environment are affected by various environmental factors and the efficiency of ventilation systems, some of these wards require better ventilation system as well as regular monitoring to remove these fungal bioaerosols in order to maintain the health of patients and health care workers.
Azadeh Zahedi, Seyed Mokhtar Esmaeilnejadganji , Sekineh Kamali Ahangar , Rahmatollah Jokar,
Volume 77, Issue 1 (April 2019)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a prevalent disease worldwide and foot ulcer is one of the serious complications of chronic uncontrolled diabetes which could lead to various complications such as amputation of the extremity if left untreated. Total contact casting (TCC) is the gold standard in treatment of neuropathic and neuro ischemic diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) on which less emphasize is seen on routine medical practice. The aim of this study was to emphasize on healing effect of this off-loading method and to study the possible influence of variants on the healing rate of this technique.
Methods: In this cohort study, 92 diabetic patients with complaint of plantar foot ulcer grade 0, 1 and 2 according to Wagner classification had participated in Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Babol City, Iran, from March 2014 to February 2016. The demographic and biochemical information along with dimensions of foot ulcers were carefully recorded. After the primary cleansing, surgical debridement and dressing, TCC was applied on foot by the specialist and they were requested to return weekly for changing the TCC and re-evaluation of ulcers. The healing rate was calculated as decline in ulcer surface area per week.
Results: 92 patients of study sample with mean age of 63.9±10.56 year consisted of 76 patients with DM type 2 with BMI of 31.16±3.8 kg/m² and 58 male patients. The average healing rate of ulcers treated with TCC was 0.406 ±0.168 cm²/week. The duration of diabetes on average was 17.23±6.93 years. Most of the patients (n=45) had an ulcer on the forefoot and the healing rate of midfoot ulcers was slower. The average amount of baseline HbA1c was 8.2±0.19%. There was no relation between smoking history (P=0.94) and anti-diabetic regimen used by patients (P=0.754) with the healing rate.
Conclusion: The healing rate is slower in elderly patients and those with longer duration of diabetes. So in these two groups, TCC is to be applied for a longer duration in order to achieve complete healing.
