Showing 11 results for Karimi M
Hadad P, Karimi M,
Volume 60, Issue 1 (13 2002)
Abstract
Xerostomia is one of the disturbing side-effects of the radiotherapy to the head and neck region. Pilocarpine has been approved for the treatmentof this condition in the chronic phase, but its use concurrent with radiation could also be beneficial for prevention or reducing the subsequent radiation-induced xerostomia. We undertook to test this hypothesis in a clinical trial.
Materials and Methods: All 18- to 70-year old patients who were to be irradiated to the head and neck, with both parotid glands in the radiation fields, were eligible for this study. Patients with any medical contraindications for pilocarpine were excluded. Randomization was performed at the start of radiotherapy to either pilocarpine 5 mg three times daily or placebo in a double-blind setting. The drug was started with irradiation and continued until 3 months after the end of radiotherapy. Serum pilocapine levels were measured in a randomly selected number of patients by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPCL). Xerostomia was evaluated about 6 months after the end of radiation by an analog-scale questionnaire, and the objective grading of xerostomia was recorded by two separate observers.
Results: A total number of 60 patients were randomized into the trial (31 pilocarpine, 29 placebo), mostly with nasopharyngeal carcinomas. Mean parotid dose was 5, 818 cGy. Mean pilocarpine serum level was 14.65 ng/ml. No serous side-effect was observed. Thirty-nine patients were analyzed for xerostomia at a median time of 7 months after radiotherapy, 18 in pilocarpine and 21 in placebo groups (9 patients died and 12 patients did not come back for xerostomia evaluation). Mean subjective xerostomia was 40.3 mm in the pilocarpine group and 57 mm in the placebo group (p= 0.02). Also mean objective xerostomia grade was 2.2 in the pilocarpine group and 2.6 in the placebo group (p= 0.01). Subjective and objective xerostomia results were positively correlated (level 0.01). Age and the parotid dose did not have a significant effect on xerostomia.
Conclusion: Pilocarpine as prescribed in our trial produced the standard serum level required, and no serious side-effect. Compared to polacebo, pilocarpine used with radiotherapy could lead to a diminishment of subsequent radiation-induced xerostomia.
Fakour Y, Mahmoudi-Gharaei J, Mohammadi Mr, Karimi M, Azar M, Momtaz-Bakhsh M,
Volume 64, Issue 9 (1 2006)
Abstract
Background: Many studies have shown the efficacy of cognitive – behavioral
therapy and psychological debriefing in treatment of post traumatic stress
disorder (PTSD) and a few evidences are available for using these techniques
in large scale disasters. This study aimed to asses the effect of some
psychological interventions in reducing PTSD symptoms after Bam earthquake
in different age groups.
Methods: In a before-after quasi experimental clinical trial, we compared the
efficacy of one session of psychological debriefing and three sessions of group
cognitive-behavioral therapy in bam earthquake PTSD symptoms in different
age groups. We evaluated PTSD symptoms before and immediately and three
months after interventions by CASP scaling system and analyzed data.
Results: one hundred and thirty persons entered in the study and 51 persons
excluded during interventions because of migration. Interventions were
showed to be effective only in short term period. The means of PTSD
symptoms frequency and severity of avoidance symptoms were reduced during
three months period of study which were statistically significant P<0.05.
Interventions showed no efficacy for recall symptoms in long term and hyper
arousal symptoms in short term and long term periods. There was no
statistically significant difference among age groups.
Conclusion: Psychosocial supportive interventions may be effective on some
of the PTSD symptoms but there is no difference in different age groups.
Sadrbafoghi Sm, Salari M, Rafiee M, Namayandeh S.m, Abdoli A.m, Karimi M, Forouzannia S.kh,
Volume 64, Issue 10 (2 2006)
Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome is a complex of metabolic disorders that contemporary occurrence in a person is more than the risk of occurrence of each one separately. this syndrome has gained researcher's attention because of its relationship with cardiovascular disease and diabetes type II and its high prevalence in populations
Methods: A cross-sectional study performed on 1110 participants, 20-74 years old with cluster sampling. All of them had interview and special questionnaire were filled. Epidemiologic and demographic data were about hypertention cardio vascular disease and related lab data.
Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 32.1% that it was significantly more in women than men .this prevalence increased with age and BMI in both sexes .the most common metabolic disorder was TG>=150. 19.2% have none, 21.1% have one, 27.6% have two, 20.8% have three,9% have four and 2.3% have all criteria of metabolic syndrome.
Conclusion: Approximately one third of population of Yazd have metabolic syndrome and according to other statistics of Iran, this prevalence is more than U.S and Europe. It seems there is an urgent need for a national multicenter program for determinding risk factors for metabolic syndrome.
Motefaker M, Sadrbafghi S.m, Rafiee M, Bahadorzadeh L, Namayandeh S.m, Karimi M, Abdoli A.m,
Volume 65, Issue 4 (3 2007)
Abstract
Background: Following socioeconomic development, the amount of physical inactivity among a given population has typically increased. Physical inactivity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study is to measure the prevalence of physical inactivity among the urban adult population of Yazd, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on an urban population of 1500 employed persons over the age of 20 years via cluster sampling. We use the IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) to evaluate physical activity levels. We evaluated the subjects according to their level of fitness, attitude toward physical activity and physical activity levels.
Results: According to the fitness information provided by the participants, 2.1% were weak, 10% were moderately fit, 39.9% were fit, and 48% very fit. Regarding the attitudes of the participants toward physical activity, 1% was unfavorable, 32.4% were partly favorable, and 67.7% were favorable. Concerning the intensity of physical activity, 67.3% persons were inactive, 15% were sufficiently active, and 17.7% were highly active. After adjustment for age, 65.8% were inactive, 13.8% were sufficiently active, and 19.8% were highly active. According to gender, 81.6% of men were inactive, as were 54.4% of women. Inactivity according to age was as follows: 57.8% of the 20-24 year old, 66.9% of those aged 30-44 years, 70.4% of the 45-59 year olds, and 68.4% of those over the age of 60. Furthermore, physical inactivity was more prevalent in the higher socioeco-nomic group.
Conclusion: The level of physical activity in urban population of Yazd is low. High risk is associated with employment, retirement, high socioecono-mic class and higher levels of education.
Arab Mr, Allahyari A, Sargolzaie Aval F, Rafighdoost H, Karimi M,
Volume 65, Issue 8 (3 2007)
Abstract
Background: The extracellular matrix is a complex three-dimensional network of proteins and glycosaminoglycans, which have important roles in cellular physiology and cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Any changes in the extracellular matrix of tumors may be implicated in cellular transformation and metastasis. The aim of the present study was to identify changes in the hyaluronic acid of the stroma of colonic carcinoma.
Methods: Paraffin blocks of 30 patients with colon carcinoma (10 patients at each histological grade) were chosen from the pathology file of Khatam-Al-Anbia Hospital in Zahedan, Iran. Tissue sections (5-6 micrometers thick) were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and the alcian blue critical electrolyte concentration histochemical technique at pH=5.8. The intensity of the staining in each section was graded as 1, 2 or 3, referring to low, moderate or severe staining reactivities, respectively. Statistical data was analyzed with nonparametric tests by SPSS (ver. 10) and histopathological reports were prepared.
Results: The results of this study showed that there is a good correlation between histopathological grading and staining intensity of tumoral stroma for hyaluronic acid (p<0.005). Analysis using the Mann Whitney test revealed significant differences between staining grades 1 and 3 and grades 2 and 3 (p<0.005 and p<0.002, respectively), although there was no significant difference between staining grades 1 and 2 for hyaluronic acid.
Conclusions: The difference in staining intensity of the stroma in colon carcinoma is a result of different amounts of hyaluronic acid in stroma, indicating that increased levels of hyaluronic acid are associated with the invasion and metastasis of neoplastic cells.
Mina Mir Nezami , Hamid Hamidi , Saeed Karimi Motaleb ,
Volume 80, Issue 4 (July 2022)
Abstract
Background: Vitiligo is a skin autoimmune disease that affects 0.1% to more than 8% of people in the world. About 50% of patients develop the disease before the age of 20. In this disease, melanocytes are destroyed in the skin, mucous membranes and retina. As a result, white spots appear on different parts of the body. Studies have suggested the role of oxidative stress in vitiligo. Coenzyme Q10 is a specific lipophilic antioxidant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of coenzyme Q10 in patients with generalized vitiligo.
Methods: This study was a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial of patients with generalized vitiligo who had been referred to the dermatology clinics of Vali-e-Asr Hospital and Imam Reza Clinic in May-August 2016. The sampling method was random. Patients were treated with standard treatment, and the case groups in addition to standard treatment with tablets containing coenzyme Q10. Patients were evaluated for response at the first visit, 1 and 3 months after the start of treatment.
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Results: The mean age of 50 patients was 26.2±4.3 years. The diameter of the largest depigmented patch decreased in both intervention (P=0.000) and control (P=0.001) groups during 3 months of treatment. The difference in the frequency of patients in the grade of repigmentation was significant at the end of the third month compared to the end of the first month of treatment in both intervention (P=0.01) and control (P=0.02) groups. At the end of the third month, the frequency of patients in both intervention group with 21 patients (76%) and the control group with 18 patients (72%) were more in grades 1 and 2, while at the end of the first month, the frequency of patients in both intervention groups with 23 patients (92%) and control with 23 patients (92%) was more in grades 0 and 1.
Conclusion: Adjuvant therapy with oral coenzyme Q10 has no effect on improving depigment patch in vitiligo.
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Mahmoud Parham, Davoud Oulad Dameshghi , Hossein Saghafi, Azam Sarbandy Farahani, Saeed Karimi Matloub, Rasool Karimi Matloub,
Volume 80, Issue 8 (November 2022)
Abstract
Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency is one of the most well-known disorders due to long-term use of metformin due to interference with its absorption.
Methods: This double-blind randomized trial was conducted from June to October 2016 at Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Qom on 60 patients in the age group of 30 to 60 years with a history of type 2 diabetes for one to two years and taking metformin in the amount of one to two grams. Patients were divided into two groups of 30 people. The intervention group received metformin with 1 gram of calcium carbonate daily, and the control group received metformin without calcium. Each of the patients in the intervention group was given 200 calcium carbonate tablets. Vitamin B12 levels of the patients in both groups were measured before the start of the intervention, and they were evaluated in terms of neuropathy according to the Michigan questionnaire. Vitamin B12 of patients and neuropathy in two groups were measured before the intervention and after three months.
Results: There was a difference between the two groups in terms of gender, and no significant difference was observed between the mean ages in the two groups. The mean level of vitamin B12 before receiving calcium in group A (intervention) was lower than group B (control) (P=0.036) and after receiving calcium, the level of vitamin B12 in the intervention group increased (P=0.002). In the control group, the level of vitamin B12 decreased (P=0.030). (P=0.006), and in the control group there was no significant difference in the examination of neuropathy (P=0.2).
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Conclusion: Oral calcium daily intake increases vitamin B12 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and calcium may be able to moderate the decrease in serum vitamin B12 levels induced by metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Seyed Kamal Eshagh Hossaini , Javad Hakimelahi, Mohammad Aghaali, Zahra Mehrabi, Rasool Karimi Matlob , Saeed Karimi Matlob,
Volume 80, Issue 10 (January 2023)
Abstract
Background: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (autoimmune), the most common cause of acute onset of thrombocytopenia in children who are otherwise healthy. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the factors affecting the response to treatment in hospitalized children.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted by examining the files of patients hospitalized due to ITP in Hazrat Masoumeh (S) Hospital from April 2009 to March 2019. The criteria for inclusion in the study included confirming the diagnosis of ITP and the age of 1 month to 14 years, and the exclusion criteria included cases of discharge with personal consent and not completing the patient's treatment course, the presence of pancytopenia or bicytopenia, the presence of moderate or severe splenomegaly or severe in clinical examinations, BMA based on the presence of a diagnosis other than ITP, not receiving any of the ITP treatment protocols, and patients whose first visit with the diagnosis of ITP was in another center or city. The information about age, sex, clinical symptoms on arrival, initial platelets and the platelets of days 3, 5, 14 and 180 were extracted from the patients' files. The type of treatment protocol, the need to repeat the treatment, the recurrence of the disease and the major complications of the treatment were extracted from the patients' files and finally the data were analyzed with SPSS software.
Results: The response to the treatment on different days was unrelated to the age, gender, and initial platelets (except for one exception) (P>0.05). In relation to clinical symptoms, the response to treatment on days three and five was related to the clinical symptoms at the time of presentation and on days 14 and 180 it was unrelated. Response to treatment on days 3 and 5 in different treatment protocols had a significant relationship (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference on days 14 and 180.
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Conclusion: The best response was in the combined treatment group with methylprednisolone and IVIg, and the lowest response to treatment was observed in those receiving methylprednisolone alone.
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Seyed Hossein Hosseini, Hossein Karimi Moonaghi , Seyed Masoud Hosseini, Hassan Gholami, Vahid Ghavami,
Volume 80, Issue 12 (March 2023)
Abstract
Background: According to numerous research related to learning styles and also the difference of these styles in students, this study was designed in order to determine the status of learning styles in medical students in Iran.
Methods: This study was conducted as a systematic review and meta-analysis. Searching for articles in this study was done from September 24 to October 15, 2022 in databases: Proquest, PubMed, Iran medex, Scopus, Sid, Magiran, Google Scholar, Eric and medical education journals. The research environment of Iran has been Mashhad. Using the PICOTS model, the keywords: learning styles, clubs, medical students were used to search the mentioned databases. OR, AND operators and possible combinations of keywords were used when searching for articles in databases. The extracted articles were first evaluated in terms of the research title, then the abstract of the article, and finally the text of the article using the "PRISMA Checklist". In each stage, repetitive articles and articles that did not mention the percentage of learning styles were excluded from the study, and the articles that met the inclusion criteria were stored in the (EndNote software, version 20, Clarivate, USA), and at the end, 53 articles were analyzed.
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Results: The results of the study showed that the most used learning styles among students of medical sciences in Iran was convergent learning style (32% with 95% confidence interval). In the investigation of the adaptive learning style in the fields of basic sciences during the years 2006 to 2021, the percentage of using this style increased and this trend was statistically significant (P=0.0078).
Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, the most used learning style in medical sciences in Iran is convergent learning style, and considering the characteristics of convergent people, it is necessary to provide effective and efficient training in medical sciences to Students' learning styles should be given special attention so that training can be guided based on their learning styles.
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Neda Negahban Jouzan , Hossein Karimi Moonaghi , Hoorak Poorzand, Mohammad Khajedaluee,
Volume 81, Issue 1 (April 2023)
Abstract
Background: By examining the comprehensive system for evaluating the academic progress of general medical students, often the objectives of the cognitive domain and the form of cumulative evaluation were used, and the tests were not used much for feedback to the students. The aim of the study is to develop a model that fits the levels of Miller's evaluation pyramid in formative-cumulative forms.
Methods: The search was started in Iranian and international databases, magazines, curriculum of prestigious universities in the world. To find out about the latest events in the field of assessment, AMEE international virtual conferences in August 2021 and the summary booklet of medical education articles of Shahid Motahari 1400 (the 22nd national conference of medical education) were reviewed. Data analysis was done by Beredy's adaptive model. The search and analysis lasted for 11 months. Finally, a model was developed according to Miller's evaluation pyramid. Its validation was done in the focus group meeting in two ways, in person at Mashhad Medical School and virtual.
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Results: According to the extracted data, the approach of assessment is towards formative assessment format and improvement of traditional methods along with modern methods, which was clearly observed in the study of the curriculum of Harvard-Stanford University in America and Oxford University in England. Integrating the results with Miller's evaluation levels, and the formative and cumulative evaluation format, led to the formulation of a model with the most favorable opinions of experts. In addition, the majority of opinions and suggestions of experts were related to the change in the way of executive policies of universities and providing a context for the emergence of new idea.
Conclusion: A model including measurement methods according to the levels of Miller's evaluation pyramid was developed in formative-cumulative. It is suggested that the model be reviewed by the relevant experts and notified by taking into account the implementation conditions for the correct evaluation process.
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Elmira Hajizade, Hossein Karimi Moonaghi , Jamshid Jamali, Haniye Mastour ,
Volume 81, Issue 10 (January 2024)
Abstract
Background: In health care, the well-being and flexibility of the operating room staff are of great importance due to the hard and stressful nature of their work. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of Stoic resilience training on the resilience of operating room staff.
Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test intervention study with a control group. A study was conducted among 67 people operating room staff working in Imam Ali and Imam Hassan hospitals in Bojnord city in September 2023 In this research, the demographic check list and the Connor and Davidson standard resilience questionnaire were used to collect information. The educational intervention was also implemented using the “SeRenE” Stoic education package. This training package includes 4 exercises, which were used only 3 exercises per day and for 6 consecutive days (45 minutes per day) due to the resilience variable. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 24 and at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: Based on the results, the total resilience score increased after the Stoic training (72.03±8.31) and showed a statistically significant difference with the control group (65.03±11.16) (P>0.05). The results showed that after Stoic training, mean of subscales of competence, trust in one’s instincts, tolerance of negative affect, positive acceptance of change and secure relationships, control as well as the total score of resilience increased in the training group. Although the mean score of spiritual influences dimension increased after the training, this increase was not statistically significant (P=0.097).
Conclusion: The findings show that Stoic training had a positive effect on various aspects of resilience among operating room staff, whose effects are more obvious in some subscales such as trusting individual instincts, tolerance of negative emotions, and positive acceptance of change. In general, the results showed that people's resilience increased after Stoic training. It is recommended to include Stoic training programs in the training of health personnel and caregivers. |
