Showing 3 results for Kazemi B
Mirsalehian A, Jabalameli F, Kazemi B, Alizadeh S A,
Volume 61, Issue 6 (15 2003)
Abstract
Background: Staphylococci as a micro-organism, has the most importance to cause nosocomial infections, particularly in patients with indwelling catheters or other medical devices. Unfortunately 90% of Staphylococci isolated from the nosocomial infections are resistant to methicillin, and methicillin resistance strains are also resistant to a wide range of antimicrobial drugs, therefore detecting of these strains are valuable to eradicate the infection elements. Despite guidelines published by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards (NCCLS) for testing of susceptibility to methicillin for Staphylococci, the phenotypic method for detecting methicillin resistance remains controversial. Therefore, the genetic assays have been used to detect antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococci to methicillin.
Materials and Methods: Resistance to methicillin is coded by mec A gene in staphylococcus, and this gen must be detected in genetic assays. In this study 155 clinical staphylococcal isolates (70 coagulase- negative staphylococcus and 85 coagulase- Positive staphylococci) were evaluated for susceptibility to methicillin by using disk diffusion method.
ResuIts&Conclusion: Methicillin resistance was shown in 62 coagulase- negative staphylococcus (72.9%) and 27 coagulas positive staphylococcus (38.6%) but 63 coagulase negative Staphylococci (74%) and 28 coagulase positive isolates with mec a gene associated resistance were detected by PCR method. The results of this test were compared to the results for mec A gene detection by PCR test as a gold standard. The sensitivity, specifity and accuracy of the disk diffusion test for coagulase-negative staphylococcus were 96.8%, 95.45% and 96.47% and for coagulase positive staphylococci were 98.43%, 95.45% and 98.32% respectively.
Aligholi M, Emaneini M, Hashemi F. B , Shasavan Sh, Jebelameli F, Kazemi B,
Volume 64, Issue 9 (1 2006)
Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aureus (SA (is an important cause of nosocomial and community-acquired infections. The emergence of antibiotic resistance, especially in methicillin-resistant SA (MRSA) strains, has caused difficulties in treatment of such infections. The determination of antibiotic resistance patterns, particularly domestic patterns of Iran, is essential for appropriate treatment of MRSA infections and proper infection control measures in our country.
Methods: The antibiotic resistance of 338 SA isolates from various clinical specimens was determined by disk agar diffusion (DAD), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods.
Results: Using the DAD method, 47% (160/338) of the SA isolates were resistant to oxacillin, and only 6% (20/338) were resistant to vancomycin. By PCR, 48% (162/338) of the isolates had the mecA gene. The MIC of oxacillin in 93% of isolates was higher than 256µg/mL. The MRSA isolates, showed a high resistant to gentamicin (40.5%), erythromycin (40%), and ciprofloxacin (38%). However, only a few of the SA isolates showed a high resistance to vancomycin (5%) or erythromycin (3.5%).
Conclusion: The results of this study can provide guidance for physicians toward a more appropriate treatment of SA infections in Iran, thereby preventing the emergence of further antibiotic resistance among SA. Our results also revealed the need for further investigations using a higher number of specimens representing a wider variety of locations to determine the antibiotic resistance patterns in our state more precisely.
Pajand O, Ziyaeyan M, Mousavi A, Hojabri Z, Kazemi B, Bahador A, Hamidian M, Mousavi A, Hashemi F B,
Volume 64, Issue 11 (7 2006)
Abstract
Background: Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infections are a significant challenge in patients with Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT). Acute Graft vs. Host (GVHD) is recognized as a predisposing factor for increased incidence of HCMV reactivation. Availability of rapid and accurate tests for HCMV detection in HCT recipients is of foremost importance in developing countries, such as Iran.
Methods: A total of 201 peripheral blood leukocyte (PBL) and plasma specimens from 26 allogeneic HCT recipients were examined for HCMV DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Densitometric analysis of 257bp PCR products from clinical samples and 101-106 "cloned plasmid" per µg DNA containing a HCMV specific fragment were analyzed using LabWorks software (v3.0.02). Optical density of amplicons was plotted, and calculated HCMV viral loads were compared with the patients' antigenemia results.
Results: HCMV viral loads ranged between <102 to 1.35×102 copies per µg DNA among 7 HCT patients. In addition, 14 episodes of positive antigenemia assay in 7 patients in which peak HCMV load were compared with GVHD grade II-IV patients. Significant correlation was also detected between HCMV DNA load in PBL and plasma samples, as well as HCMV DNA load in PBL samples and antigenemia results. Receiver–Operating Characteristic analysis determined that 2,200 HCMV copies in PBL samples as the threshold value for initiation of Ganciclovir therapy.
Conclusion: This report shows that rapid and sensitive assays, like quantitative PCR, are extremely valuable for detection of active HCMV infection, and life-threatening HCMV disease in HCT recipients during the post transplant period. Furthermore, high HCMV DNA load among GVHD grade II-IV patients confirms the high risk of HCMV reactivation among these HCT recipients. Tests such as quantitative PCR also helps physicians initiate timely preemptive therapy and for a shorter period, which may lead to better clinical outcome in HCMV-infected transplant patients.
