Showing 7 results for Khales
Khalesi Mh, Amirfattahi R, Sheikh Zadeh H, Khorsandi Mt, Motesaddi M, Abdi S ,
Volume 59, Issue 5 (9 2001)
Abstract
The main goal of this study is to determine the auditory feedback effects in improvement of speech production process in prelingual totally deaf children who used cochlear implant prosthesis. For this reason, we recorded speech of four prelingual cochlear implant children pre and post of operation. Then we extract some static features of vowels-such as fundamental frequency, formant frequencies, vowel duration and vowel energy-from their stable mid-section and analyze them using a longitudinal prosthesis-on/off analysis. These patients-where are in the range of 7-13 years old-were operated in the cochlear implant clinic of Amiralam hospital. At each session, patients read the sentences once in device-on condition and then after 30 minutes stay in device-off condition. Quantitative results show that at least for the features under study, the patient's reliance on the auditory feedback decreased consistently by time (about 65%-averaged on all three vowels under study and all patients). So we concluded that after a sufficient time of operation, the speech motor patterns of patients will be trained for the correct production of static features of vowels and the relation of patients to auditory feedback for the production of such features considerably decreased by time.
Abdi S, Khalessi Mh, Naderpour M,
Volume 64, Issue 10 (2 2006)
Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to describe the audiologic and related characteristics of a group patient with speech perception affected out of proportion to pure tone hearing loss. A case series of patient were referred for evaluation and management to the Hearing Research Center.To describe the clinical picture of the patients with the key clinical feature of hearing loss for pure tones and reduction in speech discrimination out of proportion to the pure tone loss, having some of the criteria of auditory neuropathy (i.e. normal otoacoustic emissions, OAE, and abnormal auditory brainstem evoked potentials, ABR) and lacking others (e.g. present auditory reflexes).
Methods: Hearing abilities were measured by Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA) and Speech Discrimination Scores (SDS)), measured in all patients using a standardized list of 25 monosyllabic Farsi words at MCL in quiet. Auditory pathway integrity was measured by using Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) and Otoacoustic Emission (OAE) and anatomical lesions Computed Tomography Scan (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) of brain and retrocochlea. Patient included in the series were 35 patients who have SDS disproportionably low with regard to PTA, absent ABR waves and normal OAE.
Results: All patients reported the beginning of their problem around adolescence. Neither of them had anatomical lesion in imaging studies and neither of them had any finding suggestive of conductive hearing lesion. Although in most of the cases the hearing loss had been more apparent in the lower frequencies (i.e. 1000 Hz and less), a stronger correlation was found between SDS and hearing threshold at higher frequencies. These patients may not benefit from hearing aids, as the outer hair cells are functional and amplification doesn’t seem to help though, it was tried for all.
Conclusion: These patients share a pattern of sensory –neural loss with no detectable lesion. The age of onset and the gradual deterioration are remarkable. It seems that this is a new category of sensory –neural haring loss which deserves more attention.
Nastaran Khosravi , Nasrin Khalesi , Samileh Noorbakhsh , Shima Javadinia , Ramin Asgarian , Azardokht Tabatabai ,
Volume 71, Issue 11 (February 2014)
Abstract
Background: Meningitis is one of the serious and dangerous infections in the infancy and childhood and rapid diagnosis of meningococcal disease is important, especially in infants. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein found in blood and is an acute phase protein. CRP sensitive reactive that used for diagnosis of infection. This study conducted to assessment of the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid C-reactive protein, and neonatal meningitis, as well as diagnostic value of test.
Methods: Forty nine hospitalized infant that suspected to meningitis were enrolled in this analytic cross sectional research via non probable accessible sampling. 28 patients (52.7%) of all the patients were male and 21 patients (42.8%) were female. The average age of the patients was 22.6±11.88 days. Data from clinical examinations and laboratory tests entered in a questionnaire and all of samples divided in two bacterial (septic) and non-bactria (aseptic) meningitis group. All data including cerebrospinal fluid CRP of newborns were statistically analyzed.
Results: In total, the mean and standard deviation of age was 22.6±11.88 days. 57.2% of infants were male and 42.8% were female. In total, 40.82% of infants were diagnosed with septic meningitis. There was no significant difference between septic and aseptic groups in terms of sex (P= 1.00) also in terms of age (P= 0.1). The mean and standard deviation of CRP level in septic meningitis group was 0.95±0.68 mg/L and in aseptic group was 0.16±0.36 mg/L. The CRP level difference in septic meningitis group compare with aseptic group was statistically significant (P<0.000). The finding showed that cut off point for CRP level as a diagnostic test was 0.17 mg/L, sensitivity was 95% and specificity was 86%.
Conclusion: In the present study, newborns with septic meningitis had higher cerebrospinal fluid CRP level than newborns with aseptic meningitis, and CSF-CRP can be used in rapid diagnosis of septic and aseptic meningitis. Although this result has been seen in many studies, but more research is needed.
Nastaran Khosravi , Nasrin Khalesi , Samileh Noorbakhsh , Azardokht Tabatabaei , Bahman Ahmadi , Ramin Asgarian , Shima Javadi-Nia,
Volume 72, Issue 8 (November 2014)
Abstract
Background: Assessment of the serum lead’s concentration in the newborn immediately after birth can be effective for the detection of lead poisoning in the early stages and prevent of developmental disorders and neuropsychiatric behaviors. This study aimed to assess the serum lead levels of cord blood in some of the hospitalized newborns.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytic study conducted in the newborns ward of two hospitals (Rasoul Akram and Akbar Abadi) From December 2011 to October 2012 in Tehran, Iran. After non-probability sampling, 60 newborns in the first days after birth, underwent the cord blood sampling and the cord blood lead levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Then all of data were collected and analyzed. The serum lead concentration greater than 5 μg/dl was considered valuable.
Results: In total, 61.4% of samples were boys. The mean (±SD) of gestational age was 37.4±2.64 weeks and mean (±SD) of birth weight was 2701±642.8g. The mean (±SD) of maternal age was 29.20±6.73 years. 70% of mothers were urban. 13% of mothers had a history of drug use, and 5% were current smokers. The mean (±SD) of the serum lead level of cord blood was 2.97±2.24 μg/dl. This level was not associated with fetal gender, place of residence, drug history and current smoking. This level in the 16.7% of samples was greater than 5 μg/dl (high risk cases). High risk level was associated with maternal age, weight and fetal age (P=0.02, P=0.004, P=0.03), but this level was not associated with fetal gender, place of residence, drug history and current smoking.
Conclusion: Serum lead level of cord blood was relatively higher than other studies, although the prevalence of the high risk newborns (serum blood lead levels greater than 5 μg/dl) was low. Further research has recommended assessing the serum lead level in other newborns in the different areas to identify risk factors of neuromotor outcome in infants to prevent.
Nastaran Khosravi , Nasrin Khalesi , Samileh Noorbakhsh , Mazyar Tarkhani ,
Volume 74, Issue 4 (July 2016)
Abstract
Background: Fungal infections especially Candida species are frequent cause of mortality and morbidity in very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants receiving intensive care; Candida infections are tissue invasive. This infection increases the risks of adverse neurodevelopmental sequelae. Prevention and treatment of fungal infection is so important in very VLBW infants. The aim of this study was to determine the prophylactic effect of fluconazole in decreasing the mortality and morbidity in VLBW infants (less than 1500gr) admitted in NICU.
Methods: This prospective case control study were conducted among 102 Infants (weighing less than 1500gr at birth at born) admitted in NICU department of Ali Asghar University Hospital from 2012 to 2013, Tehran, Iran. Weigh of birth in cases and groups were less than 1500 gr and both were culture negative. Cases received oral fluconazole 3 mg/kg in 3 days in 1st and 2nd weeks, alternate day in 3rd and 4th weeks, daily in 5th and 6th weeks. Control groups had not received fluconazole. Mortality and morbidity and hospital stay were compared between cases and controls groups.
Results: We studied 49 very low-birth-weight infants with negative culture as cases (received fluconazole prophylaxis), 46 VLBW infants without fluconazole profilaxy (controls). No significant difference in gestational age (P=0.2), and mean weights (P=0.4) were observed between cases and controls. The mortality rate 8.7% (n=4) in controls (without prophylactic fluconazole) observed vs 2% (n=1) mortality rate in VLBW cases (with prophylactic fluconazole). Although the mortality rate in controls was 4 times higher than cases, but without significant differences (P=0.1). Indeed, mean duration of hospital stay in controls was longer than cases (28.41±9.93 vs 19.85±6.19 days, P=0.00001).
Conclusion: Although prophylactic fluconazole in VLBW could decrease the mortality of cases (control the fungal infection) 4 fold in compare with controls (no treatment), it was not significant. The prophylactic effect of fluconazole might decrease the length of hospital stay of VLBW neonates in NICU. Due to limited number of cases and control. For further decision about prophylactic use of fluconazole, prospective RCT studies with larger cases and control would be helpful in future.
Pegah Khales, Sara Minaeian, Ahmad Tavakoli,
Volume 81, Issue 2 (May 2023)
Abstract
COVID-19 is a major worldwide health concern that is linked to severe morbidity and mortality. In contrast to the majority of COVID-19 patients who experience moderate symptoms, about 5% of the patients experience serious manifestations such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, and fatal organ failure. Although pneumonia is the main symptom of COVID-19, other organs, such as the kidneys, might also be affected by the condition. Acute kidney injury is one of the most frequent extrapulmonary symptoms of severe COVID-19. Indeed, it has been suggested that COVID-19 affects the kidney as the second most common organ after the lungs. This is due to the fact that the virus attaches to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, which have significant expression in the kidney, before entering the host cells. It is important to follow up and monitor patients with COVID-19 for the occurrence of kidney damage, as timely treatment measures will lead to better clinical results and lower patient mortality. Even minor renal function impairment is a distinct risk factor for COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and death. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 infections can raise mortality for those with underlying renal disorders as well as make it more difficult to treat and care for them. It can also produce new kidney damage. Kidney tubular damage is the predominant symptom of SARS-CoV-2 infection's impact on the kidney, with proteinuria as the primary clinical symptom. The pathogenesis of kidney and damage in COVID-19 patients is varied and complicated. In COVID-19 patients, the virus has the ability to infect renal tubular epithelium and podocytes directly, which is linked to Bowman's capsule protein leakage, acute tubular necrosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and collapsing glomerulopathy. Other causes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in COVID-19 patients, including cytokine storm, lymphopenia, and macrophage activation syndrome, have been caused by SARS-CoV-2-induced immune response dysregulation. Interactions between organs, endothelial dysfunction, hypercoagulability, sepsis, and rhabdomyolysis are considered other major AKI mechanisms. In the present review, we focus on the role of each of these factors involved in AKI in COVID-19 patients.
Ali Samady Khanghah , Maryam Khalesi , Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Hokmabadi, Khashayar Atqiaee,
Volume 81, Issue 8 (November 2023)
Abstract
Background: Crohn's disease is considered a heterogeneous disorder with multi-factorial etiologies, in which the interaction of genetics and environment manifests the disease. Adverse childhood experiences can affect future physical and mental health outcomes. The rich innervation of the intestine with the Vagus nerve and hormonal interactions on the one hand and the constant contact of the digestive system with various pathogenic and non-pathogenic antigens have a proven role in autoimmune diseases and can gradually be chosen as a therapeutic goal.
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Case Presentation: We are reporting a case of Crohn's flare-up after trauma in a pediatric case. A 2.5-year-old male with a through and through anal trauma was presented in Akbar Children's Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, Spring 2023 with active bleeding but conscious. He then underwent a physical examination under general anesthesia in the operating room. At the Lithotomy position, a penetrating wound at the 3 o'clock anal verge and a tear in the perineal area at 9 o'clock, which, according to the evidence of pus discharge, were seen hours after the incident which was irrigated with normal saline and Hydrogen Peroxide respectively. Due to the contamination of the area, a supportive colostomy was decided to be closed after six months. At the appointed time during the colonoscopy, the pediatric gastroenterologist noticed extensive inflammation in the distal patch of the colon, which was consistent with Crohn's disease. Histopathological studies then confirmed this diagnosis. This was even though there were no symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease in the history of the boy's illness before the accident. The patient is then treated with prednisolone, Asacol, and ciprofloxacin, and after the disease subsides, the colostomy surgery team closes the disease.
Conclusion: Trauma can be an immune-disrupting factor in the digestive system, and trying to reset the brain-gut axis can be chosen as a therapeutic goal.
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