Showing 18 results for MT
Mt Khorsandi , M Motesadi Zarandi , N Saki ,
Volume 58, Issue 1 (6 2000)
Abstract
twenty-two patients were reviewed retrospectively to determine the effects of embolization on Glomus Jugulare tumors. 6 patients underwent embolization and 16 did not. All tumors were removed with a type A infratemporal foassa approach. The patients were evaluated for operative blood loss, operative time, length of hospitalization and new post-operative nerve deficits. The embolized group lost less blood and shorter operative times and less hospitalization. Embolization did not reduce the incidence of new post-operative cranial nerve deficits. The experience of the surgeon and operative team also play a significant role in the reduction of blood loss and operating time. Embolization carries a risk of significant morbidity, and its use depends on the experience of the radiologist.
Kalantari P, Sepehri H, Akbari Mt, Osati Ashtiani Z, Behjati F,
Volume 59, Issue 3 (8 2001)
Abstract
In this study, chromosome analyses were performed on 70 infertile Azoospermic and Oligospermic (<20 million/ml) men, and also cultures of peripheral blood lymphocytes by high resolution banding method were analysed as well. It is revealed 8 (11.43 percent) men with chromosomal abnormality. There were 31.4 percent patients with azoospermia and 68.6 percent with oligospermia from several thousands to 20×10^6 million/ml and their duration of infertility was at least 2 years. All patients with numerical chromosome anomalies had azoospermia and the most frequent anomaly was 47, XXY chromosomal constitution (klinfelter's syndrome), found in 8.57 percent of patients. We found that chromosomal anomalies found in this study were sex chromosome anomalies and an increased rate of numerical chromosomal abnormalities was among men with azoospermia. As a conclusion, we suggest that all men with azoospermia be considered for cytogenetical evaluation.
Tahmasbi Mt, Sajjadi Saravi M, Alami Harandi B,
Volume 59, Issue 5 (9 2001)
Abstract
Cut out or extrusion of the lag screw from the superior aspect of head and neck of the femur is one of the most common and devastating complications of the surgery of the intertrochanteric fractures with DHS. The exact cause of this complications is unknown, but it seems to be related to osteopenia, inappropriate position of lag screw inside head of the femur and inability of DHS to slide inside the barrel, which is the most ignored risk factor. We used short barrel Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS) for fixation of the intertrochanteric fractures in Dimon and Hughston procedure in 16 patients with unstable fracture, from may to August 2000. The only patient suffered from cut out is the one with static position of DHS in the center of the head. The other complications were delayed ::::union:::: in one, disingagement of the lag screw and side plate despite using compression screw, and one case of significant limb length discrepancy 6 months after surgery, mild limbing was the rule and the average of harris scores was 76. We think that, it is possible to reduce the rate of cut out with choosing short barrel DHS instead of the standard one, while using short length lag screw.
Khalesi Mh, Amirfattahi R, Sheikh Zadeh H, Khorsandi Mt, Motesaddi M, Abdi S ,
Volume 59, Issue 5 (9 2001)
Abstract
The main goal of this study is to determine the auditory feedback effects in improvement of speech production process in prelingual totally deaf children who used cochlear implant prosthesis. For this reason, we recorded speech of four prelingual cochlear implant children pre and post of operation. Then we extract some static features of vowels-such as fundamental frequency, formant frequencies, vowel duration and vowel energy-from their stable mid-section and analyze them using a longitudinal prosthesis-on/off analysis. These patients-where are in the range of 7-13 years old-were operated in the cochlear implant clinic of Amiralam hospital. At each session, patients read the sentences once in device-on condition and then after 30 minutes stay in device-off condition. Quantitative results show that at least for the features under study, the patient's reliance on the auditory feedback decreased consistently by time (about 65%-averaged on all three vowels under study and all patients). So we concluded that after a sufficient time of operation, the speech motor patterns of patients will be trained for the correct production of static features of vowels and the relation of patients to auditory feedback for the production of such features considerably decreased by time.
Khorsandi Mt, Karimi Yazdi A, Dabir Moghadam P ,
Volume 60, Issue 4 (15 2002)
Abstract
Background: The role prophylactic antibiotics in otologic surgery continues to be debated and perhaps misused. Prior studies have provided conflicting evidence with benefits obtained from the use of prophylactic antibiotics in surgery for chronic otitis media.
Materials and Methods: The current study was designed to evaluate the role of prophylactic antibiotics in the wound infection and outcome of surgery for chronic ear disease. It was the authors' impression that there was no difference between topical and systemic antibiotics in such surgery. Patients who met the inclusion criteria (n=193) were randomly assigned to a topical treatment group or a control group receiving only intravenous antibiotics for 1 dose intra operatively and 3 dose there after. Patients were followed post-operatively and observed for clinical evidence of infection, graft failur and hearing status.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups with regard to the incidence of postoperative infection or graft survival.
Conclusion: The use of prophylactic antibiotics in surgery for chronic otitis media can be recommended as an alternative method.
Tahmasby Mt, Moghtader Azadi Gh,
Volume 61, Issue 2 (14 2003)
Abstract
Arthrofibrosis continue to be a difficult complication of operative procedures of trauma about the knee. We present our experience in 8 cases of arthroscopic Arthrolysis between 1997 and 2001. in 3 Cases the etiology was prior Knee ligament surgery and 5 cases had sustained fractures about the knee. Technique begins with the liberation of the adhesions of suprapatellar Pouch, continues down both gutters , and ends with a cleaning of the notch where necessary. The result obtained are very satisfactory, with an average increase in the arc of mobility of 61 degrees.
Mahmoudi-Gharaei J, Mohammadi Mr, Bina M, Yasami Mt, Fakour Y,
Volume 64, Issue 8 (13 2006)
Abstract
Background: Psychological debriefing has been widely advocated for routine use following major traumatic events. Cognitive Behavioral Interventions, art supportive therapies, and sport and recreational support activities are other interventions for reducing posttraumatic stress disorder. We assessed the effects of theses methods individually and in combination on reduction posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in adolescents who had experienced Bam earthquake.
Methods: In a field trial, we evaluated the efficacy of psychological debriefing, group cognitive-behavioral therapy, art and sport supportive interventions in 200 adolescents with PTSD symptoms who survived of Bam earthquake and compare it with a control group. Patients were randomly assigned to one of intervention programs including: group cognitive-behavioral therapy group CBT plus art and sport interventions art and sport interventions without group CBT and control group.
Results: Thirty one individuals were excluded because of migration. A statistically significant reduction in overall PTSD symptoms as well as in avoidance symptoms was observed after group cognitive-behavioral therapy. There was no significant difference in reduction of overall PTSD and avoidance symptoms between the other groups.
Conclusion: Psychological interventions in form of group cognitive behavioral therapy can reduce the symptoms of PTSD symptoms but we couldn't find the art and sport supportive therapy alone or in combination with group CBT to be useful in this regard.
Fakour Y, Mahmoudi-Gharaei J, Mohammadi Mr, Karimi M, Azar M, Momtaz-Bakhsh M,
Volume 64, Issue 9 (1 2006)
Abstract
Background: Many studies have shown the efficacy of cognitive – behavioral
therapy and psychological debriefing in treatment of post traumatic stress
disorder (PTSD) and a few evidences are available for using these techniques
in large scale disasters. This study aimed to asses the effect of some
psychological interventions in reducing PTSD symptoms after Bam earthquake
in different age groups.
Methods: In a before-after quasi experimental clinical trial, we compared the
efficacy of one session of psychological debriefing and three sessions of group
cognitive-behavioral therapy in bam earthquake PTSD symptoms in different
age groups. We evaluated PTSD symptoms before and immediately and three
months after interventions by CASP scaling system and analyzed data.
Results: one hundred and thirty persons entered in the study and 51 persons
excluded during interventions because of migration. Interventions were
showed to be effective only in short term period. The means of PTSD
symptoms frequency and severity of avoidance symptoms were reduced during
three months period of study which were statistically significant P<0.05.
Interventions showed no efficacy for recall symptoms in long term and hyper
arousal symptoms in short term and long term periods. There was no
statistically significant difference among age groups.
Conclusion: Psychosocial supportive interventions may be effective on some
of the PTSD symptoms but there is no difference in different age groups.
Sadr Momtaz N, Tabebi S J, Mahmode M,
Volume 65, Issue 13 (Vol 65, Supplement 1 2008)
Abstract
Background: Assessment of different strategic in disaster planning in selected countries.
According to the international report indicating that IRAN is among the seven countries
most susceptible to disaster, experiencing 31 known disasters out of 40 in the world,
occurrence of 1536 moderate to severe earthquake, during 1370-80 and 712 other disasters
at the same period it seems necessary to design a disaster plan.
Methods: This research is a comparative-descriptive and case based study in which the
researcher used random sampling process in selecting the statistical society from both
developed and developing countries. In this goal oriented research the necessary
information are extracted from valid global reports, articles and many questionnaires
which were subjected to scientific analysis.
Results: Studying different countries (which includes: Canada, Japan, India, USA,
Turkey, Pakistan and Iran) shows that there is a direct relationship between the level of
countries development and their success in disaster planning and management (including
preventive measures and confrontation). In most of the studied countries, decentralized
planning caused many professional planners participate in different levels of disaster
management which ultimately led to development of efficient and realistic plans which in
turn decreased the catastrophic effects of disasters dramatically. The results of the
aforementioned countries showed that a balanced approach to disaster plan with
investment in prophylactic area is very important.
Conclusion: As our country uses a centralized strategy for disaster management which
has proven its ineffectiveness, the researcher suggests that we should change our
approach in disaster management and let our planners participate from all levels include:
provincial, rural and etc. This will led to a reality based planning and using all potential
capacities in disaster management. According to this study it will be possible to use
prophylactic delusions and to mitigate the outcome of threatening disasters.
Abdollahi A, Bagheri R, Maddah Gh, Rajabi Mashhadi Mt,
Volume 66, Issue 6 (5 2008)
Abstract
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Background: Stromal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (GISTs) are uncommon and
the cell of origin is actually mesenchymal. Stemming from smooth muscle, 90% of GISTs, or
leiomyomas, are found in the lower two thirds of the esophagus. Typically
solitary, multiple tumors (leiomyomatosis) are occasionally reported. Remaining
intramural during their growth, most of their bulk protrudes toward the
esophageal outer wall, with a freely-movable, normal-looking overlying mucosa. In
this study, we report a rare case of esophageal leiomyomatosis treated by
esophagectomy.
Case
Report: A 70-year-old man presented with discomfort upon
swallowing, dysphagia, nausea, belching and weight loss. After a barium
swallow, only dilatation of the esophagus from the retained food and saliva was
seen. CT
scan revealed a 10-cm
dilatation of the thoracic esophagus. An endoscopy and upper GI series was performed,
but no pathology was found. Esophageal manometry and pH monitoring for
gastroesophageal reflux were normal. Upon endoscopic ultrasonography, a thickening
of the esophageal wall was identified 20-30 cm from the dental arch. The patient was diagnosed with
a GIST,
referred to surgeon and a transhiatal esophagectomy was performed. The patient was
discharged from the hospital in good condition and has had no problem during
the one-year period of follow up.
Baigmohammadi Mt, Mohammadi M, Mahmoodpour A, Karvandian K, Aghdashi M,
Volume 66, Issue 7 (6 2008)
Abstract
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Background: Lead poisoning could be associated with
gastrointestinal renal, hematologic complications and neurologic deficit.
Case report: The patient was an opium addict, forty
one years old male, to hospital admitted with gastrointestinal signs,
constipation, abdominal pain, severe weakness of upper and lower limbs without
any sensory impairment and with anemia, leukocytosis, and slightly increased
liver function tests. Serum level of lead was more than 200µg/dl.
After treatment with dimercaprol (BAL),
CaNa2EDTA
for two five days sessions that followed with oral succimer for three days,
signs and symptoms relieved, all laboratory tests became normal and blood level
of lead reduced but the patient was discharged with quadriplegia. There was no
fecal or urinary incontinence.
Conclusions: Because of irreversibility and severity of lead related neuronal injury,
we should suspect to lead poisoning in each patient with neuronal involvement
and concurrent GI and hematologic signs.
Ashrafi M, Hamidi Beheshti Mt, Shahidi Sh, Ashrafi F,
Volume 67, Issue 5 (6 2009)
Abstract
Background: Kidney transplantation had been evaluated in some
researches in Iran mainly with clinical approach. In this research we
evaluated graft survival in kidney recipients and factors impacting on
survival rate. Artificial neural networks have a good ability in
modeling complex relationships, so we used this ability to demonstrate
a model for prediction of 5yr graft survival after kidney
transplantation.
Methods: This retrospective study was done on 316 kidney
transplants from 1984 through 2006 in Isfahan. Graft survival was
calculated by Kaplan-meire method. Cox regression and artificial neural
networks were used for constructing a model for prediction of graft
survival.
Results: Body mass index (BMI) and type of transplantation
(living/cadaver) had significant effects on graft survival in cox
regression model. Effective variables in neural network model were
recipient age, recipient BMI, type of transplantation and donor age.
One year, 3 year and 5 year graft survival was 96%, 93% and 90%
respectively. Suggested artificial neural network model had good
accuracy (72%) with the area under the Receiver-Operating
Characteristic (ROC) curve 0.736 and appropriate results in goodness of
fit test (κ2=33.924). Sensitivity of model in identification of true
positive situations was more than false negative situations (72% Vs
61%).
Conclusion: Graft survival in living donors was
more than cadaver donors. Graft survival decreased when the BMI
increased at transplantation time. In traditional statistical approach
Cox regression analysis is used in survival analysis, this research
shows that artificial neural networks also can be used in constructing
models to predict graft survival in kidney transplantation.
Eshraghi S, Salehipour Z, Pourmand Mr, Rahimi Forushani A, Zahraei Salehi Mt, Agha Amiri S, Bakhtyari R, Abedi Mohtasab Tp, Mardani N, Seyed Amiri S, Soltan Dallal Mm,
Volume 67, Issue 7 (7 2009)
Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a major foodborne pathogen throughout the world. Enterotoxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 are important virulence factors and as pyrogenic toxin superantigens have profound effects on the ir host. Thus circulation of TSST1 producing S.aureus among people and food chain is a worrying issue. The present paper was conducted to study Prevalence of tst, entC, entA and entA/C genes in staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from different foods.
Methods: Over 1040 food samples have been analyzed differentially according to Iran national standard (number= 1194) for S.aureus identification. After DNA extraction, PCR reactions were carried out by reference strain as positive control, adequate primers.
Results: At present study, prevalence of foodstuffs contaminated by S.aureus isolates was about 9.5% (100 strains). Of 25% of isolates producing entC, 28% (seven strains) had tst gene at the same time and of 8% of isolates producing entA, 12.5% (one strain) were positive for tst genes simultaneously. Altogether of 9% isolates producing combination of entC and entA, 44.4% (four strains) were also producer of tst gene.
Conclusion: Prevalence of TSST1 producing strains in combination with enterotoxin genes is considerable especially with entC and A plus C. On the other hand, circulation of these isolates in humans, animals, foods and environment has hazardous effect for general public health.
Madani Kermani Z, Khorsandi Mt, Yazdani N, Mirashrafi F,
Volume 67, Issue 7 (7 2009)
Abstract
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Background: Neck
lymph node metastasis has the prognostic role in SCC of the tongue and the
importance of the biologic markers in tumor invasion and metastasis has been
stated in the medical literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the
relationship between two biomarkers, p53 and EGFR (which had the main role in cell proliferation) and
two other biomarkers, CD44 and E-cadherin, in lymph node metastasis.
Methods: In an analytic descriptive study fifty three patients
with SCC (Squamous Cell Carcinoma) of the tongue who underwent the resection of
tumor and dissection of neck lymph nodes were assessed during the year of 2002-2009.
Histological samples from 53 patients were immunohistochemically stained and the
analysis of these markers were performed due to clinicopathological variable
and metastasis of the neck lymph nodes.
Results: The result showed that among the clinicopathological
factors, the relationship between Age (p=0.01), history of having risk factors (p=0.002), clinical
lymphadenopathy (p=0.002), the size of the tumor (p=0.001),
decreasing of CD44 (p=0.02) and lymph node metastasis of
the neck were statistically significant. No significant relationship were found
between sex and other biomarkers including p53, EGFR, E-cadherin.
Conclusion: CD44 is an important
indicator of prognostic markers that can also be used as an indicator of
clinocopathological markers.
Amanollahi A, Naghizadeh J, Khatibi A, Hollisaz Mt, Shamsoddini A, Saburi A,
Volume 70, Issue 10 (4 2013)
Abstract
Background: Stretching exercises and massage therapy are both suggested for pain relief in fibromyalgia syndrome. Previous studies have not proved their superiority over each other. This study compared the therapeutic effects of friction massage, stretching exercises, and analgesics on pain relief in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome.
Methods: We evaluated 129 female patients with the diagnosis of primary fibromyalgia visited at the physical medicine clinics of Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran, Iran during 2010- 2011. Patients were randomly divided into three groups: the first group received 400 mg ibuprofen P.O. (3 times per day) and 25 mg nortriptyline (daily) P.O. as analgesic, the second group was treated by friction massage and the third group performed stretching exercises. Patients were assessed three times (initially, after one and four weeks) by visual analogue scale (VAS).
Results: The mean age of participants was 60.46 years. The mean age in each treatment group was 46.66 years in medication group, 46.73 years in stretching group and 46.65 years in friction massage group. Changes in VAS score over 4 weeks were 2.4, 3.1 and 1.9, in the first, second, and third groups, respectively. The changes in VAS were significantly different in the first and second groups rather than the controls (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The effect of stretch exercise on pain relief was similar to analgesics, but it was more effective than friction massage. Moreover, the therapeutic effect of stretching exercise on pain relief upon four weeks was more permanent than friction massage but it was similar to analgesics.
Hamidreza Mirzaei , Mohammadreza Barzegartahamtan ,
Volume 77, Issue 12 (March 2020)
Abstract
Background: The rate of recurrence and mortality in high-risk prostate cancer remains high. On the other hand, the use of chemotherapy in metastatic prostate cancer has improved overall survival of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone on increasing survival of patients with high risk localized prostate cancer
Methods: This is a systematic review study. Databases including Scopus, Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Embase were searched. The terms used include prostate cancer, adenocarcinoma, neoadjuvant, chemotherapy, chemotherapy alone, systemic therapy. Of the various types of articles, only oiginal research studies that specifically focused on neoadjuvant chemotherapy (not chemotherapy with target therapy, immunotherapy, or hormone therapy) were identified. Inclusion criteria included study type (original research studies) and sample type (high-risk localized prostate cancer patients) and outcome type (patient survival).
Results: A total of 17 original research studies were identified. All of these studies were phase one or phase two. Docetaxel was the most commonly used chemotherapy drug. Also, the most common regimen used was the use of docetaxel alone. The rate of decrease in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (>50%) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was reported in 24 to 58% of patients. PSA declines of less than 50% after neoadjuvant chemotherapy occurred in 40 to 100% of patients. No studies reported a complete pathologic response following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. However, the relative pathologic response and reduced tumor volume were seen in the majority of patients. All of these studies showed that neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone, in high-risk prostate cancer patients, was almost well tolerated and that the complications were mostly mild (grade 1 and 2). Grade 3 and 4 complications were negligible. A 2-year recurrence-free survival of up to 68.5% and a 5-year recurrence-free survival of up to 49% were reported. The overall 5-year survival also ranged from 35 to 48%.
Conclusion: The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone has not clearly increased the survival of patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer, and there is controversy in studies.
Amir Hamta, Abedin Saghafipour, Ehssan Mozaffari, Zahra Salemi ,
Volume 78, Issue 6 (September 2020)
Abstract
Background: Currently, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) as a parasitic disease is treated with Glucantime and Pentostam in most of the endemic countries. This study aimed to identify factors affecting the glucantime therapy duration rate in patients with CL using a survival analysis model.
Methods: This retrospective descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 1017 CL patients that were referred to the urban and rural comprehensive health centers of Qom Province under the supervision of Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, from April 2014 to March 2019 through the census. The recovery time was measured by the Kaplan-Meier method, and then the survival function was plotted based on each variable. The Log-Rank test was applied to analyze the differences among variables, and after the evaluation of the PH assumption by Shoenfeld residuals, a stepwise forward Cox progressive regression was used to determine factors affecting intralesional or systematic treatment duration in the patients involved with cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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Results: The recovery rate of lesions in cutaneous leishmaniasis cases was found to be 96.7% by the intralesional treatment and 93% by the systematic one. The mean recovery time for cutaneous leishmaniasis patients was 8.00 weeks for the intralesional treatment and 18.00 days for the systematic treatment. The only significant variable in the intralesional treatment was observed on cases with thigh lesions, meaning that those patients who had CL lesions on their thighs experienced a significant reduction in their recovery time. Furthermore, the lesion variable was also significant (P=0.039) as the recovery chance of those patients who had four or more CL lesions was 30% less.
Conclusion: The existence of lesions on CL patients’ thighs and a low number of lesions in CL patients can decrease the recovery time. The use of the Cox regression model in medical studies is more appropriate because not only does it consider the occurrence of the event but also it can reveal the occurrence time of the disease.
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Arghavan Afra, Pouriya Nafari, Masoud Foroutan, Mahboobeh Momtazan , Naser Kamyari,
Volume 81, Issue 9 (December 2023)
Abstract
Background: Correct clinical decision-making has a significant impact on the treatment process, achieving the expected clinical outcome and increasing patient satisfaction, and identifying the factors affecting it is essential for evidence-based medical education. This study aimed to determine the relationship between evidence-based medicine with academic self-efficacy and research self-efficacy of medical students.
Methods: This descriptive analytical study conducted from October 2022 to October 2023 on 45 medical students at Abadan University of Medical Sciences. After obtaining consent from the students and registering demographic and educational information, data collection was performed using evidence-based medicine, academic self-efficacy, and research self-efficacy questionnaires. Then data analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman correlation coefficient, and regression model in SPSS.
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Results: The findings of our study showed that research self-efficacy in students who had research experience (189.03) was significantly higher than students who did not have research experience (140.76). In addition, the average score of academic and research self-efficacy and evidence-based medicine in students who had a history of membership in the student research committee was significantly higher than students who did not have a history of membership. Finally, it was found that evidence-based medicine had a direct and significant relationship with research self-efficacy (r=0.361, P<0.05) and academic self-efficacy (r=0.457, P<0.001). In examining the relationship between academic self-efficacy and research self-efficacy, it was also found that these two variables have a direct and significant relationship with each other (r=0.714, P<0.001). As well as, there was no significant relationship between academic self-efficacy, research self-efficacy, and understanding the characteristics of evidence-based practice with any of the variables of age, gender and entry year (P>0.05).
Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that academic self-efficacy and research self-efficacy have an effect on evidence-based medicine, and all of the above can be improved by teaching medical students to participate in student research committees and doing research work. In this way, it improves the quality of treatment in doctors.
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