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Showing 3 results for Mohammad Jafari
Fetal gender screening based on placental location by 2-dimentional ul-trasonography
Razieh Mohammad Jafari , Mojgan Barati , Saeed Bagheri , Zeinab Shajirat ,
Volume 72, Issue 5 (August 2014)
Abstract
Background: Early detection of fetal gender can provide an alarm for parents who complicated by genetic disorders. Moreover, the invasive tests are used for detecting any sex-specific genetic syndromes before 12 weeks of gestation. This study was de-signed to discover any association between placental location and fetal gender between 11 to 13+6 weeks of gestation. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 singleton pregnant women. They were referred for Down syndrome screening sonography to prenatal clinic, Imam Khomeini Hospital a tertiary referral university affiliated hospital, Ahvaz, Iran, in 2013. Women were included if they are singleton and at 11 to 13(+6) weeks gestational age. Exclusion criteria were multifetal, ectopic pregnancies, or dead fetus. Information about placental location (upper, middle, below, anterior, posterior), gravidity, and fetal gender were recorded. All participants of our study were evaluated by one trained gy-necologist in ultrasound examinations during nuchal translucency (NT) examinations. Ultrasonography was performed using the Accuvix V10 OB/GYN ultrasound. All patients were followed-up till delivery for confirming the predicted gender. Information regarding gender of newborn were collected using medical chart review or by phone contact. Results: Among 200 placenta which had been assessed, 103 (51.5%) were anterior and 97 (48.5%) were posterior. Our results showed that 75 (72.8%) from girl cases had an anterior placenta, while just 28 (27.2%) from boy cases had an anterior placenta (P< 0.001). In addition, there was significant association between placental location regard-ing below, middle, and upper and fetal gender. Conclusion: According to our results, an anterior and posterior positions of the placen-ta had significant relation with fetal gender. Our findings are consistent with previous studies regarding prediction of fetal gender using placental location. We suggest that more research with large sample size is required as well as investigations with more de-tails about placental locations.
Adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome women
Roshan Nikbakht , Mahvash Zargar , Zeinab Barekati , Razieh Mohammad Jafari , Nahid Shahbazian , Mojgan Barati ,
Volume 73, Issue 11 (February 2016)
Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorders in reproductive age women. These women confer with complications of pregnancy such as gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia and neonatal complications such as small for gestational diabetes (SGA) are more prevalence in women with PCOS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of complications associated with PCOS in pregnant women.

Methods: This was an observational and prospective study which recruited 205 pregnant women with PCOS from Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS) between 2013 and 2014. Inclusion criteria were women with PCOS and gestational age over 20 weeks. The demographic and clinical variables including mother's age, body mass index (BMI) and conditions of pregnancy including pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes and overt diabetes and neonatal complications such as preterm labor (PTL), SGA and intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) were recorded.

Results: The prevalence of hypertension disorders, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes and overt diabetes were observed in 44 (21.5%), 18 (8.8%), 29 (14%) and 22 (11%) patients, respectively. The history of familial diabetes was shown in 28 patients (13.6%). In addition, the history of pregnancy induced hypertension was reported in 25 patients (12.1%). Only 6 patients (2.9%) had history of gestational diabetes. Among neonatal complications due to PCOS, SGA with 15.3% and then PTL with 12.6% had highest prevalence. IUFD was shown only in 2 patients.

Conclusion: Pregnant women with PCOS are at the higher risk for pregnancy and neonatal complications. Specifically, these women should be evaluated for pregnancy induced hypertension during pregnancy than others.


Evaluation of the role of TLR4 in endotoxin-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats with biliary cirrhosis
Razieh Mohammad Jafari , Farahnaz Jazaeri ,
Volume 78, Issue 2 (May 2020)
Abstract
Background: Hepatic encephalopathy is defined as a neuropsychiatric brain dysfunction in acute or chronic liver failure. Infection and inflammation have crucial role in its pathophysiology. The purpose of our study was to demonstrate the relationship between toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and the encephalopathy induced with endotoxin in biliary cirrhotic rats.
Methods: The present study was conducted experimentally on male adult Wistar albino rats from May to January 2018 at the Pharmacology Department of Medical Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The animals were divided into two groups, cirrhotic vs sham-operated. Cirrhosis was induced by surgical ligation of the bile duct in male Wistar rats but in sham group the bile duct was not ligated during abdominal surgery (control). The animals in each group were divided to two subgroups that half of them were given intraperitoneally saline or low dose of endotoxin (0.1 mg/kg) on day 29. Then animal behavior study was done on the clinical sign of hepatic encephalopathy. Also, the histopathology of brain cortex and the expression of brain cortex toll-like receptor four protein were evaluated.
Results: Our results showed that endotoxin treatment decreased the patient's level of alertness and produced hepatic encephalopathy signs in cirrhotic rats and control groups. Cirrhosis increases toll-like receptor four expression in brain and acute endotoxin treatment increases toll-like receptor four expression in this group still more. It means that acute endotoxin treatment-induced clinical signs of acute encephalopathy in sham and cirrhotic rats and significant toll-like receptor four overexpression in cirrhotic animals. The histopathological assessment did not show a significant difference between the groups and did not show any changes after induction of cirrhosis and/or acute endotoxin treatment.
Conclusion: Cirrhosis and acute low dose endotoxin injection in cirrhotic rats induced hepatic encephalopathy signs that parallels with significant increased toll-like receptor 4 protein expression in brain cortex. Since the severity of the signs of encephalopathy was the same as intact animals, based on the definitions in pharmacology, in the cells of cirrhotic groups endotoxin tolerance has developed.

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