Showing 32 results for Morteza
Madani A, Ataei N, Esfahani St, Mortezavi Fs, Mohseni P,
Volume 60, Issue 2 (14 2002)
Abstract
Background: Cyclosporin A (CsA) is now commonly used in the management of children with steroid-dependent and steroid resistant nephoitic syndrome. It has been reported to be effective in maintaining remission in 70-100 percent of patients with SDNS but somewhat SRNS 0-100 percent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of long-term (CsA) in children with refractory nephrotic syndrome (RNS) and steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS).
Materials and Methods: The long-term effect of (CsA) in 91 Iranian children aged 3 months to 11 years (54 with RNS and 37 with SDNS) was assessed between 1984 and 1999. Eighty of 91 children received renal biopsy prior to introduction of (CsA), and the other 11 patients had not consent for kidney biopsy. If the patients did not show remission aftre receiving 3-6 months of (CsA), the medication was discontinued.
Results: All patient were treated with (CsA) in combination with low dose alternate day prednisolone. In children with RNS and SDNS, therapy with (CsA) induced, remission in 25 of 54 (46.2 percent) and 27 of 37 (73 percent) respectively (P<0.02). Of the 32 patients with minimal change disease (MCD), 23 (72 percent) responded to therapy, compared with 4 of 18 (22 percent) with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) (P<0.005). Twenty-four (48 percent) of 50 who entered complete remission, had relapse 1-12 months after cessation of (CsA). The duration between the onset of nephrotic syndrome (NS) and administration of (CsA) and sexuality of patients had no effect in result of treatment. Side effects occurred in 25 patients (27.4 percent). No patients exhibited raised transaminases, 8 (8.7 percent) of the children developed hirsutism, 7 (7.6 percent) hypertension, 7 (7.6 percent) gingival hyperplasia, (2.2 percent) neurological toxicity and 1 (1 percent) increase in serum creatinine.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that (CsA) can be used to induce a complete remission in a significant proportion of patients with RNS and SDNS, and patients with SDNS have areasonable potential for remission than children with RNS. Resistant to steroid and cyclophosphamid.
Aarabi M.u, Meraji M, Mortezaeian H,
Volume 65, Issue 4 (3 2007)
Abstract
Background: Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. The systolic and diastolic function in both ventricles is altered even after successful corrective surgery for this defect with a transannular patch. Pulmonary regurgitation, a common complication after this treatment, is usually well tolerated in childhood. The aim of this study was to assess the combined diastolic and systolic function of both ventricles using the Doppler-derived myocardial performance index (Tei index) in patients who underwent surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot using a transannular patch. In this article we discuss the impact of pulmonary regurgitation on right ventricular function and clinical outcome, the role of echocardiographic imaging, and current management strategies for patients with pulmonary regurgitation after this treatment.
Methods: Sixty eight patients with tetralogy Fallot were studied in Shahid Rajaie referral Cardiovascular Center during 2003-2005. The studied population, 36 male and 32 female with a mean age of 7.5±4 years and a history of corrective surgery for tetralogy of Fallot using a transannular patch. These patients were randomly selected and assessed by Doppler echocardiography.
Results: Fifty-seven patients (84%) had mild to moderate pulmonary regurgitation, whereas 11 patients (16%) had severe pulmonary regurgitation. Right ventricular Tei index was significantly increased in patients with severe pulmonary regurgitation compared those with mild to moderate pulmonary regurgitation (0.54±0.18 vs 0.24±0.11, P<0.01). Left ventricular Tei index was increased in patients with severe pulmonary regurgitation compared those with mild to moderate pulmonary regurgitation (0.46±0.22 vs 0.32±0.14, P<0.05).
Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that pulmonary regurgitation is a serious complication after repair of tetralogy of Fallot with a transannular patch. Delaying surgery in such patients risks irreversible ventricular function.
Zohreh Sanaat, Mahtab Rezazadeh, Jalil Vaez Gharamaleki, Jamal Eivazi Ziae, Ali Esfahani, Morteza Ghojazadeh,
Volume 67, Issue 12 (6 2010)
Abstract
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Background: Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell dyscrasia
characterized by proliferation of plasma cells in bone marrow associated with
the production of monoclonal immunoglobulins. In
recent years, the use of arsenic trioxide, formerly approved for treatment of
acute promyelocytic leukemia has been considered for refractory myeloma
treatment. This study was
designed and carried out to evaluate the efficacy and possible side effects of ATO
on patients with refractory multiple myeloma.
Methods: This study carried out on myeloma patients whose
diseases were at least refractory to two standard treatment regimens conducted
in Ghazi Tabatabaei
Hospital in Tabriz-
Iran. Arsenic
trioxide was administered as an intravenous infusion at a dose of 0.25
mg/kg/d for 5 d/week during the
first two consecutive weeks of each 4-week
cycle with two week rest. Patients who completed
one 4-weak cycle were evaluated for response to
treatment.
Results: Twelve patients with refractory disease to
conventional treatment regimens received arsenic trioxide. The
response to the treatment assessed based on the amount of serum proteins
electrophoresis of the 10 patients. Stable
disease observed in four patients (33%),
progressive disease in five patients (41.6%),
complete response in one (3.8%) and the
remaning two patients could not be assessed for response (because of increased
liver enzymes after the first week). One
patient completed six cycles. Some adverse events such
as: increase liver enzymes and serum creatinine, neutropenia, pruritus, nausea,
vomiting, lower extremities edema, and noninfectious diarrhea were observed.
Conclusions: The use of arsenic trioxide is promising in treatment of refractory multiple
myeloma.
Hamid Ghaderi, Kourosh Shamimi, Fereydoon Moazzami, Seyed Hasan Emami Razavi, Ali Aminian, Seyed Mehdi Jalali, Reza Afghani, Morteza Noaparast, Seyyed Habibollah Dashti, Saeed Safari, Alireza Ahmadvand, Seyede Adeleh Mirjafari Daryasari, Fatemeh Sadat Naeemie,
Volume 68, Issue 1 (4 2010)
Abstract
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MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
Background: Appendicitis is more common during the second
and third decade of life and appendectomy scar is important in terms of
cosmetic issues. The scar is an important factor in the patient's satisfaction.
Conventional teaching has an emphasis on the closure of skin incision with
"separate" sutures. The aim of this study was to reconsider this dogma.
Methods: Among 321 patients with acute
appendicitis who came to the emergency unit of Imam Khomeini Hospital in
Tehran, Iran since april 2007
till april 2008, 278 (86.6%) patients had
uncomplicated appendicitis and were enrolled in our clinical trial. The
patients were randomly assigned to two groups of interrupted suture closure (n=139) and subcuticular
suture closure (n=139). Anesthesia method and
surgical technique were similar between the two groups. All patients were
followed up post-operatively (four weeks) for the presence of infectious
drainage, pain, erythema, swelling and warmness at the surgical site.
Results: The patients' sex and
their mean age were not statistically different between the groups. There was
no significant difference in the frequency of surgical site complications between
the two groups (five cases in the "interrupted" group and eight cases in the
"subcuticular" group p=0.415).
Conclusion: This study showed that
appendectomy incision closure with subcuticular sutures did not increase the
risk of wound complications. From the point of better cosmetic outcome of
subcuticular sutures, this method may be the method of choice for the closure
of appendectomy incisions in uncomplicated appendicitis.
Mortezaeian Langroodi H, Rad Goodarzi M, Nakhostin Davari P, Shahmohammadi Aa, Mearaji Sm, Aarabi Moghadam My,
Volume 68, Issue 6 (6 2010)
Abstract
Background: Coarctation of aorta is narrowing of proximal descending aorta. Interventional procedures such as balloon angioplasty & stent implantation has been progressively in use as alternatives for surgery in increasing number of children with diagnosis of coarctation of aorta. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of endovascular stent in children with coarctation of aorta.
Methods: We evaluated effectiveness and safety of stenting in all patients younger than 18 years old with coarctation and re-coarctation of aorta which treated by stenting between years 2004-9 at rajaei - heart centre in Tehran, Iran.
Results: we studied 53 patients younger than 18 years old with a follow up of six months. Totally 54 stents were implanted. Mean (±SD) age of the patients was 11.6±4.2yrs. Seventeen cases (32%) were younger than 10 years old, and 36 cases (68%) were 10 years and older. Mean (±SD) weight was 39.24±18kg. 16 cases weighting less than 25kg. Peak systolic pressure gradient (SPG) decreased from 46.26±17.07 to 1.03±0.19mmHg after procedure (p<0.001). There was no significant difference (p<0.001) in the gradient before and after stenting in the patients with native coarctation (Vs re-coarctation cases), less than 25 kg and under 10 years old groups. Complications developed in 44% of cases while dominantly were minor except in two cases re-dilatation of stent was not needed during six month of follow-up of the patients.
Conclusions: Stenting of coarctation of aorta can decrease complications and can be used safely in children weighing bellow 25kg and in children below 10yrs old.
Reza Afghani , Ali Aminian , Seyed Rasoul Mirsharifi, Ali Jafarian , Hamid Ghaderi , Morteza Noaparast , Seyed Habibollah Dashti ,
Volume 68, Issue 8 (November 2010)
Abstract
Background: Gall stone is an important health problem in the world for which different risk factors have been characterized. Gall stone and cardiovascular disease have common risk factors. Homocysteine is accepted as one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. We aimed to study the effect of homocysteine level on gall stone formation.
Methods: 54 patients with gall stone-related diseases and 54 patients without stone (control group) were studied from January 2007 to December 2008. Control group consisted healthy subjects with ultrasound proven normal gallbladder. Serum homocysteine level was checked in both groups. Homocysteine level of equal or more than 15 mmol/l was considered as abnormally high.
Results: Cases included 43 women (79.6%) and had mean age of 50.76±15.23 years. Homocysteine level was significantly higher in patients with gallstone in comparison to control group (p=0.014). Risk of gall stone increased 3.4 times in persons who have homocysteine level equal or greater than 15mmol/l (p=0.019). The mean level of homocysteine was higher in men than women (p=0.03). The mean level of homocysteine did not differ significantly in patients with simple gallstone and patients with gallstone-related inflammation disorders (cholecystitis, cholangitis, and pancreatitis). Additionally, one unit increase in BMI level was associated with 1.12 times increase in the risk for gall stone formation (p=0.035).
Conclusion: The homocysteine level is increased in patients with gall stone-related diseases. Homocysteine may be considered as a risk factor of gall stone formation.
Shahmohammadi A, Mortezaian H, Alipour Mr,
Volume 69, Issue 5 (6 2011)
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, the treatment of choice for anatomical correction of transposition of great arteries is arterial switch but some children are not good candidates for this operation. In these cases atrial switch or Senning procedure is an accepted method, thus outcome of this procedure needs to be better delineated.
Methods: This prospective study included 65 patients that underwent Senning operation in Shahid Rajaee Hospital in Tehran, Iran from 2002 to 2009 and were followed-up for one year.
Results: The early and late mortality rates were 16.9% and 1.5%, respectively. 51.8% of early deaths were due to simple Senning procedure, 38.9% due to a Senning with the closure of ventricular septal defect, with or without the repair of pulmonary artery stenosis, 9.3% related to palliative Senning and one late death due to simple Senning. The most common arrhythmia was accelerated junctional rhythm (18.5%). 15% of cases had Senning pathway obstruction and 1.7% had baffle leaks. Regardless of the mortalities, three patients (5.7%) had significant tricuspid regurgitation. Right ventricular systolic dysfunction was found in 13.3% of the cases, primarily in Senning with ventricular septal defect closure (37.5%). One case (1.9%) had visible cyanosis and three (5.7%) had exertional dyspnea but 94.3% of cases remained in functional class I.
Conclusion: Since the majority of deaths following Senning procedure occur during the first month, especially on the second day post-operatively, assiduity during early post-operative period is crucial. Tricuspid regurgitation or right ventricular systolic dysfunction was not detected in most patients, suggesting optimistic prognosis for these patients.
Yousefi Ahmad, Hemmat Morteza, Gilvari Abbas, Shahmirzadi Tayebe,
Volume 70, Issue 3 (4 2012)
Abstract
Background: Currently, share of the scientific output, citation per paper, and co-authorship for articles indexed in databases such as ISI Web of Science, are very important criteria for the evaluation and ranking of countries, researchers, institutes, articles, disciplines and journals in the world. Therefore, the main objectives of the study were to determine co-authorship, the average citation per paper and the most prolific Iranian university or institution in the field of immunology.
Methods: For performing this scientometric study, we employed survey methods and citation analysis of the indexed papers in the ISI Web of Science from 1974 to 2010.
Results: A total of 1775 articles by Iranian authors in the field of immunology had been indexed in the database for the aforesaid period. Most collaborations and co-authorship of Iranian authors was with their counterparts from the USA. The average citation per paper in the field was 6.26 per paper. Tehran University of Medical Sciences had the highest number of articles in the database.
Conclusion: According to the results, Iranians collaborated with American peers more than any other nationality andthe average citation per paper in the field of immunology is higher than that of other fields in Iran but lower than the global average. Tehran University of Medical Sciences is the most prolific university in the field.
Morteza Noaparast , Seyyed Faramarrz Karimian , Seyyed Rasul Mirsharifi , Abbas Rabbani , Farnoosh Vaezi ,
Volume 71, Issue 4 (July 2013)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was evaluation of risk factors of peripheral artery disease (PAD) and effective markers on it.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was done during 2010-2011 in the surgical units of Khorramabad Shohada Hospital. Fifty patients who had symptoms of PAD undergoing CT angiography and biochemical markers for them were measured. The investigated variables were family history, site of arterial obstruction, underlying diseases, smoking history, physical activity and stress level. A control group was considered for the study. The comparison was made between these two groups.
Results: Aging showed a significant role in prediction of PAD (70% sensitivity and 64% specificity). Homocysteine had the highest sensitivity (80%) in prediction of PAD, compared with other biomarkers. CRP (74% sensitivity) was the best marker that had positive predictive value for PAD. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) showed a significant role in prediction of true positive cases of PAD (72% sensitivity and 74% specificity). HbA1C with 68% sensitivity and 64% specificity and TG with 50% sensitivity and 44% specificity could be considered as factors related with PAD.
Conclusion: The levels of C-Reacative protein, homocysteine, and FBS were correlated with PAD, HbA1C and TG levels were associated with PAD, but lower than the previously named markers. In this study a significant relationship between lipoprotein levels and PAD was also observed. PAD was associated with sex and age.
Mehdi Amini , Mehrdad Roghani , Peymaneh Shirinbayan , Mohammad Taghi Joghataei , Ali Farhoudian , Mohsen Roshanpajouh , Morteza Koruji ,
Volume 71, Issue 5 (August 2013)
Abstract
Background: Infertility is one of the most serious social problems. Illicit drug use can be an important cause of male factor infertility. Kerack which its use is rising up in Iran refers to a high purity street-level heroin (heroin Kerack). Heroin Kerack used in Iran is an opioid and has harmful effects on body organs. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Kerack used in Iran on fertility adult mice.
Methods: In this study, 25 male mice were divided into five groups (control, sham and three experimental). Experimental groups of Kerack-dependent mice (received ascend-ing dose of Kerack for seven days) were divided into three categories, experimental I, II and III. Experimental I was given Kerack at a dose of 5 mg/kg, experimental II 35 mg/kg and experimental III 70 mg/kg, intraperitoneally twice a day for a period of 35 days. The sham group received normal saline and lemon juice (2.6 µl/ml) whilst the control group just received water and food. Mice were then scarified and sperm removed from cauda epididymis were analyzed for sperm count, motility, morphology (normal/abnormal) and viability. Testes were also removed, weighed and processed for light microscopic studies.
Results: The results showed that fertility were significantly decreased in addicted mice compared with control groups (P≤0.05). Epididymal sperm parameters and thickness of seminiferous epithelium were significantly decreased in experimental groups (dose-dependent) compared with sham and control groups (P≤0.05). Gonadosomatic index was significantly reduced with high dose Kerack injected (70 mg/kg) in comparison with control testes (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: This study has shown the deleterious effects of Kerack used in addicted Iranian people on fertility for the first time. This effect is especially on epididymal sperm parameters in adult mice.
Seyyed Morteza Bagheri , Mohammadhadi Gharib ,
Volume 71, Issue 7 (October 2013)
Abstract
Background: Arterial insufficiency is a well-recognized etiology of erectile dysfunction. Moreover, nowadays it is appreciated that it can herald silent coronary artery disease in involved patients. However color Doppler study of penis with intracavernosal injection (ICI) of Papaverin, as a helpful diagnostic study, is somehow time consuming and technically demanding, as a result, radiologists are reluctant to accomplish. Hence, in a search for more plausible parameters, we were determined to validate PSV in flaccid state for predicting possible arterial insufficiency in patients.
Methods: In a cross sectional study to evaluate diagnostic tests, accomplished in Hasheminejad Urology center in Tehran throughout 2011, we studied 59 patients with the complaint of erectile dysfunction. They were referred to our ultrasound clinics by urologists in order to undergo color Doppler study of penis by ICI of Papaverin. They were studied comprehensively before and after injection. Primary and secondary diagnostic criteria of arterial disease in color Doppler and consequently the physiologic event of full erection were designated as gold standard diagnostic considerations. The resulted data were matched and analyzed with SPSS software.
Results: Fifty nine patients underwent the study, with the mean age of 45.6 ± 13.1 (24 to 74 year old). Twenty two cases revealed normal study (non-organic causes as 37.3%), 29 were classified as venous leakage, and eight of them demonstrate arterial insufficiency in the study. A flaccid state PSV of 10.5 cm/s as cut off had a sensitivity of 93.8%, specifity of 91.3% and negative predictive value of 93.8% to predict arterial disease.
Conclusion: A flaccid state PSV of 10.5 has a suitable statistical value to proclaim arterial insufficiency in cavernosal arteries in patients with erectile dysfunction as a complaint.
Soraya Emamgholizadeh Minaei, Hossein Mozdarani , Seyed Mahmoud Reza Aghamiri , Morteza Motazakker , Mohsen Mansouri ,
Volume 72, Issue 8 (November 2014)
Abstract
Background: Radiotherapy can cause DNA damage in normal cells, misrepaired or unrepaired double strand breaks in DNA lead to chromosomal breaks. As a result patient experience early and late effects in normal tissue during and after radiotherapy. Cytogenetic techniques can be used as a cancer predictive assay because there is an association between chromosome abnormalities and the risk of developing cancer. Also it can assess patient's complications during the therapy. The aim of the present study was evaluation of the cytogenetic alteration in peripheral blood lymphocytes of esophageal cancer patients treated with radiotherapy.
Methods: The present study is an experimental and prospective research. It was done at radiotherapy department at Omid Center in Urmia from January to December 2012. Blood samples were obtained from 15 esophageal cancer patients, before (0 Gy), during (21.6 Gy), and after radiotherapy treatment (43.2 Gy). Blood samples were cultured in RPMI-1640 complete medium containing 1% phytohaemagglutinin and incubated in a CO2 incubator. Cytochalasin-B was added to the cultures at a final concentration of 5 µg/ml. Finally, harvesting, slide making, and analysis were performed according to standard procedures.
Results: This study consisted of 15 patients, including 7 men and 8 women from 55 to 84 years old (70.07±11.548). Results indicate that, in the middle of treatment the average frequency of micronuclei increased significantly compared with their concurrent pre-treatment samples (greater than four-fold). Also, an increase in chromosome damage (MN frequency) proportional increasing radiation doses at the end of treatment was observed (P=0.001).
Conclusion: Increasing in the MN frequency in the second and third stages is due to radiation effects. Thus, the use of the MN technique for assessing of the side effects in patients during the therapy is very helpful. Moreover, MN assay can be used as a predictive assay for detecting individuals (patient or healthy) with intrinsic radiosensitivity.
Batool Mottaghi , Reza Safaralizadeh , Morteza Jabbarpour Bonyadi, Saeid Latifi-Navid, Mohammad Hossien Somi, Majid Mahdavi ,
Volume 72, Issue 9 (December 2014)
Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori vacA (vacuolating toxin A) gene is comprised of mid- (m), intermediate- (i) and signal-regions. Recently, the vacA-i region genotype has been suggested to be a better predictor of disease severity than either the s- or m-region. The main aim of the present study was to determine the associations of i region poly-morphisms of vacA gene with gastric cancer (GC) and peptic ulcer disease (PUD) in Azerbaijan Province patients.
Methods: A number of 89 patients were enrolled. The biopsy samples were taken from patients referring to the endoscopy units of Imam Reza and Shahid Madani Hospitals, Tabriz, Iran from August 2012 to May 2013. The genotype frequencies of vacA-i1 and i2 in were studied using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results: The frequency of vacA-i1 and i2 was 51.68% and 48.31%, respectively. The genotypic frequency of vacA-i1 in patients with GC (21/24, 87.5%) was significantly higher than in those with non-atrophic gastritis, NAG (19/48, 39.58%). In contrast, the genotypic frequency of vacA-i2 in patients with NAG, PUD, and GC was 60.42%, 64.70%, and 14.28%, respectively. The results of multiple linear and logistic regression analyses confirmed the intensity of correlation of vacA-i1 allele with GC compared with control group (NAG). No significant correlation was found between the vacA-i-region alleles and PUD risk.
Conclusion: We have proposed that the H. pylori vacA-i1 genotype could be an im-portant biomarker for predicting the gastric cancer risk in Azerbaijan Province in Iran. However, due to the difference in the allelic frequency of this gene in H. pylori strains from different parts of the world, the vacA-i1 genotype usefulness in predicting the gas-trointestinal diseases is dependent to the geographic origin of the strains.
Mahdiye Bazmi, Mitra Haghayeghi , Roya Lari , Nasser Mahdavi Shahri , Morteza Behnam Rasouli,
Volume 73, Issue 4 (July 2015)
Abstract
Background: Bone is a hard and dynamic tissue, which continually undergoes remodeling process. Longitudinal growth of bone is mediated by growth plate that is a cartilage structure at the end of long bones. During puberty, along with the closure (ossification) of growth plate, the longitudinal growth of bone will stop. Diazinon is one of the widely used organophosphorus pesticides that have been known to cause damage to the cells and tissues of the body by enhancing oxidative stress. Due to the dynamism and active process, bone and growth plate tissues are suitable models to investigate the effect of diazinon on bone development and bone growth. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of diazinon on the epiphyseal growth plate width (including the proliferating cells zone and hypertrophy cells zone) of immature rat.
Methods: This is an experimental study. This study was performed on 12 immature male in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in May 2014, Wistar rats that randomly divided into 2 groups: control group and diazinon group. All treatments were done by oral gavage during 28 days. The animals were sacrificed on day 28 and left femur bones were removed for histomorphometric studies of epiphyseal growth plate width. Assessments were done by ImageJ software, version 1.40g (Wayne Rasband, NIH, USA) and the significance of the results were performed by ANOVA analysis and Tukey’s test.
Results: Epiphyseal growth plate width of diazinon group was significantly reduced (P=0.0126) in compared to control group. This reduction was associated with reduced of width of the proliferating zone (P=0.0001) and increased width of the hypertrophy zone (P=0.0166).
Conclusion: Diazinon leads to reduction in the Epiphyseal growth plate width of immature male rats. Therefore it could be a factor in the impairment of bone longitudinal growth and premature closure of the growth plate.
Morteza Arab Zozani , Seyyed Alireza Hosseini , Ali Akbari Sari , Mitra Mahdavi-Mazdeh, Seyyed Reza Majdzadeh , Ashraf Velayati ,
Volume 73, Issue 5 (August 2015)
Abstract
Background: Everolimus is an immunosuppressive agent with a novel mode of action but has a different clinical role with calcineurin inhibitors (CNI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of everolimus compared with sirolimus and tacrolimus in preventing kidney transplantation rejection.
Methods: Search was conducted for finding randomized clinical trials (RCT) until the end of 2013 in main databases include Cochrane, Medline and other related databases in February 2014. To find the ongoing trials two databases were searched (Clinicaltrial.gov and irct.ir/fa/). Two independent reviewers checked studies for quality and eligibility and finally extracted the data. Data extraction was performed using Cochrane data extraction form for clinical trial. Discrepancies were resolved via consultation with third person. The studies examined in term of heterogeneity with I2 and Chi-square test. The mata-analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.2 (Wintertree Software Inc, Ontario, Canada) when there was homogeneity.
Results: Finally, seven reports from six RCTs included in this study. All reports were in english language and total numbers of participant in these studies were 824. No studies were found in comparison of everolimus and sirolimus and all seven reports were combination of everolimus, tacrolimus and other relative drugs. Follow up time of studies were different from 6 to 36 months. Due to the heterogeneity of included studies, only two studies were entered into meta-analysis. The recorded mean values for glomerular filtration rate, serum creatinine and creatinine clearance were between 60-80 ml/min, 50 to 80 ml/min and 1.2 to 1.9 mg/dl respectively. The results of meta-analysis in three outcomes include serum creatinine, creatinine clearance and glomerular filtration rate were significantly in favor of low dose tacrolimus plus everolimus.
Conclusion: In general, everolimus showed better results in combination with tacrolimus. Given the available evidence in this study, everolimus in combination with low dose tacrolimus showed better safety and effectiveness in preventing kidney transplantation rejection.
Soheila Hosseinzadeh , Maryam Zahmatkesh , Gholam-Reza Hassanzadeh Hassanzadeh , Morteza Karimian , Mansour Heidari , Mahmoud Karami ,
Volume 73, Issue 8 (November 2015)
Abstract
Background: Seladin-1 protein protects the neural cells against amyloid beta toxicity and its expression decreased in vulnerable regions of Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains. On the other hand, changes in serum levels of S100 have been considered as a marker of brain damage in neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, this study was carried out to determine the relation between the change profile of serum S100&beta protein levels and hippocampal Seladin-1 gene expression in a rat model of sporadic AD. Methods: In this experimental study that established in Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, from March 2011 to April 2013, 72 animals were randomly divided into control, 4, 7, 14, and 21days ICV-STZ/Saline administrated rats. Alzheimer's model was induced by intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of streptozotocin (STZ) [3 mg/kg] on days 1 and 3. Serum levels of S100&beta and hippocampal Seladin-1 gene expression were evalu-ated in experimental groups. The initial and step-through latencies (STL) were deter-mined using passive avoidance test. Results: Serum levels of S100&beta were significantly different between the STZ-7 day and STZ-14 day groups in comparison with the control, saline and STZ-4 day groups. As well as, there was a significant difference between the STZ-7 day group in comparison with the STZ-14 day and STZ-21 day groups (P=0.0001). Hippocampal Seladin-1 gene expression in STZ-14 day and STZ-21 day groups significantly decreased as compared to the control, saline and STZ-4 day groups (P=0.0001). However, significant correla-tion was detected between serum S100&beta protein decrement and Seladin-1 down regula-tion (P=0.001). Also, the STL was significantly decreased in 21 days ICV-STZ adminis-trated rats as compared to the control or saline groups (P=0.001). Conclusion: Monitoring the changes of serum S100&beta protein levels by relationship with changes in hippocampal Seladin-1 gene expression can be a useful indicator of neu-ronal damage in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
Maryam Khanehzad , Farid Abolhasani , Seyed Morteza Koruji , Iraj Ragerdi Kashani , Fereshteh Aliakbari ,
Volume 73, Issue 12 (March 2016)
Abstract
Background: Spermatogenesis is a complex and highly organized process of proliferation and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells. Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) as a unique stem cell have the potential to self-renewal, differentiation and transmit genetic information to the next generation and play a vital role in maintaining fertility. Sertoli cells as the only somatic cells within the seminiferous epithelium play central roles in the formation of niche and balance between self-renewal and differentiation by secrete many growth factors. Given the importance and widespread use of SSCs, particularly in the treatment of infertility, the aim of this study was to create an optimal environment for the proliferation of SSCs. So we decided to study of undifferentiated (ID4) and differentiated (c-Kit) gene expression in SSCs followed by co-culture with Sertoli cells for a one-month.
Methods: This experimental study was conducted from November 2013 to December 2014 in Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, on immature NMRI mouse (6-3 days old). Initially, Sertoli cells and SSCs were isolated from neonates mouse testes during the two-step enzymatic digestion characteristics Sertoli cells with vimentin marker and SSCs with promyelocytic leukemia zinc-finger (PLZF) marker were confirmed. Then SSCs were cultured in two groups: co-culture with Sertoli and without co-culture (control). Undifferentiated (ID4) and differentiation (c-Kit) gene expression were evaluated by Real-time PCR technique.
Results: Spermatogonial stem cells purity was obtained 66.91% by flow cytometry. The relative expression levels of gene ID4 in co-culture group at the end of each week, compared to the control group showed a significant increase (P<0.05). While the expression of this gene significantly decreased in each group over time (P<0.05). The results of the comparison of the relative expression of c-Kit gene in co-culture group are indicated significant decrease than the control group at the end of each week (P<0.05). In addition, this gene expression was showed significant increase in each group individually over time (P<0.05) ID4 gene expression showed a significant (P<0.05) increase toward the control group, while in the expression of c-Kit was observed a significant (P<0.05) decrease compared with the control group at the end of each week.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, co-culture with Sertoli cells maintains SSCs in the prolifration stage for long-term, so can be used to optimize the culture medium at the clinic.
Parvin Bastani , Sakineh Hajebrahimi , Fariba Ghaderi , Zahra Vakilazad , Morteza Ghojazadeh ,
Volume 74, Issue 7 (October 2016)
Abstract
Background: Dyspareunia is a pain that is occurs in the genital area before, during or after intercourse and is an important factor for sexual dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pelvic floor physical therapy on sexual function and muscle strength and endurance of pelvic floor (as a non-invasive therapy) in women with dyspareunia.
Methods: In this clinical trial study, 32 women in the age range of 20-50-year-old and sexually active with complaints of dyspareunia, before the investigation were examined in terms of genital health and strength and endurance of the pelvic floor muscles. After the confidence of mental health, patients underwent pelvic floor rehabilitation for 10 sessions during 3 months. After assessment, myofascial release techniques and progressive pelvic floor muscles exercise was performed for patients based on their primary strength. Finally, patients were compared in terms of the severity of dyspareunia, sexual performance status (by using female sexual function index questionnaire), improvement of symptoms, pelvic floor muscle strength and endurance before (first session of physiotherapy) and after (after 3 months) investigation.
Results: In the remaining 32 patients with dyspareunia with a mean age of 38±1.24 years, desire index score 0.95 unit, arousal index score 1.01 unit, lubrication index score 0.67 unit, orgasm index score 0.71 unit, satisfaction index score 1.03 unit, pain index score was increased 1.05 unit, strength index score 2.44 unit, endurance index score 7.06 unit were increased in comparison to before the investigation that showed a significant different with P< 0.0001.
Conclusion: According to obtained results, pelvic floor physical therapy had a significant effect in women with dyspareunia. So that the severity of dyspareunia, pelvic floor muscle strength and endurance had clinically significant improvement after pelvic floor physiotherapy.
Mahshid Hatami , Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari , Morteza Abdollahi , Marjan Ajami , Yasaman Jamshidinaeini , Sayed Hossein Davoodi ,
Volume 75, Issue 1 (April 2017)
Abstract
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Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among females in the world. Identifying the nutrients that modify the risk of the disease is one of the key strategies for improving the quality of life and reducing treatment costs. Epidemiological studies support the role of macronutrients and vitamins involved in one carbon metabolism in the etiology of the disease. This study aimed in investigation of the relationship between the intake of macronutrients and vitamins involved in one carbon metabolism with breast cancer risk.
Methods: This case-control hospital base study was conducted at Shohada Hospital, Tehran from April to February 2015. Demographic data, physical activity level and nutrients’ intake from diet and supplements were collected through interview from 151 cases and 154 controls. Dietary intake was assessed by a valid and reliable 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Then intake of macronutrients and B vitamins was assessed by Nutritionist 4 software (First Databank Inc., CA, USA). Comparing categorical variables between the two groups was done by Chi-squared test and the relationship between intake of studied nutrients and risk of breast cancer was determined using logistic regression test.
Results: There were no difference in age, menarche age, menopause age, body mass index (BMI), number of live births between two groups. But the difference in physical activity, energy intake, marital status, educational level, occupation, oral contraceptives use was significant (P< 0.001). After modifying the effects of confounding variables, the risk of breast cancer was significantly lower in the highest intake quartile category relative to the lowest quartile category for total protein, total fiber, intake of vitamins B2, B6, B12 and folate (Ptrend< 0.001). Before modifying the effects of confounding variables, the risk of breast cancer was significantly higher in the highest intake quartile category relative to the lowest quartile category for carbohydrate and fat; but after modifying the effects of confounding variables, results were not significant.
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Conclusion: The results showed that high intake of protein, fiber, vitamins B2, B6, B12 and folate are associated with lower risk of breast cancer.
Behrooz Ataei , Morteza Pourahmad , Ali Fotoohi , Katayoun Tayeri , Majid Yaran ,
Volume 75, Issue 11 (February 2018)
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is from Hepeviridae family and genus Hepevirus. This virus is in 4 genotypes. These 4 genotypes are classified in 2 classes. In first class there are genotypes 1 and 2 which are specific for human. Genotypes 1 and 2 are not developed to chronic hepatitis is spite to genotypes 3 and 4 which may develop to chronic hepatitis in immunocompromised patients. It should say that in middle east genotypes 3 and 4 are not frequent. One of the immunodeficiency syndrome is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in which in the late phases of the disease the power of the immunity will be severely decreased in the patients. Therefore, in patients with HIV infection, HEV (specially genotypes 3 and 4) may be a problem and it may progress to a chronic viral hepatitis which may lead to liver failure. Therefore, it may need treatment and prophylactic strategies in some areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of HEV infection in HIV patients by molecular assay.
Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 111 random selected, known HIV infection patients in 2016 in Isfahan, Iran. This study was done under supervision of Immunodeficiency Research Center of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The criteria for enrolling in the study, was positivity of HIV infection, and samples were selected from all known HIV infected patients in Isfahan. After blood sampling from the selected patients, HEV RNA was surveyed by RealStar® HEV RT-PCR Kit 1.0 (Altona Diagnostics, Hamburg, Germany). At the end, after isolation of HEV RNA, the cDNA was prepared and evaluated.
Results: Patients were between 5 to 68 years old and mean of the patients age was 38.5±11.5 years. 75 (67.6%) and 36 (32.4%) of the patients were men and women respectively. Mean count of the CD4 cells in these patients was 317.2±187.8. HBsAg and HCVAb was positive in 6 (5.4%) and 39 (35.1%) of them. No one of the studied patients were positive for HEV infection.
Conclusion: On the results of this study, there is no chance for having hepatitis E infection in Iranian HIV patients. Therefore, it seems that, hepatitis E is not an important problem in this group of patients in Iran.
