Mohadeseh Heidari, Avideh Maboudi, Sepideh Motevali , Farhad Sobouti, Mahmood Moosazadeh,
Volume 76, Issue 11 (February 2019)
Abstract
Background: Although the treatment of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is very difficult, it can be prevented. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and practice of oral and maxillofacial surgeons in the treatment of bisphosphonates user patients.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out by census sampling of oral and maxillofacial surgeons in Tehran, Iran from March to June 2016. The employed instrument was a questionnaire including 4 sections. The first section was to collect the demographic information of the participants. In the second part including 7 questions, the knowledge of the participants was measured. The third section with 6 questions was to assess the participants’ practice in the treatment of patients using bisphosphates. Finally, the last sections contained 4 questions. The content validity of the questionnaire was evaluated by 5 specialists in the field (two oral and maxillofacial surgeons, two periodontists, and one endodontist). To assess the reliability of the questionnaire, it was given twice with a 10-day interval to 10 of target group members. The calculation of Spearman-Brown formula revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.79.
Results: In the treatment of BRONJ, most subjects responded to risk, 1 and 2 stages patient education and symptom relief. Treatment with antibiotics and debridement surgery was chosen for patients with higher stages. From 123 oral and maxillofacial surgeons, 102 answered the questionnaires. 77.2% of the surgeons answered correctly to questions about implant insertion. This percentage was higher than other therapeutic procedures.
Conclusion: The knowledge of oral and maxillofacial surgeons as final line of referral and treatment of patients using bisphosphonates should be increased.
Tahereh Motevalizadeh, Fatemeh Rezaei, Khosro Sadegh Niat Haghighi , Mohammad Ali Sepahvandi ,
Volume 81, Issue 3 (June 2023)
Abstract
Background: Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder that is associated with cortical hyperexcitability. Potentially transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) modifies the cortical state related to insomnia. Therefore, we hypothesized that by using tDCS the intensity of insomnia can be reduced, followed by improvement of the mood symptoms.
Methods: This study was an experimental design with a pre-test and post-test with a control group. The statistical sample included 32 females with chronic insomnia that were randomly divided into an experimental group (active stimulation) and a control group (sham stimulation). Transcranial direct current with an intensity of 2 mA was applied for 30 minutes during 12 sessions (three times in the week) in the active stimulation group. In this protocol, anodal stimulation of left Superior temporal gyrus (STG) and cathodal stimulation of right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and left secondary motor cortex (SMA). In the control group, sham stimulation was performed for 30 minutes during 12 sessions (three times in the week). The participants were evaluated before and after of the intervention using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS).
Results: The findings of this research showed that the application of transcranial direct current stimulation was effective in reducing the severity of insomnia and improving positive and negative affect (P<0.001, F=19.87). The value of this effect (eta2) in the severity of insomnia, negative mood and positive mood is 0.64, 0.34 and 0.6 respectively.
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the implementation of our designed tDCS protocol for the treatment of insomnia, significantly reduced the intensity of insomnia in women with chronic insomnia and improved their mood symptoms. |
