Batoolalsadat Mousavi Fard, Leila Zeidabadi Nejad, Sedigheh Pourastarabadi , Maryam Dehestani ,
Volume 73, Issue 2 (May 2015)
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate interaction between vanillin and alpha-, beta- and gamma-cyclodextrin carriers for targeted drug delivery and compare the performance between them using theoretical methods.
Methods: All theoretical calculations were performed on a Intel® Core™ i5 Processors computer at Kerman University using Gaussian 09 program package (Gaussian, Inc., Wallingford, USA) in a three month period (February 2014 to May 2014). Starting geometries were generated employing GaussView software, version 5 (Gaussian, Inc., Wallingford, USA) and then the resulting coordinates were optimized using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The natural bond orbital method (NBO program, under Gaussian 09 program package) was carried out to study charge transfer energy associated with the intermolecular interactions. The quantum theory of atoms in molecules was applied for DFT results to get insight in the nature of interaction existing in the investigated systems. The calculations were carried out with AIM2000 program and AIMAll 14.10.27 package (Todd A. Keith, TK Gristmill software, Overland Park KS, USA) to find and characterize bond critical points.
Results: The vanillin molecule is adsorbed on the surface of carriers by hydrogen bonding between its oxygen atom and hydrogen atoms of cyclodextrin. The hydrogen of -OH group on the cyclodextrin can form hydrogen bond to the oxygen atom of carbonyl group of vanillin molecule. This study indicates a decrease of total energy with increasing surface of cyclodextrin. So gamma-cyclodextrin and its complex with the maximum surface in between carriers have the highest stabilities. The gamma-cyclodextrin shows the strongest interaction with vanillin. In all complexes of vanillin-cyclodextrin, the direction of charge transfer is from drug to carrier.
Conclusion: Due to the high solubility of gamma-cyclodxtrin and its stronger interaction with the molecule vanillin, it can be the best option as drug carrier.
Batoolalsadat Mousavi Fard , Samaneh Sadeghi, Mehrdad Shahsavaripour,
Volume 80, Issue 9 (December 2022)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this article was comparing the clinical effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in reducing relapse.
Methods: In this clinical trial study 14 patients (11 females and three males) who were under non-extraction treatment (MBT 022 slot) and at the finishing stage of orthodontic treatment at Orthodontics Department of Kerman Dental Faculty from April 2016 to June 2017 participated. Treatment time was two year and the patients at the finishing stage of orthodontic treatment were divided into two groups (RCT code IRCT2017053034061N1). Group 1 (study) were treated with a low-level Gallium aluminum-arsenide diode laser and group 2: control. The exclusion criteria involved patients who consumed medicine that interrupted bone metabolism and those with conditions for which laser therapy could be contraindicated. The laser apparatus emitted a wavelength of 810 nm about 50 seconds and operated with maximum power of 200 MW in continuous wave mode (200 mW, 50 seconds radiation to mesiolingual, mesiobuccal, distolingual and distobuccal surfaces, 35.7 J/cm2). An alginate impression was made from maxillary arch for all patients immediately, four, five and six months after removing the orthodontic archwire and braces and study casts were prepared. The little irregularity index of anterior maxillary arch was measured on the dental casts, with a 0.01 mm precision digital caliper. Intergroup comparisons were performed with Student's t-test and repeated measure ANOVA was perform to compare measurements among groups in different times. The significance level was considered at P<0.05.
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Results: There was significant difference among the irregularity index at five and six months after orthodontic treatment between two groups (P<0.05). In the control group except between five and six months after treatment, there was significant difference in irregularity index. The relapse was higher immediately and after four months in the laser group compared to other sequences (P=0.0001).
Conclusion: Sample showed that Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a non invasive method for reducing relapse after orthodontic treatment.
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