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Showing 20 results for Parviz
Effect of cholestasis on Bromocriptine-induced yawning
M Parviz , Sm Karimian , A Dehpour , M Keshvarz ,
Volume 56, Issue 5 (6 1998)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was investigation of effect of cholestasis on bromocriptine-induced yawning in male rats. Bromocriptine, the agonist of dopamine receptors (especially "D2"), causes yawning in male intact rats. In the present study, cholestasis was produced in male rats by surgery and ligation of common bile duct. The number of yawning induced by intraperitoneal injection of bromocriptine (11 mg/kg) was compared in cholestatic rats with sham operated and control groups. Immediately after injection of the drug and putting animals on the frame of behavioral study, the number of yawning was determined in a period of one hour. Obtained results, indicated significant difference in the number of bromocriptine-induced yawning between cholestatic rats and the other two groups. There wasn't significant difference between sham and control rats. These results indicate that some changes occur in cholestatic rats which increase sensitivity and response of dopamine receptors. Since it is proved that dopamine agonist-induced yawning is mediated via nitric oxide, and also level of nitric oxide is increased in cholestasis, it can be supposed that the mentioned response may be due to elevated level of nitric oxide. On the other hand, increased number of yawning in cholestatic rats may be due to increased level of endogenous opioids in these animals.
The effect of Dopamine receptor agonists on twich response of Guinea-pig ileum longitudinal muscle and its relation to Nitric Oxide
M Keshavarz , Sm Karimian , A Dehpoor , M Parviz ,
Volume 56, Issue 6 (9 1998)
Abstract
In this study the effects of bromocriptine and apomorphine (dopamine receptor agonists) on electrical field induced twitch response of longitudinal muscle of guinea-pig illeum was investigated. Bromocriptine and apomorphine dose dependently inhibited illeal contraction. IC50 for this inhibitory effects were 6.22±0.645×10^-7 M and 5.48±0.647×10^-6 M, respectively. sulpiride (a specific D2 dopamine receptor antagonist) with concentration of 10^-5 M inhibited the effects of these agonists. Yohimbine (an ?2 adrenergic receptor antagonist) only blocked the inhibitory effect of bromocriptine but failed to block apomorphine inhibitory effects. L-NAME (nitric oxide synthetase inhibitor) with concentration of 10^-3 M blocked the effects of bromocriptine and apomorphine. These data suggest that there is inhibitory presynaptic dopamine receptors in cholinergic terminals of guinea-pig ileum and its function is related to formation of nitric oxide.
S.h Mirkhani, M.r Mohammad Hasani, M Sanatkhar, R Parvizi, M Radpoor, J Zamni,
Volume 63, Issue 3 (12 2005)
Abstract

Oral magnesium sulfate in prevention of diabetic neuropathy in mice
M. Keshavarz, P. Hasanain, M. Parviz, M. Mansoori, N. Soltani, N. Mirazi,
Volume 64, Issue 6 (3 2006)
Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that is associated with numerous complications like peripheral neuropathies. It has been shown that hyperglycemia may contribute to its development but the exact pathophysiology underlying this complication has not been fully understood. Since it has been suggested that oral magnesium supplementation can prevent hyperglycemia induced by diabetes, this study was designed to examine the protective effect of oral magnesium administration on thermal hyperalgesia in streptozocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats.

Methods: Male adult wistar rats were divided equally into control, magnesium-treated control, diabetic and magnesium-treated diabetic groups. In magnesium-treated diabetic rats, magnesium sulfate (10 gr/L) was added into drinking water since diabetes was established (10 days after STZ injection) and continued for 8 weeks. Mg-treated control animals received magnesium sulfate in the same dose and time period. The other two groups control and diabetic animals, only received tap water.

Results: A significant decrease in thermal pain threshold and plasma magnesium levels and also a dramatic increase in plasma glucose levels were seen in diabetic rats eight weeks after diabetes induction. Eight weeks magnesium therapy after the diagnosis of diabetes, could prevent reduction in thermal pain threshold and also restore plasma magnesium and glucose levels in magnesium-treated diabetic animals.

Conclusion: Oral magnesium can prevent hypomagnesaemia, hyperglycemia and thermal hyperalgesia in diabetic rats.


Surgical Manifestations of Paget’s Disease (review article)
Parvizi J,
Volume 64, Issue 8 (13 2006)
Abstract
Paget’s disease is a chronic non-metabolic bone disorder that is characterized by increased bone resorption, bone formation and remodeling. This unbalanced process may lead to osseous deformities, structural weakness and altered joint biomechanics all of which can make surgical reconstruction difficult. Although few patients with Paget’s disease ever require surgical treatment, successful surgical management of severe orthopaedic complications has improved the quality of life for these patients. Surgical options include osteotomy to restore long bone deformity and arthroplasty to correct altered joint mechanics. Patients are at increased risk for surgical complication such as blood loss and heterotopic bone formation. Issues relating to the surgical management of patients with Paget’s disease such as appropriate preoperative diagnosis, technical challenges of surgery, and strategies to improve the long-term outcome of surgical intervention are discussed.
Prevention of cognitive impairment in diabetic rats with oral magnesium sulfate
Mansoori M, Parviz M, Keshavarz M, Soltani N, Gharibzadeh Sh,
Volume 65, Issue 13 (Vol 65, Supplement 1 2008)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder accompanied with structural and functional changes in central and peripheral nervous system. Researches showed, memory disturbance were occurred in the course of diabetes. On the other hand, magnesium deficit has been described in diabetic patients. Some researches were showed that, appropriate magnesium supplementation can play a positive role in diabetic control.
Methods: Locally produced male rats were used. Diabetes was induced with intravenous injection of 40 mg/kg streptozotosin. In treatment groups, the animals were received magnesium sulfate via drinking water (10 g/l). Eight weeks after diabetes confirmation, the animals were assessed on Morris Water Maze.
Results: A significant decrease in time of platform finding (latency) and distance of swimming in all four experimental days were seen in all groups. Mean latency in diabetic group was significantly higher than the other. This weak response was almost completely prevented by magnesium sulfate administration.
Conclusion: It seems that after eight weeks magnesium sulfate administration (10g/l), spatial memory of the animals was improved in comparison to diabetic group that can suggest role of magnesium in recovery of diabetic animal memory.
Differential diagnosis of fibromatosis and fibrosarcoma with histopathologic characteristics and IHC markers
Parviz Deyhimi , Mahmoud Reza Arefian , Parvin Mahzooni ,
Volume 72, Issue 10 (January 2015)
Abstract
Background: Fibromatosis includes a variety of fibroblastic proliferation whose biological trend and histopathological patterns are at intermediate level between benign fibroblastic lesions and fibrosarcoma. Accordingly, because of overlapping of histopathologic features of fibrosarcoma, particularly low-grade type, with fibromatosis, the present study was conducted to find more precise criteria for histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) differentiation of these lesions. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive analytical study, a total of 40 specimens from pathology department archives in hospitals of Isfahan and Tehran universities from 2003 to 2013, including 20 fibrosarcoma and 20 fibromatosis biopsies, were selected. First, histopathologic characteristics were identified using H&E slides and an optical microscope H&E slides and then they were stained through immunohistochemical staining technique using the EnVision for markers Ki-67 and β-catenin. Afterward the samples were examined by optical microscope and positively stained cells were counted. Results: There was no significant difference between fibromatosis and fibrosarcoma in terms of a mean age (P=0.063), distribution of gender frequency (P=0.197), necrotic rate (P=0.602), clarity of nucleolus (P=0.799) and SID mean of β-catenin marker (0.369). However, it was seen a meaningful difference between fibromatosis and fibrosarcoma in terms of frequency distribution (P=0.017), rate of mitotic figures (P<0.001), rate of herring-bone pattern (P=0.043), rate of cellularity (P<0.001), rate of nucleus overlapping (P<0.001), mean of Ki-67 (P=0.046), mean of Ki-67-limit (P=0.001) and atypia rate (P<0.001). Conclusion: There was a meaningful difference between fibrosarcoma and fibromatosis in terms of mitotic figures, expression of Ki-67 mitotic marker, herring bone pattern, cellularity and atypia. Therefore these features can be used to differentiate the relevant pathological lesions. However, no meaningful difference between two tumors in terms of expression and intensity of β-catenin, clarity of nucleoli and necrosis. This indicates that they are not reliable criteria of differentiation between fibrosarcoma and fibromatosis.
Study of prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of poly bacterial pneumonia
Abbasali Imani Fooladi , Elnaz Parvizi , Mohammadjavad Soltanpour , Ali Ahmadi ,
Volume 73, Issue 9 (December 2015)
Abstract

Background: Bacterial pneumonia is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality, and accurate diagnosis and treatment of the pneumonia causative agent, especially in polybacterial cases, is difficult and much appreciated. The aim of this study was to determine the causative agents and antimicrobial susceptibility of polybacterial pneumonia in patients with lower respiratory tract infections.Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 167 cases with symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), admitted since March 2010 to March 2013 to Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, were studied. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples have been obtained from all these patients and have been investigated for the presence of bacterial causative agent, presence of polybacterial pattern of the infection, and the pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility testing by disc diffusion method. Also, the samples have been studied for the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis through culture of specific media, separately.Results: From 167 patients (62 women and 105 men), 90 cases were positive for the presence of bacterial pathogens while 77 cases were negative by culture. The incidence of bacterial pneumonia was not statistically different between men and women. Totally 117 bacterial isolates were obtained belonging to 15 different bacterial species. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (25%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15%) and Staphylococcus aureus (14%) were the most frequent pathogens identified. 72 percent of pneumonic cases were monobacterial infections and the others were polybacterial infections (23% two-bacterial, and 5% three-bacteria). The highest antibiotic resistance rate was seen for amoxicillin and the lowest one was seen for vancomycin.Conclusion: This study found that the prevalence of bacterial pneumonia increases with age, and also is caused by different etiologic agents. A high percentage of negative cases may be due to fastidious bacteria, viral agents, and previous antibiotic therapy. Due to high levels of resistance to antimicrobial agents, accurate diagnosis and susceptibility testing of pneumonic patients is essential.


Correlation between chronic hypertension and occurrence of urinary tract infection
Parviz Saleh , Kian Alipasandi, Mohammadamin Rezazadehsaatlou , Negar Azizi , Amin Abdi Raad ,
Volume 75, Issue 6 (September 2017)
Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infections are very common in patients with high blood pressure. Hypertensive patients experience an average of three times of urinary tract infection per year. Blood pressure control is very important for preventing complications and also for identifying high-risk groups. Since, there is no national related study in this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of chronic hypertension on the incidence and recurrence of urinary tract infections.
Methods: In this case-control study, the required data were collected from outpatient cases referring to Taleghani Hospital and Sina Hospital related to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in Tabriz city, Iran. Data needed for the control group included patients accompanying patients who had no symptoms of urinary tract infection and with no history of blood pressure.
Results: 60 patients with urinary tract infections were examined: 57 (47.5%) of the subjects were men and 63 (52.5%) women. There was a significant relationship between the rate of red blood cell deposition in the first hour and systolic blood pressure. There was no significant correlation between the numerical value of white blood cell count and systolic or diastolic blood pressure in the studied patients.
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, there was a significant difference in systolic blood pressure in patients ESR 1 hour (red blood cell deposition rate in the first hour) with hypertension in case and control groups. There was a significant correlation between the ESR of the first hour and systolic blood pressure in the study, so that with an increase in ESR 1h, the systolic blood pressure increased in the examined patients, however, no significant correlation was found between ESR 1hour and diastolic blood pressure. Also, there was no meaningful correlation between the numerical value of white blood cell count and systolic or diastolic blood pressure in the studied patients. There was no significant correlation between systolic and diastolic blood pressure and age.

The effect of sesamine and aerobic exercise on plasma levels of total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase in athlete men
Yousef Saberi , Bahloul Ghorbanian , Parviz Ansari ,
Volume 75, Issue 7 (October 2017)
Abstract
Background: One the ways to deal with the adverse effects of oxidative stress caused by exercise activities is to use oral antioxidant supplements or to apply natural remedies. Sesamin is the most prominent lignan compound found in sesame seeds, one of the two highest sources of lignans in the human diet (the other being flax). Sesamin is catered to be a nutritional supplement that confers antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects or possibly being an estrogen receptor modulator and fat burner. For this purpose, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of 10 weeks supplementation of sesamin and aerobic exercise on plasma levels of total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase in athletic men.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, in Azarbayjan Shahid Madani University of Tabriz City from January to March of 2016 ,40 male subjects aged between 25 and 20 were randomly selected from placebo (10 subjects) and aerobic exercise (10 students), aerobic training+sesamin (10 people) and sesamin (10 people). The aerobic exercise protocol is (ten weeks / three days / 30-35 minutes). Blood samples were collected from subjects in six stages to evaluate the considered variables. Measurement of levels of antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase measurements were conducted by the Antioxidant capacity and GPX assay kit (ZellBio, German). For data analysis, repeated measures of variance analysis at a significant level of 5 hundredths were used by employing SPSS software, version 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
Results: Subjects who took sesamin supplementation and performed aerobic exercise showed a significant difference in the levels of total antioxidant and glutathione peroxidase capacity in the groups (P<0.05). Also, the changes in total antioxidant and peroxide levels after interference (steps 4, 5, 6) and before interference (steps 1, 2, 3) had meaningful differences in obtained results (P=0.001). Also, the interactive effects of group and time on total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase were also significant (P=0.001).
Conclusion: Aerobic exercise and supplementation of sesamin is an effective method to improve the health of mens athlete's immune system. In addition, combining supplementation with aerobic exercise can increase some of the beneficial effects of exercise during a 10-week period.

Study of Risk factors and bacteria that cause infections in chronic renal failure on hemodialysis patients with diabetic foot ulcers
Parviz Saleh , Mohammadamin Rezazadehsaatlou , Sara Tofighi ,
Volume 75, Issue 8 (November 2017)
Abstract
Background: Studies indicate a prevalence of 39.2% diabetes mellitus (DM) as the most common underlying cause in patients with dialysis. Statistics showed that the rates of morbidity and mortality were higher in hemodialysis patients with diabetes compared with hemodialysis patients without diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors responsible for infections in patient’s chronic renal failure on hemodialysis patients having diabetic foot ulcers.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 30 randomly selected hemodialysis patients who were referred to Imam Reza hospital, Tabriz from April 2016 to April 2017. The patients' records were taken according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and data were collected in designed questionnaires for further analysis.
Results: 63.3% of patients were males and 36.7% were females. The average age of study population was 51.23±12.74. Duration of dialysis was 5.15±3.58 years. The average HBA1C was 9.08±1.48. Bacterial cause of feet ulcer was isolated only in 56.7% of cases. Isolated bacteria were anaerobic (47.05%), gram-positive (35.29%) and gram negative (17.64%). Amputation was performed in 26.7% of cases. Mortality was reported in 13.3% of patients. Low personal hygiene, presence of vasculopathy, mortality and amputation was higher in anaerobic infections. Most infections were seen in patients with inadequate dialysis. Low dialysis adequacy, amputation, vasculopathy, increased duration of dialysis, poor hygiene was seen in patients with higher HbA1C.
Conclusion: These results indicate the importance of diabetic foot ulcers caused by anaerobic infections, because of the outcome of amputation and higher mortality rates in these patients, the prognosis is worse than other cases. Also, due to the direct relationship between personal hygiene and the development of anaerobic infections, it is possible to prevent these infections significantly by following these considerations. Most infections were found to be inappropriate in dialysis adequately. Therefore, accurate monitoring of patient's diabetes in the long run and the importance of this can control the complications of diabetes, including vasculopathy, followed by the need for amputation for fighting against diabetic foot ulcers.
 

Comparison of surgical and percutaneous tracheostomy method in the intensive care unit
Shahram Seyfi , Nadia Banihashem , Bahman Hassannasab , Parviz Amri ,
Volume 76, Issue 1 (April 2018)
Abstract
Background: Prolonged mechanical ventilation and the need for tracheal intubation are the main indication of tracheostomy. This procedure can be done, in two ways: surgical tracheostomy or percutaneous tracheostomy. In this study, surgical tracheostomy was compared with percutaneous method in the intensive care unit.
Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on 61 patients admitted to the intensive care unit of Ayatollah Rohani Hospital of Babol University of Medical Sciences from April 14, 2013 to April 14, 2016. In the first group (44 cases), tracheostomy was performed in percutaneous (PDT) and in the second group (17 patients) surgically. The early complications and waiting time (intubation to tracheostomy) for tracheostomy were compared in two groups. All data were analyzed by SPSS software, ver. 22 (Armonk, NY, USA), Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and P values of less than 0.05 were considered significant.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 59.87±8.15 years. The mean age of the male patients was 59.66±6.35 years and the female patients were 60.35±6.41 years. In this study, the average waiting time (time from intubation to tracheostomy) was 14.19 days in the PDT group and 20.69 days in the tracheostomy group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P= 0.001). The incidence of preoperative bleeding after surgery was five cases (8.2%). In the PDT group, two cases (3/3%) and the surgical group was three cases (4.9%) and the two groups did not have a significant difference (P= 0.46). The incidence of wound infection (during the period of admission and up to ten days later) in two groups was two patients (3.3%), one case (1.6%) In the PDT group, and one case (1.6%) in a surgical group and the two groups did not have a significant difference (P= 0.43). Other complications such a subcutaneous emphysema and posterior tracheal wall trauma and rupture was not shown in both groups.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the complications (bleeding and wound infections) did not differ between the two groups. Due to the lower waiting time and the lack of need for patient transfer outside of the intensive care unit, percutaneous tracheostomy can be a safe alternative to the surgical tracheostomy.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, biology, new diagnosis and treatment: review article
Maryam Mohammadlou , Maryam Abdollahi , Parviz Kokhaei,
Volume 76, Issue 11 (February 2019)
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a malignancy of B CD5+cells and is the most common type of leukemia in adults. The disease is more common in men over 50 years in western countries. CLL is associated with defective apoptosis in B cells. CLL was traditionally regarded as a disease that occurs before naïve B cells meet the antigen in the lymph nodes. Laboratory diagnosis requires white blood cell count, blood smear and immunophenotyping of lymphoid cells by flow cytometry. The disease most often associated with the accumulation of CD5+ CD19+ and CD23+ B cell with reduced number of surface membrane immunoglobulin in peripheral blood, bone marrow, and lymph nodes. Clinical progression of CLL is heterogeneous, some patients need treatment immediately after diagnosis, and others do not require treatment for many years after diagnosis. Over the past decades, considerable effort has been made to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the heterogeneous clinical course of the disease and finding prognostic markers for clinical classification. Patients with advanced Binet or Rai stages of disease require treatment. In addition to the interactions that exist between CLL cells, number of non-tumor cell types such as bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), nurse like cells (NLCs), follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), T cells, and some cytokines like IL-4 in tumor microenvironment play an important role in the CLL pathogenesis. Various factors including: IGVH mutation status, genetic variation, patient age and presence of other disorders are important for disease management and the type of treatment. CLL patients carrying p53 pathway dysfunction have poor prognosis and poor responses to therapy and very short survival. Available treatments include chemotherapy, chemoimmunotherapy, or drugs targeting B cell receptor signaling, Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) or inhibitors of apoptosis, such as BCL2 and new class of small molecules. Understanding the CLL biology is important in identifying high-risk patients as well as the drug and relevant therapeutic methods for better management of patients. In this review paper, the microenvironment and genetic abnormalities in the CLL as well as new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches based on the new understanding of molecular biology of CLL are discussed.

Measuring medical errors and adverse events in a hospital using global trigger tool
Abolghasem Pourreza, Ali Mohammad Mosadeghrad , Masoumeh Parvizi-Shad ,
Volume 78, Issue 5 (August 2020)
Abstract
Background: Medical errors are those mistakes committed by healthcare professionals due to wrong execution of a planned healthcare action or execution of a wrong healthcare action plan whether or not it is harmful to the patient. Medical errors may cause patients to suffer and have huge financial costs for the healthcare system. Identifying and measuring medical errors and adverse events are essential for improving patient safety. The objectives of this research were to measure medical errors and adverse events rates, to identify their severity and also analyze their underlying causes in a general educational hospital in Tehran, Iran by using The Global Trigger Tool.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective approach was used in this study. The medical records of 377 hospitalized patients between April 2015 and March 2016 were examined using simple random sampling method. Patient’s records were reviewed by a nurse using The Global Trigger Tool. Then, a physician authenticated the findings of the adverse events and rated their severity. The causes of adverse events were identified using brain storming and Ishikawa Cause And Effect Diagram.
Results:  A total of 205 triggers were detected, and 60 adverse events were identified. About 15.9 percent of patients experienced an adverse event. The rate of adverse events was 19.1 per 100 admissions and 5.7 per 100 Admission days or hospitalization days. Almost half of the adverse events were in the E and F categories (temporary harm). Bleeding, nosocomial infections, and patient fall were the leading adverse events. Employees and working processes were the underlying causes of the medical errors and adverse events. The Global Trigger Tool found 100 times more adverse events than the voluntary reporting method.
Conclusion: The adverse event rate of this study was high. Hospital managers should take appropriate actions to reduce medical errors and adverse events and enhance patient safety. The Global Trigger is a Powerful, reliable, strong tool for identifying adverse events and measuring their severity.

Views of users on factors affecting data quality of iranian electronic health record (SEPAS) in Hospitals Affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences: brief report
Seyed Mojtaba Hashemi Hasani , Khalil Kimiafar, Parviz Marouzi, Seyed Masoud Sadati, Alireza Banaye Yazdipour, Masoumeh Sarbaz,
Volume 78, Issue 5 (August 2020)
Abstract
Background: The Electronic Health Record contains personalized health care information. Several factors affect the quality of SEPAS (Iranian electronic health record) data, disregarding the types of hospital information system set-up in hospitals. The purpose of this study was to investigate users' views on the factors affecting the data quality of Iranian Electronic Health Record (SEPAS) in hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018. In this study, the views of supervisors of the SEPAS system, HIS chief officers, and head of health information technology departments of hospitals were evaluated through a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire. Content validity ratio and content validity index of the questionnaire were validated as 0.82 and 0.94, respectively. Furthermore, the internal questionnaire reliability was affirmed by Cronbach's alpha of 0.96. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics in the SPSS v.16 software.
Results: The most important individual factor of affecting SEPAS data quality was staff training (4.19±0.94 of 5). Moreover, the factor “Personnel awareness of goal, mission, and vision of SEPAS system" had the lowest score (3.86±1.16). Also, the most critical organizational factor was the integration and relation of the HIS with the Civil Status Registration System (4.43±0.72). In examining technical factors, the quality of its support team responsiveness to user demands had the highest score (4.56±0.58). Also, the utilization of new data collection instruments and technologies (barcode, RFID, etc.) had the lowest score (4.22±0.98).
Conclusion: The most efficient solutions to improve quality of SEPAS data seems to be continuous training of staff, enhancing HIS connection with the Civil Status Registration System and improving the responsiveness of SEPAS support team.

The evaluation of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with and without ocular complications
Shirin Assar, Fatemeh Khademi, Hamid-Reza Mohammadi-Motlagh, Kamran Mansouri, Mehran Pournazari , Parviz Soufivand, Bahareh Kardideh,
Volume 79, Issue 10 (January 2022)
Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid Arthritis patients are evaluated during treatment for various inflammatory factors such as C-reactive protein, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, and Disease Activity Score, and other immune system-related factors. In the follow-up of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, hematologic factors associated with the immune system especially Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio are important. In this study, platelet to lymphocyte ratio and Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio were compared in two groups of patients with and without ocular complications.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 246 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were referred to the rheumatology clinic of Kermanshah from December 2018 to May 2019. This study was carried out in accordance with the approval of the ethics committee (IR.KUMS.REC1397.311) at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. Of these patients, 191 had no ocular complications and 55 patients had ocular complications and were matched for age and sex. The blood samples were taken from patients and blood cell count was measured by Sysmex KX-21 hematology analyzer. The Spearman correlation test was used to evaluate the relationship between platelet to lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in both groups of patients without ocular complications and with ocular complications. The Disease Activity Score was compared between the two groups using the Mann-Whitney test.
Results: The results of this study showed no significant difference between NLR and PLR levels in both groups of patients without ocular complications and with ocular complications. But the results showed that DAS-28 was significantly lower in the group with ocular complications (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: In general, the results of the present study showed that the evaluation of inflammatory factors such as platelet to lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil to lymphocyte alone could not be judged in predicting the presence or possibility of ocular involvement, and the level of these factors in patients with ocular complications was affected. Other factors, such as the number of blood cells and the condition of each patient, are included.
 

A multi-step centrifuge method for extraction of leucocytes and preparation of Tc-HMPAO labeled leucocytes
Nasim Vahidfar, Mahdieh Parvizi, Marzyehsadat Peyman, Hana Safar, Saeed Farzenehfar , Mehrshad Abbasi,
Volume 80, Issue 2 (May 2022)
Abstract
Background: Labeled leucocytes could be used for localization of infection foci after surgeries or in inflammatory diseases including inflammatory bowel diseases. Extraction of leucocytes needs 10% Hetastarch which is not available in Iran. We provide a method employing multiple centrifuges to extract and label leucocytes with Tc-HMPAO.
Methods: The study was conducted from April to June 2018 in the Nuclear Medicine Unit of Valiasr Hospital. Leucocytes were extracted from a 60 ml blood sample anticoagulated with Acid-citrate-dextrose through four-step centrifugation as below: 1-whole blood was centrifuged at 1k cycle per minute (CPM) for eight minutes to precipitate red blood cells (RBC). Supernatant including RBC free plasma, WBC, and platelet was extracted for the next step. 2-WBC was precipitated at 1.8k CPM for five minutes and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as supernatant. 3- PRP was centrifuged at 3k for five minutes and cell-free plasma (CFP) was extracted as supernatant, and 4- precipitate WBS at step two was washed with saline and centrifuged at 0.5k CPM to achieve washed WBC. Then the leucocytes were labeled with 40 mCi Tc-HMPAO through 15 minute incubation at 37-38 degrees centigrade. The extra free pertechnetate was eliminated using two additional centrifugation steps as follows: 1-0.5k CPM for five minutes to dispense free pertechnetate, and 2-0.5 for five minutes to achieve high radiochemical purity labeled WBC. Finally, the labeled WBC was re-suspended in CFP and reinjected to the patient. Imaging at 2-4 hours was done. The pathology and imaging of labeled WBC distribution are reported
Results: No RBC was detected in microscopy. The majority of the leucocytes were lymphocytes with rare accompanying platelets. The radiolabeling efficiency of the procedure was higher than 40%. The viability test indicated more than 80% of viable cells. The radiochemical purity of the final product was more than 95%. Two to four hours after injection, low background images were acquired. The liver and spleen were target organs with low-grade urinary, thyroid, and GI activity.
Conclusion: Employing multi-stage centrifugation, Tc-HMPAO labeled leucocyte scan could be efficiently performed.

Sporadic pulmonary lymphangioliomyomatosis (LAM) in a 24-year-old female: a case report
Shahram Seyfi, Nazli Farnoosh, Kayvan Latifi, Parviz Amri Male , Hamed Mehdinezhad Gorji , Asadollah Shakeri, Khadijeh Ezoji ,
Volume 80, Issue 11 (February 2023)
Abstract
Background: Sporadic lymphangioleiomyomatosis (S-LAM) is a rare disease that generally affects young women and involves the abnormal proliferation of smooth muscle cells (LAM cells) in the lungs (pulmonary LAM). There are two types of LAM, sporadic and LAM with tuberous sclerosis, which is an autosomal dominant genetic disease caused by mutations in the Tsc1 and Tsc2 genes. The most common manifestation of this disease is pneumothorax due to cyst rupture. Median transplant-free survival for pulmonary LAM is 23 years from diagnosis. Factors associated with a poor prognosis are often those associated with a more rapid decline in lung function.
Case Presentation: The patient was a 24-year-old woman who presented with pneumothorax and multiple bullae in both lungs. The patient had no family history of respiratory disease, and the patient herself had no symptoms other than mild shortness of breath following activity from a year ago. A lung CT scan was performed for the patient and multiple bullae were evident in both lungs, which confirmed the diagnosis. There was no evidence of involvement of other organs but the lung. For the patient in the ICU with the diagnosis of left pneumothorax, a chest tube was inserted and she underwent mechanical ventilation. Finally, after 24 days of hospitalization, oxygen therapy of the patient was performed with a normal mask, and she underwent left lung pleurodesis with talcum powder, and a few days later, right lung pleurodesis was performed on the patient. On the 36th day of hospitalization, her general condition improved and she was discharged from the ICU. The patient was discharged in good general condition and had no problem on her four months follow-up.
Conclusion: Fortunately, with the diagnosis of LAM for the patient according to the CT scan of the patient's lung, she was treated with insertion of a chest tube and by performing pleurodesis, the recurrence of pneumothorax was prevented. In a young woman with spontaneous pneumothorax, sporadic LAM is one of the differential diagnoses.

Evaluating the efficacy of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in the treatment of acute respiratory failure (an experience from the Covid-19 pandemic)
Nazli Farnoosh, Shahram Seyfi, Khadijeh Ezoji, Asadollah Shakeri, Kayvan Latifi, Parviz Amri Male ,
Volume 81, Issue 8 (November 2023)
Abstract
Background: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been used as one of the most promising methods to treat hypoxic respiratory failure in COVID-19.
Methods: In this study, the clinical outcomes of 80 patients with acute respiratory failure caused by COVID-19 were evaluated. The disease was confirmed in two methods: clinical and radiographic confirmation of disease in patients with an acute respiratory infection (highly suspected) or in some cases with a positive PCR test. The rate of discharge from the ICU without the need for intubation was evaluated as the primary outcome and based on that, the patients were divided into two groups: NIV failure and NIV success. Mortality rate, length of stay in ICU, frequency of intubated patients and laboratory factors of patients as secondary outcomes in two groups were compared.
Results: Regarding the outcome of death and discharge, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups. Therefore, all patients with corona who were admitted to ICU and received NIV and were intubated due to non-responsiveness to NIV died and the patients were discharged from the hospital without intubation. All the patients investigated in this study, had received antiviral, antibiotic, and glucocorticoid treatment during hospitalization. In this study, the patients who were in the NIV success group and were not intubated had a lower mean age compared to the group without NIV success (54 vs. 67 years, respectively). The number of white blood cells in the NIV success group was 3945.28±10011.21 and in the group without NIV success was 9242.38±17296.16, which was statistically significant (P=0.004). The number of blood neutrophils in the successful and unsuccessful NIV groups was 12.19±83.04 and 4.31±89.49, respectively (P=0.034). The mean APACHEII score in patients in the NIV success group (11.07±5.05) was significantly lower than the group without NIV success (20.16±4.96).
Conclusion: Mortality was higher in the intubated group than in the NIV group. The combination of APACHEII score and respiratory rate one hour after receiving NIV can predict success with NIV.

The impact of selenium and astaxanthin on sperm parameters and sensory-motor function recovery in spinal cord injured rats
Parviz Shahabi, Jalal Abdolalizadeh, Shirin Hasanpour, Behnaz Sadeghzadeh Oskouei , Soheila Bani,
Volume 82, Issue 2 (May 2024)
Abstract
Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a significant medical and social issue, leading to varying degrees of sensory and motor impairments. Most men experience sexual dysfunction and fertility problems. These issues can be partially attributed to pathophysiological mechanisms, including damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Targeted antioxidant therapy can significantly reduce oxidative stress and neuro inflammation. This study sought to examine the impact of selenium and astaxanthin on sperm parameters and the recovery of sensory-motor function in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI).
Methods: This experimental study utilized the rat animal model and was carried out at the Neuroscience Research Center Laboratory of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences from December 30, 2022, to November 27, 2023. Fifty adults male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups of ten: control, sham, SCI, selenium-supplemented, and astaxanthin-supplemented. Except for the control and sham groups, spinal cord injury was induced in all other groups. Six weeks after the injury and upon completion of the treatment, the effects of selenium and astaxanthin supplementation on sperm parameters and spinal cord repair were assessed. The Basso, Beattie, and Brenham (BBB) scale was employed to evaluate motor function, while the Von Frey test was utilized to assess sensory status.
Results: A considerable rise in sperm concentration was noted in both the selenium-fed group and the astaxanthin-fed group when compared to the spinal cord injury group (P=0.001). Supplementation with selenium and astaxanthin improved sperm concentration, progressive motility, and viability, bringing these parameters close to control levels (P<0.001). However, neither of these substances had an effect on abnormal sperm morphology (P>0.05). Both selenium and astaxanthin supplementation enhanced the motor and sensory functions of the injured rats (P<0.001), with selenium showing a greater role in promoting repair compared to astaxanthin (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Selenium and astaxanthin supplements improved sperm parameters, except for sperm morphology, and were effective in enhancing motor and sensory functions after spinal cord injury. Selenium was found to be more effective than astaxanthin in promoting spinal cord repair.

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