Showing 14 results for Rahele
Nazanin Talebabadi , Amirnader Emami-Razavi, Raheleh Safaei-Javan, Hadis Mohammadpour , Alireza Abdollahi ,
Volume 75, Issue 1 (April 2017)
Abstract
Background: As far as the role and amount of Transferrin receptor 2 (TFR2), which is the transferrin receptor gene, studies have been conducted, some of which confirming its relationship with gastric adenocarcinoma. The idea behind this study was to examine changes in the TFR2 gene expression in the tumor cells of gastric adenocarcinoma and comparing with gene expression in the normal tissue adjoining the tumor.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted at the Pathology Section of Cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini University Hospital in Tehran from September 2015 to September 2016. In this study, 30 fresh samples from tumor tissues of patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma, 30 fresh samples of normal tissue adjoining the tumor and 30 samples of frozen plasma from the same patients were taken. The patients' plasma was examined in terms of existence of helicobacter pylori antibody by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) method and TFR2 gene expression in the tumor tissue and the adjoining normal tissue by applying real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-Time PCR).
Results: Gene expression (by applying real time polymerase chain reaction) in the tumor tissue was meaningfully higher than in the normal tissue (P= 0.125). The TFR2 expression in patients with stomach cancer, who were at the same time infected with helicobacter pylori, indicated that the gene expression had increased in those with this contamination (P= 0.077). Examining the relationship between this gene expression and the stage of disease showed that the TFR2 gene expression increased significantly in the more advanced stages of the disease (P= 0.396).
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Conclusion: The TFR2 gene expression increases in the stomach's tumor tissue. This gene expression is higher in people infected with helicobacter pylori or in those at an advanced stage of the disease. These findings may confirm the direct relationship between gene expression and the occurrence or metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Raheleh Dorosti , Mehri Ghasemi , Khosro Khademi-Kalantari, Alireza Akbarzadeh-Baghban ,
Volume 75, Issue 7 (October 2017)
Abstract
Background: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is known as one of the most frequent knee diseases and is the most frequent cause of anterior knee pain. Despite the high prevalence of the disease, its predisposing factors are not clearly known. Neuromuscular control disorders of hip and lumbopelvic complex and instability of core redounds to instability of whole movement pack chain. The aim of the present was to comparing the electromyographic activities of core muscles and muscles around the knee joint during gait in patients with PFPS with healthy subjects.
Methods: This descriptive-analytic case-control study was carried out in School of Rehabilitation in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The present study was carried out during 10 months (April to February in 2016). Thirty-two subjects containing 17 patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (10 females and 7 males) and 18 healthy subjects (10 females and 8 males) participated in this study. In both groups the electrical activities of some of the muscles around the knee joint and the core muscles containing vastus medialis (VM), adductor longus (AL), gluteus maximus (G Max), external oblique abdominis (EOA), internal oblique abdominis (IOA), transverse abdominis (TA) and multifidus (M) were recorded during gait. Onset and offset time, duration and intensity of muscles activities were compared between two groups.
Results: The results of the study showed that duration and intensity of the electrical activity of the gluteus maximus (respectively P=0.03, P=0.035) and offset time of electrical activity of the internal oblique abdominis (P=0.04) and the transverse abdominis (P=0.03) during gait, were significantly different between two groups. The external oblique abdominis and the multifidus electrical activities had not any significant differences between two groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that electromyographic activities of some of core muscles in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome in comparison with healthy subjects are different. However, there was no differences in electromyographic activities in some of the muscles around the knee between patients and healthy subjects.
Amir Hosein Movahedian , Mohammad Jahangiri , Mona Nabovati, Mohammad Reza Sharif , Raheleh Moradi , Ziba Mosayebi ,
Volume 77, Issue 9 (December 2019)
Abstract
Background: Congenital heart diseases are the second group of congenital anomalies in infants. These disorders are a major cause of death in the first year of a child's life. Early detection helps to treat these diseases better. In this study cardiology consultations of hospitalized infants in the neonatal intensive care unit were evaluated.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, two hundred and fifty pediatric cardiology consultations conducted in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in the year 2012 were reviewed. Information such as the cause of consulting, delivery type, age of parents, relative couples, family history of congenital heart disease, maternal medications, maternal background diseases, the final diagnosis, and prognosis follow-up of the patients were recorded in a designed questionnaire. Finally, the data were entered into the SPSS software, version 16 (IBM SPSS, Armonk, NY, USA) and analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test. P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The mean age of the consulted neonates was 4.845±5.14 days with a gestational age of 33.933±3.65 weeks. Male sex and cesarean section were the most frequent. Fifty-six percent of consulted infants were male. The present study revealed that prematurity (76%), murmurs (30.8%), respiratory distress syndrome (14.4%) and cyanosis (13.2%) were the most common causes of the cardiac consultation seeking among infants. Seventy-six percent of infants were consulted due to prematurity. Eighty-four percent of infants had a normal conditions. Septal defects (ventricular or atrial septal defect) and patent ductus arteriosus were the most common disease diagnosed with the prevalence of 27.5 and 17.5%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between preterm labor and congenital heart disease (P<0.001). Additionally, prematurity associated with respiratory distress syndrome and using assisted reproductive techniques.
Conclusion: The higher prevalence of congenital heart disease in the present study, compared with other studies, reflects the fact that cardiology consultation based on clinical suspicion leads to the more identification of congenital heart disease that means the right referral of newborns for consultation was accompanied with a higher incidence of heart failure.
Somayeh Moeindarbary , Raheleh Ebrahimi , Parvaneh Layegh , Aseyeh Maleki , Ali Pezeshkian ,
Volume 77, Issue 10 (January 2020)
Abstract
Background: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis is the most common cause of sporadic encephalitis, with significant morbidity and mortality that are effectively reduced by antiviral treatment. Herpes simplex infection in pregnant women rarely results in encephalitis. The most common symptoms of a pregnant woman with herpes simplex infection are colds and skin vesicles. Herpetic encephalitis occurs during pregnancy in the third trimester in 60% of cases and with less prevalence in the second trimester. Among HSVs most, HSV-1 causes encephalitis. Early diagnosis and timely treatment are important as mortality decreases from 70% to 20-30%. This case report, reviews a pregnant woman with a diagnosis of herpes encephalitis due to seizure and consciousness disorder, which was negative in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and diagnostic studies.
Case Presentation: The patient was a 23-year-old woman with a gestational age of 29 weeks who presented with fever, headache, delirium, and cognitive impairment three days prior to admission following seizure. Early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an increase in the cortical signal in the temporal lobe and PCR assay for the detection of herpes virus was negative. Magnetic resonance venography also showed an increase in the left maxillary sinus with differential diagnosis of herpetic encephalitis. Considering the symptoms of the patient with a strong suspicion of herpes simplex encephalitis, the patient was treated with acyclovir, which was associated with improvement of clinical symptoms. Finally, normal delivery was performed after 36 weeks of gestation.
Conclusion: Given that herpes simplex virus encephalitis is a rare and potentially dangerous and complicated disease, it is imperative for a pregnant patient with atypical symptoms to be identified with an appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic measures.
Mahmoud Keyvanara, Mohammad Satari, Majid Jangi, Nasrin Sharbafchizadeh, Rahele Rahele,
Volume 78, Issue 9 (December 2020)
Abstract
Background: Infectious diseases in the pandemic stage have significant life-threatening, psychological and social effects. Identifying the characteristics associated with people's cooperation in self-care leads to greater immunity for themselves and others. Therefore, this study was conducted to predict the self-care of the Iranian people according to their individual and social characteristics in face of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Methods: A survey study was conducted on 1056 adults aged 18 and over in different provinces of Iran through a form of answering online researcher-made questions (n=40, α=0.9) in social networks in four days. This paper studies the level of self-care of people against Covid 19 pandemic which was conducted with the support of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in April 2016. Data were analyzed using Student t-test and variance. Moreover, "decision tree technique" was used to identify communication patterns.
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Results: The findings showed that the average self-care score in women, the most educated, married women, women aged 41 to 55, housewives and some other occupations was very high. However, the average self-care score of single men with a diploma was average. In general, the mean score of women's self-care was higher than men (P<0.0001) and the educated were more than the less educated literate (P=0.007). There was no significant difference between the self-care scores of the respondents in terms of their marital status and employment.
Conclusion: The results showed that the average scores of self-care in women, more educated people, married women, women in the age group of 41 to 55 years, housewives and some other occupations were reported to be very high; While the average self-care score reported in single men with a diploma was average. Overall, the mean score of self-care reported in women was higher than men (P<0.0001) and people with doctoral education reported more self-care than illiterate people (P=0.007). Besides, there was no significant difference between the self-care scores of the respondents in terms of their marital status (single and married) and their employment status (employed and non-employed).
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Malihe Hasanzadeh, Raheleh Ebrahimi, Parnian Malakuti,
Volume 78, Issue 11 (February 2021)
Abstract
Background: Cervical cavernous hemangioma is an extremely rare, benign lesions, and only a few cases are reported. Cervical cavernous Hemangiomas are characterized by an increase in the number of normal and abnormal veins. The majority of these lesions are superficial, often found in the head and neck area, but may also occur in the inner parts of the body. The occurrence of these lesions in the female reproductive tract, especially the the cervix is extremely rare. This disease should be considered as a differential diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding because of the low prevalence and importance of the diagnosis of this uncommon disease. The majority of cervical cavernous hemangiomas have been reported in women of childbearing age. Besides, although most lesions are symptomatic (mostly bleeding), diagnosis is often unlikely. They may cause abnormal vaginal bleeding in the form of menometrorrhagia and postcoital spotting. To date, fewer than 55 cases have been reported. This study aimed to report a rare case of cervical cavernous hemangioma.
Case Report: The patient was a 24-year-old woman who had referred to the outpatient clinic of Ghaem Hospital in September 2016 due to prolonged post coital bleeding after intercourse. At the time of the pelvic examination, posterior lip of cervix was very vascular and there was black color that had extend to the vagina. The patient underwent colposcopy. Following colposcopy, due to severe cervical bleeding, the vagina packed. The patient's bleeding was controlled with the pack after 24 hours. Cervical pathology revealed a cavernous hemangioma.
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Conclusion: Cervical cavernous hemangioma is extremely rare. This should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with abnormal vaginal bleeding, especially those of childbearing age, and no clinical or radiologic findings such as leiomyoma, adenomyosis, or dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Pelvic examination is the first step in the management of the patient with vaginal bleeding. Increased awareness of this unusual cervical lesion can lead to early diagnosis and conservative treatment approaches. In most cases, hysterectomy is performed, but the patient with mild symptoms can be treated with conservative management. Increased awareness of this unusual cervical lesion can lead to early diagnosis and conservative treatment approaches.
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Rahele Samouei,
Volume 78, Issue 12 (March 2021)
Abstract
No
Mohaddeseh Vafaiee, Raheleh Mohammadpour , Manouchehr Vossoughi, Pezhman Sasanpour,
Volume 79, Issue 6 (September 2021)
Abstract
The recording of electrophysiological activities of brain neurons in the last half-century has been considered as one of the effective tools for the development of neuroscience. One of the techniques for recording the activity of nerve cells is the multi-electrode arrays (MEAs). Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are usually employed to record electrical signals from electrogenic cells like neurons or cardiomyocytes. MEAs consist of an array of planar or three-dimensional electrodes that act as electrical interfaces and record cellular signals or stimulate cells. These platforms can be used in different applications including neuroscience studies, prostheses and rehabilitation, deep brain stimulation (DBS), cardiac pacemakers, retinal and cochlear implants, or for brain-computer interfaces (BCI) in general. Multi-electrode arrays are known as long-term recording and non-invasive devices. The MEA structure includes arrays of electrodes with micrometer and nanometer dimensions which are designed to stimulate and record the electrical activity of cells, and are fabricated using micromachining technologies. MEAs should be biocompatible to serve as a substrate for cell growth. On the other hand, they must have low impedance to be able to provide a high signal-to-noise ratio, and small size to offer a suitable spatial resolution for recording. MEAs are usually fabricated on glass substrates patterned with high-conductivity metals such as gold, iridium or platinum, which are insulated with a biocompatible layer. Despite fast progress, current multi-electrode arrays for neural applications still face limitations such as low signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution. To achieve better spatial resolution and lower noise levels and therefore more accurate signal, it is necessary to develop arrays with smaller sizes and lower impedance. Meanwhile, many nanostructures such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles, and also conductive polymers have become attractive candidates for this application due to their interesting properties. In this paper, the technology of multi-electrode arrays, how it works and its various parts are introduced, and finally, the challenges and developments in this field are investigated. Multi-electrode array technology is used for neuroscience research, neural network analysis, drug effects screening, and neural prosthesis studies.
Toktam Etezadi Jam, Robabeh Mousavi Nejad , Majid Sezavar Dukht Farooqi , Rahele Rahimi, Seyedeh Maryam Mousavi,
Volume 79, Issue 7 (October 2021)
Abstract
Background: Nicolau syndrome is a rare condition that happens after
intramuscular injection. All the intramuscular injections may have mild to moderate complications such as pain, focal abscess, nerve complication and anaphylactic reactions. Among these complications, wide necrosis of the skin like Nicolau syndrome happens very rarely. In this condition, Patients typically report acute, intense pain, immediately after drug injection and it is followed by an erythematous macular evolving after 24 hours into a livedoid violaceous patch with dendritic extensions. The study has been reported a case report of a 6-month-old infant who suffered from Nicolau syndrome after the injection of pentavalent vaccine
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Methods: A 6-month-old girl infant without a history of any disease was referred to the emergency department with the signs of erythema, edema and purple like discoloration in the vaccine injection site at the left tight, after vaccination. One hour after admission, in the lower limb severe edema along with an extension of a dark red to purple discoloration happened on different parts of foot and after 5 days they turned necrotic. The infant suffered from Nicolau syndrome after the injection of the pentavalent vaccine.
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Conclusion: Although Nicolau syndrome is a very rare complication with no definitive treatment but can be prevented and not be aggravated by doing proper method of intramuscular injection and no application of cold compress (aspiration the needle for 5–10 seconds before injecting to make sure not to hit a blood vessel, the proper method of z-track, holding injection immediately if the patient complains excruciating pain on injection site, appropriate length of the needle to reach muscle, and different sites for multiple injections). However, due to lack of supporting evidence, needle aspiration is not recommended because no major vessel runs through the normal vaccination zone and that faster method is less painful. So, the vaccination must be done in right place with an appropriate length of the needle.
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Reza Rezayatmand, Rahele Samouei,
Volume 79, Issue 7 (October 2021)
Abstract
No
Somayeh Nazari , Raheleh Rafaiee, Hamed Ghazvini , Elmira Beirami , Sara Chavoshinezhad , Seyedeh Masoumeh Seyedhosseini Tamijani ,
Volume 80, Issue 4 (July 2022)
Abstract
The vagus nerve (VN), the longest cranial nerve and an essential part of the parasympathetic system, connects the central nervous system to respiratory, cardiovascular, immune, gastrointestinal, and endocrine systems and is involved in the maintenance of homeostasis by controlling these systems. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is related to any method that would stimulate the vagal nerve via electrical stimulation. VNS is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatment for medication-resistant depression, drug-resistant epilepsy, and migraine. However, VNS has also been studied for various other conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease and tinnitus, by targeting the VN in the neck and ear. Currently, there are two methods for VNS: a) invasive-VNS (iVNS), which requires surgical implantation of a pulse generator under the anterior chest wall, that is linked through a wire to an electrode cuff that wraps around a cervical vagus nerve, b) non-invasive transcutaneous VNS which is separated into cervical transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation (ctVNS) and auricular transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation (atVNS). The non-invasive transcutaneous VNS techniques are well tolerated and have no significant side effects, making them effective in clinical research for brain diseases. Because with these newer methods, the electrical stimulation is carried out through the skin.
The results of this study were collected using the advanced search in Scientific Information Database (SID), Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus between 2011 to 2021. Out of 671 articles surveyed, we used 53 articles in the study after the evaluation. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and Keyword Searching was carried out through the MeSH database. VNS has been shown to alter neural activity in multiple areas of the brain related to the regulation of the affective states. However, the precise mechanism of VNS action on the clinical consequences is still unknown. This study aimed to review the therapeutic effect of both methods of VNS in neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders such as depression, migraine, seizure, tinnitus and Alzheimer's disease and discuss several hypotheses on the mechanism of VNS, as a new approach, in the treatment of such disorders. It considers that a brain-mapping approach is needed to discover the therapeutic mechanisms of VNS in brain diseases.
Rahele Samouei,
Volume 80, Issue 8 (November 2022)
Abstract
Faezeh Moghadas, Zahra Amini, Rahele Kafieh,
Volume 80, Issue 10 (January 2023)
Abstract
Background: Brain-computer interface systems provide the possibility of communicating with the outside world without using physiological mediators for people with physical disabilities through brain signals. A popular type of BCIs is the motor imagery-based systems and one of the most important parts in the design of these systems is the classification of brain signals into different motor imagery classes in order to transform them into control commands. In this paper, a new method of brain signal classifying based on deep learning methods is presented.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, from February 2020 to June 2022. In the pre-processing block, segmentation of brain signals, selection of suitable channels and filtering by Butterworth filter have been done; then data has transformed to the time-frequency domain by three different kinds of mother wavelets including Cmor, Mexicanhat, and Cgaus. In the classification step, two types of convolutional neural networks (one-dimensional and two-dimensional) were applied whereas each one of them was utilized in two different architectures. Finally, the performance of the networks has been investigated by each one of these three types of input data.
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Results: Three channels were selected as the best ones for nine subjects. To separate 8-30 Hz, a 5th degree Butterworth filter was used. After finding the optimal parameters in the proposed networks, wavelet transform with Cgauss mother wavelet has the highest percentage in the both proposed architectures. Two-dimensional convolutional neural network has higher convergence speed, higher accuracy and more complexity of calculations. In terms of accuracy, precision, sensitivity and F1-score, two-dimensional convolutional neural network has performed better than one-dimensional convolutional neural network. The accuracy of 92.53%, which is obtained from the second architecture, as the best result, is reported.
Conclusion: The results obtained from the proposed network indicate that suitable, and well-designed deep learning networks can be utilized as an accurate tool for data classification in application of motion perception.
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Mohammad Sattari, Rahele Samouei,
Volume 80, Issue 12 (March 2023)
Abstract
Background: In the Covid-19 Pandemic, virtual education in universities became essential and came with some challenges, especially for professors who had the role of presenters. In this regard, the study was conducted to predict the performance of professors in providing virtual training in Covid-19 in terms of problem-solving methods and their demographics.
Methods: A descriptive-analytical study was performed on 252 professors of Iranian universities of medical sciences from 2021 April to 2021. Also, demographic characteristics such as gender, field of study, position, job rank and work experience were asked. The faculty members' performance questionnaire in providing virtual training (α=0.89) and the problem-solving methods questionnaire (α=0.75) was administered virtually and the data were analyzed by Random forest, CHAID and ID3 techniques.
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Results: Based on used data mining methods findings, factors related to teachers' satisfaction with their performance in providing virtual education were "the possibility of monitoring the performance of homework", "establishing order and regulations", "preparing standard educational content", "using multimedia content", "Mastery of software, educational systems, and multimedia content", and "possibility of examining the quality and quantity of students' learning". Also, interpersonal problem-solving methods, such as "believing in the role of personality traits of people in their behavior", "solving problems with effort and follow-up", "notifying people's mistakes in interpersonal interactions", "giving people the opportunity to check their behavior", "proposing solutions to solve problems for the benefit of both parties", and "dividing big problems into smaller parts" have played a big role in professors' satisfaction about their teaching methods. These characteristics are related to more basic areas such as self-regulation, pursuit and challenge, agreeableness, and realism.
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the performance of teachers in providing virtual education is influenced by some behavioral factors and individual situational abilities. However, despite the virtual training implementation difficulties, it is a productive opportunity that can be used in the days of returning for conditions (after-covid 19 condition) without physical distance along with face-to-face training.
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