Motasaddi Zarandy M, Amirabadi M, Ramazani H3,
Volume 60, Issue 1 (13 2002)
Abstract
Chronic otitis media and mastoiditis is a common otologic condition. Although it does not occur as frequently as acute otitis media, but remains a persistent and perplexing problem. Nowadays, although with improved access to medical care , advanced technology of imaging and entrance of new powerful antimicrobials, dangerous and deathful complications of c.o.m have become less common significantly, but unfortunately more of less serious complications is seen continuously.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 1500 patients with C.O.M that had been operated during the years 1991 - 97 in Amir hospital was conducted.
Results: patients had ages between 8 months to 78 years old with a peak incidence at 3rd decade of life. Among that patients, 56 patients (3.7 percent) had one of major C.O.M complications. Over ally, in order of frequency, we found: facial nerve paralysis 27 pt (1.8 percent) labyrinthitis and perilymphatic fistula 16 pt (1.06 percent) Intracranial abscess 5 pt (0.33 percent), lateral sinus thrombosis 4 pt (0.26 percent) Meningitis 2 pt (0.13 percent) and Bezold's abscess 2 pt (0.13 percent) peak - age incidence of complications was 3rd decade of life and M/F incidence of complications was 3/2.
Conclusion: The early diagnosis and treatment of C.O.M complications are very important (specially intracranial complications), but it can be possible if the physician thinks about it.
Jahanfar Sh, Ramazani Tehrani F, Sadat Hashemi M ,
Volume 60, Issue 4 (15 2002)
Abstract
Introduction: Unwanted pregnancy is one of the most important problems in family planning programs especially in developing countries. This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of unwanted pregnancy and factors that contributes to it's existence in ten cities in Islamic Republic of Iran.
Methods and Materials: From cases, 1548 subjects referring to the antenatal clinics of university hospitals in the following cities were included in the study: Fars, Systan and Balochestan, Hamedan, Kerman, West-Azarbayjan, Gillan, Khorasan, Khozestan, Isfahan. A face to face interview was conducted to fill out a questionnaire.
Results: The result suggests that the rate of unwanted pregnancy was reported around 34.96 percent. Familiarity with contraceptive methods was quite poor in some cities. Usage of contraceptive pills and condoms were also not correct and led to failure of the method by the rate of 12.5 percent and 8.8 percent respectively.
Conclusion: It is concluded that there is a need to plan a suitable educational plan in order to reduce the rate of the unwanted pregnancy.
Gholamreza Pourmand , Mohsen Ayati , Ali Razi , Aliakbar Karami , Rashid Ramazani , Ayat Ahmadi , Parvin Akbari Asbagh, Rahil Mashhadi , Shadi Pourmand ,
Volume 73, Issue 5 (August 2015)
Abstract
Background: Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), also known as gamma-seminoprotein or kallikrein-3 (KLK3), is the best marker for early diagnosis of prostate cancer. Since age and race are affecting PSA levels, determining age-specific reference ranges of PSA in every community is necessary for increasing the efficiency rate of PSA. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the normal distribution of total prostate-specific antigen (TPSA) and free prostate-specific antigen (FPSA) and determine age-specific reference ranges of PSA in Iranian men.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1200 normal men with the age range of 50 to 79 referred to Shahid Rajaie Hospital, Qazvin Province in Iran, from 2011 to 2013. After excluding patients with prostate cancer and urinary tract infection, 1020 men were included in this study. Then, their blood samples were collected and after the extraction of serum from blood, serum levels of FPSA and TPSA were measured using commercial kits the reference range of PSA was specified for each age group and compared with reference ranges of other populations.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 61.03±7.5 years and the mean values of FPSA and TPSA were 0.47±0.6 ng/ml and 1.56±2.05 ng/ml, respectively. PSA serum levels (95th percentile range) in 50 to 59, 60 to 69 and 70 to 79-year age groups were 0-3.6 ng/ml, 0-5.7 ng/ml and 0-6.8 ng/ml, respectively. TPSA (r= 0.2, P< 0.001) and FPSA (r= 0.22, P< 0.001) were significantly associated with age. In addition, a significant relationship was found between TPSA serum levels and alcohol consumption (P= 0.017), smoking (P< 0.001) and family history of prostate cancer (P= 0.014).
Conclusion: Findings of the present study showed that PSA levels are correlated with age. It was also revealed that the PSA age-specific reference range obtained in this study is different from other races and is specific to Iranian men. Therefore, age-specific reference ranges of PSA obtained in the present study can increase PSA test sensitivity and specificity by reducing unnecessary diagnostic procedures and early detection of prostate cancer in Iranian men.
