Showing 7 results for Rasoulinejad
Mohraz M, Jonaidi N, Rasoulinejad M, Broum M A, Aligholi M , Shahsavan Sh,
Volume 61, Issue 3 (14 2003)
Abstract
Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a predominantly nosocomial pathogen which its prevalence has increased worldwide over the past three decades.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The following study is designed for determination of prevalence of MRSA infection through measurement of MICs of S. aureus isolates in Imam Khomeini Hospital (a teaching hospital) from November 2001 to January 2003. A total number of 402 specimens were isolated and specified as S. aureus by Imam Khomeini microbiology lab. Demographic and clinical data and results of MIC were analysed by Epilnfo 6 software.
Results: During the study, staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 402 patients that 187 (46.5%) of isolates were MRSA and 215 (53.5%) were MSSA. Of 402 patients, 254 (63.2%) were male and 148 (36.8%) were female. The difference of the prevalence of MRSA between males and females was not statistically significant (p= 0.09). The difference in mean age in MRSA and MSSA groups was not statistically significant (p= 0.55). In the age group of < 1 month, the prevalence of MRSA infection was significantly higher than other groups (P= 0.01).
Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of MRSA infection was increased, statistically significant in the presence of such factors as sepsis, longer duration of hospitalization, hospital- acquired infection, history of invasive procedure, history of antimicrobials used in the past 3 months and type of administered antimicrobial (s), history of hospitalization in the preceding year, certain underlying diseases, type of admission ward, type of infection, type of specimen and type of administered antimicrobials for treatment. Surprisingly, the prevalence of MRSA infection in IV drug user group was low that was statistically significant (p< 0.0001). In this study, there was no statistically significant difference in outcome between MRSA infected and MSSA infected patients. Based on results of this study, prevalence of infections due MRSA in this hospital are high, therefore addition to diagnosis of risk factors of MRSA infections, application of standard infection control practices should be done for limitation of these infections.
Hadadi A, Rasoulinejad M, Maleki Z, Mojtahedzadeh M, Younesian M, Ahmadi S.a, Bagherian H,
Volume 65, Issue 4 (3 2007)
Abstract
Background: The object of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial resistance pattern among common nosocomial Gram-negative bacilli isolated from patients with nosocomial infections.
Methods: From June 2004 to December 2005, 380 isolates of common Gram-negative bacilli (Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and E. coli) from 270 patients with nosocomial infections in Sina and Imam Hospitals, Tehran, Iran, were evaluated for susceptibility to Imipenem, Cefepime, Ciprofloxacine, Ceftriaxone and Ceftazidime by Disc diffusion and E-test methods.
Results: The most frequent pathogens isolated were Klebsiella spp. (40%), followed by Pseudomonas (28%), Acinetobacter spp. (20%) and E. coli (12%). The most active antibiotic was imipenem (84%). 26% of all isolates were sensitive to Cefepime, 26% to Ciprofloxacin, 20% to Ceftazidime and 10% to Ceftrixone. The susceptibility rates of Klebsiella to Imipenem, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, Ceftazidime and Ceftriaxone were 91, 25, 21, 13 and 7 percent, respectively and 91, 19, 17, 21 and 21 percent, respectively, for E. coli. Among Acineto- bacter spp., the susceptibility rate was 77% for Imipenem and 21% for Ciprofloxacin. Among Pseudomonas spp., 75% of isolates were susceptible to Imipenem and 39% to Ciprofloxacin. The comparison of the resistance status of microorganisms by both Disc diffusion and E-test methods showed a clinically noticeable agreement between these two tests.
Conclusions: Since antibiotic resistance among Gram-negative bacilli has increased, enforcement of policy regarding proper antibiotic use is urgently needed in order to delay the development of resistance. Although it is widely accepted that E-test is more accurate in determining the resistance of microorganisms, our study showed that the Disc diffusion test will give the same results in most occasions and is therefore still considered useful in clinical practice.
Farzad Katiraee, Ali Reza Khosravi, Vahid Khalaj, Mahboubeh Hajiabdolbaghi, Ali Asghar Khaksar, Mehrnaz Rasoulinejad, Mir Saeed Yekani Nejad,
Volume 68, Issue 1 (4 2010)
Abstract
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Background: Oropharyngeal candidiasis is the most frequent fungal
infection in HIV patients. The aims of this study
were to appraise prevalence of oropharyngeal candidiasis and to determine
factors associated with oropharyngeal candidiasis and oral yeast colonization
among Iranian HIV patients.
Methods: The patients were composed 150 Iranian HIV positive individuals referred to Iranian Research Center for HIV & Aids (IRCHA), Imam Khomeini Hospital complex
in Tehran, Iran. Oral samples were obtained and cultured on mycological media. TCD4 lymphocyte count/percentage was
measured and patients were categorized. Patients evaluated for some risk
factors for oropharyngeal candidiasis and oral candida colonization.
Results: Fifty nine percent of patients
were presented with oropharyngeal candidiasis and the carriage rate of yeasts
was 116 (77.2%). The most frequent isolated candida
species were Candida albicans (102) 50.2% and Candida glabrata (45) 22%. Thrush in 57(38%), perleche in 30(20%) and erythematous lesions in 7(4.7%) of patients were observed.
Significant differences in TCD4 count (p=0.01), gender (p=0.02), antifungal therapy (p=0.001), smoking (p=0.02), and intravenous drug use (p=0.03), between asymptomatic and
symptomatic patients were observed.
Conclusion: Oral candidiasis is a frequent complication among Iranian HIV individuals. C. albicans and C. glabrata are most important etiologic agents of oral candidiasis. In Iranian HIV individuals TCD4 count, antifungal
therapy, gender, smoking and intravenous drug use are important risk factors for oropharyngeal
candidiasis. Denture wearing and age are predisposing factors for oral colonization.
Rasoulinejad M, Bouyer M, Emadi Kouchak H, Hasibi M, Mollazadeh N, Moradmand Badie B,
Volume 68, Issue 10 (5 2011)
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis with high prevalence in HIV/AIDS
patients is the main reason for morbidity and mortality in these patients.
About one-third of patients with HIV infection
have concomitant tuberculosis. Lack of appropriate infection control on many
social and economic communities will impose. Comprehensive study on the effects
of anti-tuberculosis drugs in patients with HIV infecting
less done, also due to the importance of reducing morbidity and mortality,
reduce the cost of disease, identifying drug pharmacokinetics, the importance
of completing treatment tuberculosis, this study was performed to evaluate the
effects of anti- tuberculosis drugs on HIV infection
and to identify the drug pharmacokinetics and so more complete tuberculosis
treatment.
Methods: A historical cohort study was performed on
patients referring to the research center for HIV/AIDS,
consultation center, department of infection diseases of Imam
Khomeini Hospital
in Tehran, Iran. A
total number of 75 cases with HIV
negative versus HIV positive patients
with pulmonary tuberculosis and positive sputum smear in accordance with
inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected.
Results: In this study, the frequency of peripheral neuropathy 27(73%),
arthralgia 31(83.8%), vomiting 18(48.6%),
headache 26(70.3%), dizziness 20(54.1%),
renal toxicity 4(10.8%) and of skin rash 10(27%)
in patients with HIV virus infection were
significantly more than HIV- negative patients.
Hepatotoxicity, fever and anemia were not significantly more common in patients
who infected with HIV virus.
Conclusion: The HIV patients, who have not received antiretroviral
drugs during tuberculosis treatment, may show higher incidence of
anti-tuberculosis drugs complications.
Katiraee F, Khosravi Ar, Khalaj V, Hajiabdolbaghi M, Khaksar Aa, Rasoulinejad M,
Volume 70, Issue 2 (4 2012)
Abstract
Background: Oropharyngeal candidiasis and antifungal drug resistance are major problems in HIV positive patients. The increased reports of antifungal resistance and expanding therapeutic options prompted the determination of antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida species isolates in Iranian patients living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in the present study.
Methods: One hundred fifty oral samples from Iranian HIV positive patients were obtained and cultured on CHROMagar and Sabouraud's dextrose agar. All isolates were identified according to assimilation profile, germ tube, colony color and other conventional methods. Disk diffusion testing and Broth Microdilution of six antifungal agents were performed according to the methods described in CLSI.
Results: Candida albicans (50.2%) was the most frequent isolated yeast, followed by C. glabrata (22%). Non-Candida albicans species were isolated from 71 (61%) positive cultures. 25.7% of Candida albicans isolates were resistant to fluconazole (MIC≥64 µg/ml) as were 21.9% and 16.4% to ketoconazole and clotrimazole (MIC>0.125 µg/ml), respectively. Resistance to polyene antifungals including amphotericin B and nystatin, and caspofungin were scarce. 57.7% of candida glabrata isolates were resistant to fluconazole, 31% to ketoconazole and 35% to clotrimazole.
Conclusion: Screening for antifungal resistant candida isolates by disk diffusion or broth dilution methods in clinical laboratories is an ideal surveillance measure in the management of oral thrush in patients with HIV/AIDS. Although nystatin is widely used in clinical practice for HIV positive patients, there was no evidence of enhanced resistance to it. Regarding no resistance to caspofungin, its administration is suggested.
Mousa Ahmadpour-Kacho, Yadollah Zahed Pasha, Seyed Ahmad Rasoulinejad, Mahmoud Hajiahmadi, Parisa Pourdad ,
Volume 72, Issue 6 (September 2014)
Abstract
Background: Several risk factors like prematurity, hyperoxia, hyperglycemia, duration of mechanical ventilation and supplemental oxygen use have been attributed to the occurrence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in low birth weight infants. Clinical Risk Index for Babies (CRIB) score have been used to assess the severity of the newborn's disease and neonatal mortality. The relation between the CRIB score and the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity is less assessed. This study was carried out to determine the relation between the CRIB score and retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study all preterm infants admitted to NICU from March 2009 to November 2012, with a birth weight less than 1500 grams and gestational age less than 28 weeks and other premature infants with birth weight 1500 to 2000 grams and gestational age 29 to 34 weeks with an unstable clinical condition, were included. The CRIB score was recorded in firs 12 hours of admission to the NICU. Ophthalmologic examination was done by a retinologist unaware of CRIB score. ROP classification was done according to the international classification of ROP. The CRIB score compared with presence or non-presence of ROP and its stage, progression or regression of disease. A P-value less than 0.05 are considered significant.
Results: One hundred and eighty (70%) neonates out of 256 neonates developed ROP. In 124 (68.88%) neonates it resolved spontaneously on serial ophthalmologic examination, but fifty-six (31.11%) neonates were required treatment for ROP which 42 (75%) received Avastin and 14 (25%) neonates treated with Laser.
The Mean±SD for CRIB score in ROP group was 4.79±2.74 and in a group without ROP it was 3.78±2.00 (P=0.004). No correlation was found between the severity of ROP and CRIB score (P=0.152).
Conclusion: The CRIB score can predict the occurrence of ROP, but can't predict its severity and progression or regression.
Mansour Babaei, Mehran Shokri, Seyed Ahmad Rasoulinejad ,
Volume 80, Issue 7 (October 2022)
Abstract
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the presence of ocular symptoms was common in COVID-19 patients, which can cause secondary complications in the treatment of ocular diseases. On the other hand, obesity can cause secondary symptoms in infectious diseases by impairing the function of the immune system, which indicates the relationship between involvement of different tissues and dysfunction of the cellular immune system. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between body indexes (i.e., age, height, weight, and BMI) and the presence of ocular symptoms in patients with COVID-19.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study (from March 2021 to May 2021), ocular symptoms (including blurred vision, epiphora, photophobia, discharge and exudate, redness, pain, and itching of the eyes) and body indexes (age, height, weight and BMI) were evaluated in 108 patients with COVID-19, who were referred to Ayatollah Rouhani hospital, Babol, Iran. The independent t-test and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests were used to examine the data relationship in SPSS software.
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Results: The results showed that the mean body weight in COVID-19 patients with blurred vision was significantly higher than COVID-19 patients without blurred vision (P=0.003, t=-3.056). The mean height of COVID-19 patients with epiphora was significantly lower than the mean height of COVID-19 patients without epiphora (P=0.018, t=2.398). Also, the BMI of COVID-19 patients with epiphora was 30.00 ±4.07 kg/m2, while the BMI of COVID-19 patients without epiphora was 27.68±4.42 kg/m2 (P=0.047, t=0.026). In COVID-19 patients with at least one ocular symptom, height was significantly lower than heigh of COVID-19 patients without any ocular symptoms (P=0.001, t=3.397).
Conclusion: Our results indicate the essential role of obesity in the occurrence of eye symptoms in COVID-19 patients. In this study, it was found that blurred vision, epiphora and the presence of at least one eye symptom in COVID-19 patients were significantly associated with the upward trend of BMI (as an index of obesity).
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