Showing 12 results for Rastegar
A Mirsalehian , N Ebrahimi Daryani , A Sarrafnejad , H Rastegarian ,
Volume 56, Issue 3 (1 1998)
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H.Pylori) is the most common human infection in the world. This agent has a strong role in pathogenesis of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer. Therefore introducing of simple and cost effective tests are important for diagnosis of H.Pylori infections. ELISA has been considered as an alternative test compare with biopsy, histological staining, culture and urease test in diagnosis of H.Pylori infection. In this investigation, 111 patients referred to GI endoscopy department of Imam Khomeini Hospitals for U.G.I problems which were evaluated for H.Pylori infection. Culture and histological staining (GIMSA and H & E) were used as a gold standard test compare with ELISA-IgG and urease test. Sensitivity and specificity for ELISA were 90%, 93% respectively. This report suggests that ELISA is a cost effect and valid test in diagnosis of H.Pylori infection
Sabzevari O, Daliraj A, Mohammadi M, Rastegar H,
Volume 64, Issue 12 (6 2006)
Abstract
Background: Infant formula, depending on the source, contains various fatty acids, which may possess important nutritional and biological value for infants. The presence of some of these fatty acids in infant formula, however, can be harmful and toxic for the infant. In this regard, more attention has been paid to erucic acid since its accumulation in myocardial tissues may cause damage to the heart. Therefore, a limit has been set by the Codex Alimentarius for the presence of erucic acid in infant formula (less than 1% of total fatty acids). The purpose of the present study is to investigate amount of erucic acid present in three infant formulas used predominantly in Iran.
Methods: Gas chromatography (GC) is a valuable method applied for the separation of fatty acids, including erucic acid, from oils and oily food. Three brands of infant formulas, namely Humana, Biomil and Multi, were analyzed by GC using a wall coated open tubular (WCOT) fused silica column and flame ionization detector (FID). Heneicosanoic acid was employed as an internal standard.
Results: The findings showed that Humana and Biomil infant formula samples contained 0.06% and 0.002% erucic acid (from total fatty acids), respectively, while no erucic acid was detected in the Multi infant formula samples.
Conclusion: The amount of erucic acid in the studied infant formulas was far below the Codex limit of 1% total fatty acids.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Molla Aghamirzaei H, Fallah Mehrabadi J, Rastegar Lari A, Sabbaghi A, Eshraghian Mr, Fard Sanei A, Bakhtiari R, Hanafi Abdar M,
Volume 68, Issue 6 (6 2010)
Abstract
Background: Beta- lactamase enzymes are the most important resistant factors to beta lactam antibiotics among gram negative bacteria. Nowadays, the prevalence of beta- lactamase infection is increasing worldwide and drawn the scientists attention as an important subject. Due to high prevalence of bacteria contained TEM beta lactamase and AmpC enzymes, using molecular methods especially designing universal primers could be valuable to detect all of them. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of TEM and AmpC (Dha and MOX) beta- lactamase genes using universal primers.
Methods: A total of 500 clinical specimens from various Hospitals in Tehran, Iran were collected and analyzed for E. coli based on biochemical tests. These clinical specimens were also screened by Disk diffusion agar, combined disk method and PCR to detect the samples producing extended- spectrum beta- lactamase.
Results: Overall 200 isolates of Escherichia coli were collected from the 500 clinical specimens out of which 128(64%) isolates were positive by PCR assay and showed bla- TEM, bla- AmpC (Dha, MOX) genes, 74(57.8%) and 5(3.9%) to have bla- TEM and bla Dha, respectively. Mox gene was not detected in any of the specimens.
Conclusions: Our results revealed that using the molecular methods with phenotype methods is very essential for complete detection of Beta- lactamases. There is the need for updating the treatment protocol because the prevalence of this resistance is increasing.
Ahmadi-Ashtiani Hr, Hekmat-Nazemi N, Rezazadeh Sh, Gholamhoseini B, Baghaei M, Houshang Ehsani A, Rastegar H,
Volume 68, Issue 6 (6 2010)
Abstract
Background: Nowadays skin damages caused by ultraviolet (U.V.) radiation from the sun were increased accordingly necessity for safe and inexpensive protective products for reducing the harmful effects of this ray is unassailable. The antiradical, anti irritation and anti-cancer properties of silymarin make it a suitable option for use in cream formulation to investigate its effect on skin disorders caused by U.V. radiation. In this research effect of local application of a cream containing silymarin in prevention of the harmful effects of U.V. radiation on the guinea pig skin were studied and evaluated by using histopathologic and clinical findings.
Methods: 75 albino guinea pigs were randomly divided into five groups of fifteens. 2cm2 of the back hair was shaven. In the first group no treatment was applied, in the second group vaseline, in group 3 base cream without silymarin extract, in group 4 silymarin extract and in group 5 cream containing silymarin extract were used.
Results: In clinical assessment, skin scaling, skin irregularity, erythema, skin hyperpigmentation, and edema were observed and in histopathological observation epidermal hyper keratosis, hyperpigmentation, exocytosis, acanthosis, chromatin discoloration in nucleus of epidermal squamous cells, perifolliculitis, dermal vascular hyperemia, edema and dermal thickness, infiltration of plasma cell lymphocytes and eosinophyls into dermis were detected. The statistical comparison of group 1 and group 5 shows statistically significant difference in most indices (p<0.01).
Conclusions: Clinical and histopathologic examinations showed that local application of a cream containing silymarin is effective in prevention of skin damage caused by U.V. radiation in guinea pig's skin also the results of the clinical and histopathologic observation in this study confirm the enzymatic results in other researches.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Mobasseri G, Mehrabadi Jf, Eshraghian Mr, Rastegar Lari A, Molla Aghamirzaei H, Sabbaghi A, Azarsa A,
Volume 69, Issue 1 (4 2011)
Abstract
Background: Resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in clinical isolates frequently results
from the production of β-lactamase enzymes. In recent years, the production of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC β-lactamase have greatly increased, especially in clinically isolated Escherichia coli. On the other hand, beta lactamase genes have several subfamilies and designing universal primers could be valuable in their detection. The beta-lactamase-producing E. coli which is resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics may pose a great risk to the patients. The CTX-M-1 gene is responsible for beta lactamase resistance. The purpose of this study was to find the percentage of CTX-M-1 carrying E. coli strains.
Methods: A total of 500 urine samples were collected from different hospitals in Tehran, Iran during September to February 2009. The samples were cultured on EMB agar and incubated at 37 C for 24 hours. Some biochemical tests were carried out on
the isolated samples. The presence of CTX-M-1 gene was determined by PCR on the
isolates already identified phenotypically by disk diffusion agar and combined disks. Results: In general, 200 out of the initial 500 samples were identified as E. coli, among which 128 (79.5%) were ESBLs producing strains. PCR used for the detection of CTX-M-
1 gene, showed that 99 (77.34%) out of 128 isolates contained such gene.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed a high percentage of β-lactamase resistant E. coli strains. This is a serious matter and would pose a public hazard and every step should be taken to avoid such hazard.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Azarsa M, Shirazi Mh, Rastegar Lari A, Owlia P, Fallah Mehrabadi J, Sabbaghi A, Molla Aghamirzaei H, Shamkani F, Avadis Yans S, Mobasseri G, Bakhtiari R, Sharifi Yazdi Mk,
Volume 69, Issue 5 (6 2011)
Abstract
Background: Numerous use of Beta Lactame in treatment of bacterial infections resulted in increments of drug resistance of such bacteria. One of difficulties in treatment of hospital infections is Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) among isolated clinical strains of E.coli. Since some of ESBL strains shows double reaction in drug sensitivity test at in vitro and in vivo condition, therefore it makes difficulties in selection of right treatment. In the last years, CTX-M enzymes have become the most prevalent ESBLs in worldwide. The prevalence of ESBL types largely remains unknown in many parts of the Iran. This study was made to find the prevalence of ESBL-producing E.coli and molecular detection of CTX-M-1 in Tabriz.
Methods: In the present study, 400 urine samples collected between November 2009 and April 2010, from Tabriz Hospitals were studied. Out of the 400 samples, 188 E.coli isolates were detected by standard biochemical tests. Susceptibility to antimicrobial agents was tested to 10 antibiotics by the disk agar diffusion (DAD) method. ESBL production was screened by phenotypic test that included both separate and combined disk agar diffusion techniques. The screened isolates were investigated by PCR assay to detect CTX-M-1 gene.
Results: From the total 188 E.coli isolates, 82 (43.6%) were shown to produce ESBLs by phenotypic test. During the PCR method on the 82 isolates, 69 (84.1%) were confirmed as CTX-M-1 producing group.
Conclusion: The present study showed that CTX-M-producing isolates were increasing among E.coli strains and indicated the need for adequate susceptibility tests in laboratories for choosing the appropriate antibiotics for treatment.
Soltan Dallal Mm, Nikkhahi F, Khirkhah A, Molaei S, Hosseyni Sk, Rastegar Lari A, Rahimi Foroushani A, Khoshzaban A, Kalafi Z,
Volume 69, Issue 10 (5 2012)
Abstract
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Background: Human
amniotic membrane (HAM) forms the inner wall of the membranous sac that surrounds and
protects the embryo during gestation.
The main advantages of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) in the treatment of bacterial
keratitis are its epithelial bandage properties. Previous studies have
documented the presence of some antimicrobial proteins and peptides in amniotic
fluid such as lactoferrin, lysozyme, bactericidal or permeability increasing
protein, calprotectin (MRP8/14 protein complex), LL37, and neutrophil defensins (Human Neutrophil Peptides, HNP
1-3). Furthermore, the amniotic membrane does
not express HLA-A, B, C or DR surface antigens, which may help avoid rejection after its transplantation.
Thus, it can be used as a biological immune barrier. The purpose of this study was
to evaluate the effectiveness of the amniotic membrane's healing properties in
rabbits with pseudomonas keratitis.
Methods : By using an animal model, 14 rabbits were divided into two groups of controls and cases. A syringe was used to inoculate
the corneal stroma of the animals by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853. After 20 hours
pseudomonas keratitis was created and amniotic membrane was transplanted to the
cornea of the case group. The infiltration size were observed on the first, third
and seventh days after the experiment.
Results : Corneal perforation was seen in the controls (P<0.001) but amniotic membrane
prevented perforation in the case group (P=0.02).
Conclusion: Transplantation of
amniotic membrane in the primary stages of pseudomonas keratitis treatment remarkably
prevents corneal perforation and it can be used to control the disease process.
Rahbar Mohammad, Azimi Leila, Mohammad-Zadeh Monaaranak, Alinejad Faranak, Soleymanzadeh Somayeh, Sattarzadeh Mahboobeh, Rastegar Lari Abdolaziz,
Volume 70, Issue 3 (4 2012)
Abstract
Background: The increasing use of β-lactam antibiotics in clinics for the treatment of different bacterial infections since early 1980s has led to increased rates of resistant bacteria isolated from patients. One of the problems in the treatment of nosocomial infections is related to resistant bacteria such as Enterobacter cloacae due to cross resistance through extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing E. cloacae from different clinical specimens collected from hospitalized patients.
Methods: In the present study, 101 E. cloacae confirmed by standard specific microbiologic tests were collected from different specimens in Milad and Motahri hospitals in Tehran, Iran during February 2010 and September 2011. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted according to the process recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute for 13 antibiotics of choice. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing strains were screened for by combined disk method as a phenotypic diagnostic test.
Results: From a total of 101 E. cloacae, 33 (33%) were shown to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase by phenotypic tests 5% of the bacteria were resistant to imipenem too.
Conclusion: This study clearly showed the high prevalence of resistance to broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics in the isolated E. cloacae among which 5% were multi drug resistant. All the isolated E. cloacae were susceptible to Colistin. These results can be alarming for physicians treating resistant E. cloacae infections, especially extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing species.
Akbar Eslami , Mohammad Hossien Saghi , Ayob Rastegar,
Volume 73, Issue 10 (January 2016)
Abstract
Background: Background gamma radiation levels vary in different locations and depended on many factors such as radiation properties of soil, building materials as well as construction types which human lives on it. People are always exposed to ionizing radiation, which could badly influence their health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the background gamma-ray dose rate and the estimated annual effective dose equivalent and determination of excess lifetime cancer risk in Sabzevar City, Iran.
Methods: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the dose rate of background gamma radiation in outdoor an indoor areas, 26 stations were selected using the map of the Sabzevar City. The amount of gamma radiation was measured at 4 months (September to January) in 2014 year. The dosimeter used in this study was a survey meter, that is designed for monitoring radiation of x, gamma and beta rays.
Results: The obtained results show that there are significant differences between the indoor and outdoor exposures (P> 0.05). We did not observe significant differences between the time of sampling and sampling locations, (P<0.05). The minimum and maximum values of dose rate were found 66±20 nSvh-1 and 198±28 nSvh-1. The annual effective dose for Sabzevar residents was estimated to be 0.85 mSv and also the amount of excess lifetime cancer risk was estimated 3.39×10-3.
Conclusion: According to the results, the excess lifetime cancer risk and the annual effective dose for the Sabzavar City residents due to the background gamma radiation was higher than the global average (0.5 mSv). The epidemiological studies have been proposed to evaluate the risk of chronic diseases associated with natural radiation exposure among residents.
Ahmad Jonoidi Jafari , Ayoob Rastegar, Milad Nazarzadeh,
Volume 76, Issue 10 (January 2019)
Abstract
Background: Hookah smoking has been growing among people because consumers believe that smoking in the form of hookahs has lesser health effects than cigarettes. However, recent reports showed that water pipe smoking (WSP) increased heart rate, blood pressure, impaired pulmonary function and carbon monoxide intoxication. Chronic bronchitis, emphysema and coronary artery disease are serious problems of long-term use of this kind of smoking. Lung, gastric and esophageal cancers are associated with WPS, as well as periodontal disease, and obstetrical complications. Hence purpose of this study was to survey the relationship between lung cancer and tobacco consumption in the form of hookah through meta-analysis.
Methods: In this meta-analysis study we conducted an electronically search in databases PubMed, MEDLINE and EMBASE to find relevant articles regarding the adverse effects of hookah smoking, using the terms ‘water pipe’ and its synonyms (hookah, shisha, goza, narghileh, arghileh and hubble-bubble) in various spellings in Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran from January to May 2017. All articles including Cohort and case-control studies published between 1980 and 2017 and conducted in the world were included without restriction regarding publication language. The cross-sectional studies, case reports, conference abstracts, reviews and studies not conducted on humans were excluded. The article selection process and data extraction were performed by two independent investigators. The articles were evaluated using odds ratios, heterogeneity and distribution models.
Results: In this study, 120 articles related to the effect of hookah smoke on health were found. Of these articles, there were 9 articles related to the effect of hookah smoke on lung cancer. The results showed that hookah smoking could increases the risk of lung cancer with a chance ratio of 3.72 and a confidence interval of 4.85-2.60. Heterogeneity and distribution were not observed among selected articles.
Conclusion: There is accumulating evidence about the association of water pipe tobacco smoking with of lung cancer, which increases the risk of lung cancer due to water pipe tobacco smoking consumption.
Tahere Abbasi Moayyer, Aziz Ghahhari,, Tayebeh Rastegar, Fateme Malek, Farzane Rezaei Yazdi, Kamyar Ghaffari Dafchahi, Nasrin Takzaree,
Volume 80, Issue 3 (June 2022)
Abstract
Background: One of the most important issues in medical science is the healing of burn wounds. The use of medicinal plants has been common for many years and today cell therapy offers new approaches to the management of skin wound healing. The present study aimed to evaluate the the combination treatment of lotion containing honey, Aloe, and propolis with BM-MSCs in the healing of second-degree burns in animal models.
Methods: this experimental study from October 2020 to November 2020, was performed in the animal house of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. 72 rats with an age range of 3-4 months and a weight of about 200-250 gr, after burns were randomly divided into 6 groups of 12 with study periods of 7, 14 and 21 days. The groups were as following: control (no treatment), Positive control (SSD1%), First experimental (Stem cells), Second experimental(lotion), Third experimental(Stem cells and lotion), and Fourth experimental (DMEM). To measure the percentage of healing from the wound surface on days 0, 4, 7, 10, 14, 17, and 21 photos were taken and the wound surface area was calculated by Image J software. After sacrificing rats, tissue samples were taken on days 7, 14 and 21 after burning induction. Samples were prepared for staining H&E and Trichrome Masson’s, as well as RT-PCR examination. The results were analyzed using Graph Pad Prism8 software and Tukey and one-way variance tests.
Results: Treatment preference was with the combination therapy group and then with the lotion group. According to macroscopic and microscopic images of H&E and Trichrome Mason, the highest amount of wound coverage and the presence of mature collagen fibers were also observed in the combination therapy group. The results of statistical analysis and scoring also showed increased epithelization, granulation tissue formation, collagen deposition, angiogenesis and fibroblast cell proliferation, and decreased inflammation in the combination therapy group. The combination therapy group also had the highest expression of the TGF-β gene. (P<0/05)
Conclusion: Due to its epithelialization, anti-inflammatory and angiogenesis properties, the lotion has healing properties in second-degree burn wounds and its simultaneous use with mesenchymal stem cells leads to healing and acceleration of burn wound healing.
Taibe Ruenifard, Ali Oghazyan, Mohammad Hossien Saghi , Mahdi Ghorbanian , Ayoob Rastegar, Shahram Nazari ,
Volume 81, Issue 4 (July 2023)
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks of heavy metals in seven types of tobacco widely consumed in the east of the country through inhalation exposure.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted from April 2022 to October 2022 in the city of Bojnord, Iran on sook of seven popular tobacco brands. Metal concentrations in sook of tobacco were determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. In order to analyze the data and ensure the accuracy of the results, the amount of metals in the samples was repeated three times, and their average was analyzed. Monte Carlo software was used to assess possible risks.
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Results: The results of this study showed heavy metal concentrations in sook tobaccos were, respectively, Fe>Zn>Mn>Ba>Pb>Ni>Cu>Mo>Cr>As>Cd. The concentration of heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium and molybdenum in Alrah brand tobacco was higher than other types of tobacco. So that the amounts of heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium and molybdenum for this brand were 14.2±0.05, 10.4±0.06 and 11.6±0.04 micrograms per gram, respectively. The hazard index (HI) values for different types of tobacco, including Al-Rah, Amordadsub, Al-Fakher, Al-Rubi, Mazaya, traditional flavorless, and Nakhle, were 2.64, 2.41, 2.05, 1.7, 1.49, 1.46, and 1.44, respectively. The lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) for Amordadsub, Al-Rah, Nakhla, Mazaya, Al-Rubi, Al-Fakher, and traditional flavorless tobaccos was 2.8×10-3, 2.43×10-3, 1.72×10-3, 1.58×10-3, 1.43×10-3, 9.58×10-4, and 8.08×10-4, respectively. Lead in Alrah tobacco sook had the highest non-carcinogenic risk value with a value of 1.59.
Conclusion: According to the obtained results, Alrah tobacco sook has a higher cancer and non-cancer risk than regular tobacco and can cause non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks for consumers. Thus, it is necessary to regularly monitor the quality of prevalent tobacco to reduce delete human health risks.
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