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Showing 3 results for Ravasi
The acute effects of intermittent treadmill running on hunger and plasma acylated ghrelin concentration in individuals with obesity
Gholipour M, Kordi Mr, Taghikhani M, Ravasi Aa, Gaeini Aa, Tabrizi A,
Volume 69, Issue 2 (5 2011)
Abstract
Background: Body weight is regulated by both food intake and energy expenditure. Ghrelin, a hormone produced by the stomach and pancreas, enhances appetite. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of intermittent treadmill running on acylated ghrelin and appetite in individuals with obesity. Methods: Nine inactive male students, with a mean age of 20.56±0.48 yrs, a body mass index of 32.68±0.84 kg/m2 and a maximum oxygen uptake of 34.21±1.48 ml/kg/min, participated in the study in two trials (control and exercise) in a counterbalanced, randomized design. The protocol included intermittent running with a constant intensity at 65% of VO2 max on a treadmill. Blood samples were collected before, during, and 2h after cessation of the exercise. Results: Acylated ghrelin concentrations and hunger ratings decreased significantly in the second phase and remained lower than baseline (P=0.006 and P=0.002, respectively) at the end of the exercise. The total area under the curve values and hunger ratings (all P<0.0005) were significantly lower in the exercise trial compared with the control state. Similarly, growth hormone rose significantly at the second phase and remained higher than baseline (P=0.033) at the end of the exercise trial. Conclusion: These findings indicate that acylated ghrelin and appetite are reduced by running at 65% of VO2 max and remain lower than baseline even two hours afterwards in individuals with obesity. Growth hormone seems to be more responsible for this suppression. Further studies are required to investigate whether this protocol could elicit the same effects in short-term training programs.
Changes in ACTN3 gene expression and fiber type composition in flexor hallucis longus muscle after eight weeks progressive resistance training in Sprague-Dawley rats
Gaeini Aa, Khaledi N, Fayazmilani R, Ravasi A, Sedghroohi G, Arabkari V,
Volume 71, Issue 1 (4 2013)
Abstract

Background: Alpha-actinins are located in the skeletal muscle Z-line and form actin–actin cross-links. It belongs to a highly conserved family of actin-binding proteins- the spectrin superfamily, which also contains the spectrins and dystrophin. Mammalian skeletal muscle has two isoforms: alpha-actinins-2 and alpha-actinins-3. However, the response of alpha-actinins to exercise training is little understood. This study examined the effects of 8 weeks of resistance training on muscle mass, ACTN3 (alpha-actinins-3) gene expression levels and fiber type composition in the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscle.
Methods: Forty five female Sprague-Dawley rats (Initial body mass: 169.25±9gr age: 3 month) were obtained and assigned to a control (C n=18) or exercise training (T n=22) and pilot (P n=5) groups. The resistance training consisted of climbing a ladder carry-ing a load suspended from the tail and the weight increased progressively. Real-time PCR and Immunohistochemistry techniques were used to measure gene expression leve-ls and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) composition, respectively.
Results: Following 8 weeks of training, we observed significant increase in absolute muscle mass in FHL (P=0.01). Results showed that no significant difference was found in ACTN3 gene expression levels between training and control groups (P=0.852 respecti-vely). Also, Pearson coefficient didn't indicated any significant relationships in gene expression and Fiber type IIX in response to resistance training in FHL (r=0.12).
Conclusion: However, resistance training effects on sarcomeric proteins development, these results showed no effect of resistance training on alpha-actinins-3 levels. Althou-gh alpha-actinins-3 has an important function to produce and progress of force in sarco-mere, but didn't changed significantly in response to resistance training.


Effect of interval and continuous training exercises after high-fat diet on liver X receptor alpha gene expression
Mohsen Jafari , Ali Asghar Ravasi ,
Volume 78, Issue 1 (April 2020)
Abstract
Background: A group of adenosine triphosphate binding cassette transporter (ABCs) including ABCA1, ABCG1, ABCG4, ABCG5 and, ABCG8 induce cholesterol efflux from the cell and thereby are target genes in prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. ABCA1, ABCG5 and, ABCG8 genes are activated by liver X receptor (LXR) and liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1) that play essential roles in metabolic processes related to cholesterol metabolism. Oxysterols that are derivatives of cholesterol, or by-products of cholesterol biosynthesis that contain additional oxygen functions as hydroxyl, carbonyl, or epoxide groups, are LXR ligands; thus, LXR and LRH-1 are cell cholesterol sensors. LXRs are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate the metabolism of several genes related to lipids, cholesterol, and bile acids and their activity is effective in the prevention of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks high-intensity interval training (HIT) and low-intensity continuous training (LIT) after high-fat diet on LXRα gene expression in male Wistar rats.
Methods: This experimental study was done in two phases of obesity induction and training exercises. The rats after 13 weeks of high-fat diet (40% lipid) assigned in 3 groups of control (with high-fat diet) (N=5), HIT training (with high-fat diet) (N=5) and LIT training (with high fat diet) (N=5). For statistical analysis, the one-way ANOVA and the least significant difference (LSD) post-hoc tests were used for comparison of groups. The duration of exercises was 12 weeks (5 sessions per week). The research was done in the Sport Sciences Research Institute of Shahid Mirghani, Gorgan City, Iran, from December 2018 to July 2019.
Results: Results showed significant differences of LXRα gene expression between groups (P≤0.05), as highest levels of LXRα gene expression were in HIT group and its lowest levels were in control group.
Conclusion: In summary, results showed that 12 weeks high-intensity interval training (HIT) and low-intensity continuous training after 13 weeks high-fat diet increased LXRα gene expression that may be a predictive mechanism for atherosclerosis especially in obese persons. Also, HIT training was more effective in elevation of LXRα gene expression.

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