Showing 10 results for Rokn
Gh Mohamad-Khani, A Molasadeghi Roknabadi, H Majidi, Z Jafari, S Asadmalayeri, Sh Jalaee, N Noorbakhsh,
Volume 64, Issue 1 (30 2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Auditory and visual stimuli are the most important factors in communication. It seems during the brain maturation, decrease of visual inputs causes enhancement of somatosensory and auditory cortical responses. In this research latency and amplitude of auditory middle latency responses (AMLR) are studied in blinds and normally sighted subjects.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 40 congenitally blinds and 40 normally sighted subjects in the range of 14-20 years. All of cases had normal hearing sensitivity and acoustic reflexes without any middle ear disorders. The reason of this age range is the maturation of auditory middle latency responses. Sampling was randomized.
Results: There was significant difference between amplitude of Na, Pa & Nb waves and latency of Na while no significant difference between latency of Pa & Nb in blinds and normally sighted subjects.
Conclusion: Increase of amplitude and decrease of latency of AMLR in blind subjects were due to sensory compensation phenomenon, probably. It seems rate of processing and auditory perception in blinds is better than normally sighted subjects.
Jafari S, Soltanpour F, Soudbakhsh A, Safavi E, Rokni Yazdi H, Navipour R, Hajizadeh E,
Volume 64, Issue 8 (13 2006)
Abstract
Background: Community-acquired pneumonia could be a life-threatening condition especially in elderly patients. The factors influencing the outcome in elderly patients are thought to be different from those in young adults. We compared the clinical and paraclinical profiles in elderly and nonelderly patients with community-acquired pneumonias.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, seventy nine patients who were hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia over a period of one year were included. Patients' medical records were reviewed and data related to comorbid conditions, signs and symptoms, laboratory and radiographic findings were gathered using a checklist.
Results: The clinical features, laboratory parameters and complications from pneumonia were almost similar in 41 elderly (group I, age ≥65years) and 38 young (group II, age<65years) subjects. Delirium was seen more in elderly group (p=0.05). The average body temperature and pulse rate were significantly higher in nonelderly group. Sixty one percent of elderly patients and 21% of young patients have Po2 less than 60 (p=0.02). Smoking (29.1%), neurological disturbances (19%), congestive heart failure (15.2%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes mellitus (13.9%) were associated comorbidities in both groups. In non elderly group, immune compromise and IV drug use were more common as underlying comorbid conditions. Two of three mortalities were due to elder patients.
Conclusion: Community acquired pneumonia could have more serious clinical and abnormal laboratory features in the elderly than younger patients. Mortality rate may be higher in older patients. Comorbid conditions are frequently seen in both elderly and nonelderly patients with community acquired pneumonia, but IV drug use and immune compromise are more frequent in nonelderly patients.
Rokniye Yazdi H, Shirmohammadi M,
Volume 66, Issue 2 (1 2008)
Abstract
Background: Cirrhosis and portal hypertension influence the hepatic circulation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of liver Doppler ultrasonography parameters in cirrhosis.
Methods: This case-control study involved 118 subjects. All case subjects had biopsy-proven hepatic cirrhosis. The controls were healthy people, case-matched for age and gender. All cases and controls underwent Doppler ultrasonographic evaluation. We compared the area under the ROC curve of each parameter for cases vs. controls using Fisher's exact test, with p <0.5 indicating significance.
Results: The means of the following parameters for case vs. control subjects were: frequency of portal venous flow inversion, portal vein diameter 12.67±2.72 vs. 10.59±1.69, and hepatic arterial resistance index 0.81±0.07 vs. 0.74±0.09. The mean hepatic artery pulsatility index (1.87±0.48 vs. 1.34±0.23), was significantly higher among the case subjects (P=0.001). The maximum flow rate of the portal vein was also significantly lower in the case subjects (16.50±5.59 vs. 36.74±8.74 cm/s, P=0.001). We did not observe significant differences in the means of the hepatic artery maximum flow rate and end-diastolic flow rate. For diagnosing cirrhosis, the application of 24.1 cm/s as the cutoff point for the portal vein maximum flow rate, we obtain an accuracy of 95.45% (91.23%-97.70%, CI=95%), whereas a cutoff point of 1.54 or more for the hepatic artery pulsatility index yields an accuracy of 85.71% (79.48%-90.29%, CI=95%). Utilizing a hepatic arterial resistance index of 0.765 or greater is associated with an accuracy of 71.05% (62.81%-78.11%, CI=95%) in diagnosing cirrhosis.
Conclusions: Doppler ultrasonography and assessment of hepatic artery and portal vein parameters are accurate methods in the diagnosis of cirrhosis.
Khazardoost S, Noorzadeh M, Abdollahi A, Mirrokni Sm,
Volume 68, Issue 5 (6 2010)
Abstract
Background: Preeclampsia, a specific syndrome in pregnancy, may summits mortality or morbidity in mother and fetus. Diagnostic methods are based on 24 hours urine protein measures which may be tedious, thus it is desirable to apply a faster and more applicable method for this goal. In this study we evaluate measurement of 8-hours urine protein in order to estimate 24-hours urine protein measure.
Methods: Fifty pregnant women were entered in a cross sectional study in Vali-e-asr hospital located in Tehran- Iran, during 2008-2009. A urine sample was given after 8-hours and urine volume as well as protein levels were calculated and compared with the same values of 24-hours urine measures. Other necessary data was obtained by history taking and physical examination as well as using patient's medical records.
Results: Mean of age was 27.5±5.4 years and mean of gestational age was 30.5±4 weeks. Mean of urine protein in 8 and 24 hours urine protein were 79±119 and 532±1218 mg respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 8 hours urine protein were 61%, 98%, 88% and 90% respectively, in order to diagnosis of 24 hours urine protein to consider cut off point 105 mg for 8 hours urine protein. Mean protein levels were significantly higher in group with proteinuria ≥300 mg/24h in these two types of urine samples (p< 0.001).
Conclusion: Sensitivity of 8-hours urine protein is low but its specificity is suitable for normal mothers. We offer measuring of 8-hours urine protein as a valuable method for diagnosis of preeclampsia.
Farahnak Mr, Mirrokni Sm,
Volume 68, Issue 6 (6 2010)
Abstract
Background: Teratomas are tumors consisting of tissues derived from more than one germ cell line. Teratomas arise, most commonly in anterior mediastinum. Intrapulmonary Teratoma are among the rarest tumors encountered in pathology, in other words they are exceedingly uncommon, with only less than 100 cases documented by 1939.
Case presentation: We describe a 19-year-old woman with a short history of retrosternal chest pain and non-productive cough due to a benign intrapulmonary mature teratoma originating from the right upper and middle lobes. The clinical, imagings and pathological features of this rare tumor are presented and the relevant literatures are discussed.
Conclusions: Intrapulmonary teratomas are rare tumors. They originate from the third pharyngeal pouch and present as cystic lesions in the majority of cases. Histologically, benign teratomas comprise of two or three primordial layers. Patients present with chest pain, dyspnea, cough, hemoptysis and trichoptysis. Any Intrapulmonary teratoma should be resected due to its potential for malignancy and rupture.
Asgari M, Mirrokni Sm,
Volume 68, Issue 9 (6 2010)
Abstract
Background: Botulinum
toxin (Dysport) is a powerful semi-biological toxin. It has proved to be a
remarkable therapeutic agent for treatment of benign anal disorders. Different
results have been achieved from injection of botulinum toxin in order to
treatment of anal fissure since 1993. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of
botulinum toxin injection in the treatment of chronic anal fissure Comparing
with lateral internal anal sphincterotomy (LIS).
Methods: 36 patients
entered into two groups, Dysport injection and Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy,
randomly. Dysport group were treated by injection of 50 units of
botulinum toxin, 25 units of drugs in each side, and LIS was done in
surgery group by open method in left side. Pain, recovery and incontinency were
compared between two groups during six months of follow up.
Results: Based on this study,
treatment of anal fissure does not affected by age and gender. Regarding to
location of fissure, there was no difference between two different genders. Mean of age and ratio of gender were similar in both
groups. The severity of pain in surgery group was lower than Dysport group six
months after treatment (0.4±0.7 and 3.2±2.6 respectively, p<0.001). Recovery ratio in surgery group was higher than Dysport after six
months (95% Vs. 44.4% p<0.001). Gas or fecal incontinency did not reported after
six months in both groups.
Conclusion: Botulinum toxin is not efficacious in patients
with chronic anal fissure, comparing with LIS. More future studies are necessary for final judgement.
Ostadian N, Mirrokni Sm, Noorzadeh M,
Volume 68, Issue 11 (4 2011)
Abstract
Background: Simple cysts of pancreas are smaller than complex ones and are more likely to be located at the distal tail of the pancreas. Simple cysts are often asymptomatic and can be managed conservatively by observation. There seems to be few clinical trials to suggest the best treatments method for large symptomatic cysts of pancreas located at the head of the organ.
Case presentation: In this report, we describe an eight-year old boy with a large symptomatic true cyst at the head of the pancreas who was successfully treated by enucleation of the cyst, instead of the Whipple's procedure, without any ensuing complications.
Conclusion: Regarding the rarity of simple cysts in the pancreas, lack of studies to compare different surgical procedures and suggest the best methods to treat them and the considerable morbidity and even mortality of major surgeries (e.g Whipple's procedure) enucleation of these cysts seem to be appropriate for treating them with no early or late complications. More studies are needed to warrant the results of this report.
Farid Suleimani Mohammadi , Abbas Rahimi Foroushani , Mohsen Rokni , Mohammad Farahmand , Kazem Ahmadi Kia , Azadeh Shadab , Hamidreza Ahmadkhaniha, Jila Yavarian ,
Volume 74, Issue 11 (February 2017)
Abstract
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Background: Schizophrenia (SC) and bipolar disorder (BD) are two chronic psychiatric illnesses with worldwide distribution. People could be involved at any age, particularly in early adolescence. Main symptoms of SC are non- affective symptoms such as auditory hallucination and illogical thinking. In contrast, BD represents affective symptoms such as depression and mania. Although the main cause of these mood disorders has been remained elusive, there are some potential contributing factors that could be considered in the pathogenesis of mentioned illnesses including, genetic and environmental factors. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the probable contributing factors in SC and BD. CMV is a prototype of herpesviridae family which may infect different cell types such as endothelial and differentiated hematopoietic cells. CMV infections in immunocompromised patients as well as congenitally infected children represent CNS complication such as microcephaly and hearing loss. This virus has capability to impair the limbic structures in brain.
Methods: This descriptive study was designed to evaluate the role of CMV in these illnesses. We investigated the level of serum IgG antibody and the presence of CMV DNA in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) samples of 46 SC and BD patients admitted to Iran Psychiatry Hospital Tehran, Iran from 2014 to 2015 as well as 46 healthy control groups at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. First, the level of CMV IgG antibody was evaluated in serum samples, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Then, DNA extraction conducted by using the high pure viral nucleic acid kit (Roche, Germany). Serologically positive sera along with PBMC samples were tested by Real-time PCR, to investigate the presence of CMV DNA.
Results: Results indicated higher levels of CMV IgG antibody in psychiatric patients, compared with a healthy control group. Afterward, we did not observe the presence of CMV DNA in either case or control groups.
Conclusion: According to the CNS impairment mediated by CMV infection, this virus has been supposed to play an important role in pathogenesis of mental disorders such as SC and BD. We suggest further investigation to be conducted, particularly on other samples such as cerebrospinal fluid.
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Mohsen Haghshenas Mojaveri , Zahra Akbarian Rad , Zeynab Shafipour , Somayeh Alizadeh Rokni , Fatemeh Valizadeh ,
Volume 75, Issue 11 (February 2018)
Abstract
Background: One of the important effects of kangaroo mother care (KMC) in preterm baby is improvement in weight gain and so shortening in hospitalization, but it is not clear that how long of kangaroo mother care is effective in weight gain. The aim of this study was to determine the least effective duration of kangaroo mother care in weight gain in very low birth weights.
Methods: Preterm babies with birth weight less than 1500 gr, without chronic cardiopulmonary disease, congenital anomaly and other medical problem when receiving to 140 ml/kg/d enteral feeding enrolled the study. KMC was started when the baby has been stabled, on the mother’s appetency and ability at bedside. The mean daily weight gain in KMC period was compared with expected that (15 mg/kg/d) for the same baby. The babies with KMC≥ 7 days were divided in three groups on the basis of mean daily KMC duration (< 30 min, 30-60 min and> 60). Statistical study performed by using SPSS software, version 22 (IBM SPSS, Armonk, NY, USA) and P values of less than 0.05 were considered to be significant.
Results: In this study, 103 preterm baby (47 boys, 56 girls) less than 1500 gr were enrolled, with mean birth weight 1107.85±190.87 gr. Mean weight gain of boys in KMC period and expected that were 324.78±162.66 gr Vs. 127.46±54.66 gr (P< 0.001). In eighty-seven babies who received KMC (7-40 days) mean daily weight gain was 26.69±15.55 gr (P< 0.001). Mean weight gain in KMC period for group with< 30 min (n=19), 402.63±126.29 gr Vs. 167.21±74.20 (P< 0.001), group with 30-60 min (n=54) were 338.79±182.60 gr Vs. 220.36±66.98 (P< 0.001) and group with 60< (n=14) 352.14±236.02 gr Vs. 259.96±112.23 (P= 0.09).
Conclusion: On the basis of this study KMC less than 1 hour per day is effective in weight gain of very low birth weight preterm babies.
Ghasem Janbabai, Amir Hashem Shahidi Bonjar , Abtin Heidarzadeh, Mahdi Shadnoush , Ghasem Sadeghi, Mohsen Dalband, Amir Reza Rokn, Hamid Samadzadeh, Ali Tajernia, Said Sai, Reza Masaeli, Gholamreza Heydari, Ali Yazdani , Behzad Houshmand ,
Volume 79, Issue 2 (May 2021)
Abstract
Background: The advent of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (so-called SARS-CoV-2) causing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (so-called COVID-19) occurred in Dec. 2019 in Wuhan, China. Having an inconceivable worldwide contagion, the outbreak was labeled a pandemic by the WHO. Dental services and related professions (including dentists, dental assistants, dental hygienists and the personnel of cleansing, remedial, triage, dental laboratories, radiographic laboratories and other related paraclinicals), facing galore aerosol and droplets, are in the topmost risk groups exposed to the queer virus. This study was fulfilled to round up evidence-based data to break a link at any part of the virus transmission chain in dental services and related professions.
Methods: Relevant online databases, as PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar and TripDatabase were searched meticulously and evaluated for relevant published original research papers. Subsequently, to fulfill the investigation, ADA, CDC and WHO websites were reviewed to gain relevant guidelines and protocols. Consequently, 476 resources were included considering the canonical inclusion criteria. For the sake of quality assessment of the resources, an authentic checklist was exploited to score the resources from 1 to 15, wherein the admissible score was 10. After deliberation of resources, 366 of them were excluded and finally, 110 resources were selected and overhauled to attain a comprehensive perception on the subject of the investigation.
Results: Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 includes direct transmission (via droplet and aerosol inhalation) and indirect transmission (via surface and instrument contamination), which can amply occur in dental services and related professions. Therefore, an all-inclusive evidence-based miscellany was rallied on several exigent topics, containing genuine esteem in reputable scientific authorities, to present a consummate report for the dental clinicians and related practitioners, working in the course of the running pandemic.
Conclusion: Contemplating the ongoing crisis, undertaking a set of miscellany elected guidelines and protocols, is indispensable in this vital interval of history to bridle the current pandemic, which has been abridged via this systematic perusal. |
