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Showing 20 results for Rostami
Study of chemiluminescence of leukocytes in Insulin dependent diabetic patients
Pajoohi M, Bastan Hagh Mh, Rajab A, Masoud A, Rostami M,
Volume 58, Issue 3 (7 2000)
Abstract
Infection is one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. It has been reported that poorly controlled patients are more susceptible to infection, hence we examined the chemiluminescence of leukocytes from Insulin dependent diabetic patients in response to a soluble (Phorbol meristate acetate) and particular stimulus (Opsonized zymosan). The patients were divided into 2 separate groups, only controlled and well controlled, in regard to their blood glucose. Using PMA as a stimulus leukocytes from both groups, patients showed no significant difference comparing with healthy controls, but that of the 2 groups of patients were significantly different (P<0.05). When opsonized zymosan was used as the stimulus, no statistically significant difference was observed between all of the coupled groups. However, the chemiluminescence of leukocytes from poorly controlled patients was lower than the other groups.
Effect Of Fasting And Vegetarian Diet On The Improvement Of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Khalvat A, Rostamian A,
Volume 63, Issue 4 (13 2005)
Abstract
Background: The high incidence of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), the conventional treatments and the experimental observations have shown that by taking particular foods or omitting some foods form ordinary diet, the disease symptoms of the patients reduce. The interesting point is that fasting lowers the objective and subjective indexes of disease activities in most patients who suffer from rheumatoid arthritis. The effects of a short-time fast and subsequent vegetarian diets for one year, on the rheumatoid arthritis patients were studied in this research.
Materials and Methods: 52 patients (40 females and 12 males) with definite rheumatoid arthritis, based on the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria were selected and duly studied with single blind method. 28 patients were selected after one month fasting at Ramadan. From the tenth day, a vegetarian diet was prescribed for them. This diet was continued for three moths. After three moths, the diet was changed to a combination of milk, vegetables and fruits. Two of the patients left the study at the end of Ramadan. A group of 24 non-fasting patients with ordinary food diet were selected as control group.
Results: In the patients subject of study (with the average age of 39+14.5) and average 36 months disease, after four weeks of fasting under vegetarian diet, significant improvement was found in many of their disease indexes based on ACR criteria, such as joint pain and joint swelling, length of morning stiffness and responds to a health evaluation questionnaires. These suitable effects have still remained the same after one year. With respect to the findings, it is concluded that fasting and a changed diet had left significant effects on all calculated indexes. Although short time fasting had suitable effects in most patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, almost in all cases, the disease recurred when the patient returned to his/her ordinary food diet.
Conclusion: The results of the study show that the patient’s improvement can continue through selecting a type of food diet and based on a regulated diet, the rheumatoid arthritis activities decrease. It is suggested to set a tolerable food diet for the rheumatoid arthritis patients and those foods, which involve in the disease, should be omitted or at least, balanced.
Hepatobiliary dysfunction in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Daryani E.b.n , Jafari Sepehr A.h, Tajik Rostami M, Bashasti M,
Volume 64, Issue 7 (9 2006)
Abstract
A high percent of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) experience non intestinal symptoms. Many studies demonstrated that hepatobiliary disorders are the most common. Corresponding disorders consist of primary sclerosing cholangitis, non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), biliary stones, pericholangitis, autoimmune hepatitis, liver amyloidosis, liver abscess, liver granuloma, hepatocellular carcinoma and primary biliary cirrhosis. However most studies concentrate on identifying primary sclerosing cholangitis, the most dreadful complication of IBD, other disorders like NASH and biliary stones are common and because of the similarity of symptoms to the primary disease may be ignored. In this article we review these disorders.
The accuracy of clinical diagnosis of discal sciatic neuralgia at construction labors: a comparison study
Khalvat A, Rostamian A, Najafizadeh R,
Volume 64, Issue 9 (1 2006)
Abstract

Background: Mechanical low back pain (L.B.P) is most common in middle-aged people especially in developing countries and the symptom compromises routine life activities of the patients. Disk herniation is the most frequent cause of LBP. The less costly way for diagnosing the cause of LBP is performing a careful physical examinations. This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of clinical diagnosis of the cause of Discal Sciatic Neuralgia at Construction Labors in comparison to MRI as the gold standard.

Methods: In a descriptive- analytic study 60 middle-aged professional construction workers were evaluated. Their age range was 25-45 years old and all of them had the complaint of mechanical LBP. Medical history was taken and all cases under went a cautious physical examination. The presence of disk herniation between L4-L5 orL5-S1 was recorded according to clinical signs and symptoms. Lumbosacral MRI was performed for all cases and the results were compared to clinical data.

Results: The clinical diagnosis of presence and severity of pathology was confirmed by MRI in all stages of discopathy in L5-S1 and L4-L5 vertebrae (sensitivity= 100%).

Conclusion: This study showed that careful physical examinations will be sufficient for the sciatic neuralgia diagnosis and even the staging of disk herniation can be performed clinically. Requesting MRI as an expensive procedure is not recommended for diagnosis of Discal sciatic neuralgia because of feasibility of the cost effective way of precise physical examination.


The comparison between monotherapy and combination therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Khalvat A, Rostamian A, Najafizadeh S.r, Meisami A.p,
Volume 64, Issue 11 (7 2006)
Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory condition. The condition can affected many tissues throught out the body, but the joints are usually most severely affected. The high incidence of RA, the conventional treatments and the experimental observation have shown by combination therapy, the disease symptoms of the patients reduce. To compare the efficacy and tolerability of single-agent Hydroxychloroquin (HCQ) with combination therapies composed of (HCQ) and Methotrexate (MTX) and (HCQ), (MTX) and Sulfasalazin (SSZ) in active rheumatoid arthritis patients with additive arthritis.
Methods: One hundred and twenty RA patients with active arthritis (male/female: 30/90) who were treated in rheumatology clinic between 2003 and 2005 were enrolled in this trial. Patients treated with (HCQ) alone(200 mg/day)were include in group (I), patients treated with combination of (HCQ) (200 mg/day)and (MTX) (7.5mg/week)in group (II),and patents treated with combination of (HCQ) (200mg/day),(MTX) (7.5mg/week)and (SSZ)(1 gr/day)in group (III), Forty patients (male/female:10/30) in group (I),(II) and (III)were eligible for statistical analysis at the end of study. Changes in variable were compared by the T-test.
Results: The combination of (MTX), (HCQ)and (SSZ) and the combination of (MTX) and (HCQ) were more effective regarding the clinical and laboratory parameters than (HCQ) alone (P<0.05). Moreover the combination of (MTX), (HCQ) and (SSZ) was more effective than the combination of (MTX) and (HCQ) (P<0.05). Combination therapies seem to be more effective and no more toxic than monotherapy in RA patients with additive arthritis.
Conclusion: Combination therapy with methotrexate, hydroxychloroquin and sulfasalazin is more effective than hydroxychloroquin alone or a combination of methotrexate and hydroxychloroquin in RA. We suggest starting combination therapy for the patients with early RA, when the diagnosis has been established.
Evaluation of Rheumatoid Factor using ELISA versus Latex method: a cross sectional study
Khalvat A, Rostamian A, Najafizadeh S R, Movasseghi S,
Volume 65, Issue 11 (1 2008)
Abstract

Background: Rheumatoid factor (RF) is an IgM antibody against the Fc portion of IgG, which together form an immune complex. RF is an important criterion in the diagnosis of early-stage rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and prognosis of RA pathogenesis, as higher levels of RF indicate a higher possibility of more damage. Although 2/3 to 3/4 of patients that undergo ordinary standard tests and have final clinical diagnosis are also positive for RF, a 70-90% prevalence of RF among RA patients can be achieved, depending on the method of detection and the target antibody, IgG or IgM. In this study, we measured the frequency of IgG and IgM RF isotypes using the ELISA and latex agglutination methods and compare these results with those of a hospital control group, tested using standard methods, in order to determine the best method for the measurement of RF.

Methods: Of the patients referred to the Rheumatology Clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital during 2005-2006, one hundred randomly selected rheumatoid arthritis patients, 75 females and 25 males, with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis (defined by the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology), with a short disease duration of 12-24 months, underwent testing for RF using the latex method for IgM and ELISA for IgM-IgG. The healthy control group (75 females and 25 males) were tested for RF using the ELISA method for IgM-IgG. The variables were compared using the Pearson's chi-square test.

Results: We found that the measurement of RF among RA patients using did not differ significantly between the two methods. The immune complex in RA is mainly IgM. The positive IgM results in RF patients using two similar methods showed a significant relationship by Pearson's correlation co-efficient (r=0.60, p<0.001). In addition, comparison of the IgM and IgG RF by ELISA showed a weak correlation with low significance (r=0.10, p<0.001). In sum, this study showed a significant difference (r=0.24, p<0.001) between the IgM in RA patients and that in healthy people, who had no IgM or IgG RF.

Conclusion: Approximately 75% of confirmed RA cases had the IgM RF however, we found little advantage in using the one method over the other, nor was the measurement of IgG more useful than IgM as a diagnostic criteria.


Serum prolactin level and systemic lupus erythematosus activity: a cross sectional study
Sabzikarian M A, Movaseghi Sh, Karimian K, Najafi Zade S R, Rostamian A R, Khalvat A,
Volume 66, Issue 1 (30 2008)
Abstract

Background: To evaluate the possibility that prolactin is involved in the pathogenesis and flare-up of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study we determined serum prolactin levels in sixty (60) serum samples from sixty patients diagnosed with SLE by the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR). All patients were females between 13-64 years of age. Disease activity was defined according to lupus activity criteria count and scored by Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). Serum prolactin concentrations were determined by immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) [125I]. Patient blood samples were taken between 10 a.m. and 12 p.m. Serum was separated and kept frozen at -20 °C.

Results: Hyperprolactinemia (>21 ng/mL) was found in 7 (11.7%) patients. SLEDAI scores of <4 were considered inactive disease, >15 active disease and 4-15 moderate activity. Accordingly, 6.7% of our patients had active disease.

Normal serum prolactin levels range from 2 to 21ng/mL. Among those with active disease, prolactin levels were higher, with mean prolactin levels of 18.15, 15.11 and 11.5 ng/mL for active, moderate and nonactive groups, respectively. Increased prolactin levels correlated with activity of SLE disease (p=0.019, r=0.305). No correlation was found between tissue involvement and prolactin level (p=0.24) and no significant correlation was found between prolactin level and age (p=0.19).

Conclusion: Hyperprolactinemia, detected in patients with SLE by IRMA, was associated with disease activity. Our findings suggest that prolactin may play a role in the pathogenesis of SLE.


Echocardiographic findings and joint hypermobility: patients with mitral valve prolapse vs. healthy controls
Moradmand S, Shaeri H.r., Gharooni M, Rostamian A, Akbari Z, Mirkhani S.z., Bagheri A,
Volume 66, Issue 8 (5 2008)
Abstract

Background: Mitral valve prolapse is a relatively common valvular abnormality in most communities and joint hypermobility (JHM) is also seen in many healthy people as well as in certain clinical disorders, such as Marfan syndrome. The present study was designed to investigate the association between joint hypermobility and mitral valve prolapse (MVP) in an Iranian population sample.

Methods: Fifty-seven patients with nonrheumatic and isolated mitral anterior leaflet prolapse (24 men and 33 women, mean age 23.5 +/-2.3) and 51 healthy subjects (20 men and 31 women, mean age 22.9+/-2.3) were studied. The presence of JHM was evaluated according to the Carter-Wilkinson & Beighton criteria. Echocardiographic examination was performed in all subjects and the correlation between the echocardiographic features of the mitral valve and the hypermobility score were investigated.

Results: The frequency of JHM in patients with MVP was found to be significantly higher than that of controls (26.3% vs. 7.8%), with mean JHM scores of 3.1+/-2.2 and 1.9+/-1.7, respectively. The patients in the MVP group had significantly increased the anterior mitral leaflet thickness (AMLT, 3.4+/-0.4 mm vs. 3.0+/-0.3 mm p<0.0005) and maximal leaflet displacement (MLD, 2.4+/-0.3 mm vs. 1.5+/-0.2 mm p<0.0005) compared to the controls.

Conclusions: We detect a statistically significant relationship between isolated MVP and joint hypermobility as well as between the severity of JHM and echocardiographic features of the mitral leaflets. These results suggest a common etiology for MVP and JHM, which should be investigated in future well-conducted studies.


Urodynamic evaluation of pelvic organ prolapse: women with and without urinary incontinence
Ghanbari Z, Rostaminia Gh, Kajbafzadeh Ab, Pirzadeh L, Haghollahi F, Naghizadeh Mm, Pirooz E, Jabbari Z,
Volume 67, Issue 9 (6 2009)
Abstract

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Background: Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) and related urinary symptoms are frequent disorders in elderly women and their management improves life expectancy and quality of life. Urodynamic tests applied in pathophysiologic diagnosis and treatment of urinary disorders are not always cost effective. This study aims to evaluate the results of Urodynamic tests in patients with pelvic organ prolaps.
Methods: This case- control study was done using UDI-6 questionnaire during 18 months in vali-e-asr clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Iran with 105 cases of POP the cases were divided into two groups: group one (66 cases with urinary incontinency) and group two (39 without incontinency) and assessed with urodynamic tests.
Results: Based on UDI-6, the patients of group one had more clinical symptoms (frequency, urine leakage, urge incontinence and stress incontinence). (p<0.001). Except for first desire to voide and normal voided volume indices, there were no significant differences in the other urodynamic parameters in two groups. Sensitivity and specificity of urgency leak in group one was 22 and 68/8% and in group two was 30 and 65/5% respectively. Stress leak sensitivity and specificity in group one were 25/4% and 100% and in group two were 57/1% and 71/9% respectively.
Conclusion: In this study, considering sensitivity and specificity of symptoms and urodynamic test for urinary incontinency assessment is advised in patients with POP who need surgery.


The Correlation between endothelin-1 antibody plasma concentrations in patients with scleroderma and different manifestations of the disease
Aghaei M, Gharibdost F, Zayeni H, Akhlaghi M, Sedighi S, Rostamian Ar, Aghdami N, Shojaa M,
Volume 68, Issue 12 (6 2011)
Abstract
Background: Systemic scleroderma (SSc) is a generalized connective tissue disorder of unknown origin which most notably is characterized by skin thickening and organ damage. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) antibody plays a role in skin fibrosis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and correlation of different manifestations of SSc with ET-1 plasma levels.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 95 patients (91 women and four men) with scleroderma in 2006. The patients had been referred to the Rheumatology Clinic of Shariati Hospital in Tehran, Iran. The demographic data and signs and symptoms were entered in a questionnaire and endothelin-1 concentrations were measured.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 38±12.29 years. Diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) was diagnosed in 52 and limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc) in 43 patients. Raynaud's phenomenon (91%) was the most common manifestation in the patients. The relationship between the resorption of terminal phalanges due to fibrosis with the plasma concentration of Endothelin-1 was statistically significant (p=0.001). Pitting ulcers had significant relationships with endothelin-1 concentrations too (p<0.05). No other significant relationships were found between the other manifestation of the disease and Endothelin-1 concentration.
Conclusion: In this study, Reynaud's phenomenon was the most frequent sign in patients with scleroderma. Thus, it could serve as a tool for the diagnosis of scleroderma. As there were no significant relationships between the other manifestations of scleroderma with endothelin-1, a cohort study with a larger sample size is suggested.


The possible interaction of dopamine system in nucleus accumbens shell and glutamate system of prelimbic region on locomotor activity in rat
Hatam Ahmadi , Parvin Rostami , Mohammad Reza Zarrindast, Mohammad Nasehi , Homa Mohseni Kochesfehani ,
Volume 71, Issue 3 (June 2013)
Abstract
Background: Nucleus accumbens (NAc) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems are involved in regulating of locomotor activity behaviors. This study has investigated the interaction of NAc shell dopaminergic system and prelimbic glutamatergic systems in regulating locomotor activity and related parameters.
Methods: The aim of this study was the effect the drugs injection interaction in the brain of male Wistar rats on locomotor activity and related parameters, in the order of this purpose, open field apparatus that automatically recorded locomotor activity was employed. Unilateral intra-cerebral injection of drugs was done.
Results: Unilateral intra-prelimbic injection of D-AP7 (N-methyl-D-aspartic acid= NMDA receptor antagonist 0.25, 0.5 and 1μg/μl) did not alter locomotor activity behaviors. However, infusion of NMDA (0.9μg/μl) in this region increased locomotor activity (P<0.01), whereas decreased rearing (P<0.01) and grooming (P<0.01) which was blocked by D-AP7 (0.25μg/μl) (P<0.01). Moreover, unilateral infusion of SCH23390 (dopamine D1 receptor antagonist 0.25, 0.5 and 1μg/μl) into the left NAc shell did not alter locomotor activity. However, injection of SKF38393 (dopamine D1 receptor agonist 4μg/μl) into the left NAc shell increased locomotor activity (P<0.05) which was blocked by SCH23390 (0.25μg/μl) (P<0.01). Furthermore, the subthreshold dose infusion of SCH23390 (0.25μg/μl) into the left NAc shell reduced the effect of intra- prelimbic NMDA on locomotor activity (P<0.01). In addition, intra-NAc shell administration of the subthreshold dose of SKF38393 (1μg/μl) potentiated the middle dose (P<0.05), whereas decreased the higher dose of intra-left prelimbic NMDA response (P<0.05) on locomotor activity.
Conclusion: The results suggested a modulatory effect of the NAc shell dopaminergic system on increased locomotor activity by activating glutamate system in prelimbic.
Association between G-2548A leptin gene polymorphism and breast cancer risk
Sara Rostami, Leila Kohan, Mohammad Mohammadian Panah, Fereshteh Fereiduni,
Volume 72, Issue 6 (September 2014)
Abstract
Background: Leptin is an adipokine made by fat cells and plays a key role in proliferation, cell survival, migration and immune response. Several studies have suggested that individuals with high serum leptin concentrations would increase the risk of breast cancer. G -2548A polymorphism in the leptin gene is located in the promoter region and is associated with the change of leptin serum level. In this study, the association between G -2548A polymorphism in leptin gene and breast cancer susceptibility was investigated. Methods: This case-control study was done on 374 Iranian women. This study was performed from March 2013 to February 2013. Blood samples from 203 women with breast cancer and 171 age (±5)- matched healthy women were collected. Breast cancer patients were selected from Namazi Hospital in Shiraz city. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples. The G -2548A polymorphism of leptin gene was determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Data analysis was performed by SPSS version 18. Logistic regression analysis was used for association of breast cancer susceptibility and G -2548A polymorphism of leptin gene. Results: The A allele frequency was 60% in control group and 72% in breast cancer patients. There was a significant association between A allele in -2548 position of leptin gene and breast cancer susceptibility (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.3-2.4, P<0.001). In the reces-sive effect of the A allele (comparison between AA vs. AG+GG), AA genotype in -2548 region of leptin promoter sequence was significantly increased the risk of breast cancer (OR=2.2, 95% CI: 1.5-3.4, P<0.001). Conclusion: It is concluded that A allele in the -2548 promoter region of leptin gene may act as a recessive allele and increase the breast cancer risk.
FOXP3 polymorphism rs2232365 and its association with multiple sclerosis susceptibility
Roya Mahdavi, Mitra Jamali, Mehdi Rostami, Amin Safa, Abdollah Jafarzadeh, Mohsen Naseri,
Volume 74, Issue 6 (September 2016)
Abstract

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the CNS characterized by destruction of the myelin sheath, gliosis and progressive neurological dysfunction. The regulatory T (Treg) cells play a major role in the control of the autoimmunity and inflammation. The forkhead box p3 (FOXP3) is a central molecule in the function of Treg cells that play an important role in the immunoregulation. The aim of this study was to investigation single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs2232365, in FOXP3 gene in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Methods: In a case-control study, peripheral blood samples were collected from 90 patients with MS (46 men and 94 women with different patterns of disease) from January 2014 to April 2015 in the Afzalipoor Hospital, Kerman (a city located in the southeast of Iran). In a total, 90 healthy subjects were also enrolled into the investigation as a control group. The healthy subjects were recruited among blood donations of the Kerman Transfusion Organization and interviewed regarding CNS disease, and none of them had any history of CNS diseases or other relevant disorders. The SNP rs2232365 in FOXP3 gene was assessed by single specific primer-polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR) method. Finally, statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22 (Chicago, IL, USA).

Results: In both patients and healthy control groups, there was significant difference among subjects with GG, AG, and AA genotypes at rs2232365 in FOXP3 gene. The frequencies of AA and AG genotypes at rs2232365 in the FOXP3 gene were significantly higher in MS group as compared with healthy subjects (P<0.002). Moreover, the frequency of GG genotype was significantly lower in the MS group in comparison with healthy control subjects (P<0.002). The frequency of A allele was significantly higher whereas the frequency of G allele was significantly lower in MS patients as compared with healthy subjects (P<0.001).

Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that SNP rs2232365 may influence the susceptibility to multiple sclerosis. Therefore, SNP rs3761548 may directly or indirectly alter the level of the FOXP3 protein expression in Treg cells.


Tuberculin skin test: review article
Hadi Peeridogaheh , Roghayeh Teimourpour , Mohsen Arzanlou , Sina Rostami , Elham Raeisi ,
Volume 75, Issue 8 (November 2017)
Abstract
Historically, tuberculosis has been the leading cause of death throughout human history. Tuberculosis infection (TB) causes by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is very dangerous and can affect any parts of the body, especially lungs. Tuberculosis infection still remains a serious threat to human public health due to its contagious nature, capability to stay latent form in host for indefinite time and then appear as active disease. It is estimated that one third of world’s population, nearly 2 billion persons are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Transmission occurs among people through inhalation of infected droplets. Lungs and especially alveolar macrophage are primary sites of infection. Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli by preventing fusion of phagosome with lysosome can remain alive inside the macrophages. Such situation defined as latent infection. In fact, persons with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are only infected with M. tuberculosis without any sign of infectious. Latent infection in compared with active infection is not contagious, but in about 10-5 percent of people will develop active tuberculosis especially in elderly and people who use immunosuppressive drugs. Pulmonary TB is an active form of tuberculosis infection in which bacteria can spread among people by infected droplets. So identifying and treating people with latent TB infection can significantly reduce the progression of latent form to active infection. The tuberculin skin test (TST) is the most widely used test in worldwide that is applied to determine a person who is infected with M. tuberculosis. TST provide valubale information for diagnosis LTBI however its specificity can be reduced by bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination and infected with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). In TST test host hypersensitivity responses to Purified protein derivative (PPD) from mycobacterium are evaluated. TST positive reaction indicates the presence of high risk for acquiring TB infection or progression of latent tuberculosis to active form. Previous studies indicated that there is correlation between TST response and subsequent risk of active TB. Experimental evidence has shown that treatment of latent infection in the basis of positive TST reduces the risk of active TB. Although TST is far from gold standard but it's low cost and simplicity make it a suitable laboratory test especially in developing country.
 

The role of gender dimorphism on the relative length of fingers and the determination of the gender of the Iranian population: brief report
Fateme Noorian Zavareh, Maryam Ameri , Roya Kordrostami , Nahid Dadashzade ,
Volume 75, Issue 8 (November 2017)
Abstract
Background: Sex determination from human remains is a challenge for forensic experts. Many studies have shown that the finger length ratios might be characteristic for sexual dimorphism. The aim of this study was to determine sexual dimorphism in finger length ratios among Iranian population.
Methods: The study group comprised of a random sample of 100 healthy people without congenital or acquired skeletal malformation or other obvious diagnosed disease, with the age range from 19 to 35 years in Tehran and Kashan cities, Iran, from March to the end of August of 2017. The number of male and female samples were equal. The lengths of second (2D), third (3D), forth (4D) and fifth (5D) finger of both hands were measured from the basal crease of the finger proximal to the palm to the tip of the finger using a ruler with a precision of 0.01 millimeters. Exploratory analysis were performed. Different finger ratios including 2D:3D, 2D:4D, 2D:5D, 3D:4D, 3D:5D and 4D:5D were calculated.
Results: The mean ratio of right fingers R 2:3, 2:4, 2:5, 3:4, 3:5, 4:5 and mean ratio of left fingers L 2:3, 2:4, 2:5, 3:4, 3:5, 4:5 were not equal in the groups compared. The index and ring finger ratio is found to be higher in males than females. Ratios of L 2:4, 3:4 and R 2:3, 2:4, 2:5 showed higher values in males.
Conclusion:  Our results suggest that the 2D:4D ratio is the most decisive ratio which can demarcate between male and female in Iranian population. It may prove useful to determine the sex of an isolated hand in medicolegal examinations.

Development of a simple risk score model to predict renal artery steno-sis
Seyyed Mohammad Reza Khatami, Arash Jalali , Saeid Sadeghian , Elmira Zare , Fatemeh Shokooei Zadeh , Elham Rostami ,
Volume 76, Issue 1 (April 2018)
Abstract
Background: Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is a known cause of secondary hypertension and renal failure. The most patients with renal artery stenosis are asymptomatic. So, the exact prevalence of this disease is unknown. The gold standard of diagnosis of RAS is renal angiography that is an expensive somewhat hazardous procedure and may revealed nothing. The aim of this study was to develop a simple risk model score to predict significant RAS based on known risk factors. This may enable us to select patients with high probability of having RAS to perform angiography.
Methods: A total of 4177 patients whom underwent renal angiography from April 2001 to March 2016, were randomly assigned to a development and a validation dataset in ratio of 2:1 respectively. The clinical and laboratory data of patients were analyzed by multivariate regression analysis. The factors of female sex, history of hypertension and glomerular filtration rate were determined as predicting factors and they were assigned a weighted integer, the sum of the integers was a total risk score for each patient. This model was examined at validation set.
Results: We retrospectively evaluated all patients undergoing renal artery angiography since 15 years ago. We extracted all risk factors of RAS including age, sex, height, weight, and history of diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. We also looked at coronary or peripheral vascular diseases and presence of heart failure. The age of patients was 63.5±11.2 years and 40% of the patients were female. The significant RAS was defined as 70% or more narrowing of renal artery. The prevalence of renal artery stenosis was 14.4% and 13.5% in development and validation dataset respectively. The area under curve and confidence interval for final mode in development dataset was 67.9% (65.0-70.8%). The rates of RAS increased with increasing risk score. In 1402 patients in validation dataset the model showed good discrimination power (cstatistic= 0.76)
Conclusion: This model simply assesses the risk of RAS using available information. This model can be used both in clinical and research purposes. The power of model for diagnosis of RAS is estimated to be 72.6% (68.8%-76.4%).

IL-33 polymorphism rs1929992 and its association with susceptibility to different pattern of multiple sclerosis
Mitra Jamali , Mehdi Rostami Rad , Gholamreza Anani Sarab , Roya Mahdavi ,
Volume 76, Issue 7 (October 2018)
Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis is the most common autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a cytokine with both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory activities that implicated in the pathogenesis of some autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to determine single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of IL-33, rs1929992, in patient’s gene with multiple sclerosis (MS) and investigation of this polymorphism with susceptibility to MS.
Methods: In this case-control study, peripheral blood samples were collected from 140 MS patients (patients in the Afzalipur Hospital in Kerman) and blood sample of 140 healthy subjects (people referred to the Blood Transfusion Organization) as a control group from March 2016 to January 2018. SNP at rs1929992 was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method.
Results: There was significant difference between healthy control group and patient with multiple sclerosis in the frequency of genotypes. The frequency of AA genotype at rs1929992 was significantly higher in the MS group in comparison with healthy control subjects (P= 0.0001), whereas frequency of AG genotype was significantly higher in the control group as compared with MS group (P= 0.02). There was no significant difference between the MS patients and healthy control group in GG genotype. Moreover, the frequencies of AA genotype at SNP rs1929992 were significantly higher in patients with secondary progressive MS (SP-MS) and primary progressive MS (PP-MS) as compared with control group (P= 0.03). However, the frequencies of AG genotype was significantly lower in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) in comparison to the healthy group (P= 0.01). In patients with RR-MS, PP-MS and SP-MS patterns, the frequencies of A allele was significantly higher than that in control group (P= 0.03, P= 0.01, P= 0.001). In patients with RR-MS, PP-MS and SP-MS pattern, the frequency of G allele was significantly lower than control group (P= 0.03, P= 0.01, P= 0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the SNP rs1929992 in IL-33 gene, may be associated with different pattern of MS susceptibility.

A review on the relation between obesity and vitamin D with pediatric asthma, and a report of a pilot study in Tehran, Iran: review article
Mansoureh Shariat, Ezoddin Rostamian, Heshmat Moayeri, Mamak Shariat, Laleh Sharifi,
Volume 78, Issue 5 (August 2020)
Abstract
Asthma is an inflammatory and chronic disease that affects about 300 million people globally. The disease is more common in developed countries. The increase in the prevalence of asthma is not only due to genetic factors, but also to many environmental factors related to urbanization and type of nutrition. It has been reported that obesity is an independent risk factor for asthma and obese children are at higher risk of asthma. The researchers found that many of the common phenotypes of obesity and asthma are due to genetic effects and some genetic component is common to asthma and obesity. Genetic data suggest that there are areas of genetic overlap between the obesity and asthma genes. These children experience more severe asthma and have a poor treatment outcome. On the other hand, there is an association between vitamin D deficiency in the earlier stages of life and incidence of asthma in the following years. Interestingly, obesity is a common risk factor for both asthma and vitamin D deficiency. Therefore, study on the interaction of asthma, obesity, and vitamin D deficiency may play an important role in unraveling the intricate nature of asthma. Prevalence of Pediatric asthma in 6-7 and 13-14 years-old children has been reported more than 10% in Iran. In this review we aimed to assess the latest findings about pediatric asthma and its association with obesity and vitamin D in Iran and the other countries. In addition, the results of a pilot study that has examined the frequency of overweight and obesity, as well as vitamin D deficiency in children with asthma in Tehran, are briefly presented. Enrolling a national study on obesity and vitamin D levels in children with asthma, can provide excellent information on the effects of obesity and vitamin D deficiency on asthma in Iranian children. Also the results could provide a basis for ecological studies to measure correlation between pediatric asthma and Sunlight and food and cultural habits in different parts of the country. Also, it is recommended that for a better understanding of the subject, experimental studies examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation and vitamin D-rich diets on the prevention and treatment of pediatric asthma in different age groups as well as different ethnicities of Iran.

Investigating the mean indexes of the cervical vertebrae through radiography in normal peop
Mahsa Akhavan-Sabbagh, Mohammad Ghasem Hanafi , Mozhgan Samet Zadeh , Arvin Rostami ,
Volume 81, Issue 9 (December 2023)
Abstract
Background: The study of the angles between the vertebrae and the curvatures of the spine plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of spinal disorders. Among the essential topics, the cervical sagittal parameters are widely used in evaluating cervical spine disorders and surgery. Measurement of cervical lordosis curves in healthy people is influenced by various factors. This study was conducted in order to investigate the average indexes of the cervical vertebrae in simple graphs in normal people.
Methods: In this descriptive study, using Gunya and Radiant software, radiographic photographs of the lateral view of the cervical region of 50 people (28 men and 22 women) who were referred for purposes other than problems related to neck pain were examined. Patients who were candidates for surgery and congenital disorders of the cervical spine were excluded. The study was conducted between March to April 2022. In this study, 12 cervical indexes were comprehensively measured and the scope of their changes in relation to age and gender was investigated. The measurements were conducted by an experienced radiologist.
Results:  In this study, 50 participants including 28 male (58%) and 22 female (44%) were included in the study. The mean age of participants 38.42 ± 2.1 years. After comparing the two genders, except for C0-C2/C2-C7 ratio index (4.9 in men and 2.6 in women) (P= 0.012), no significant difference was seen for other indexes (P> 0.05). After comparing the two groups, a significant difference was seen only in the T1 slope (T1S) index, which was significantly higher in people over 35 years old than in people under 35 years old (71.15 vs. 69.04) (P=0.049).
Conclusion: The evidence from this study shows that T1S increases with age and C0-C2/C2-C7 is significantly less in women than in men. These findings can be used to diagnose pathology or destructive changes in the elderly, to evaluate movement disorders, the effectiveness of treatment, and to determine the outcome.

Comparison of duration and survival rate of burn patients above 90% in the burn unit isolation room and BICU
Najibeh Mohseni Moalem Kolae , Abdolreza Jafarirad, Mohammadhossein Hesamirostami , Khadije Moeiltabaghdehi , Mojtaba Ghorbani , Abolfazl Hosseinnattaj,
Volume 82, Issue 4 (July 2024)
Abstract
Background: Death is one of the serious consequences of burns, which usually occurs as a result of hospital infections. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the existing disagreement regarding the admission of more than 90% patients in the burn intensive care unit with the isolation room of the burn unit.
Methods: This retrospective descriptive-analytical study was conducted based on case review. The statistical population included the files of patients hospitalized in the burn wards and burn intensive care unit of Zare'e Sari Burn and Psychiatric Center from 2011 to 2023 who died. All these patients were included in the study as a census. The data was extracted through a checklist prepared by the researcher. Descriptive and inferential analysis of the data was performed using SPSS version 21 software. The variables studied included gender, age, burn percentage, burn factor, and duration of hospitalization, and determining the relationship between burn percentage and survival time in the two burn intensive care units and the isolation room of the burn unit was the main variable. The mean and standard deviation were used to describe quantitative data, and the frequency and percentage were used to describe qualitative data.
Results: Among 882 cases, 226 patients had burns above 90%. 143 cases were related to men (63.3%). Most patients were in the age group of 19 to 40 years (61.9%). The cause of the burn (54.9%) was flame. Among the patients (83.2%) were hospitalized in the isolation room of the burn ward. Although the average days of hospitalization of patients above 90% in the burn intensive care unit was 13.71±11.82 days and the burn isolation room was 8.66±9.11 days, the Mann-Whitney test showed that the average survival time of these patients in the burn isolation room of the burn ward was significantly different from the intensive care unit. (sig.=0.001).
Conclusion: Although the average survival time in the two groups showed a significant difference, ultimately all patients in the two groups died within a few days of each other.

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